Newspaper of Burlington Free Press, December 16, 1842, Page 2

PIlBStBENT'S MBSSABK. TV t.'is Senate and Haunt nf lltpratnlatitu oftlu 7,i tltd Slutti I Wc have continued reason (o express our profound irMiludeto the Creator of all thinipr for numberless ben; nt confjrred upon us as n People. Messed with fcnm! seasons, llio husbandman litis hia turners filled with abundance, niul the nece.ssaiies of life, tint to apeak of ils luxuries, nlomn.l in ever,' (liri.eli.iti While in some other nations steady mi I industriuU9 labor cm hardly And Ilia means nf subsistence, the ureatcat evil which we h iveto encounter is a surplus ofproductton beyond the liomo demand, which seeks, and with difficulty finds, n partial market in other re pons. The health of the country, with partial ex ceptions, has for the past vc.ir been well picerved and under their freo and wise institutions, the United States are rapidly ndvancinj; tnwntds the consum mation of the liinh dc'tiny which nn overruling l'rov idsnce sccins to have nimkodout for them, Ilxcmpt from domestic convulsion, and at pence with nil the world, we me left free to consult ns to the best means f securing and advancing the happiness of the Peo ple. Such aiu the circumstances under which you now ns'emlilo in your respcciivcchanihcrs and which should lead us to unite in praiso and thauksziviii!! tn that rjtcat beiuj; who mad,; us, and who preserves us a nation. I congratulate you, fellow-citizens, on the happy snango in thenspoot of our fitcnm nliurs since my last annual nicisnac. Causes of complaint at tint time existed between the United Stale and ("treat Ilritain, which, attended bv irritating circumstance", threatened most seiioii-!y flic publicpcacc. Tlie rlif ficully of a Ijusliriy nmtcntrly the questions nt issue betneoniwo cnu n n war, in no small th-sreo nuc menlcd hy tin ap of time since they Irid then orijin The opinions entertained by the Executive on sever al of the leading topics in dispute, were frankly set fonh in tho Mrssax-j at the npenin:;of tnurlsto ses sion. The appointment ofa special tniintor hy (treat llnlain to the lliulid States, with power tn ncsroliato upon most of the points nf difference, indicated a de sire on her pirt ninicablv to adjust them, and that minister wns met by the I'.xectitue in the same spirit which hnd dictated his m'ssion, The treaty conse spent therein, having lic.cn duly ratified by'the two (overnnu-ms, a copy, toselhrr with tho eorreepon. eleneo which ar.cninpaiii, d it, ish"nwith coiniiiunica tel. I trnsl tint whilst you s, in it nothing objec tionable, it may be llienicaus of ptescrvinr; foratiin definite periodthe amicable relation happily existitm between tha twj (luy-rii 11' i's. The riesiim of peace or war between tin United Suits and fireat liritain, is a question u! the derpel interest not only to themselves t hut to tha civ ih.e,l world, since it is searcdy po.si1-" that a war could exist between them without (ndanm ,n. 'hep '.aeaof Christendom. The immu'iata elf-e' ori!ie Treaty upon ourselves will be fdtn t'io .. ,r nflV led t mercantile enterprise, v:.,i. h, 1. lunger apn clicnsive of inicrruption, ad ;. 1 "j a i.s "pcc.ibi 'jns m the most distant sea sand l,e 1 ''ht'i' i.4vcri;ied productiunsnfcveryland rem i t MiKrown. There is nothing: in the 1 fsa'V 1 n, 111 llio nli 'litest decree, eompromits the lu,-. r or dignity ofcither nation. .Next to the settlement of the boundary line, which must always pc a tinner 01 uitnculty between slates ns neiween individuals, tho question which seemed to threaten the preatct embarrassment, was that connected with I3e lAinean slave liuue. Ily tlio lOilt ailieleof the Treaty of flhant it was expressly declared tint "whereas the trifficin slaves isirrecjiicmm with the principles or numiiiiiv nnd jus. ccian wnereas .oui ins ......yano ne-jm en , r . 1 1 .'...' 1 .1 ,t . , 1 mote its entire abolition, it is heribv agreed that both . the eontraeiing parlies shall us,: their best endeavors " 1. fj iiijunii 11 uesirioicnn uujeci, lii wm- en forcement of tho laws nnd treaty siipulalions nf Great liritain, a practice had threatened to grow up on llio part of 11s cruisers of subjecting 10 visitation ships aiding under the American Hag, which, while itsen o.isly involved our maritime rights, would subject to fexation a branch of our trade which was dnilv in creasing, and which required the fullering care of 1 lie Government. And altlimigli Lord Aberdeen, in Ins correspondence, with the Ameiican I'uvoys nl Lon don, expressly disclaimed all right lodetain an Amer ienn sh'p on tho high seas, even if found with a cargo el" "daves on board, and restricted the Rriti"li preten lon 10 a mere claim to Wt and enquire, ycl it could not be well discerned by the Executive of the United States bow such iiit and inquiry could .bo made without detention on the voyage, and consequent in terruption to tho trade. It was regarded as the right of senrch. presented only in a new form, nnd cxprct sed in difli'ient words j and I therefore felt it to be my duty distinctly to declare, in my annual message to Congress, that no such concession enuld be made, and that tho United States had holh the will nnd the ability to enforce ihetr own law, and 10 protect iheir flag from being used for purposes wholly forbidden bv t'tosa laws, and obnoxious to the. moral censure of the world. Taking the message ns his letter of instructions, sjnr then minister nt I'.aris fell himstlf r quired to as ume ihe sameground in a reinoiiurince which be felt it to ho his duly to pieent to M. Giizit, and through bi n to llio iCing of the Trench, against wh it has been c.illaJ thou tutiujilotrc ity ; and Ins con met, in this respect, met with the approv il of this Govern ment. In ! tse conformity with these views, the eighth nrtic" of ihc Treaty was framed, which pro vides that "cell nation hall keep nlViat in the Afri can seas a force not less than emhty guns, to net separately anu apart, under instruction from thtir respective Govei nments, and for the enforcement of their respective I iws nnd obhsstions." l'mm this il will besien lint ihe ground .suincd in the Message has been fully maintained, nt tk.u same time that tin' stipulations a the Ticalv of (Jhent are to be carried out in goo I f.iith by the two coin'tr.es, nnd ihnl all pretenco is removed lor interference with our com merce for any purpose whatever bva foreign Govern ment. While, therefore, the United States have been standing up for the friedom of the seas, they ha ve ml iho ighl proper In make that a pretext for avoid ing a fulfilment of their Treaty stipulations a groun I for giving countenance to a trade reprobate 1 hy our laws. A sinnhr arrangement by iheoll.ergrcat pov ers could not fjil to sweep from the ocean the slave trade, without the intcrpolatiin of any new principle into the maritime code. We may bo permuted to hape that 'he example ihus sft wilt bo followed by sjame.ifnol all of them. Wo thereby alto afford suitable protection to the fair trader 111 those seas, thus fulfilling nt tho same time, tho dictates nf a aound policy, nn 1 complying with thu claims of jus tice and hunruiity. It would hive f'irnishsd additional rauc for con gratulation, if the Tenij- cuutd havo embraced oil ssbjects calculated in future lo lead to a misunder standing between the two G jvrrnnients. Tna terri tory of ins United States, commonly called tho Ore em territory, lying on the I'.icific ocean, north of 42d degree of l.ititu le, t?a partion'of wirch Great liritain lays claim, begins tu nitract (he attention of our fcl-low-eimens, mid thi tide tif population wh ch has ic eloimed what ws soUtelynii unbroken wilderness, in maiecontijinus reg'ons, is preparing to How over tiose vast di'iiiels wlueh stretch from the Rocky Mountains to ihe Pacific Ocean. In ndvanco of ihe acquirement of individual rigliin In these lands, sound policy dictates lhalekery cij'oruhni'lJ be resulted In bf llio two Goyrnments. 10 kaille lhe,r respective claims. It bucatno niiuifesl al an tarlv hour uf tho late negotiations, that any attempt for the tioifl being sitisfactorily to iletL-ruiine those rights would lead to a protracicd discussion, which might enibrnee jn its isuure ounr morepicsmg mailers, nn. 1 in ic;e,i tivo did nal regard tt as proper to waivu all tho ad Tntces of an honorable ailjiismicnt of other dif flctilties orgrent magnitude and impoitanec, liccaute thi, nol s 1 immediately pressing stood in the way. Alihoujh ihcdillieuliy referred In may not for sever- I vrnrs to come, involve the neace of llm two coun tries, yet I shall not dtdiy lo urgo on Great llnlam thaimportanceofils early settlement. Nor will oilier Snillsrs 01 commercial niponance 10 nie io uiiini Iries bi) overlooked-, and 1 havo good reasni to be lisvc tint it will comport anth llu p dicy of Knglaiid, ss it don with thai otiuo uuiitu .itaics, 10 s-ize upon this moment, v' en most of ihe causrs of irritation hive passed aw . , lo ee nenl lho peace an 1 unity of Ihe twji-j'ir' , s by v "ely reraoymg all grounds of Jirri'ir'- ' . if colli - I. V 'ii'iih,ir t" ers of r.'irnpe, our relations o; ..n ib an it " n it nuiiesldc foolin. Treaties how e vmg w ihtro aho ild 1 naiAlj observed, I, ,iii-vrv Oil uinity, coinpalibl.' with the interests f r I ' Stales, siMinld be .zcd no n lo f ulirge the b"', - d comiii'-reial intercourse, I'eace wiib all the win hi is the true foundation ofuur po'icy, which can only be ren iered permanent by the practice of equal and impartial juviiee to all. 'O.ir great desire should b toenlcronly into that livnlry which looks lo lb' tcncral goo I, in Ihe cultivation of tho sciences, the cnlar''ment of the raid fur ihoexerciseof the me ehanical arls.aud tlicenreid ofuommerco that grcal eiviiizer lo every land and sia. Carefully abstain ine from the interference in nil cjueslions e.xcluively rsfrrm'iheui'clvrslolhepoliiic.ilinlert'sts of llu inoe we may beperniiltnl 10 hope nn equal cxemp twrifroin the interference of European (!overnuicnij, in what relates lo the Sttfetof the American Con. On ihe ?1 1 of April last, tbe commissioners on the art of llu uniieu at'tes, iinuer in eouveiucju mm the Mexican Republic, on the lllh of April, IBM, ,n il nroncr ilroarlmenl n finnl report in rela tion In the proceedings of the commission. I- mm this il nppesrsthnl the mint amount award din tho slninmnts by the commissioners end tho umpire rip fminirri under tha' convention, wns two millions .; iKoiuniM and Keventv-iunc dollars and .i.iv.ciL'hl cents. Th Uhitcr having considdeil that his functions were required by Ihe convention 10 ler :.,. i ilie sime time willi those of die roinum aioners, rel'irnedm lho honrd, nndeciled for wnnt of time. Claims Wllicn IISJ orcil nni,i-ij uyt n,p nime 'U ;..! ... . l.a n.nn,.,,t nf ntna h,lr,,l itan uomnusnooci', . ,r .n l twenty cicnt lliousanu n nminicu mo i dollars arid Mjhtyetirrit cenls. other claims in "... ., . - ,,! 10 he recovered was three "i1.!? ' '"fu" '" ,. .lrt".nd thirivsix thousand right hundred and thirty-seven dollar, and five cents, were . . . . .1.. lAnlntil l.irilfl l'(ll)i Ittllllllll.1 July authoriicd to make denied for tlie p.iynie. of tn as arcs arcorunc , and Ih provisions of the act of Conprns of tho 12lh JJaoe, liW. Hubcl3 t-t r.ii"C"o i vm intitiicateto that government the expectations of the fljveriniiciit of tho Unded Statiain relation to those claims which were nol ilipoed of arenrdins to the provisions of the convention, mil nllniht rs nf cd'ncim 01 inn u. M ates ag 1:11st tho Mexican (Jovcinmcnl. lie has also been furnished with other instructions, to bfil.nveilby liiin In case thc OnveriinuntiirMcX ico should not liml itself In n condition to niako pres ent payment of the amount of the awards, in specie or its rqimalcnt. I am happy to lu ahla to say tint Inforinatian, W'liieh is esteemed favorable, bntb tmi hist s.iti-fieti.m nf tho awards, nnd a reasonabio provisim for oilier tlainis, has been recently received from Mr. Thomp son, thn minister of tlie United States, whn has tiiomplly and efficiently executed llio instruction, of his Gjv eminent, in regard to this important sub ject. Tho citizens of the United Stales who accompan ied the late Texan expedition to Santo !, who were wrongfully taken and held ns prisoners of war in Mexico, havoall been libcntpd. A corresnondenco has taken ntarn between the nepirliiieut of State nnd the Mexican Minister of imcisn Allurs, upon tho complaint or Mexico that cili.eos of the United Stales were permitted to giva aid to tho inhabitants of Texas in tho war existing between her and that Republic, Copies of ibis cor respondence are herewith communicated to Conarcss to'jctlitr with copies of letters on the same subjct, addressed to the Diplomatic corps nt Mexico, by the American Munstsr and the Mexican Secretary of ointc. t Mexico has thnnsht nroncr to rccinrocate them's- sitm of the United Slates to that Government by accrediting to this a Minister of the same rank as that of the repre'f ntalive of I'.io United Slates in Mexico. Prom the circunitances connected with his mission, tavorable rcsulisare anticipated from il. It is so obviously for the interest of both countries as nriahbors and friends that all just cnuc of mutu al dissatisfaction should be removed, lint it is tn he hoped neither will omit or delay the employment of any pracucaDic ana iionorauie means to accomplish lint end. Thn a.'l'iirs pending betweou this 0 nernment and "cvcral others of tho States of this he.iiiphere for merly under tha dominion of t! ain. have nuain. within the past ve'r, been nnternlli nhlriicted by the 111 1 nt n ry levolutions and cunflicts in those coun tries. The ratifications of the Treaty between the Uniic.' Stales nnd I lie ItrpnMic. of Kcuador, of thol3lh of dune, 1351, have been exchanged, and that instrument has been duly promulgated on iheparl of this govern inent. Copies nro now communicated to Congress with a vL-w to enable that body 10 make such ehan t'os in the laws app'icahlo to our intetcourse with thai ItrP'tbhe, as may be deemed requisite. 1'rovision haa been made by the fi lvernment of Chili f.ir the payment of the c'aim on account of the illegal detention of the brig Warrior at Coquimbo, in 1370. This Onvcrnni'iit has reason to expect thai other claims of our citterns against Chili, will be has tened to n final and atisfactory clne. The Kmpire of llra7.il has not been altogether cx eniot from thnso convulsions which so constantly nt'dict the. neighboring republics. Disturbances w hicli recently broke out are, however, now understood to he quieted. Hut these occurrences, by threatening th, stability oftthe. Governments, or by causing in cessant and violent chani'rs in them, orin the per sons who administered thotn, tend greatly 10 retard provisions for njut indemnity for losses and injo'ies suffered bv individual subjects or citizens of other Stales. The Government of the United States will feel it to be its duty, however, to consent to no delay, .nol uirivotd'il le in miking satisfaction for wrongs anil injuries sustained by its own rttiens. Many V- -u ti't nil:, i;i p.jiiir .jii'nru. ;i ucui'ilvu niul tni-climl coursa of proceeduig will bo demanded of 'i.i'""'-, " ",,um The vexalious. har.a3sin1.and expensive wnr which so long p-evailel with the Indian tribes inhnbilina the peninsula of Florida, has happily been terminated : whereby our army bna been relieved from a scrweeof lho most disagreesble character, and tho Treasury from a large expenditure. Some casual outbreaks may occur, such as arnincidenl to thocloseproximity of h lrder settlers and the Indians; bin ihese, as in all other cases, may be left to the care o Ihe local authorities, a'ded, when occasion may renuire. bv the forres of tho United States. A sufficient number nf troops will he maintained In Honda, o long as the remolctd apprihcnsions nf danger shall exist, vet their djties will be limited rnlher 10 the garrisoning of the necessary posts, than to the maintainance of active hostilities. It 13 lobe hopul iliala territory so long retarded in its growth, will now pecddy recover from the evils incident to a protracted war, exhibiting, in the increase I amount of its rich productions, true evidence of returning wealth and prosperity. By t1n practice of riid justice towards lho numerous Indian tribes residing within our territorial limit, and tho exercise of a parental vigilance over their inier csls. protecting them ngainst fraud and intrusion, and at Ihe same time using every pro vr expedient to in troduce among them the arts of civilized life, we may fondly bopn not nn'y 10 wein llie.m from their love for war, 1mttoiupiie ihcm with a love of pi.-e and all its avocations. With several of tho tribes greil progress in ciiihzin? ilmin has already been made. The schoolmaster and the missionary nre round n,K bv side, nud the remnants of whnl were once num. i rousi and powerful nations may vet be preserved as the builders up of a new name for themselves, and th"ir posterity. 1 lie balance la tlie Treasury on the lirst or Janua . 1312. (exclusVc of the amount ilcnosiled with the Stales. Trust Kim 1 an 1 Indemnities was $239,133 G3. The recetms into the Treasury durini! the ihrte fii.l quarifrs of th piesent year, froui all soutccs. amounts In f 1!i ft ! G ,50 ) 73: of which more llian fourteen niilh ms were received from customs, nnd about one million from the public lands. The receipts fir the fourth quarter nre estimated at nearly eight millions; of which foir million are expected from cus'.om and threj millions and a half from Loans and Treasury Purics. The expenditures of the first three quarters or the present yearexceeu twenly-s'.x ins. unit nose esunnieii ror ine lotirin quarter amount lo about eigRt millions : nnd 11 is anticipated there will 1 o n dcficiCTicvol half a million on the 1st of January next but that the amount of o iisian I ing warrants (esiimnle I nt will leave nn actual ballance of about 5224 000 in lho Treasury. Among the openditute of the year, are more than eight millions for tho ptrfihndchl. nnd SdOO 000 on ne- cniiut of tin- distrihuimn lo Ihe Slates of the proceeds of sales of the public land. The present tariff of duties was somewhat hastily nnd hurriedly passed nenr the close of the lnle?ssinn of Congress. That it should have defects, can, 'herefore, be 'surmising tn no one. To remedy such defects as inav be found to exist in many of its nu merous provi ions, will not fail to claitn your strions attention. Il may well merit enquiry, w hether lho exaction of all duties in cash does not call for the in troduction of n syttem wliich has proved highly beneficial in countiies wheie il has been adopted. I refer In lho Warehousing system. Tho first nnd most prominent efiVt which it would produce would he to protect lho market alike ngainst rediindcnt or defi"ieiit supplies of foreign fabric both of which in the long run, arc injurious ns well to tho nianuijc liner as the importer. Ttu quantity of goods in store being at all times readily known, it would enable, the importer, with an approach 10 accuracy, to ascertain the nciu il wants of ihe niaikel, and tn regulate him self Accordingly. If however ho should fall into er ror, by minornn? an excess above the nuldie. want. he poiild readily coirect its evils bv availing himself ol the henctits nnd advanla -is nr the system thus established. In the storehouse the goo Is imported would nwnil the demands of lh" mail'.el. nml iheir iMies would be governed by lho fixed principles of iieiinui 11111 supply., J nn nn approximation would bu made lo a steadiness and un.f.irmiii' nf i.n which if nlininnble, wind I conduce lo the decided advantage of nicrchaiitilo nnd mechanical opera lions. The apprehension may be well entertained that without Boinclhing lo ameliorate ihe ligor of cash payment, the entire import trade may full into the iiandsofn few weilihv capitalists in this caunlrv nnd in r.urope. The small importer, who requires .ill in-iiiuiii-v nt, i-nn irti-se iur iiivcsimenis aoroau, nnd wdio can but ill afford in pay lh lowest duly, would have to subduct in advance a portion of bis Tumi order 10 pay the dulies, nnd would loso the interest upon inesmouni inns pam tor all the time the goods might rem tin unsold, winch mhht .ahsarli hie n7nn, The rich capitalist abroad, as well as at home, wouhi inns possess, .iner a snort Mine, nn almost exclusive monopoly ol the Import trade, and liws designed for the benefit nf all. would thus onnrain r.,r i!. l,Un.R, of the few a result wholly uncongenial with lho spirit nf niir institutions, and nnti-republican in all its tendencies. The Warehousing system would en- able the importer lo watch the market, and to select In own time for olleriug his goo Is for sale. A profi table portion ol tho enrrvin" Undo in articles entered for the benefit ofdrnwhaek, must also bn most scri. ously nlfecied, wilhaul alio adoption of some expedi ent in iclieve ihe rash svsieni. The Warehousing System would nlford that relief, since the carrier wuiild have n safo recourse in the public slorn-houes, nnd might, without advancing theduly, reship within satnereasonnhlc period In foreign ports. A further ef. feet oflbe measure would he. to sonersede Ihe sustp ofdiawbarks, thereby ell'cctunllv protecting the Gov ernment aga.nst fraud, ns the right of debenture would not n'lach 10 goods after their withdrawal fiom the puoiicstaren. In revising the existing tarifl'of duties, should yon deem it proper to d ) so nl your present ssiui, I enn only repeat th 1 suggestions and recouimendalions which, upon several occasion, I havo h'etoforo felt It In bo 111 y dul V 10 offer lo Clllll'less. Tin, nre. I nn. maty and controlling interest of ihe American People -' 11,,, iiiy in ine mero lonns 01 gov. ernoient firms w iieh mnv timiinni. foimdiil 111 an attachment of Slate and individuals for each oilier. This union in sentiment and r . tin.. .n only be preserved by the adoption nf thai com se of pouuy which, neiiner (rivins exclusive lienrfiis to some, nor iniposiiiffunneceassrv lurdpiiaiirmi n,l. shall consult ihe interests of all. by pursuinf a course nf moderation, and thereby seeking tn harmnnits pul,. lie opinion, and cmsiinr the Peop'e every where lo feel and In know ihnl the Government ia cnref.il oflhe in. terensnf nil alike Nor is there nnv aubinet in rirr,i tn wliich moderation, connected with a wise discrimi nation, is more nece snry than in the imposition of dulies mi 1 111 put", vvnciiier reierrnee to lind 10 rev cnu. ihe primnry object in Ihe inijoaiiinnof taxes or 10 ihciucidenls which necessarily flow from their imposition, liis Utulirtly true, titraiacsiit daliM defeat their end nnd object, not only by exciting in ' thu public mind an hostility lo the manufacturing in tetcsls, I nt by inducing a system of smuggling on an extensile Hc.ilc,nnd Ihi! prnrtiee of eyrry. manner of iraiiu upon me revenue, which the iitliiool vigilance 01 Government cannoullecinilly suppress, An npposi'ecourfpof ponje wou'd ha attended by results essentially did'crriM, of which every intcicsl ol seciely, and none more than thnsooftlie iiiamifnc turer, would reap important advantages. Among the most striking of its bciicfils, would be thnt delved ftotii the gcnernl acquiescence of llio country in its support, mid tho cou'crj'tsnt permanency and stabili ty which wuuhl beeuen to nil ihu operations of in tfi.'try. It cannot bu loo often repealed that no sys tem of legislntion can be wise which is fluctuating ami tiiuerlain. No interest can thrive under il. Theprti dent capitalist will neveradventure his capital in man- tifiicinring establishments, or in any other leading pursuit nf life, if their exists a state of uncertainty as to whether the Government will repeal to-morrow wh.it il hascnaclcd to-day. Kilfnl profit, however high, if threatened with a ruinous reduction bv a vacil lating policy on Iheparl of Government, will scarce ly tempt bun lo trust the money which he ha ac quired hy n lifeof labor, upon Ihe uncertain ndven lute. I, therefore, in llio spirit of conciliation, and influenced by no other desire than to rescue lho fitcot interests of the country from the vortex of political contention, nnd in the discharge oflhe high and sol emn duties nf thu placo which I now occupy, recom mend moderate duties imposed with a wdse discrimin ation ns lo llieio several obiecls, ns being not only most bluly lobe durable, but most advantageous to every interest of society, The report oflhe Secretary of the War Depart ment exhibits a very full nnd satisfactory account ol the various and important interests committed lo the charge of that officer. Il is particularly uratify ing lo find that the expenditures for lho military ser vice nre greatly reduced in amount that a strict sys tem ofccinoniy has been introduced into lho service, and the abuses of pasl years grca'ly reformed. The fortifications on our marilimefrontierhave been pros ecuted with much vigor, and at tnnny points our de (enccs nrcin n very considerable smte of forwardness. The suggestions in reference lo the establishment rf means of coniiniiuication with our territories on the l'icific, and lo the surveys so essential toa knowledge nf the resources of the interinedialo country, nrnenli ll",l to tho most favorable consideration. While I wool I propose nothing inconsistent with friendly ne gotiations 10 sctile the extent of our claims in that re gion, ycl n prudent forecast points out Ihe necessity of ii h measures as may enable us to maintain our rights. The arrangements made Tor preserving our neutral relations 011 the boundary between lis and Texas, and keeping in check the Indians in that quar ter, will be maintaiucd so long as circumstances may require. For savcral years nnsrv contentions havo grown nut of Ihu disposition directed by law to be mado of tlio mineral lanns held by Ihe uovernment in several of tho Stales. Tho Government i constituted the landlord, nnd the citizens )f Siatcs wherein Ih the lands, nre its tenants. The relation is an unwise one and il would ho much more conducive to the public interest that a saleof thn lands should be made than that they should remain in their present condition. The supjdv of tho ore would be more abundantly and cerl itnly fumi lied when to be drawn from ihe enter prise nn I the industry of the proprietor, than under the present system. The recommendation of the Secretary in regard to the improvement of ihe Western waters and certain prominent harboison tho lakes, merits, and I doubt not will receive, your serious attention. The great importance of these subjects to llin prosperity of the extensive region referred lo, nnd the sceiitity of the whole country in limn of wnr. cannot escape obser vation. The losses of life and property which an nually occur in the naiigitionof thu Missippi alone bceaiie of ibedangerous obstructions in the river, make n loud demand upon Congress for the adoption of efficient measures lor Iheir removal. The report nf the Secretary of the navy will bring you acquainted with that important branch of the public defence. Considering the. already vast nnd daily incrcasingcommerce of the country, npart from the exposure to hosiileinroad of an extended sea board, all thai relates to the Navy is calculated 10 excite particular atlcntion. Whatever tends to add to its efficiency, without entailing unnecessary char ges up m tlieTreasiirv, it is well worthy of your ser ions consideration. It will be seen that whilenn np propnalioii exceeding by less than a million the ap propriationsof the ptesent year is asked by the Sec retary, vet that in ibis sum is proposed to bo included 8100,000 for lho purcbasoof clothing, which, when once expended, will l.o annually reimbursed by the sale of the clothes, nnd will thus constitute n pernel ual fund, without any new appropriation In the same object. To Ibis may'also be added ViO 000 lo cover ihearreagesof past years, and &'2o0000 in order to maintain a competent squadron on lho coast of Af rica ; all of which, when deducted, will reduce the ex penditures nearly itbin the limits of those of the current year. While, however the expenditures will thus remain very nearly thesame as of the antece dent ycar.it is proposed to ndd greatlvtothe opera tions of the Marine, nnd ill lieu of only 23 ships in commission, and but little in the way of building, lo keep with thu same expenditure, 41 vessels afloat and iobuil.1 twelve ships of a small class. A strict system nf nccnuntnhi'ity is established, an. I great pains are taken to insure industry, fidelity and economy, ineverj, dapD-tnir murduiy. Kxper iniroie have been instituted 10 test ihnqunlity of var ious materials, particularly copper, iron and coal, so as to prevent fraud and imposition. It will nppcar by the report nfthe Postmaster Gen eral, that thegrcat point, which for several years has been so much desired, has, during ihe current year, In en fully accomplished. The expenditures of the Department, for Ihe current yenr, have been brought within its income without lessening its general use fulness. There has been an increase of revenue equal toSIGG.OOOforiheyear lS4'2over ibatof 1341, with out, ns it is believed, any addition having been made to the number of lellets and newspapers transmitted through the mads. The I'ost Ofiiee laws have been i ieslly administered, nnd fidelity has been observ ed in ncconntinL' far. nnd navin" over bv lho subor dinate nf Ihe Department, lho moneys wliich have been received. For the details of the service, I refer vou in Ihe renort. I flatter myself ihnl the exhibition (bus made of the coirlilion ol me pubrc administration win scric to convince vou that every nroper attention lias been paid to the interest of the country by ihoso whohaic been called to tho bends of the different Departments. The reduction in lho annunlcxpcniliniies ol the Gov eminent already accomplished, furnishes a suro ev idence that economy in tho application of the public moneys, is regarded as n paramount duly. At pence with all thu world lho personal liberty of the citizen sacirdlv maintained, and bis rights se cured under palitical institutions deriving all their nu- tlnriiy from the direct sanction of the people with a soil lertiln .almost beyond example; nnd n country blessed with every diversity of c imalo and produc tion, what remains o bedono in order to advance the happiness and prospei'n v of such a people? Under ordinary circ nustniices this inquiry could read.ly be ansvuTen. 1 ne oesi mat protiaiuy count lie uouoinr a people inhabiting such a country, would be 10 forti fy iheir peace and security in ihe prosecution of their various pursuits, by guarding them ngninst invasion ironi uiiiintit, nnu violence irotu wiimn. the rest, for lho greater part, might be left lo their own energy and enterprise. The chief embarrassments w hich at ihe mom, nt exhibit themselves, have arisen from over action ; and the most difficult task w hich remains to be accomplished, is that of correcting and ovorcom ing its effects. Hotwcen tho years 1931 and 1S39, additions were mad to bank capital and hank issues, 111 the form of notes designed lor circulation. In an extent enormous. Iv great. The question seemed to be. not how the btstciirrencv could be provided, but in what manned the greatest amount ol bank paper could be put in circulation. Thus a vast amount of what was called money since, for the lime being, it answered I lie I purposes ol money was thrown upon tho country; an over isue which was attended, as a necessary consequence, bv an ex Irnv again increase of lbs prices of all articles nf property, the spread ofa speculative mama all over the couii rv. and lias una v ended 111 a peneral indebtedness on Ihe part of Sta'es and indi viduals, the prostration of public and private credit, a depreciation in llm inntket valua of real and person al estate, nnd has left lirge districts of country almost entirely without any circulating medium, in viow nf the fact thai, in 1330, the wdiole bank note circula tion within the United Siatcs amounted lo but SGI.- 'J'.'J,S93, according lo the Treasury statements, and thai an addition had n-en maue thereto 01 inceunr moiia sum of SS3 000.000 in seven years. (Iliecirciila lion on Ihe first nf January. 1337. beine staled nt S 1 19,135,800,) aided bv Ihe great facilities afforded in obtaining loans irom r.uroicaii capiianns, wow weir seized with lbs same speculative mnnla which pre vai ed 111 the United Stales and Ihe arce imports. linns of funds from abroad, the result of stock sales and loans no one can be supriscd al the apparent, bin unsuosinniiai state 01 prosperity which every where prevsiled over lho land ; while as little cause of surprise should bo frit nt Ihe present prnstrntion of every thing, and lho ruin which has befallen so ma ny of our fellow-citizens in the sudden with-dranl from circulnlion of an large an amount of bank is sues, since 1S17 exceeding, as is believed, the amount added lo the paper currency for a similar perim! an tecedent to 1S37, it ceases tn ben matter of astonish inent that such extens've shipwreck should bavebeen iade of private fotlunes, or that difficiilliea should exist in meeting their engagements on ths part nf the debtor siatcs. Apart from which, if there be taken into account the immense losses sustained in the dis honor of numerous banks, it is less a mattrrof sur prise thai insolvency should have visited many of our fellow-citizens, than (hat so many should have esca ped the blijhiing influence oflhe limes. In Ihe solemn conviction of these truths, and with nn nrdenl desire 10 ineel the pressing necessities of Ihe country, I felt it tn bo my duty 10 cause lo be sub milled lo you, at the commencement of ynur late session, the plan of an Kxcheqiier, the who'e power and duly of maintaining which, in purity and vigor, was to be exercised by the Representatives of lbs Peoplo an I the Slates, snd, therefore, virtually by the People themselves. Il wss proposed 10 place il under tha control and direction of a Treasury Itonrd, '? ro"?1" of ihree Comnoasionira, whose duly it should be 10 see that ihelaw of its creation was fsilh fidlyeieeoied nnd ihatih. e,eat end of supplying a paper medium nf esiUn,. ,, all times rinyerliLu into gold and sdver, shouM be tllsinsd. The Board llias soDSMutsJ, tJas'ivsats niKb petm.n.oty as could be Imparted to it, withoutendsnteting the prop er sharoof respousibih y which should attach to all public nccnt. In order to Jnsurc all the advantages of a well-matured experience, Ihe Coniirlissionera were to hold their offices for tho respective periods of two, four, nnd six years, thereby scouting nl all times in tho inanngement of the Exchequer, tho services of two men nf experience 1 nnd lo place llicin in n condi tion tn exercise perfect independence of mind and ac tion, it was provided that their removal should only take place for actual inenpacitv or infidelity In thu trusl, nnd to bu followed by the President w'ufi nn ex position of the causes of such removal, should it oc cur. It was proposed lo establish subordinate boards in each of the Siatcs, under the same restrictions and limitations of the power of removal, wliich, with tho ccnirsi noarii, snoiuu receive, saieiy Keep ann dis burse the public moneys t and in order to furnish a sound paper medium, of exchanfe, Ihe Exchequer should retain of the revenues Of the Government n sum not lo exceed S 5,000,'000 in specie, to bo set apart as required by its operations, ahd to pay the public creditor at his own option, cither in specie or Treasu ry notes, of denominations not less than five, nor ex ceeding one hundred dollars, which noles should be redeemed nt the several places of issue, and lo be re ceivable nt all limes and every where in paymentof Government dues; with a restraint upon such is sue of bills that the same should nol exceed the max twumofli5,00!),000. In order lo guard ngainst all the hazzauls incident to fluctuations in trade, the Secretary of thoTrensii ry was invested with authority to issue 85,000,000 of Government slock, should lho same nt nny lime be regarded ns necessary, in order lo place beyond hnz zard the prompt redemption of the billa whie.hmig'it be thrown into circulation. Thus in fact making the issue nf 813.000,000 of Exchequer bills, rest subslan lially on 410,000,000; and keeping in circulation nev er more than one and one half dollars for every dol lar in speck When in this it is added that the bids are not only every where receivable in Government dues, but that the Government itself would be hound for their ultimata redemption, no rational doubt can exist that the paper which the Exchequer would fur nish, would readily enter into general circulation, and be maintained st all limes at or above par with pold and silver; thereby realizing Ihe grcal want of llm age, nnd fulfilling the wishes oflhe People. In order to reimbursojhe Government expenses of the plan, it was proposed to invest the Exchequer with the limited authority to denl In bills of exchnnce, unless prohibited by the State in which an ngency might he situated, having only thirty dav tn run, nnd rcslingnn a fnir nnd fconn Itebasi. ThoLegis laiivo will on this point siijht be si plainly announc ed as tn ovo:d all prelert for partiality or favoritism. It was furthermore prrpnsnl to invest this Treasury agent with authority If receive on depoite, to a limi ted .amount, the spece funds nf individual, nnd to grant certificates thsref r, to be redeemed nu presen tation, under tho i let, which is believed to be we'l founded, that such ccrtificalcs would come in aid ol tho Kxcheqiier bills in lupplying a safe and ample pa per circulation. Or, if in p'aeeof the contemplated dealings in ex change, the Excbcquershould be authoriz'd not only lo exchange its bills for actual deposites of specie, hut for specie or its cquiialentto sell drafts, charging, theiefor a small but rjasonable premium. I cannot doubt but that the benefits of the Law would be speed ily manifested in ihe revival of the credit, .trade and business of the whole country. Entertaining this opinion il becomes my duty lo urge its adoption up on Congress, by reference to the strongest conside rations of the public interests, with such alterations in its details as Congress may in its wisdom see fit to make. I am well aware that thisDronnsed alteration nnd amendment of ihe laws establishing the Treasury Department has encountered various olncction, and that nmons others it has beetinroclainied a Govern ment Hank of fearful and daiwcfuu import. It is proposed to confer unon it no extraordinary powers. It purports to do no more than pay the debts of the iiovernmenl with Ihe redeemable paper 01 ine uov eminent in wliich respect il accomplishes precisely what Ihe Treasury docs daily at this time, m issuing In the puhlic creditors the Treasury notes which, un der law. il is authorized In issue. It has nn resem blance tnanyordinarybank.asil furnishes no profits to private stockholders, and lends no capital to indi viduals. If it be obiectfd lo ns a. Government FtanV, and Ihe obje'lion be nvaila' le dhen should all the laws inrelalion 10 the Treasury he rcpeabd, and the capacity of the Government lo called what is due to it, or pay what it owes, he abrogated. 1 his ts lho chief purposeof the proposed I.xclieq- ucr; and surely it, in i'i accomplishment 01 a run pose s essential, it affird a sound circul itmg me.li utn to lho country nnd facilities to trade. 11 should he regarded ns no slight recommends lion of it to public consideration. Properly guarded by the provisions of law. it can run into no daneernus evil, nor can nnv abuse arise under it but such as th" legislature itself will he answerable for, if it be tolerated ; since it is but the creature oflhe law, nnd i susceptible at all : r ..,! 1 . . 1 . . 1. - nines 01 mniuicnuo'i, anienomcm or repeal 111 1110 olcnsure of Cone-res. I know thai it has been ob jected that the system would hcliahle lo be abused by the Legislature, hy whom aloneit count ne anusra, in ihensrlv conflicts of lbs da. That such abuse would manifest ilsell in a change of the law which wntild nuthoHzflnn eceesi , nf naoer for the purpoe of inflating prices and winning- popular favor. To that it may hennawrrcd thnt the s-erintion of soclt n motive to Cnnarctl ia altO'rcltieri'raliitlno nnd infld. missible. The theory nf our institutions would lead u. loadiilcrem conclusion.. , lint .1 ni-rfW-t aarnpitv irrsimait TrnM,iinm ms I iV?9 would befou-ul mcxiat in tSe vpry nimre nfthf a l.:-- yi i:.: i i' l i ' i i . i ; .h. 'in, m . o r;, o "i , nn expedient, would inevitably meet with n final over- turowinine rict mar, the moment the paper censed to e converhblc into specie, or otherwiss promcily redeemed, it would become woribles, nnd wo il l, in ihe end, dishonor ihe (avernncnt. involve the pco phi in ruin, nnd such political pirty in hopeless dis grace. At the name time, sum a view involves Ihe utter impossibility of furnishinf any currency other than ihal of the precious metals; for, if the Govern ment its-ilf cannot forego the temptation of excessive paper issues, wint reliance enn b placed in corpora nous i upon whom the temptations of individual ag- peel that thov will do so, is not at all encoiir dizenient would most stttngly operate? The1 . ,. ' , ' '111111111 lVople would have to blnme nine but themselves for am inpirv ihal might arise from n course so reckless, since their agents would be ihe wrong-doers, and they the passive spectators. There can be but three kinds of public currency st,Gold and silver'; 2d, Ihe paper of Stale iuslilu tions; nr. 31, a reprcsentativeof ihe precious metals, provided by the Gmernl Government, or under ils authority. The Sub-Treasury' system rjected Ihe last in any form; and, as it was believed that no re liance coiil I be placed on the issues of local institu tions, for the purposes of general circulation, it neces sarily and unavoidably adopted specie ns the exclus ive currency for ils own use. And Ihis mii-t eicr lie lliecj u unless one nf tlie other kinds beiisul. Tlie choice, in ihe present state or public sentiment, lies between nn cxclusivo pecio currency on tho one hnnd, and Government issues or some kind nn llio other. That these issues cannot be ma le hy a char tered institution, is supposed In bu conclusively set tied. They must be made llien, directly by Gjvern ment agents. Kor several vears past they have been thus made in tha form ofTreasury notes, nnd have answered a valuable purpose. Their usefulness has been limited by their being transient and temporary; their ceasing to beur interest al given periods, necessarily causes their speedy return, and thus restrict their rang.! of circulation, and, being used only in the disbursements or the Government, Ihey cannot reach thosti pomls where they are most required, fly rendering iheir use permanent, to the moderate extent alrrady mention ed, by offering no inducermnlfirlheirreturn.andbv exchanging; tbeni for coin and other values, they will constitute, 10 n certain extent, the general currency so much neided to maintain the internal trade of the country. And Ibis h ihe Exchequer plan, so far as it may operate in lurnislnng a currency. 1 cannot for go die occasion 10 uige its importance tn tlio credit of lho Goiernnumt iu a financial point of view. The groit iKiceasitv of resorting to every proper and beconiine expedient in ordir to place the Treasury on a footing of Ihe bihest respectability, is entirely obvious. The credit of the Government maybe regarded as the very soul of the Government ilsell a principle of vitality without which all its movements nre languid and all ils operations embar rassed. In Ibis spirit the Kxcculive felt itself bound by the most imperative Sense of duly to submit lo Congress, at its last session, the propriety of making a specific pledge oflhe land fund, t the basis for Ihe negotiation tnhe loans authorized to be contracted. I then thouybt that such an application of the public domain would without donht, haveplaced at the com mand of the government ample funds to relieve the Treasury from the temporary embairassmenls under winch 11 labored. American credit haa Buffered a cnnalderatil altAel. in Knrope, from tho large indebtedness of the Slates and the temporary inability of some of them 10 meet thoinlerest on their debts. The inter and disastrous prostration of ihe United Slates Hank of Pennsylva nia, had eoatribuled largely lo increase the sentiment ofdisirust by reason of the loss and ruin sustained by lho holders of , tock, Urge portion of whom were fonigneis. nnd many of whom were alike igno rant of our pobtical organization, and of our actual responsibilities. It wasiho anxious desire oflhe F.x ceiuivo that, in Jhniflort lo negotiate the loan abroad. the American pegoliator mighl be able In point the moneylender to Ihe fund. mortgaged for the redemp. lion nf the principal jddjpieiesi of any loan he might iui.mui n, 1 wivrruy vinuicaieiiio ijuvcrnmeiii ironi all suspicion of bad faitbor.lnability to meet its en gagements. Conarese diuercd from Ibe Executive in this view of inesiinieci. 11 necoinrs nevertheless, the duly oflhe I'.xccinive 10 resort in every expedient in us power 10 negotiate the authorired loan. After a r,lr mj. in the American maikel. a citizen of high rharactcr ...... in,, , nn ,,, u,,,,,n won no oeiter success; and thus the morlifvint snectaele haa Keen nreentd oflhe inability of ihis Government lo obtain a loan so small as not in the whole to imniiiii t mnn tloin one lourlh of its ordinary annual income ; it a time when Ihe Governments of Europe, although involved in debt, and with iheir aiihjecle heavily burdened with Inxallon readily obmin loans of any amount al a greatly reduced rate nl interest. It would be unprcfi able 10 look further into Ihe anomalous slate ol thiegs, but I cannot coneluds wnheut adilnf ttal, fvr a Gatsiuairni which bis pnidofTitsdcblsof two wars wilh the largest matilino I nnieer r,f tt.irnnn nnd ,,,,u nu.,.. . .1. t, .. I. ..I. i. , I. , r. - - " " '"r. " " "invii 13 ne most next to nothing when compared w ith its bound- less resources, a Government the slmiiftiM in lho world, because eminci.inllng from the popular will, ; nnd firmly ranted in tho nflculions nfn grmt nnd freo , people, and whos fidelity toils engigemenls has nov-1 cr been question id for such a government In havo tended lu thu eimtalisls nf other countries nn nonor. ' tiiiiiiy tor n small invesimetii in it smelts, mill let lo b ivu failed, implies i tih.r the most uni'mmd "d ill trust in lis good Inilh, or u pin pose, In obtain which the course Pursued istl.e most fatal which mold haie been ndonled, It has now becomu obvious tonll men Ibat I brt Government iniMt look In its own titp.ina Tor i supplying it wants, and It is consoling to l.now thnt these means arc altogether ndequate for the object. Thn Exchequer, if adopted, will greatly aid in bring ing aboul this result. Upon what 1 reg.aitl as a well- loiinncu supposition thnt it lulls would be rccihly sought by tho public ctcdilors, nnd that the i?ue would in a short lima reach die mnsinitmi nf&l",. 000,003, it isobvious Ibat 810,000 000 would thereby ue auaea mine available means ortho treasury with out cost of charge. Nor can I fail In urgo lho great and beneficial effects which would bo produced in aid of all tho active pursuits of life. lis effects upon the solvent State banks, while it would foiceinto liquida tion inns ot an opposite cnaracier inrn gn us ueelc ly settlements, would bu highly beneficial; and with the advantages of a s itmd currenev. ilm restorition of confidence and credit wot id follow, with n numer. ous train ol blessings. My convictions are most strong that thce benefit would flow from the adop tion of lips measure; but if the result shuitld bead verse, there is this security in connection wilh it, that lho law creating it may be repealed al ihe plevure of the Legislature, without the slightest implication of its good faith. I recommend tn Cnniress tn like intn ennMern. tion the propriety of reimbursing n fine imposed on Gcnernl Jackson nt New Orleans m ihe lime of ihe nltack and defcti'dif that city, nnd paid by him. Without designing any reflection on thcjiidicia'l mint nil which imposed llin fine, the remission nt this iliy may rot neregardud as unjust or inexpedient, the voice of tho civil authority wns beard nniidt the glitter of arm, and obeyed by those who held the sword, thereby giving .additional lustre to a memora ble military achievement. If lho laws were olfended, their majesty wan fully vindicated nnd nllho' the penally incurred and paid is worthy of little regard in n peeoninrv point of lie.w. it can hardly bo doubted thnt it would be grnlifvtng lo Ihe war worn vela nn, now in retirement nnd in tho winter of bis dni, to bo relieved from Ihe circumstances in which Hint judg ment nlaccd him. Tncro are casos in which tuiblr functionaries may be called on lo weigh the public interest against their o-.vn personal hazirds; nnd if the civil law he violated from praiseworthy motives, or nn overruling sense nf pubic danger nnd p ibhc necessity, punishment may well be restrained withpi that limit which asserts nntl iniintnin the authority nf the law, and the subjection of the initiinry In the civil power. The defence of New Orleans, while it saved a city from the bands of the enemy, placed the nam of General Jackson among those (if the great captains oflhe age, and illnslrnled onetif Ihe bright est pages of our history. Now that the causes of ex- citementexisting nt the lime have ceased lo operate, it is be teved that remiss on of this fine, and whatever of gratification thai rrmissi n might cause the emi nent man who incurred and pam it. wmiiu ne in ac cordance with the general feeling and wishes of the American peopJ a I have thus, fellow.eitizens, acquitted myself nf my duty under the constitution, by laying before vou, as siiccinllv as I have been able, the state of tho Un ion, nnd hy inviting votir attention to measures nf much importance lo the country. The Executive will most zealously imi c its eflorls wilh those of I legislative department in lh accomplishment of nl that is required lo relieve the wants of n common constituency, or elevate lho destinies nf a beloved coun try. JOHN TVLER. 11'ai.aingon, Peccmbrr, IS 12. FillDAV MOrtNI.N'G, DliCHMCnU 1C, 1342. THE MESSAGE. Tito Messatrc of President Tyler will ho found in otir columns to duy. lis stylo is simple and tiiKiiiiliiiion?, nnd, in this regard, will do us, in lho liinpungo of thn Express, no discredit either nt homo or abroad. 1 1 is exposition of our foreign lehitions is quilt! satisfactory, and his remarks upon utir do mestic condition arc, in uur judgment, ap propriate and just in the main. The Army, tho Navy, nnd tho Post Office Department are represented to bo in a cood condition. and tho President endorses llio utliiiinisini tions of their respective officers with cheer- fulness alio pleasure. Tlio Exchequer pro- II Jccl ,s ngain recommpiulud ns a riMiiodv for . - um ov,is wi,ic" w vnc, n...i his recommendation is enforced with new ar gnments urged wilh ability anil point. Deeming the issue now lo lie between thc Exch etj'ior and tho Sub-Trtiasurv, wo go for thn former as vastly preferable to lho latter, and wo hope Congress may yet bo injuceil to give it n trial, though, we confess, tho pros- J. a iireoctijui too i iestuem upon the TarifTaro very tolerable for si Virginian. Ho goes for revenuo duties with a " wisp dis crimination" in favor of our own industry and labor and urges, besides, that tho sys tem, to bo productive of good, slum!,! he pennantnt. His remarks upon tho Ware housing System we especially approve, ii'id endorse, with pleasure, the following just communis fiom the JSostim Atlas: "Tho best part of lho Mess lire and it U one which wo allooethcr approve, is that in which, when speaking of our present Tariff, he strongly recommends lho Warehousing system. Mere common justice to our im porting merchants appears to us lo demand the adoption of such a si stem. It is mani festly unjust fur tho Government lo require of the merchants tho payment of duties on nil importations in cash al lho moment of en tering their merchandise. While thu impor ter is obliged, in most instances, lo keep hi goods on limit!, lor it coiiMilcr.ihl ll'll'Mll Ot time, to find a nurchaser.aiid then to sell ihem : .. '. . . ,","Mlll",-m 011 ii long i retiu, wiiii tut ine Itazartl ol loss, to oblige him lo take his goods and pay tht tioverument the pormin which it expects of linn, in money, is a reipiisiiiou of manifest injustice and we will certainly lend Presi dent Tyler what little aid wo can, to redress this grievance. " OPhMONS OF TIIK PKESS. Wo cut the following extracts from seve ral of tho leading Loco Foco papers of the country, thnt our tenders may understand the signs of tho times, nnd that all may sen how sincere tho Loco Focus have been in their professions of regard for Captain-Tyler. Thu following is from thu Washington Globe : I'RK'-lDr.NT'S MMSSACK. Wo have had barely limn lo glance lluoueli the President's Message before pultun; it lopuss. In its tlyle nnd character, nsnnulliri.il paper, il certainly rises above Us predecessors from the same quarhr tint we canned say that, in ibe additional perspicuity and strength itnpailed lo the Kxcculive d'cmm-nt, we havo an equal earnest uiven of nnnd political views. We must confess that Ihe pew ability wilh which the bad inrasiiaes effected .-tie defended, ami thou in con templation are lugcd, is only etitlrnce thnt n rinsier influence prevails, niul will continue lo prevail, in the Adiimiuiratmn, utieiiyirusirauns ine s'iti ine hopes entertained by itisny, ihnl Iremociaiic proles-ions ot faith were lo bo followed by good works. The lead ins; features of the message, however plausibly d,s puiaetl. are llrilhk. nol American. lie asu our Trailers in torn to too letter 01 an American in London, which wo copy from Ibe New Vork l-Ivenina Post,) and compaie lho aspect of the treaty as exhibited on ibe p.uiop.-nn tht aire, uhcre its tendencies are fully displayed and uiidci stood, ui'h Ihe vcilod but plausible prevutalion nt it mm in Ihe inessace. We have surrendcreil evervilnpi', and set- IIVW Bin J i,iti , ,, -nto.a, 11,,,, ui oiiiuiiii, ur ,ur as tha thought Ci t bring mstttrs 10 a couckaion to save onrst lvcs and all Christendom from n war, 1 ..I I.. I'. I I,.. .. ' nu mi; Homy tun j mm nil, e II till i 1 1 (III, I i .llio u Into held bai k Iriin th" hi gotruion tho t.ihcr vast inPicts to which llnthiiil wns nol prcpir-d Ionium her el nuts, lint shu might Imu lime lo fnrlify her strength in lite new eoncess.ons made her : nnd. by adding (rc; to nippoit the long iiosm ssou l.y whii li she t tipciuiij a cl mil tu our vvliulu do.in.iii on thu 1'neifie. Hut wo leave tbi point of forig!i policy, on which llritish influence pieitulcd over tliu Irue spnit'd pi triolim an 1 indepelpLneo In tnll the tend I'sntleii- unit lo thu rem wed proposuion totiilupi thu c.xcinq. her system, boirnKtd Ironi Ihe same sourte. It will bo seen Ihiilit Is thu identical project paper money, discounting, exchange, funding, and nl which lr. Wr-csTKn lold bis friends in I'.ancuil Hall linbad shap ed out, nnd could answer for, us a mechanic; could for an implement or Ins own making. The puoeiplo which lies nl lho luttoni nf this and nil such schemes of Government relief lolho people t isimply lho rob bery of thegrcat body of Ihe people, lint, through it, tho active, liliunirili.-, speculating lew, who live ny ih'tr win, tuny bu relieved and enriched by ihe spoil. ... , , , I ff'mna. .1 i i-i I tin Hfit nlniiuiKHii nun .m-iio nf t tin tuinnl. i tiovernmi nis urier nave, m any ago or eoumry, in for any other pttrposo than lo blip one class tho ( s'liiiiu, tie.xtroiis peniry at utc capensa oi anoiiui class the honest, laboring many, who produce all i lie wealth ot the nation. Such : a svs'eni neier beca'l nnv where without ending in issuing ns much paper ns would circulate, and without one dollar lo redeem it. l'mm the I'oston Morning Post. The exchenuer sehe'eo we cannot approve. Wc I cnntiot see how it isloguen sound public currency.or toicinaiiiftfcfiom ihu charge or having an iinsatin J i piineinlo ly ng nt Us basis. Thu runi-tiry il would , furnish cnnnol be n permanent one, for it is not based upon a specie basis -dollar for dollar, lit'tidest il assumes what is not a fid. lh.it goiernmcnt bus nol il. moils duly in relilion io furnishing a currmev. This is already provided for. It is tho constiiutional currency; ine bird money currency, ihe censt in tion proiiiles th it Congress shall have power to coin money nnd regulatelis yaluo and the value of foreign coins. 1 1 Ins d mo Ibis: wisely, cfiHontiv. Ilirei n rnciilating medium that lho world regards ns of permanent la tie. Just so far ns Oongrcr-s, by legis- Iftlotn. I, tive wandered ftom the t-lllltde pr"V l-iolis oT the constitution, nt just so much tiavuthe peoplo nur fctrcd fiom its elllcls. And the proposed exchequer scheme I nuneiior to the paier money schemes thnt hale preccedid it in Congress only In litis: that it docs not proposr-to give authority lo thus.) who nre to control it to po so fir in issuing lulls ns other schemes have gone, yiill, it is io ntithoiiZv1 the is. sue of n paper currency a eirciilali-m of fifteen mil lions founded upon a -per ic bat-is of file million, with power toe-ill tolhcaid. tit crtsunl cmergi nev, anoth er five millions m government stock. Ilnr bi"idis this, there is the objection' I" fi mure of exeban' c; smooted down w ith the platis.blc if it eirn is phtisi ble promise that the bills lo bepiiielinsul areto ren nn'y thirty days, and lo n'leii n 1 1 r nnd fcana oasis, i in may cem nl nrst sight nut a smalt innt ter. I'ut nfier .ill it is n maihine t-nt avarice and commercial greediness can lav hold of with irenien. tlous elojct. Mitsiness men will m Ic at tbeiromisc that no bills ire to be meddled wilh saic only those resting; tin nn actual basis. A new set of nie.i inut arise before ihis idea can be carri-d out. Ourthrewd et brokers eien cannot as vet Inrnisli them, in n nothing of ihu cupi lity or shuiwdniss of tin i who nre too hkrly lo nccrpv uch places w ip' t men whose litln lo them will proh ihly be f tl' ofien zealous partisan t M'iri, as business shrewdness. Uul mote of this hereafter from the Albany Argns. As regnrds the President's nxeheouer scheme. which is the sebpcl most labored tn ihe message, whnteier ipsy bi the views of tho piijirityin r.'.ot grtss.it wil' sei eilv command the siipnoi t ,.f ihe dsuioeraiie minority, in llu; shape m wlpcli it is pie senteil. Il is imi their plan for the colleelion, safe keeping, and disbursement of th" puldi-re'enue. Neither is tl lo he i-n lirin -d. even il inetimted for tl he o auctioned with th- de-iii or ep et itiou that it can suriive a trial, and become t!u settled fin mcpil policy oflhe gotcrmiieiit. Tnere arc other parts of tin m-ssij wbijh wc shall lake another opporiunliy to notice. Such, uccurdiiij.' to their accredited or- frans, are the present tendencies of lite "p ent Deinocialic parly." Whatsiys tlie " Hcn- tinel ? Is our neighbor a " Da.iacrat," or u T ler man ? lit pause fur a replij. VAN iJL'KCNlS.U. Tho Sentinel of week before last, pub lished the prospectus of tho Mudisomun, and o-dent.ttiotisly directed public intention lo thai fact, in an editorial. ISefm e lilt: pub lication of that paper last week, however, the Post Master at this place sent in a utile 10 .Mr. Winslovv requesting him tu add al the bottom of his advei lUcmunt, thai ''aitbsii ip tions would bu luceivod tit ihu Post OlVtce, and money fuiuaidej for ihe .M.idisoiii.io free of charge" 11I111.I1, sdiango to' say, Witislow tliclincd ! and icithdnu the ad vertisement ultngithcr ! Tho idea of lite M,idi5oina:i'a gelling ito ciieulaliuu was the last tiling thu Sennuel had in lieiv. Il uieiely meant to indicate ils fi leutisiiiji 1'jr the administration by directing public uiienlioii to tho court Join null islulu it proved ils fidelity 10 .Mr. Van lnueii by pteieuliii,,' tiny unu's subscribing i'oi il ! Apt iliiislialion ol Van IJuieuisiii Miiclly iu keeping uitli the piaciicu of ils confidential oigau heie, the Sentinel. Suiely, tho Piesident cannot overlook such dismicieMcU sturijtcis iu his bull, ill'; nor can iMr, Jones, of tlio .Madisoni 111, fall lo uppieci.iio thu source ol any I'uluiu ad ditions Ilial 11111) ucciuu lo his aubsciipiiuu lil ! THAT PETITION. The Sunlinel copies the queries of our coi respondent " '1 ilir" iu referenco lo Winslow's pelilion for ihe removal of our Post Mublei, lo make 1 00111 fur himself, and puis in the follow iug denial, based doubtless upon thu technical latiguagu of the queues. l " 1,1, w , tu",. 1, C.irrlin inirii.ttf.i .tC c. tl.n 1 UlsUMjlloll IIKKOV t'Ullteltd at, ,111 11.1 laulR.I M..c- i NO u"1'' lu our kl'Jrtl'-'U'';t llJ' aiumi.t- ed, or eien liiouhl ot .1M.0 t.w reoloi.it 1 1 1,1 1 pieM.li, l'usl .tlualci, uu theiouild llu ll.ts lllallliulcd in lusqutiy. bo juu lua Ltiur luukjiioiiuriiuli ul toe 1011 oow. "As ,0 lho whining and personally abusive com. nieiits which 1110 I.jiioi ;i 010 ',-,,. . naa iu.iJd utioa it vicit r;ucry, ic(iub ituui otc-i." If the " peistiual abusu" alluded to, con sisted the doubts ue e.piesscd us to his con descending to thu meanness slated, wu will take it all back; for, notwithstanding the above denial, wu uie now compelled to lie lievo the "report" true, even lo lho letter. So that account is balanced, lint as the ' oilier point, wo ate now enabled 10 tiale positively, uu thu nuthoiily of ihosn who saw and read tho petition, that the m.iin (and we believo only) reason inged against the present incumbent, was, tho alledged one, that he was connected u ith the press, 11 11. 1 thallhat press had made severe sliicluris on tho Pionidenl. For thu truth of this, ne appeal to a score of honorable men, who have the means of knowing. Admitting the objections lo be well applied, as regards tho present incumbent, wilh what excellent grace do they come, when urged in favor ol' lho editor, owner and publisher, of tho Sen tinel, who, during thu few years ho shared 111 tho spoils of tho Post oflico devoted his paper to tuu most unmeastircti ami scum-1 Ions nbuso of Tiler, Webster, Spencer, dishing, and Wicklifl'e and at it hose door ho now presents I imself, a political mendi cant, humbly suing for nn ofilco, on lho t 1 1 tronje ground thnt a jtrinter ought nor to l,!,l ,,,, """I llllf, No lirninli.-M fcriilo than Win low's, t.'V(;r romvivi'd jo rit'li lit) lilca. A CASK. The etliinr 0f t, gontint'l having .r.Mnli li!ioil hi claim lo nn uflicii hy b;lvcrliting tint iM.tdisutii in 1 iliinks ii now only necet-s-iry lu shiny that sumo iiicmnhi'nt is not i. limc'-scrxiiig, liucKliiig timl contpnipliblo party lini'k ns himself, tu sccuruh's object. To this onil I io quotes n ;ir;igr.tph from our column, of Sept. last, refleciing .severely up on tlio I'rPMitliMit, ntttl attempts lo fix it u6rt' lho Post Muster. Cut, Winslotv knpws, and overy tiiun in ihis community knows, that Mr. Slncy wits tit that timo fivt hundred " "Miiiiiia tiuu ihiu nu inuru ID " ' uo with thu nrtirlo ill question, tiiun the man in tho moon. Nuy. more. Im kiwtcs. that iiiiinotliiittily upon Mr. Smcy's return, ho withdrew tho. list of lellefs from tho Freo Press, mi thn ground of thnt pithliciititin, nnd gnvu it to tho Sentinel. Comment is unnec essnri . " sccoil'il), llio Buntinrl quotes lor IhO tn or fotlilh time, out! of tho resolutions" . , , . ' ' -'"" iliJuptuu by 1 1.0 County Convention last ,,,,,,,,, ;,,,. ,t. c .., ,i. , tf i j "lid Cites lho fuel libit wo published it as furnished in tlio official proceedings, without garbling, as a crowning act of politi cal tin pitude,ihe piinih'iient for which ouqlit, of course, to he visited upon the Post-Mas-lei! To a man accustomed to lianjjas, a tncro otcrnsencn upon liis puny without OI10 thought of his own, or manliness onoogh to express il, if ho In.! wIm never expresses an opinion on any political subject until tho :iin is given at head-quarters who is id llio daily habit or uiirblntg official tlurunients, and Mippiessing eveiy lliitio not deemed nc cepbililt! io party leaders in short, ono who has no iinliiiihialily, no moral existence, but merely vegetates, as he is acted upon hy tho political elements around him we say, to such an one, the crime charged, U one of heinous aspect. What! the editor of a pn. per civ,, publicity 0 thc deliberate opinion of lw people iii-convention assembled; and those opinions loo, conflicting wilh tlio Ex ecutive I Well does lho Sentinel stand nc quitled of any such imputations. How tri umphantly might it ciloa lunsr catalogue of Clinging services at tho foolstool of power, and chulletiL'o the world in show that it had ever hesitated at any measure, of party, or lisped a word adverse to Executive dictation. And then uiih whit sell-urntidaiion might the bentinel relef tn Pntliol limes tell 1(HT ! hunted down every political opponent, tltat id mil " sympelliise, " how it itivatled even the domestic fireside fur ils victim, ave, then recount how submissively it swallowed Mr. Van Huron's neutrality law and denun ciatory prod imutiim, without daring to opo ils lips or way its tongue. Yea, as a crown ingjuwell iu its diadem of infamy, nnd as in striking contrast with tlie crime imputed us, let the Sentinel lefer lo thu fact that, when in 1810, its parly adopted among oilier reso lutions nl Williston, one iu favor of a protec tive tariff, the resolution was EXPLWG ICD from the proceedings published in lira Stntinol ! because it w ns mil uYcmt'tl accep table 10 Mr. Van Huron ! Against such a catalogue nf service, wo enter no competi tion. We'd " sooner he a do;, and bay tho moon, than such a llonian. " Dot if our neighbor wauls leitimuni.ils, no are at his servk-o; and if his case is faiily presented, ho will ditiib'.lesi get an office it hen manly independence, iuieority, and a just appreci ation of lho rights and duties of freemen, ceasu to be icg.irded as cardinal virtues. In tht! mean lime tec arc content with " singularity " of expressing- our oicn opin ions, anil "ivii; Aiii-Jt.iiil f.iithful utter ance to public.) sentiment, irrespective of it horn it may please or u horn ofiond. iNOW'S Tilt: TIME. The slight fall of snow wc had some ten days since, together wilh some little addi tions since, bus given us u few days of fino .-leighi i";. And 011 Tuesday and Wedr.rs d.iy again, we had a new accession of sonto ei'.'ht or ten inches, 11 Inch now promises a fun! business run. Otiriicroutits fi.nn Mon tie.il, 15 .stun, New Yuik, Hoir.ilo, and the itileiinetltate co.tiitry, till concur in repre senting 11 similar statu of things ; .-mil prob bly there was never a period when tho !cialc northern region was more uuivcrsuiiy favored in this respect. Uut no ate bound to admonish the public, that, in the region of Lake Cliutupl lin, and p.iriicttly, rJutlingion, u e hold our sleighing by a very uncertain tenure ; ami, fair ns In dications now are, a few weeks will very probably hi jug us bare ground, and roads, all but, impassable. Wo have noted us a general rule, that our first run of sleighing is tho best and not uiifieqiic ntly llio ouly one hiiiiIi imiiiiiij.', during tin, n inter. Let those then who have business to transact nt Burlington, bo up and doing ; for, " now' the lime" to do it. Aow's ihe time to bring in that wood, tint grain, pot k, butter, cheese, those loads of hay &.C. Nate's the time to tako out those loads of Flour, salt, iron, nails, and glass, with which our store houses groan audibly. Xoio's the time lo settle up wilh tho me chanic and merchant to lay in llml slock of groceries and other supplies for the sert " ii, and rig out those boys and gills for Christmas nnd New Vears. AWs the time In give lhat wife nn air ing it ho, pale, emaciated and c.irn-tvorn, Ins not, pernaps, lb"'"! ventured beyond tho domestic enth'seuie for n twelve month lo visit that old father and mother (for lho last lime, perhaps,) return that friendly visit, ma 'so those calls, and, in short, ren li.o wo tire social beings. And, finally : IVow'sihc time to pay the Piinler, bestuw our charities, bless God for what wo have, and be thankful that it is no worse with us. SOUTH CABOLINA. On the 2d instant, Mr. McDufl'io was clec tod u Scnntor of lira United Stat (um