Newspaper of Burlington Free Press, February 20, 1846, Page 2

Fly no ffn much. To school, his ms wava.nor instruct nch of studv lie could ! and easts Hecummencul noetic on Tuesday morninjr nnd liiwTfiTn'clflv on Fridav muht I Ami when ha finishes a hook, il isdonc perfectly, lie would not fully t"t don n hU sunn, hit cover Itus stale wiih n nower oi nijurcs, nnu nt once urine a-u me iinawei. The teacher would look on iti nlonihmpnt, unable to keep up with him. or to coaiptehend his operations carried on m his mind Hh Ihe rapidity of lightning, mid then dished on lo ihr slate, no mailer which end firm. His thirst for nil kinds of knowledge is very great. The whole cire'enf the irnces is as familiar to hi n at a lions, hold worV, Hi- father uhlainrd f ir him Gregory's Pic! ions rv of the Arts ond Sciences, in three large talinues. This ork, f ou know, is a tost encye'opedia of kuowledt'e, trpaiin? briefly upon n'l branches of human knowledge. This wajnst the work ho wanted; for an onlhiieof anything is ennuph he ran miko the rest. Il was this hook that fits! gave him a tat for ihc hielicr inaihniaiics. Here he find tho definition of a logarithm, and from this lone ha vent on and made almost an enliro table of them before, ever scring one. One day he rat to his father nnd told liim he wanted to calculate the eclipses and mako an Alma nacl He sail ho wanted some bonks nnd instru ments. Ilisfatlmr tried Input liimnfl'i hut ihe boy followed him into the fields and whithersoever he went. begging for hooks nnd instrument wiih a mosl I ileus anu nil uei Biivi- - affecting importunity. Finally, his father promised to accompany him to Dartmouth Collrge, nnd obtain for htm ifposstb'e, what lie wanted. At this, the boy was qui'c ovcrjicd i s'. much so, that when tncy hove in eiaht nl the College, he cried nit in npturts, "O, iticie it tho Colleje! there are the book-1 there re the instruments !" liul they did not find all they wanlel. Al Norwich, howeur, they made up their c mpliment. On coming home, the boy took fium mere's Astronotnv. onencil it in the middle, rolling it to and fro, nnd dishing through in dry and tedious . formulas, went out at both ends. Ily the way, this is j his usual inorle of Mil Iv. He docs not bacin anv liook at ihc 'ginning, but always in the middle, and then joes nun a rusn noui ways, i nsii-u iiiniii, wiien ue . ...nnJ l.l.lnA nU in , IJ ,1,1 I, 0 tin nil I eomnrehend those coinnhcled formulas which do- pended on previous demonstrations. He replied, he could cenertllv, but sometimes hn "looked back n little." On arfiiini; home, he projected several ei lip ei, and also calculated them through all their tedious operations by figure. This, as all inalheinatieiacs know, involves n knowledge ol labyrinths of mathe matics, and also of formulns and proce-scs most com plicated and diffieu'l. He hit recently made an Al manac for A. D. 1S46. Two editions, the first of levtn thousand copies, and the second of seveeleen thousand, have already been published and neatly all a.ild. Il is but just to younit Safford to sav, that ihe. mts (ellaneius pirt of the Almanac, so fooltsh and devoid of taste, was prepared by a young man employed by the publisher of the wotk. This is a great pity. It it to be hoped that such twaddle will not be carried throueh a third edition. The contrast between lite two authors is too awful. In the Almanac are the calcu lations of two eclipses of Ihc snn, wroushl out wholly by its infant author, besides olhtr valuable tables; especially one showing ihe amount of dutieson wool, under all the tariffs since the formation of Ihe govern ment up to the act of 1842. TnN l,iMe the boy calcu lated alone. And that he calculated, without aid, the two eclipses of the sun, is attested bj the published certificates of judges, doctors, lawvers, and clcruymen. ir .nu 111 h, ,K. Imu'i nllili In rnlcnlnln nn .l!nii anil ern'riin in ntt ila rmrtd 1 it-nulit reeoni. mend them to go to Royalton, Vt., where lie U now to ba seen, and, by a persinal examination, satisly themselves. He will not only bury you, in a minute , beneath a flaod of fibres, Mjns, lanjenls, co-signs . and co-tangents, hut he will use nil the technical terms of mathematics with ill" ereatest nrecision dashing throujh abstruse formulas and narrating every s'ep of h:s work with ease, rapi lity nnd nover fading accura cy. When in his presence, under such circumslan ets, if any one, even tho most learned, can repress t'ie etnoiions of wonder that must struggle in hi soul, an I not feel that he is in Ihe presence of a superior bein', I confis I shall be very much surprised. Not salUfwl with the old "ircuitnus processes olililay, young SatTird is eoustanlly evolving new rules for abridging his work. He has found a new rule by which to calcu'ate eclipes, hitherto unknown, so far as I know, to any malliematician. He told me it would shorten the work nearly one third. When fiaiin? this rule, for two or three days he seemed to be in a sort of trance. One morning, very early, he came rushinR down stairs, not stopping to dreas him, poured on to his slate a s'ream of figures, and soon cried nut in the vrildness of his j y, " O ! father, I have got il ! I have got It I it comes! it comes 1'' 1 q lesitoned him res pecliag this tule. He commenced Ihe explanation. Hit eves rolled spasmodically n their soekets, nnd heenplaincd his work with readiness. To hear him talk s i rapidly, .'and yet eo technically exnet, and so far kbove the coinntehension of nil, save ihe most prafount ma'Hmelician, put to flight all my djubts and fl led me with utter astonishment. Ho said he ilil not know abu new rule would work in all cases, but it yet il had. He also remarked that ihe nearer rnnn llieeline came on. tho ea-ier It was to apply hit rule. Hut young SalfJid'i strength does not he wholly in mathematics. He lias a eorioi menial absorption. II s infant mind drinks iit knowledge as the spnn'ge does water. Cln'mwlty, botany, philosophv, geography and Instil y are- Ins pTt. It docs not 'make inurli difference what question you atk hi n. he answers very readdly. I spoke to him tome ol the recent disomies in chemistry. He un derstood them. I spoke to him of the solidification of carbonic "id gas by I'rof. Johnson, of Ihe We 1 leyan University. He said he understood it. (IIere his eyes flathed fire, and he began to explain the nrncesi. U hen only foui years, he would surround hiineell on the floor wiih Morse's, Woodbndge's, Olneye'e, Smith's, and Malta llrun's geogrsphies, tricing i li 3 in thro igh and compiring them, noting all their points of dillsrenee. His mem try loi is very strong. He has pored over lircgory's Dictory of ihc Arts and Sciences to much that I seriously doubt whether there can nea niiesiion naked him. drawn from either of those im mense volumes, that he will not answer instantly. I aiw the volumes, and utto noticed that he had also left his matlts on almost every page, i asKco 10 sec hit mathematical works. He eprung into his iludy and prudu'ed the (ireenleaf's Arithmatic, Perkiu't Algebra, Mutton's Mathematics, Cummcre's Astron omy and several nautical almanacs. I atked bi n if he had mastered them all. And he replied that he had And an examination of him fur I lie space of two hours convinecJ me thai he had ; and not only so, b it that he had far outstripped them. Hit knowledge is not Intuitive. He is n yaro nnd profound reatoner. In h,a he excels all other geniuses of whom I ever read. lie cannot nnly reckon figures in hit mind with the rapidity ol lightning, b it he reasons, compares, re-x.-ia and wadea at pleasure through all the most biiruta sciences, ana comprehend nnd reduces to ttia own clear and bmf rules, the highe-t msthemati- ..t iinnuUIe. Ilia mind is constantly aclitc. No recreation cr amusement can avail lor any lenglb of time to divert Hint irom meoiai iiion. ueiog imme i.u ,h ttev. t:. X. Simih. of Randoliih. Vt. who wnsacq iointed with Mr. nnd .Mrs. Safford, I had fiee access to the hoy, and ample opportunity for a loag and thorough examination. I went, firmly ex peeling lo be able lo confound him, as previously nrenarnt nWUflf with VUIIOUI lirobU'llH for Ilil Slllu- I Aid not sunDOse it possible for a boy of tin years only lo be able lo play, as with all Ihc higher btancnesot matnemaiict. uut in tins i uiasp pointed. Here follow tome of the q icllont I put to him and t.t iniwHn. t .aid. ran von tell me how manv sec onds old I wat last March the, Uih day, when I wat twentv-teven years old 7 He replied inilenlljr, B3, 255,200." Then mid I, the hour and minute ntndt of a clock are eiacily together at 12 o'clock t when are they next together 1 Said he, at quick at thought, "1 11. .in,,," Anil here I will remark, that I had only li mad i,a sum to him once. He did not care to see it but only lo near ii shiibuhoiu uw o u mnwi I in 7 Let Ihit fact be remembered in connection .'. r th luntr and blind aumt I thall hereaf ter name, and aea if it does not show hia tmaiing r'n.rrjntion and comprehension. Ha would !-rtm th auw menially "d al o on a alata, working 07 ma Drxiew tun un.. i".-, a.. as II- 7dl ttvo isnl that 1 went le. examined tv sacred honor Itr. Smith of Ron- Tirrectnos of this ra- ?noed to disbelieve my nake a tour to Kovnlton, nd the bov and have an onnor- Tiim for themselves. 1 wn inform- d been offered ono thousand dollars a si interest tor a bank not far from his fa- Mr. fnflbid has received manv nreenl nro- als to permit his wonderful eon to he carried round Ihe world for cihibiiion, but lie will not con sent. Gentlemen of wealth have ollerrd pecuniary aid to fiirnishthe boy with books, A.e., especially one of Cincinnati! the patron of the distinguished Pow ers. HF.NRY W. ADAMS. Agent Am. Pible So. Concord, iN. II., J.m., 1610. run snw kkvkmik hii.i,. We lay before our readers in tho following letter front nur Washington correspondent, an ab'tract of Mr. Secretary Walker's new Tariff bil1. It was laid before tho Comtnillne of Ways and llcatm on Wednesday. Uosl. Daily Adv. Washington, Feb. 11, 18 10. Thin day was transmitted to the Committee of Ways and Means a copy of tho new Tariff Act, as arranged under the direction of tho Sec retary of the Treasury aided by gentlemen con nected with Custom houses at New VnrK, Boa ton, Philadelphia and Uiltimore. From the Boston Custom house. Mesrp. B.'idgc, Well, man and Gnurgas; New York, Messrs. Bo gardas, Wahlen and Connelly"; Philadelphia, Messrs. Tryoliel and Stewart; Baltimore, Mess tf. Young and Ytckars. The project is a complete ad valorem bill, in accordance with the report of the Secretary of the treasury, upon which great care anu laoor i-i . , , has been bestowed. Il ls arranged upon a new princip'e, an 1 so classified, by schedule, as to ue eas.. Clirr;e,l nut by officers attached to the Custom houses; and, also, easily amended by Congress, it being so simplified, as by removing an article from one schedule and placing it on another, Ihc object is attained. It is entitled " An act leduring the duties on imports and fur oilier purposes." Following the enactiiigclausetlie bill provides fur the assessing n! Unties at different rates in schedules from A to O, as following J citing in manv o( t,8 leading articles, iz ' Schedule A 73 ver cent, ad ml. Drandy nnd other spirits, distilled from grain or other materinls. Cotdiils, liquors, f-c. and all other spirituous bev erage of a similar haractcr. Sciir.Di-LR B 30 per cent, ad tat. Heady made clothing, nnd wearing apparel of our y description, or whatever material composed, whether male up or manufactured in parlor whole by the man nfneinrer. tailor or seamstress. All article worn by men, women or children, of whatever material compostu, maue up in w title or part by hand. Gloves, milts, stockings, cVc, and all Bimilar arti cles made on frames, of whatever material composed, worn by men, women or children All manufactures nl cotton, woolen, worsted, mo h iir or linen, embroidered or tamboured, in Ihe loom. oroiberwite by machimry, wtlh Ihe needle or other process. Lacrs, galloons, tresses, tassels, knots, stars of gold, silver or other metal. Stamped, printed or painted floor oil-cloth, furnitur Oll-cioin, ana ou oincr uii'iiuui ui wuaievcr uiaiciiai composed . Iron nnd all manufactures of iron. (tins nnd all manufactures of class not otherwise provided for, and of which glass shall be a component materia . All manufactures of marble Snulf, cigars, paper cigarr, and all manufactures of lonacco. "jots, shoes, and all manufactured from leather, or of which leather shall be a component material, and noi oineiwise pimn, Pur hats. cans, muffs. &c and all other manufac. lures of fur, or of which fur is a component tna'erial. All cabinet and household furniture, nnd all maim rnnres of wood not otheru ite provided for. Music and music paper, bound or unbound, fancy note paper, and all otf.tr manutaciures oi paper. Sugar of all kinds. Molnsses. Windsor, castile. and nil oiher sonps. Salad oil, nnd all other olive oils not otherwise pro vided for. Wines of all kinds. Coal. Wilmn. Saxon v. Ilrusttis nndTurkcv carnets. Rai-ins, prunes, fi;s and other fruits, green or ripe, not otherwise provided lor. PriirntMr f! 2.r Tter I Cttt. Oil Tat. All manufactures of wool, or of which wool shall he a component material, and not otherwise provi Hl (or. All manufactures of worsted, or of which worsted shall be a component part, ana not otherwise provi Horl fur. All manufactures of mohair, or of wliieh mohair shall form a component part, and not oinerwi.-e provi f.ir. All manufactures of filk, or of which silk shall bo the component material, and not otherwise proviJeJ lor. Muttons nnd button moulds of all kinds. Venetian, ingrain and other carpets, not otherwise nrnvi'leii lor. rianneis, uaize, uocnincs nnn noor cioin, not ouv ernise provided for, and of whatever material com pi scu. rcllF.DUl.r. w .u percent, aa vat. Tarred and unlarred cables and cotdage. All manufactures of hemp nnd flax, no; otherwise provi led for. All manufactures witol.tvor cotton, not otherwise provided for, plain or printed. Wool, unmanufuctuicd. Hemp, unmanufactured. Jple, sisal-grass, coir and other vegetable aubttan cet unmanufactured and not otherwise provided for. Hals or bonncl9, fur men, women or children, com posed of straw. Chip grass. leaf-rnltan, &r, ic. Sewing silks, raw tilks, whethet in the yarn or pu rified. Keathers and feather beds. Chinese floor malting and matt of all kinds. Earthen, china andlono vvare Foolscap, letter and all other paper not otherwite nrnvided for. 1 kK...l . ..-I. -J Ulan UUUKO, uuuuu ui uih uuiiu. Aim Hrmsedon the skin. Hatleri' furs.dresied or undrested, not on the skin. Shoes composfu wn&iiy oi uuiia runner, lilankcttof all kinds not otherwise provided for. Plain, moulded or pressed glass tumblers, not cut or printed, , Crown, eyunner or nnru winuow kio". Al articles u-eil in dyeing, tanning and coloring, Ac, not in a cru lo stale, and not otherwise provided H" ... . . . . Steel, in bars, plates or sneets. All printed books, pamphlets, magazine', periodi cals and illustrated newtpapers, bound or unbound. Tanned sole leallier, upper leniner, can unu teni skins, tanned nnd drcs-ed t skivert, goat skint, kid skins, lamb skins and all oilier skins pickled, salted, tanned or drctscd, not otnerwisepraviueo tor. Kate wood, eatin wood, mahogany, Ac, unmanu factured. All paintt, tnd painter's oil, (hilly enumerated.) Calomel and all other mercurial preparations. All acids uted for chemical or medicinal purposes, (Vc. Tobacco, unmanufactured. Olive oil, in ca.kt. Oranget and lemons. (schedule I', lOpjr cent ad tal. Raw hides of all kinds, whether dried cr railed when in Ihc hair. Undressed furs of oil kindt when on the tkin. Witchctand pttltof watches, not otherwita pro aided for. Diamonds, rubies, pearls, gems, and other precious stones, wnen not set, Ktpeseed, linseed or hempeead. Ragt of what t ver material. Indigo, cochineal, quicksilver, cVc. Stltpeire, crude, refined or partially refined, t-'oda-ath, barilla, kelp, nttlron, flic. Cream tartar, palm oil, palm leaf, unmanufactured. Gunny clolh. Tin in nlalea nr ahaeta J plie whtnea imporitd, thall not exceed atventy-flva woolen utninti, tna aciutl vaiua or which ai ma IUnu tlcn .... r r ...i rore, copper in pigs or ban, copper fil only manufacture!. pig, bars or block". tcwlcr, When otu anu oniy m io " stones, and burr-stones, clay unwrought. I, gum arnoie, gum aeiiegHi, uu, uou,ti shellac, lac die, &c. Ibutr. O, free. , ?les the growth, produce or manufacture, of ine exported to a foreign country, and brougni ,i.H tr c: tonal nnd hqusehold cfiecH, not mercnanane.oi bS,t the V,L,.?.,,.,.lt.u''',,;,er,oVai An.e...... Its. residing abroad. . ir.,,;nna nnd ia uai y, ui f rtn nnd coffee, when Imnorted direct from the rlflce of their growth or production, in Americnn vea- telt, or in foreign vcs-elswhcn entitled by reciprocal treaty, to 'ho exempt Irotn discriminating duties, ton nage and oilier charges. Cofl'ee, tho growth or production of the Netherlands in ine same manner. Household effects, old and In use. of persons or fam ilies immigrating from foreign countries, if-c. nnd not intenaeo lor sale. Specimens of Natural History. Whnle and other Fish oils of American fnhcrics. Animals imported for breed. Adhesive Felt fot sheathing vcse!s. Sheathing metal and sheathing copper. Copper when imported for coinnge. tiuano Fiesh Fish SALT Ham Cotton (nreat revenue anticipated on ine importation ol tins aoutn em staple.) All unenuntcratcd articles pay twenty per cent ad vat. 'I ho act repeals, after the 1st nf October next when it is proposed to go into chuct, tho draw back paid on foreign suirar refined, in the U. S, and on spirits distilled from foreign molasses. It also repeals the bounty on pickled lull and vessels engaged in the liberies. 1 lie bill enumerates many articles never be lore embraced in a tariff act ; and I have alone sent you a mora full abstract of the same than will liavo left the city Tor the correctness of which I stand sponsor, as it is conied from the bill itself. All other statements published will be as noted down from the recollection of gen tlemen engaged in preparing it, and therefore may be incorrect, limited in detail as they are. CONGRESS. SAtl'kdat, Feb. 7. The House, immedi- atoly after assembling, went into committee of the Whole nn tho Oregon question. mr irumau smith having the floor, made a very able speech on Oregon. He might go for the Notice with a proper modification. Mr buna of S. C:., went for the Notice. Mr Atkinson nf Va-. also wont forth.) Notice. Mr f Vies of Ohio. too. went for thn Notice. and War, which could be paid for by our Stale debts to Fnglnnd. Hero the Presidant's messaio was received with the correspnndance, Read and referred to committee of Whole ordered printed. Mr Burt of S. C. follows. His noiition not easily understood. Mr Uavis of Ky., made a very able sneech in opposition to tho Notice. He was followed by Mr ReidofN. C. Mondav, Feb. 0. The House of Uenrcsen. tatives agreeable lo a previous vote, voted on the resolutions undernoalh to tnrminatn tho joint tenancy of Oregon. 1 no proposttoit of Mr. Hilliard, vesting the President with ptmcr to riie tho notice whon he saw fit was votod doivn : but it will bo seen that the impressive word '"forthwith" in the 4lli line of tho 1st resolution is ommittcd. It was struck out on motion of Mr. J. C. Ino-ersoll. Hits restores in virtuo tho resolution of Mr. Hilliard and makes the resolves as they have passed, very harmless affairs. They were adopted bv a vote of 103 to 51 and aro as fill lows ; Resulted by the Senate and House nf Repre tentaliies nf the United States of America in Congress afsembl'd, That the Presideat of the United Stktes cause notice to be given to the Government of Great Britain that the conven tion between the United States of America and Ureat Uritam, concerning the territory on the northwest coast of Amer.ca, west of the Stiny Mountains', of the Oth of Augus!, 1827, eigned at London, shall bo annulled and abrogated twelve months after giving said notice. 2. lHi be it farther Resolved, That nothing herin contained is intended to interfere with the right and discretion of tho proper aulhnri. liet of tho two contracting parties to renew or pursue negotiations for an amicable settlement of the cotroversy respecting the Oregon Ter ritory. In tho Sonalo, Mr. Westcott finished his speech on the Navy and Augmentation Bill. Mr. Ciss justified tiia former remarks upon the necessity of preparation, by an appeal to the correspondence just transmitted. Mr- Mangum expressed his regret, that the President had takeu his stand against arbitra tion. Tucsdat, Feb. 10. Senate. Mr Speight presented certain declaratory resolutions of the Legislature of Mississippi, in relation to Ore gon. Tho resolutions were not instructive lo the Mississippi Senators, but vouched tho read iuess of that Hale to stand by the General Gov eminent, &c. Mr Chalmers gave his hearty concurrence in the resolutions, and pledged himself to carry out the wibhes of the state. Alt Dix presented several memorials from citizens of the U. S., holders of certificates fur Mexican indemnity referred to tho Comni.tlee on Foreign Relations. Mr. Bunion tubmitted a resolution, which was adopted, that the President be requested to communicate to the Senate a copy of the lutter of the agent of tho United States m Mexico.rcl ative to Ihe payment of the -lib ami 5th instal ment of Mexican Indemnity, and also all the in. formation he possessed in the premises. Tho clerk of the House brought in tho Joint Resolution passed yesterday by that body in reference to Oregon ; read and referred to thu committee on Foreign Rulitinns. Mr Hannegati moved that 80,000 extra rop ict of the correspondence between Mr Paken. ham and Mr Buchanan be published for the use of the Senate. The motion lies over. The morning hour havin2 expired. Mr Cass called up the special order assigned for this day, being the subject of Oregon. Mr. J. M. Clayton hoped that the Steamer Bill would first ba dispost'd of, but on dividing, the Scnato decided, 23 to 22, to take uo Orn. gon. Tho various propositions anil amendments already presented were then road. Among these the. Secretary was about to read that of Mr Mangum lor arbitration, when this Senatorsaid that it had not been oflired, or but only notice ui ii given Tho different propositions haveinv hern rrnno .u 1. ...!.!. " v iiiruuu iviui. Mr Allen rose and began thus; it is now 00 years einco this country declared itself absolved irotn an anegiance to mo uritish Crown; and it is now 03 years sinco Great Britain aeknn,..i. edged our independence still, over morn th,n 400,0110 square miles of our territory British s ,,u. va.viiui.-u, mm uriusn executions and penalties are now enforced. For 23 yeara past, by negotiation in every form, bv treatvand almost by humiliating supplications, have we sougnt tooDiatn our rights. And now, after tho lansfl of morn than a nnartnr nf - , - - abvit.uii, the President communicates to us the fart, that an negotiations tuving laueo, it Becomes the du ty of Congress to adopt audi measuroa for tho security of our rights and "the protection of our citizens, aa in their judgment may seem to be reanired. This matter is. thprnfom .,,.. ;n .... hands. We cannot evade the responsibility of action, if we would, because jwii.action. in tho present condition of things, is the most impor taut ol all action. If.afterthe nuuner in which the President has proclaimed our title to the world, in his annual message, we fail lo act, we ..,. ,... .,.,, penueu ait claim to tho torn torv In nueslton. ami ,lr,i.. 1 ., . t , , . j Miburreu ine bus. ptcion of the world, that we acted not, because we dared not. Looking fully at ,s matler.but one question prescnta itself .,,,1 .1... :. -1 '.L er this government haa th n.... . righta-lhe qnestion it no longer of title, but of possession. Uoon the nne.i; r .... ..... ... . . , 1 u, hi, c wo Biaiiu .Ch!H!riL . ' j of fl"" inning through a period of more tn wentv-eioht linn twenty-eicht years; ny solemn treaty with the Emperor of Russia In 1324 ; by a solemn vote of this body in tho passage of the bill which carried Ameri can law up to Dl degrees DO minutes ; by tho solemn voire of tho nation in the election of the present Chief Magistrate, &c, tie. It remain ed to bo seen whether the Senators will walk tip to the work. A great question, a great mor al question, la now to be tried, not in battle, but In energy nf nerve and porlinacity of purpose, and tticti in battle it necessary. Mr A. then wont Into a review of European policy, and European powers and acts, England was unspaajngly denounced for hor uniform bad fahh U9S. The Ashburton Treaty, the Holy Alliance, consisting of four mon and a woman who, aought to divide tho wholo human race between themsslvna worn tho nsxttnnius, Whether tho Nolico would produce war or not, was not tor us lo stop lo enquire. Hero Mr Mangum said, may 1 ask tho Sena tot from Ohio a auesiion t Mr A. laid yes,i(he did not Interrupt htm too lot?. Mr M. Only a moment, and In allusion to the Senator's last observation, may I usk him wl ether there is not, among the suppressed correspondence, a declaration from Lord Aber deen to Mr Mr.I.nie, that his government would not consider the notice in an ottensive light I Mr A. The Senator is probably able to an siver the question himself. Mr Allen then continued. Great Britain would no', d,tro not, go to war wiih us about Oregon.. At this point, Mr Hannegan moved it being ctident that Mr A. was exhausted that the Scnato adjourn. Mr Allen yielded, without concluding, and trio Senate adjourned. House. After tho reading of the journals, the nrders(knftAiy were insisted upon by Mr Mcltay, of Wort'i Carolina. Two communica tions from tho Treasury Department were read laid on tho table and ordered to bo printed fur the House. A communication was also receiv ed from the President of tho United Slates, in answer to a resolution of the 19th December last, concerning certain correspondence. The communications and accompanying documents wore reterrcu to me i-ommitlceon f oreign He Utions, and ordered to be printed. A communication from the War Department was also read, transmitting an abstract of the number nf arms, and amount of amunition in cacti of the Biates and Territories tn tho Union. Mr Rathbun reported a resolution from the same Committee calling upon the Secretary of mo iavy anu me secretary of the War Do parttnent, to report to the Houso at tho earliest day, whether any person or persons connected with either the Navy or Army, are, or have been, in anv way, shape or manner, employed in, or by cither of Ihe Departments, or any of tho bureaus connected with the same. If so. whether such porson or persons were paid for such services, in addition to the nay thev re ccived aa connected with the navy or army. Also to furniJli I'iSpiiames of all such persons, and tho amtfant salaries or compensation paid lu each perso.t. Adopted. Mr Rathbun, from the same committee, made a report upon certain potititions from the State of Massachusetts, accompanied by a resolution, declaring that no alteration whatever is neccs sary in the present naturalization laws, cither lo protect tho billot boxes from fraud, or to preserve the purity of Ihe elective franchise, The House went into committee of the whole, on the Slate of tho Union, Mr Broad head in the Chair took up tho Appioprialion mil tor fortifications, &c. I lie bill makm? an. propriations for the payment of Revolutionary and other pensionera of the United Slates, for the year ending June 3d, 1S17, was, also, under consideration in the Committee. 7 ho abote bills were reported to Ihc house ; and without further action thereon, a motion to adjourn prevailed, at a quarter past 3. Wednesday, Fen. 11, Senate. Mr. Cast presenled ajoint resolution nf ihe legislature of Michigan, declaring ojr title to Oregon, to bo clear and unquestionable, and that the American contitunt is not subject to coloniza tion by any European power. , Mr. J'lrnfi'i 'jf Tennesseo offered a resolu tion calling on tho President to report to Ihe Satiate, whether Mr. Vost, who is said to have received tho massing Mexican instalment of the indemnity due Irnm that government, was hona fide an agent ol the United States for that purpose. Numerous bills nf a local or privato nature passed a second reading. I he btmatc- then proceeded to tin special rder, being the joint resolutions relative to Oregon, and Mr. Allen resume I his war speech, Alter he had concluded, .air. J. Al. Mayton of Delaware obtained the noor and the senate ad journcd. House or lurAESENTATivEs. Mr. King of Georgia rose to r.iako a perianal explanation, He wanted to state the reasons uliv he did not votn on Monday, on Ihe Oregon resolutions, nlr. Kalhbtiu of New tork objected con- tendm" that it was no privileged questions, tie (,llr It.) nngbt as well .an l; the tune ol the House to tell nhy he did voto on the Oregon q lestiou. I he chair decided that Mr King could pro Mr. HfiS!a.ftxled from this decision, and a wite of the House the Chair was sustained in its decision. Mt Kinz lhn resumed. He stated that part of ihe official correspondence had been suppecj. sea by the President, winch he (.lir held to be wrong, and this it was 111.11 caused turn to re frain from voting, aa he could nut understanding. Mr Rathbun of New York then rose and ask cd leave to stale the reason why he hid vote on the Oregon rceolutions. But Ins friends per suaded him to relinquish tho attempt, and the llouso went inn committee 01 l no wnole, anu tool: up the Petion Appropriation Bill. Alter some reuaie unou mis uui, nnu panic ularly on an amendment which was objected to an out of order, the committee roso wttnout taking any quation. and the House adjourned. 1 iiursdav. i ts. la. I fie senate at an ear. ly hour nn Tlrimday took up tho resolutions with regard tone Oregon notice, and Mt. John M. Clayton oflX-laware spoKo at longtn in la. vor ol Mr. Cclltenden'u amendment. The amendment aufyriies tho President to give the notice, but' not until after the closo of the i rr. ve iauu 1 no lal- lowinL' exirScTctTSr. Clayton'a remarks from tho Union. After renrobiiinu tho idea that Ihis waa parly question, Mr. Clayton proceed in the most emphatic rmnner, to oxpresa Ins opinion r I.I .I.. Ila . i., I . . in lavor 01 givninu noui c. u ... vor of it. becauioit waa indispensably ncces sary as the first; atjp in tho way of securing an honorable pesre Between 1110 tu tuuiunco. But he insisted that with the president, and with him alone, thould rest Ihe responsibility of giving this notice. 1 ho chief magistrate from his pcsitiot, was oesi qunnnou v juuS the whnle mattr, and to him should be com. milled the disifetionary power. Mr. Clayton ridiculed the itfca of a war being likely to re milt frnm rrivmil thn notice. Neither the Pres ident nor tho htads of tho War and Navy Do nartinnn'o. nnr nv momberof Congess, speak mir ex mZrWra. had L'lven any intimation of the danger of a wat, anditi jtscli, tho measure, so iar Irom having a tendency to prouuee a rupture in the peaceful relatione ut me nvo was the only meant of preventing that collu sion between the two classes of settlors in Or eirnn which .mi.! hn nmectcd if the joint oc cupancy were permitted to continue, and which would almost necwarily lead to a war. 'I he nnticp. then. w. n-cifie measure, and as all,-!, ba 1,1. nrn,ir,l tn V08 for it. In hi conr.lud ing remarks, Mr. Clayton observed that iti ,,,.i r.i. i!;..l States had manifested ,,,.,. ,. r ,nr;.i.,-a 1, , tlm Executive with rppard tn thn mora of nolicv pursued on thi most important nuestion. On this question there waa but one party tho national party ..,.1 .i.....i. j.m....... nrnnininn nrevailed. re lative to the preciae mode of eiecutmg the will of tho nation, yet there waa but one opinion as 10 the great principle at lasue. He deprecated war. Ii u,.. . il.rikl. r.alamn tv. England was noeommnn r.. The United States were not prcpircdfor war. But ha ma noi aPpr hend my war if tho notice were givon. When Mr. Clayton had concluded, tho Scn ato went into Executive session, and soon af tcr adjourned, The House waa occupied during a largo part of tho day with tho consideration, in commit tee, of amendments to the Pension appropria tion bill, which was finallly reported to the House somewhat amended. During tno mor ning hour a resolution was reported from the Library committee with relation lo mo com pletion of tho picture commenced by .Mr. In man, lately deceased, for one of the panels of Ihe rotunda nf tho Capitol. Several proposi tlons were made with regard to il, nnd finally the whole subject was recommitted to the Committee on tho Library. Among the sug gcstlone mado was one by Mr. Wlnthrnp, that the vacant panel should bo offered for the com petition of all American Artists. THE SEASON. Every season is regarded 03 having somo tiling for which it ii remarkable; ond hence the season, or tho weather, which is the same thing, ii tho porpctuttl subject of cot) vcrsation. Tho weather is romarkably warm, or remarkably cold remarkably wet, or remarkably dry remarkably stormy, or remarkably lair, &c &c. Out, as these pithels are, obviously, not applicable, in their extreme, to the present winter, we are bliged to characterize has remarkably uni form and pleasant. Wo had a fall of four teen inches of snow on tho first day of De cember, and wo liavo seen no bare ground since ; and tho sleighing, during this wholo period of Iwclvo weeks, has been uninter rupted and excellent. This, wo aro ready to say, is very remarkable who ever saw the like? Twelve weeks of uninterrupted leighing at Burlington, with a prospect of its continuance, is, undoubtedly, a raro occur rence. Our notions, however, of tho remark- abloncss of tho present, are, usunjly, very much heightened by our forgetfulness of tho past j wo should, in fact, liavo lo go back on ly two yoars to find u parallel with the pres ent winter, so far as relates to the sleighing I he sleighing commenced on tho IC1I1 of Deccmbor, 18-13, and continued till the 9th of March 1844, just twelve weeks. The broad lake, opposito this place, closed over on the 9lh iust., as mentioned last week and it is now passable on tho ice with teams in all directions. The lake usually freezes over sometime between the 15th of January and the middle of February. Tho overage lime of its closing, for tho last thirty years, would fall on the first day of Ftbruary. The earliest lime of its closing permanently for the season, in this period, was January 15, in 1821, and again in 1837 ; and tho la test, March 4ih, in 1819. In 1828 and in 1842 the lake did not freeze over during tho winter. CENTRAL RAILROAD. Tho public millbepleaso to learn thai this work is now in progress along tho en tire lino. Tho contractors commenced at Richmond on Monday, and at this place yesterday. The point soloclod for breaking ground hore, was the intervale bank, on the farm of J. N. Potncroy, Esq. north of tho town. It was not decmod necessary or ex pedient to signalize the occasion by any pe culiar display, hut to proceed directly to the work. At two o'clock, the contractors for this section, Messrs. Dfown and Mills, repair ed to the ground wiih their workmen, where they wero shortly' joineJ by the resident Di rector, Doct. Peck, Mr. Bkckivith, the en gineer, Messrs. Oarker, Euulcston and Haigiit, contractors fur the western divis ion of tho road, and by a lurgo nunibor of citizens. In behalf of tho President of the Company, who was unexpectedly prevented from attending on the occasion, Dr. Peck, in neat aud appropriate manner apologized for an unavoidable delay in llio commence ment of tho wotk hore, and proceeded with some general remarks suited to tho place and tho occasion. Uo nid a well merited ttibuteto the energy, enterprijo and perseve rance, of Gov. Paino, to whom the Compa ny is so much indebted ; alluded to tho oarly history of the enterprise, its progress and final triumph; spoko of ils importance, its probahlo influrnce, upon Vermont, upon Burlington, and upon tho public at large ; alluded to tho liberality and enterprise of Boston capitalists, to the strong arms and willing hearts of those about to embark in the execution of the work, and concluded by congratulating the assembled multitude that (ho time had come to commenco and proso cute the nobis enterprise to a speedy reali . ilion. And, suiting the action to the word, off coat, took the shovel, and demonstrated that lie was not unmindful of tho process by winch mountains are levelled and vallies raised up. Three cheers testified the exult ing satisfaction of lite assemblage ; and the road, ils Presidonl, Directors and agents, were each remembered in successive echo ing peals, which rent the air. John N. PoitEnov, Esq., followed in a speech of some five or ten minutes, replelo wiih enlar ged views and liberal sentiments, and con cluded by expressing tho hopo nnd convic tion that every man, whether contractor, la borer, or agent, would receive to the utmost farthing, adequate and liberal compensation for the service in which they are about to en gage. Remarks wero mado by others, and responded to in a manner that indicated a de gree of hearty good fueling which must be very gratifying to the friends of tho work. UOADS, M. Stacy i Kverv citizen it interested in havinc roads where they are needed, either for the conven ience nf travel, or for the attractive appearance ol the Town. 1 detire lo rail aitention al thit time to the Very OOVIOUt iiecvaaiijr anu uiiiiciiciiis ui iiavmi; a road or iadt opened, acroia from Maiden Lane to the NeW llOaui Ullicucic ucinnii I mii aim ilt'lin :. .. aa ii mow ii.children livins on the New Road have to go around by Petri or North ttreete, tome . .r. mile to cct to the tchoolhonte which it but a i'l rni. off. Individual and familiei are put to the j teWluaaui' . -.i,,i.- j.n , .i. . time inconvenience and trouble daily 1 alto a road froTn the New Head oyer .0 toeu.t.l, (th, ..t. .m ot th bariil ground na vninuin viiunu,; it vry FRIDAY MORNINO, FEDRUARY, 20, 1340. much needed and from that street west lo Champlaln st., the diManco from Pearl st. to North st, is at far ns from Pearl to College its , between College and l ean sis. mere ore i tiui.i. cross streets, oetween Pcsrl and North sts.NONEIM Will not our fellow citizen? say at once, cross roads should be opened there, and that ,too immediately. For one, 1 think that the village should immediately he laid out in squares or uiocks 01 tno size 01 our present viuage block', ond the roads opened ns speedily as the law will allow, as far north as the bank of the swamp. win you tpeait to the people unat you ttiinitoi 11 1 Tho public convenience would, unques tionably, be promoted by llio opening of one or mora streets through from Champlnin to Maiden Lano; and the marvel with us is, that individual enterprise lias not brought it about ero this. Our corrrspondent is right, also, as lo the land beyond North st. It is now valuable building ground, nnd, much sooner than somo people imagined, tho town will bo peering over tho intcrvalo ba nk. At present thcro aro but few buildings to bo in terfered with, and it is hardly supposablo that much danger could accrue lo the individual owners by an operation which would so ma terially increase tho ultimato value of tho whole. Tho power lies wiih the selectmen ; and, if they ore disposed In exercise il, we are qttito suro thoy would find a majority of llio land owners ready to co-opcrato in the measure. Fatal Accident. A correspondent in forms us that B. Roberts of Lowell was kill ed nlmosl instantly on the 3d inat. by the falling of a tree. St. Albans Messenger. wool! We publish in another column a synop- sis of the important feauturcs of Walker's new tariff policy. It will bo observed that wool is lo receive ttocntyper ctnt.p'oteclion all told. Under the present tariff il receives 30 per cent, advalorcm, and 3 cents per pound specific, making an average pro tection ol forty per cent. This was do nounccd as a sacrifice of tho wool-grower to the cupidity of the manufacturer, ond Mr. Polk was invoked to measure out lo us " equal protection." Here wo have il ! This cabalistic term is at last defined ; and we hopo our locofoco friends in Vermont will find no difficulty in settling down upon the conclusion that 20 per cent protection to llio wool-grower, nnd 35 lo the manufaclur er, aro just "equal"! It is a very plain question, nnu therefore requires no argu mcnt. Still it is a very appropriate subject tor the people to thin!; about. APPRAISERS. We learn that the Judges of ihe Supreme Court, on application of ihe Central Rail road Company, have appointed Hon. Sam uol Adams, of Giand Isle, Hon, Joseph A. Curtiis, of Warren, and Z. Newell, Esq., of Wells River, as appraisers of damagts to land-ownors. COUNTY COMMISSIONERS' NOTICE. The County Commissioners for ihe Coun ty of Chittenden will hold an adjourned session al the County Clcik's office in Bur lington, on Wednesday the 25th dav of Feb ruary, irstant, at 10 o'clock, A. M., and continue their session until all applications for License shall be disposed of. In the mean time the County Clerk is au illumed (0 receive applications for Licenses, and, also, ull evidence on paper, which may be intended for submission to the board, un der tho rules hi'rcaftrr set fottli. The Commissioners liave adopted the fol lowing rules fur their action in the prcmi- I. It) the towns where, nt the recent elec tion of County Conimissioneis, a majority of 1I10 voles was against tho grunting of licenses, tho Commissioners w ill license no wholesale dealors or retuilers, unless a majority of llio Selectmen and acting magistrates of such towns shall request such Ucenso and shall re commend some suitable person to receive the same. II. The Commissioners will, 011 applica tion, license, in such towns, one or more suit' ahlo persons to sell wine, runt, brandy and other spirituous liquors, for medicinal, client icaland mechanical purposes. The persons to bo thus licensed to be des ignated by a majority of the selectmen of such towns. III. In such toy .s, on proper application, the Commissioners will also license one or more tavern keepers, and one or more inn keepers, having reference, in tho number and location lliereof,to the wants and accom modalion of the travelling community. IV. In the towns whero the result of the recent election indicates, that a majority of the freemen of such towns aro in favor of j granting licenses, the Commissioners, on proper application, will grant such licenses as, in their opinion, will best accommodate the public. V. Every applicant for a tavern or inn keeper's license will be required lo furnisli satisfactory evidence, thai a tavern or inn is required at tho point indicated in lite appli cation, and that such applicant is a suitable and proper pcrton to keep the same. VI. Every applicant for a grocery license will bo icquired lo furnish satisfactory evi dence that a grocery is needed or required at the point indicated in the application, and that tho applicant is a fit and proper person to keep Ihe same. Every person receiving a grocory license will be required to furnish ample and satis factory assurance that he will at all times keep an orderly grocery, and that the same at no lime shall be opened for business on the day and evening of Sunday. By order of tho board, EDWARD A. STANSBURY, Clerk Burlington, Feb, 18, 1816. OREGON Mr. Gallatin has furnished a series of numbers lor the Intelligencer on ihit subject. He closes his last letter with the following recapitulation of Ihe points which he has so clearly established ; aud which we may add, , conclusively show ihe practicability and , ... , , j un pwj.uj wivbviw -j..ilt.l and the folly and madnoss of running head long into afruitless war : lgt. That neither of the two Powers hit an absoluto and indleputsblo right to the whole contested territory; that each may recede from its extreme pretensions without impairing na. tionnl honor or wounding national pride ; and thai tho way is therefore still open for a renew, al nf negotiations. 2J That the avowed object of the United Stales in giving notice of the abrogation of the convention, is the determination to assett and maintain their assumed right of absolute and exclusive sovereignty over the wholo territory: ., y- . r-.-V.. 1. ..II.. ..Jt tnai ureal jiritaiti is tuny commiueii on that pnint, and ha' constantly and explicitly doclar. ed lit it such an attempt would be resisted, and the British interests in that quarter be protect ed ; and that war is therefore the unavoidible conscnuenco of such a decisive step a war not only necessarily calamitous and cxpenivo,but In its character aggressive, not justitiable by tho magnitnde and importance of ill object, and of which the chances are uncertain. 3d. That the inconveniences of lha present stale of things may in a great degree bo avoid. ed j that if no war should ensue, they will bo tho fame, if nnt greater, without than under a convention ; That no single ohject can be gain ed by giving the notico at this time, unless it bo to do something not permitted by tho pre sent convention, and thercforo provoking reeis. tance and productive of war. If a single other advantage can be gained by giving the notice, let it ho elated. '1th. That it has been fully admitted by Great Britain that, whether under or without a quesliun, the United stales have the same rights as herself, to trade, to navigate and to occupr, and mike settlements in and over ev. ery part of the territory ; and thai If Ihls statu of things be not disturbed, natural causes must naturally give the whole territory to the Uni ted Slates. Under these circumstances, it la onlr atked. that the subject may be postponed for the present ; mat uovernmcnt should not commit itself by any premature act or declaration ; that instead of increasing Ihc irritation and excite ment which exists on both sides, lime be eiven by mutual reflection, and for Ihe subdual or aubsidence of angry and violent feelings. Then and then only, can tho deliberate opinion of the American people on this momentous question be truly ascertained. It is not perceived how ihe postponement for the present and for a time can, In any shape or in the alishtest decree. in jure tho United Slates. The establishT.entnf a kindred and friendly Power on the Northwest coast of America la all that England can accept, all perhaps that the United States ought to desire. It seems almost incredible, that whilst that object may be attained by simply not impeding the effect of natural causes, two kindred nations, having audi powerful motions to remain at peace, nrl standing at the head of European and A mar. ican civilization, should in this enlightened age, give to the world the scandalous spectacle, per haps not unwelcome to some of tho beholders. of an unnatural and unnecessary war ; thai they should apply all their faculties and ex haust their resources in inflicting, each on tho other, every injury in their power, and for what purpose! The certain consequence, indepen dent ol all the direct calamities and miseries of war, will bo a mutual increase of debt and tax ation, and the ultimate fate of Oregon will be the tame as if the war had not taken place. Albf.ht Gallatin. Communication. Sir. noiToa : It it truly eratifyinz to escape occa sionally from the dally routine of one's ordinary caret, anxieties and necessities, and survey for a short period the fruits of the public and individual eflbrtt put forth for the education of Youth, and for the ceneral ad vancement of truth and learning. Such a tlep teems to open afresh in one's own mind the fountain! ofjutt and energetic thought, lo dissipate the damps and fogs, and quicken the flow of life's sluggish stream, in thort, lo mum the whole intellectual and mortl man from hit lethargy, ond nerve him anew for a partici pation in the stern realities, and for the proper d it charge of the incumbent duties of life. Somewhat of this sort were my thoughts and feelings on returning on Friday, tho 13th insl., from attending the recent public examination at the Female Seminary in thia place. I love to witness ami contemplate, whenever and wherever il prisenls itself, the vigorous, concen trated, anu welt directed exercise of the intellectual powers. I lovcsuchexercis" for its own sake! 1 lore it for the menial discipline, culture, and power which it produces; I love it for its neblo and ennobling fruits, immediate and ultimate, ofknowlelge, of char acter, and of truth. To contemplate such a process, whsrevcr we know ils direction to le legitimate and just, can never fail to awaken a responsive elow of satisfaction, and of intellectunl energy in every reflect ing minu. I will not attempt to cite a dcscriolion In detail nf the recitations and performances at the late examin ation, for two reasons j 1st, became, beine present durint; only a part cf the exercifes, I would le unable to mention them all. And 2dly, because a notice of some of them to the exclusion of the rest, might teem io9omeot tne persons concerned, invidious and im proper, buuicc it to say, then, that so far at my per sonal observation extends, the results of the examina tion were highly satisfactory to the spectators, and creditable to the Institution, reflecting credit alike up on the teachers and the taught. It is the n'.m of him who is now at the head of th Institution, eminently qualified as he is for the remon- tible position which he occupies, to stole the minds of his pupils with liberal ond useful knowledge, and at the aame lime to ingraft into them those maxima of order, steadiness and consistency, out of which tha germs of 0 higher culture may gradually and sponta neously unfold themselves, until they attain their Irua dignity and destiny in Ihe realms of reason and relig ion. He seeks to jay a foundation, upon which they may themselves hereafter, if they will, erect a tuper-structureof-urpassing strcngih simmetry, ond beau ty. Whil he would mako them perpetually contci oils of the fundamental truth that the fema'eniind possessc . -sential freedom, and the fullest and larcest capacitj t- the investigation ond attainment of truth, hewoul oia'te them still more deeply conscious thai such na reedom,and luch latent elements of pow er ira wr-Vest unlrst disciplined, developed, and cultivt ' 1 lie would have them perpetually remind ed that -1 ' 10 most luxuriant toil runt to wants, and produc iiii'f the most noxious plants, unles attend ed 10 en 1 I'l.lned, and that as Ihe richest and rarttl Iruin ore inmrot ed by nurture and cultivatoin. to, tha femaht in n l in order to fulfil ils high destiny, and prudui-f a 1 1 hapense the rich fruiit of persontl and social 1 immurement, mutt submit to discipline and culture Wnhout this the h'ghest physical beauty are wi it than worthless. Kor whot avail external graces .. 'ut those nobler inward glares of a culti vated 1111 a.idhcart? It U not enough that the eya ofbernv 11 radiate a countenance possessed of tha mingle I 11 uof ihe lily ond the rose, adorned with waving itesics, and sparkling with exuberant animal life. It 1 ild also beam with intelligence ond moral power, p 1 1 discourse the silent but living eloquence of an educa'ed rational soul. To producethis high tone of intellectual tnd moral cultute.is tho purpose, and, it is believed, the tendency or the discipline employed and Ihe instruciioni im parled at the Ilurlinglon Female Seminary, Il it tha desire ond oim ol the present competent board of teachert that tho young ladies who may from tima it) time be committed to their charge, when called 16 re turn ogam to Ibcir parents and friends, may go forth with minds adorned and beautified with every intel lectual and moral grace, and be prepared to act wall their pan in the great drama of social tnd domtalie lire. Shall not an Institution to well worthy the public lonfidence, and sustaining tuch it al and essential re lation! lo the well being of Society, le nobly encour aged and tusttinedj lit recent hitlory argues wtll for its future utefblnett and prosperity. D. JOHN C. CALHOUN. Mr Calhoun haa been thirly-five years in ihe National Councils. His whole career hat been but a succession of excantrirlies. in ihe progrtis of which ha has stumbled over