Newspaper of Burlington Free Press, June 4, 1847, Page 1

1 1 ' t Vol. XX. iVo. 31. Whole No. 1010 nimfiiiwroN, Friday moiuvuvij, june i, isir. new sinus, io. lo Burlington Free Press. Published at flurlingtnn, Vt., By I. W. C. (,'LutKG, Editor and Proprietor. Tormsi To Villasp subscribers who receive the paper by the currier S.1,00 If paid in ndvnnce, !!,50 Mail subscriber nnJ those who take it nt the Office, invariably, J,00 Advertisements inserted on the customary terms. Poct.v. tyWc copy the following ballad from the North American. If Frcsi dent Polk were not destitute alike a f til true sensibility and true courage, he would rather meet the fate of the victims ol Mexican lances on the Rory field of Ducna Vista, where hit virtual appointee, Santa Anna, led the foe against (Jen. Tnylor, whose forces were taken from him, than read these burning, blistering lines. Cincinnati Alli. JJIIUXA VISTA. It was the dny of Washington, the day we thought so M,,i . . , i The birthday of our country s sire, a holy day of rest Put on Ducna Vista's fatal plain, when the roar of can non rose, 'Twas thefireofTaylor's little band, and their twenty thous'iud iocs. A little band, a naked band a glorious army late Put now a handful, shorn of strength, left to their foe and fate A little ban I, in the factum's land, no help nor hope they knew No hope, save in their own strong hands, and their leader, stem and true. And twenty thousand 6AA I Mexicans are there upon the And the little band, in the foeman's land, must die, or fly, or yield. They cannot yield, they will not fly, though life must pour a Hood jri'jsnpp'd their strength 1 irho sent their foe J who made tbat field ol blood I Then crashed the shot, then rang the hoof, then closed the deadly tnle, And the little bind was in the toils, to fight that day ' , "ml """ 'ere. ' - " "--.r y m ur.s,,, racy it mrii, no occupied a liigu ' 1 advances through the country were a few lound I position, and lived in elegant luxury. "lleati l.ir iiiu u.l.ill.. ..i.i... i' ! r 1 1 . . I ...ir... n :.. .... ..,..?...... .... ., , Another il.iy ! another fray! yes, men might gap for urea in front, Ihilt, rear, all foes all around ! the toils of shame or dtalh ! IJut Ae vras hh tlietit in the toils, who still was stem and true. And ne'er led field of fight, bat it was field of victory too Life iiiim l lust, and blood be shed Oh (!od 1 what blood lean lied ! And the luighly ranks upontbe field, our brothers, stilf and j-ad 1 Jv ighl fell upon the field of fame and on a place of tears ; The foeinen fled, but oh, the dead ! upon their dripping iiiers ! And the hollow graves left thtre aloft, in the desert plain, furare, To tell who caused that dreadful loss upon that dreary day. Who sapp'd the strength of that small band.ourbroih- cra lost and slam I ll"s:ut the loe, with all hist hordes, to smile (hem on the plain I Jv'o ! do not tell those dying men, stretched on the gory loam, The hand that launch' J the bolt of death was his uho reigns at home .' 'Gaiust him will ri the witnesses, who write with burning coal, The guilt of murder on the brow, or on the inmost soul ; Gainst him will smoke that fatal blood that blood he made to pour And the dead of Huena Vista glare on him forever more. '.farm. From the Farmer & Mechanic. The Agriculture, of .Mexico, The people of Mexico seem to bo far held ml the general progress of civilization in tho pros cut age, and judging from the frequent and well written accounts recently received from authen tic sources of the general slate of the country, the customs, manners, arts, &c. of the people, their advancement from primitive simplicity and ignorance is small; and although possessing one of the most favorable climates and generally productive soils fur agriculture, it is a science by the inhabitants but little understood. It is said they are opposed to every change that can be introduced among them, which tends to their improvein:nt in this respect. their farming uten sils being ofthe rudest possible description; the name kind as those which were used by Cortez, mo t.- i-i.uqucsi, in ine sixteenth century, being used at this day in this country. The principal agricultural productions of the Rreater portion of Mexico, are sugar, corn and cotton, the latter of which grows with luxuri ance, the stalk being net er killed by the cold winter, and it might be profitably cultivated, if there was a demand for it, which, however, is not the ease, there being no mills or manufac tories for it in the country. Corn grows well, and yields abundantly. Two crop of it are made in a vear, if the occu pant ofthe ground is not too lazy to tend it. file first is planted in M arch and oathercd in June and July. The second is nl..i.t..,l ;,, J,,k. or 1st of August, and gathered in November and Deee ruber. A writer from tho army observes, " When we arrived at Monclova, the 1st of November, roasting cars and green fodder were abundant for ourselves and horses, from the second crop. This is the principal crop ol the year, as it is less liable to injury from the vicissitudes ofthe weather than tho first crop. The yield of com is about fifty bushels to the aero in a tilled field. With good culture the quantity uould bo in creased very considerably. Thbstalk grows to an enormous height. I have often seen them around Monclova so tall, that when sitting on my horse which is full sixteen hands high, I could not reach tho cars of corn. It might not lie profitable toiilant corn in the fall ; but there is a wide range from February to August to put it into the ground and still have It good crop. Vugar grows finely, and only needs a little care and adequate machinery to enable the in ba.bita.tU Jo produce large quantities of it. It is n t rwaej as with us, but when in syrup is run lulu moulds resembling small loates of loaf sugar, cMei jalnnces, weighing about a pound. ileyond Muncbiva, however, whero tho coun try liecoines more elevated, sugar cannot bo produced to much advantage. 'Wbtut may he raised in ujoxieo with great facility. ad aliliough in latitiiuti 25" and 'ifi0, several hundred miles farther south than lui lana, whore the grain cannot bo produced, it is grown to perfeotjoa. Ho are apples and peacli es. This is owiiif t the elevation of the country above the level of Ike tea. At Cincgs; a village fifty miles west of Mon clova. larco quantities tf excellent wheat are raised. There are two flsnri.liitig mills at Mon clova propelled by the stream which passes .1 l. .l .1 1 . UirUUgl. ll.U V.MT11. .IC uuui, uii.vovor, is iu lenor 10 mat 01 iwiseounxry, me best .Mexican not being so fino or equal iu appearance to that of the American article. Oats and rye aro nut grown in Mexico ; bar ley, however, grows fitiuly, and might ha pro tlitccd in large quantities. Nearly all ileecnptious ol vegetables grow mcly, Willi most kinds a jierouii nwy select his own timo for planting. Fresh peas, lettuce, beans etc., may bo had the year round, by plant ing them repeatedly, l'cas six inches in length, were growing at l'arras, the ICtli of December, which wero planted for a winter crop. As the climate is so propitious, and all plants have to bo reared by irrigation, a planter or gardener may select liis own timo for planting. The same writer says, " Hiding on tho 10th of December, up tho valley in which l'arras Is situated, I caino to a field whero they were sow ing wheat. The sower was sowing the wheat broadcast on the unploitghcd ground. Twenty three ploughs followed each other, on tho same latid.ploughing tho wheat in. A contrivance for a barrow levelled the ground after the ploughs. Every plough was drawn by two oxen. Tho ploughs were of the samo pattern ued by the Romans two thousand years since. They wero made of tho fork of a small tree, one prong of which answered for tlie beam, and was cut long enough to fasten the oxen to ; the other prong was cut off about four feet long, and sharpened at tho end, and a single stick fastened into the fork and projecting b.tck made the handle. This was the whole plough lock, stock apd liarrcl When a forked tree cannot bo found, the short stick is morticed into the long one. Tho short prong was the coulter the long one the beam. This was fastened with a raw hide-thong to the ox yoke, which, In turn was fastened in front of, and to the horns of, tho oxen, by another raw-hido thong. Tho handle was held by a painn, who was armed in tho other hand with a ionir nolo, with a sharn L'oad in the end of it. which ho unsparingly plunged into the oxen to quicken their speed, or to change their direc tion." Pumpkins and a variety of squashes, crow abundantly and are much used. As a general thing, very few vegetables arc ned by the .Mex icans. Irish potatoes cannot, or at least hare mil been grown in many parts of Mexico, although we know not why in sumo ptrts of the country they might not be introduced to advantage. (II. I.... .I! I 1... .1..- . !...!..! ai uaillllll. -111.. IIICV . OIL' IIIU MAO 111 III HUH "3 and pigeon s eggs, and hut of little value to eat. Oranges grow very beaiitifuly and with lu.xu riance in every part of Mexico, although thoo in the coo'oraul northern portions of the coun try are all of tho same kind. Sweet oranges are cultivated farther south, and in lower plains and valleys, near the sea coat. llVoni the Genesee Fanner. Nourishment and rntli ning of Animals. Permit us to express a conviction, founded on considerable, research, that the annual loss from the oiuis-ion to supply animals with food best si'i tit i i i r ! r'.w l Kl'V "'' ""n C""' sun temperature of !), degrees ; secondly, to repair the waste of every orian and t ssnn mm - i t. . , I I 1 . 1 1 ... thirdly, to lie dissolved and tliuo-ted. is eiiual 111 v.ilue to one fourth of all the food consumed hen we feed a cow raw potatoes and shorts rontai ning starch, and find one third as much tirehin her dung as there was in her fooil,what is the inference ('an we escape the conclu sion that this insoluble compound, so useful to make cream and evolve heat to warm tlieauimal, lias slipped through the digestive organs un changed J One remedy is, to conk the food, and thus transform an insoluble starch into a soluble gum ..... more, is H.io.iier. niiu peTinps, an tilings 1 est aM, f,,,j0nable. Laughter ammie thr an considered, a better remedy. It ba been found ,,..) Hut it was a pie-niS at 55 francs where by careful experiments and anilysis t.iatthe the company was imitcd to ninu-c thein-ehes, ,, . . , . , , . 1 b.w...,M,u,. ,..,,.-, ...utu,,,,. ..i .u.u uincy meal, wet with cold water or fed dry to cows, steers, and other ruminant animals, without I, . 11 .1 T -, ........... j 0 1 st pa-ses like the chewed cud direct y r, aC .'' I'0V',U " benefit of tho second mastication. Hence fo - . , , , .. r n, mo '"'rr is:l t ; ; . S so S ' ' - rre-einiv itijaner tomi iroin me lame nun 1111- your cattle on who e ears of corn, and your i,ouiiced"that ho should now turn liis attention store pigs will Imd whole kernels of this grain in ln,)ro particularly to tho ladies, v Inch announce heir dung. Nor will griuding alone answer the I ,ent was followed up by repeated sallies of wit, best purpose. I ho meal should bo intimately ' mrcasm, and bnlinage. ' lleauvoir soon left for mixed with cut hay, straw, or corn stalks, that t,e theatre, and Dujarier apologized to .MMIo itiniyussintotlioventriciiliiinorlirststoinich,,ovicne for his rudeness. ,iivm understood go back into the mouth, be thoroughly incori.o-, tlat that lady had taken ollenco nfhis freedom, rated with the saliva, and masticated as a cud in she aurctf him, however, that it was quite the the second chewing. It is dillicult to extract all rever.-o. Cards were nr'ain resolved oil, and the nutritive elements from corn meal without ' l),,;,, rier and Heauvallon were at the same table. Pdnk-miT I lift mil ill 1.II11I IlL-n .inrlii,l.,j ..r.lw.l a. .1 1 r .1 .... - . cooking. grain are extremely hard, and so almond in oil ...... ..,. a , , , ns to resist the solvent powers of the g.utric juices of herbivorous animals. Tho loss by defective digestion is only one item, and perhaps the smallest, that occurs in feeding domestic animals. Let ns suppose that a cow or a horse needs tho daily addition of ten pounds of new blond drawn from digested food, to maintain a constant heat of OS degrees in a mass of flesh that will weigh !I00 pounds, and repair the waste lit the same. It may not bo far from the truth to say that eight pounds of the matter fitrniidied by tho ten pounds of blood mut j lie burnt to Keep mo noiiy warm. The carbon and hydrogen daily expelled from the lungs of a cow or horse in the form of carbonic acid gas and vapor aro more than equal to all the carbon and hydrogen contained in right pounds of dry starch, sugar, or oil. The otli T two pounds must furnish each muscle with new fibrin, and the brain, nerves, bones, liver, lungs, and all other organs with now elements of precisely the uiiiciidrucicr uiiu coiiiiiiiou to sun me peculiar wants of each living tissue. It is notincrelv theory but fact, that both tho food and blood, of anuna 011211 contain eillier an excess of combos- tible elements for warming the system, or a do. ficiency of the same. In either case a loss is 1 tic- vitablo ; but it is greater in case there is too little, rather than too much fuel. Nature has provided adipose tissues for stonnir no fat or C. .l.'. .. H. 1. niei wiieu uieru is an excess in tlie blood, to be ....!!...! . e I n . . . . iieu in iimu 01 neeti. jjiii no siicn provision is mado for laying up a surplus of tho inoredieiits that mako muscular fibre, nerves, brain, and bone. Hence, any excess there may be, in tho food of any animal, must cscane from tho svstom eiitier oy 1110 uovveis, or as urea or other com ... . ! 1 , . . . j - pound in trie excretions by the kidneys, by insen sible perspiration, or as tr.is and vanor thron.rli tho lungs. It has been found that to increase the oil, starch, or saccliarino matter in tho food of a cow giving milk, with a view to augment tho yield of butler, vvhilo the supply of tissue-forming or liniin-foriniiig elements was neglected, resims in itdxj instead 01 a gvm in butter. To fallen an animal, it mtit havo not only an excess beyond daily consumption of tho elements that make fat, but enjoy 11 fair supply of all the other ingredients required to form its lean meat, bones, etc. It is practicable by good and skilful keep to augment the daily secretion of milk, and its richness 111 butter and cheese. To attain this result, tho comfort and health of cows must bo studied, and lio at tho foundation of tho iuinrovc inent. Their food in winter should lie cooked, so far as roots, tubers, and grain nro ncd in feeding them. They should bn well bedded, watered, anil sailed. as we las fed with a variety 01 aunauio nourishment. Ton iiniiortanco . . , . , I, , , 1 ,, n- j.-j,-.viiu nun. luuBUlUllin Hl'lll variety 111 thu food of herbivorous animals is too not liable in point of fact, nor the principil in much overlooked by most agriculturists. Re- point of law. On appeal to the Court of C issa iiieiuher this unvarying law: Every part of tho tion thu judgment with reference to tho seconds vvMem i!iu,tbo supplied witli its appropriate, was affirmed, and that with reference to the elements 111 an available form ; and every excess principal, reversed and in tho exercise of its 01 any element beyond tho requirements of discretion try power this Court sent the case to .....ilu .u tnucit tosstotlto ownerot tlio stocl;. Wo mu.it resume the invojtigition of thU iulur.jtho day of trial tho'comt loom was ciowdeJ cstlng subject, and endeavor to point out to practical farmers tho composition of various plants, nnd their value in forming fat, lean meat, bone, brain, wool, cheese, and other animal products. Parisian Duels nml Parisian Society. The Law Reporter for August last contains n reportpf a case tried in one of tho French courts, wherein some of the most distinguished of the French capitol are prominently concerned, and whir.li, aside from its legal interest, affords some curious glimpses at Parisian society, Parisian chivalry, and the like. We condense from the article "in the Law Reporter. On or aliotit the 1st of March, 1845, there was an evening party at tho house of Mademoi selle Lcvicnnc, an artiste of some distinction of tho Theatre Vaudeville. Amongst tho other entertainments of the evening the card-table was not neglected, and, singularly enough, it was found, at tho conclusion of the play, that there was a stake of some 800 without a claim ant. It was accordingly agreed that it should be appropriated towards defraying tho expenses of a dinner, at which tho persons present should attend with such friends as they deemed proper to invito, and that the additional expense should bo met by a personal assessment. Pursuant to this arrangement, on tho 7th of March, there were assembled nt dinner at tiie restaurant iks Fieres I'nnencrititx eighteen or twenty persons, among whom was Air. Diijaricr, chief editor of La I'resse, M. do llcauvallon, one of the editors of the , M. the Count do Flours, do Hcau- voir, Arthur Ilortrand, several actresses, and M'lle Ipvieniif. Diijaricr is represented as a man of brilliant parts, whoso ability had raised tho value of La I'resse from a mere nominal sum to .$12,000 per share, paying an animal dividend at the time of his decease of $1,178. He him-elf owned eight shares, lie wn, more over, a hltle rough m Ins manners, and some' tunes ilrv towards thoe hoilid not like. Hut he was a viinenu, and this could not bo overlooked 1... .1. . . it i. ill IUI I, 111 IIIL WIITHS III lll! Ol M 0 CO 1I1SC . IS a man of high spirit, bearing him-elf nobly and I proudly, coinin Hiding the crowd by the fascina-lj'!ry lion of his speech, and the choicest of his asso ciates fiv tho grandeur ofhis play." I lie uiimer was nt one ol the most celebrated e.-tablMnnents of tho Palais Royalc. Tho dan- ring was animated, and the gamingcxlravagatit. I overruled tho exception, and decreed the plain One of the ciiun-ol thus commented upoii it :''" mother and nephew 20,000 francs, and " I distrust that kind of life when a man (all 11-, dofuilt of payment, the imprisonment ol lleau ding to Ileaiivallon,) gains by Ins profession yallon for two years. Hero endeth the proceed 500 francs per month, and wins l-.',000 in 1111 a"d our summary. (M Colony Memo- evening. Is it said -uch winnings weru a happy ''"'' accident, and th it ho had not the money to lose ' We ought to find such conduct only in a million-1 Hornets fiom the Inst No. of Willmcr anil ilirc-111,1 ' '"' wl" i watch, and ,us it rr the means. ,r going to a ImII, again .11...T: 1 i iT ... ., .iiiiiuili'. i'i irntj til lli;ilinlllOIl S ' yoillllllll 1IHIIS' ,:....?! 11... .1 ...' .i- . .1 Hut -fti the state of thiiiL's at this party, amljuilge Hie Irecilom of its m tuners and its language. In this world every thing has a iinipiiety of place. A liberty that would he highly oIl'ciiMic in a company of (Junkers would be perfectly in placo in the convivial entertain ments of a gay and disolu!e as-emb!y. I know, indeed, that this as-ombly, so dining, and dan cing, and gambling, is not to bu thus character ized, for .M'lle h'liicnue was there; M'lle Alice Clery was there ; ami M'lle Atala Iteaiichcno na 1111.1v , .iiiu .11 Luiiinu 11 w.is iiuriuciiy lllim- .!,.. . .....I C !. r..-.l 1 ami where tho set and sober tone of every one s conversation is not to bo wearied by rule, or rc- " "X. .. . ..' .V V ", "V , . iiieiiiuoruo ny u.iv-ngiii. 1 no cum pany were " feo and easy," ad Dujarier was one of the , free-t. He rallied lleauvoir about his diess, his 1 ,.., t 1,;, i,ir i.t tJ( i.ii. ...o ....... ...... in., i,,ii.-iwii., in 1tn11.11 1111 ck.. p?. - ' Yl lno C,,e 01 1110 game, ji. n ut won mo, and I), had lo-t $500. II. al-o claimed of 1). two stakes, one of 8300, and one of l$33(i, the former of which I), denied, but acknowledging the latter, he borrowed ten Napoleons of tho landlord, a grievous olFeiice according to tlie laws of the cafe, which, witli a sum added from his own purse, was sufficient to pay tho debt. The whole matter was settled without any irri tating words, and appirently without ollenco to either party. Tho next day Dujarier was waited on by M, lOquevilliers ami Count tie Flours, with voir a tieinaiui mr s uii.triion, in nenaii 01 uotli lleati- nd lliaiiv.tllon. Dujarier expressed his surprise, hut nevertheless named two friends with whom Ihoso gentlemen might make ar rangements. The seconds met to settle prelim inaries, lly the laws of duelling when two challenge, the challenged may select bis adver sary, jiui iii'uttvoir s mouier died 1110 night after tho challengo was given, which put him Aurs ilu comlmt for a month. Ileaiivallon alono p.,,i " ,' 1 ' . ,:,i ,i, ' ' r ' i v . . '':. ' . l..rt I !.... . ..LI. ..!.. .!. .... 1 .....i T r -., . ... - - . nothing of either. Vet. notvvill,sta,li,r the lissuasions of his friends, and the unequal con test, he resolved to light, as, if ho declined on am, tho most reasonable iirptnneo. bw nnilinn as a journalist would bo sure to forco tinon him other meetings of tho kind. Tho day before that 11"l"t''l,i "as been .submitted by him to the Gov. appointed for tho meeting ho went to Alexander crtimont and approved of ; and directions have Dumas, tho great novelist, his friend, to pay a l)ee" i"s"cil to commence providing tho neces debt, and desired liim to present the check to his s;lr)' supplies of stores and provisions for the banker before tho hour of meeting, as lie would , lnli' v" aro 10 r,)n" members. Dr. Rich not pay it after his decease. Ho returned to bis aitUon accompanied Sir J. Franklin in his exnc- lodgings, and spent the night in drawin" up his will and writitiL' letters to bis friends. To bis mother ho wrote us follows; " If this letter reaches you, my dear mother, I shall bo dead or grievously wounded when you receive it. I fight to-morrow with pistols. It is a necessity and I meet it liko a man cf cour - age. If any thing could make 1110 hesitate it is the thought that you will feel the pain of tho blow which I nny receive; but honor is itnpo- rious, and if jour tears aro to llovv, I prefer to have them fall for a son worthy of vou, rather than for a coward. Ono feeling soltens mv ro gret. It is that my last thoughts will In) of you. I am calm and self-possessed ; tho right is on my side, and 1 abandon mjelf to destiny. A dioti, my pear mother; I embrace you from the bottom of my heart, and with all tho affection of my filial lovo. Dujakiku." The parties met as appointed, and at tho first Ura Dujarier fell shot through tho head. Ileaii vallon and tho seconds wero immediately ar rested by tho .lico. Tho French law is, nil voluntary homicido is murder. "All murder Willi premeditation is ass.-issiiintmn." ITiuW ty this tho Court of Accusation, answering nearly of to our irraild illl-v. d. wM. ..I il.n .1 .1 'tno Unuit ol Assizes, at Rouen for trial On with distinguished Parisians, attracted by the novelty of the case, nnd tho high position o( tho partios concerned. Dumas was among tho wit nesses', and llcrrycr, the first advocate of Paris, was of counsel for the defence. Ho was elo quent and Ingenious ; laboring chiefly to jntstify the challenge, for, this done, a French jury holds the consequences legitimate, His speech vvasbril liannt. Ho was saucy to tho Jiidge,andnpplaudcd by tho audience, l.con Duval, for tho prosecu tion, urged tho inequality of tho contcst that R. foiight with tho samo pi'lols with which lie had practised that ho took deliberate aim that ho sought the nlfair, and dwelt particularly upon the youthful theft of 11. as going, to show that ho was of such a character that he could not as sume to bo a gentleman, nnd demand tho satis faction of a gentleman; but ho saw that the current of feeling was against him, and closed ns follows: " lly whom fortlrrco days have wo been surrounded ? Whoso company have wo kept 1 Is such a duel that " complement of civ ilization" of which you have heard, and is tho nice honor which it should preserve but nurtured amid the excitement ot a dimij " parly, by wine, women, and cards? lleauvallnii may' escape, but the high and chivalric cause of honor will gain nothing by his impunity. Such a cause is disgraced by tho connection, and duelling itself will, by this example, heroine ridiculous." Tho judge charged that to kill a man in a 1 duel is murder by tho law of France that tho I fact of killing being proved by tho voluntary discharge of a loaded pistol, the defendant was chargeable with tho ollenco Imputed to him that tho circumstances under which the chat lcngo was given might mitigate tho verdict, if there was great provocation that a duel pro duced by excited passion, or by an impulse of human prido or human weakness, might lie en titled to leniency but that if the alleged prnvo caliott was a mere pretence to gratify previous malice, it was a mask which tho law would in dignantly remove, nnd visit upon the ofl'ender tho penalty incurred by deliberate assassination. The jury retired, and after being out ten min utes returned with a verdict of acquittal. It takes but a majority to render a verdict in France. Thus eiuled lhe criminal process that an winch, arcorilni; to tho v rencli law, the 'lilV0 " 1'0, "ut pleadings wore imino ui.nui,)' cuiiiniL'iiiA-u in reunion to 1110 civil 11-images, before the court. It was contended that tho verdict just returned, was decisive upon the c'v'' !s "'ell as criminal process but tho Court .Smith's Knropenn Times received by the Urttiiiinia. OBITUARY. Lord Cowi.kv. Wo regret to announce that tho Paris papers of Wednesday bring us accounts ofthe death ofthe Right Hon. Iird Cowley, the late ambassador for Kngland at the Court of tho Tuileries. Tho lamented event took place at his lonMiip's residence, in tho Place Vendome, Paris, on Tue-day evening. The noble lord had been for somo time past in a very precarious state, but for some days previous to his decease he had so far rallied that hopes wero entertained of his ultimate recovery. At the end ot lat week, however, ho began to relapse, nnd ho con tinued to decline till death put an end to his suf ferings. ,ord Cowley, as U known to mo-t of our readers, was the younger brother ofthe Duke r -.,ii:...-... n r .. . . "y8'"- . years younger man ills uraco, Having luen Horn in 177 1, ant being consequently in he 71th year of his ao. horiFCowlcy, in tile course ofhis Ion- life, held 1 ..rZ 1.1..1 ... . e 1 ... rt.-vui. Li 111 me iii"i est i mi ti c- o ices, navi i" ?j .-' " - at vic;,v Irom 1810 to 18 10 ambis-ador at Paris. Lord Cowley is succeeded in his title by his son by a first marriage, the lion. Henry Richard Welles ley, who is married to the 'daughter of Lord Henry Fitzgerald and the U.trunos do Uos. .Sin W.vt.Tr.n .Shut Died of dysentery, at the Cape ol (.oixl lloie, on his way home from Madras, l.iciitenaiit-Colonel Sir Walter Scott, II trt.of Abhutsford, eldest son ami last surviving child ofthe author ol Waicrleij. Sir Walter was born in 180 1, and was a lieiit.-coloncl in the 15lh Hu-irs. The baronetcy is extinct, but the Ablwtslbrd property pas-es to Walter Scott I.nck Inrt, a cornet in the Itilh Lancers, the only son of tho editor of tho Quarterly Review, and the onlv ifrandsou ol the author of Wiuerhu. Sir Walter was married in lbJ5 to a. Miss Jobs.on,of Jjocltorc, rile, who still survives. lli-utu" oy Souon ami Max. Tho death of the recently-appointed Ilishop of Sodcr and .Man (Dr. W. A. Shirley), took place on the i!lt tilt. His lordship was the Iliinpton Lecturer of the present year, and had delivered only two of the lectures vv hen his course was thus early termina ted at the very commence'iif lit, it was hoped, of a career of extensiro usefulness. The Duke of Argylo expired on tho 26th tilt., in his 70th year, lie is succeeded in his estates and honours by liis only sou (.eorge, Marquis of Lorn, who married, in 1833, the eldest daughter of the Duke of Sutherland. Sir David (ioiild, (!. C. II., senior Admiral ol the lied, and Vice-Admiialof tho United Kui; ' ""'. died 011 the t!3r.l tilt., aged 8!). I lo was the . irieuu and messniato ot . I r'L U ' "ssinaio 01 aoi-oii, i.ouney, uoou, Hothatii, Hyde Parker, Ac NoitTll Polar Exi'Emriov. Tho nlan of an overland expedition to the north pole, under the .llr.,o.;.... nr 11. 1..1... m-i 1 i 1 direction of Dr. Sir John Richardson, of Ilaslar I liltl1"1 to l,lc 'lr"lh l"',u " 1810. Tho officers of ' Warenco-yaril, Portsmouth, havo been directed I to 'urni-b 300 rounds of beef and 5000 lbs. of lilnI' wlllc'i will bo undo into pemmican cakes, I ns I':irt of1,,l previsions to be taken out. It is ,, ,ini'0 11,0 immcdiato superinten- 1 "t-'Jico of !r Jol.n Richardson, Siiaksceare's House. The Sh ikspjaro ('lub of Stratford-on-Avon lately addressed a letter to Inrd Morpeth, informing him that the houso in ' which Shakspeare was born will soonbjsold.and ! expressing an opinion that the property should bo placed under tho protection of tho Government. To this letter Lord .Morpeth lus replied that the members of tho Government think that the ac quisition of so interesting a property pertains rather to the people than to tlio Government of England. Mr. Rancroft, tho United States Minister in England, has been on a visit to Paris. On Sun-day-, the 14th, ho was received by King lmis Phillippo. Mr. Ingersoll, the U, States Minister to Russia, accompanied by .Mr. Colin and Mr. Ingersoll, attaches ofhis embassy, were also re ceived by tho King at the samo time. They wero all presented by Mr. Martin, oftho United Statoa embissy ill this city. Tho King, I tin derst.iuil, received one and ull in tho kindest 111 inner vv itli something more than mere kingly politeness, Eliliu llurritt, the "learned blacksmith," is e.iecteil in Paris, lie is not so much known ill this nait of the u'nrld as In. U in (-'...lnn.l I.... 'l0 w'" ucveitholu.is, meet a hearty reception. Moro Americans and American families are now in Paris than at any previous period. Kv cry month the nrrivals from America increase. Poor O'Conncll is sinking daily. The ac counts which como to hand, through the medium of tho French papers, show that his earthly ca reer Is drawing to a close. Like Warwick, who created and deposed kings, tho man that made and unmade cabinets, is physically powerless as a babe. Such is life such ambition I "Tho path of glory leads but to tho grave." Differ ences of opinion do nnd will exist respecting the nature of his influence on society; but all who can contemplate mental powers through eyes less jaundiced titan tboso of political parti sanship, will placo him in tho category of nobil ity, one of those iron-ncrved souls, "fit to com mand a world, and rule it when 'tis wildest." Tho grave softens nsperitics. We war not with the dying or tho dead. Even a brave foe that has fallen commands the respect and symapathy of bravo men. Wo stated some months ago, through an exclusive source, that tho hand of death was upon O'Conncll. Ho is now, poor fellow, in its embraces. Devout Catholic as ho is, O'Conncll is anxious to reach the eternal city to bo dismissed to his great reckoning, by tho bead of his church. Whether his aspira tions will bo realized, is another mailer. He has been obliged to tarry at Lyons, from sheer inability to bear the fatigues of travelling ; nnd he has been compelled to decline the compli mentary addresses and vi-its of the admiring Frenchmen who thronged his hotel. His sand is run nut, but he has seen the number of days allotted to humanity. Fashions for. Mav. Taffetas noires, pokins foutanges, popelines, India muslins, toiles do Nankin of silk, taffetas chines with wide stripes, glaces silks checked or striped, intermixed with bouquets broclies, foulards do lainc, pekins do rois, are all fashionable materials at tiiis mo ment; many plain and glaco silks arc embroid ered ;w.w, commencing at tho bottom of the skirt, and diminishing gradually to the corsage. Slighter materials aro trimmed with several rows of flounces, the corsages full, nnd dctni- large sleeves. For rcdingntcs fancy buttons, or mends of ribbon, or of tho same material, aro the only trimmings used. They are sometimss embroidered with narrow gimp. Foulards are much used lor peignoirs, ornamented with den tello do sole, the color ofthe dress. Velvet will continue in favor to ornament dresses, ns well as fringes and gimp3 of every variety; lloitnces nro indispensable for full dress; lively bright colors are fashionable. Tight bodies havo the I .. f .-...!.. - ..... I I -. , l ... : . 1 . 1 ..... :.. c.... r -1:. ...1 t-l. e...! 1. ...:.i. innna iuiiiiiii:- i. 1 minui-i. iiuhh ai, un- ,ai-i, Mill ' ceiuturc and buckle; the ccintiiro cannot take tho form ofthe point behind. Muslin dresses of tho rcdingote form aro ornamented with tulle and lace ; tho corsages high and full, as well as . tho sleeves, which have coulisses from top to 1 bottom, phicod a little npart. Tho manic mar IIU. III llllllb IUI 1 UUlll"lHU.s, WIIIUI. llllisil .iii. quise, and the mantelet Anilalouso will be tho pardessus most in favor this season. The uianto marquise partakes a little of tho visitc, but is larger and fuller, without being so heavy ; there , aie tliree iniierent styles 01 trimming. 1'urde aiu iiireu .iiiicreni siyius ui inn 111 1 g I'urue-, ini-toiletto tho frills are the same material, that'. is, of taffetas plain or glace of dark color, with or without giip: When required handsomer, thev are embroidered, all over, as well as on the frills. Still handsomer arc those trimmed with tw o frills of laconic low er one very deep, headed by one about a third the width of the first. The mantelets for deuii-toiletto are of plain dark taf fetas, trimmed with the same material ; the form will vary but little from those of preceding years, but they are shorter in front, lllack is less worn for all pardessus Ibis season; pale colors glaces are preferred. The spring Punnets and capotes are a little moro open in lorm ; the crowns round, and tho fronts not very deep; lilac, pink, and light green are the favorite col ors. Flowers aro the Usual ornaments, or fo liage. The materials are, as usual at this sea son, pa'tlle de riz, crape, tulle lace, fancy straws. Items. Tho number of sailing vessels, wrecked in IS lf amounted to 537, the tonnage to 81,800. Some curioity has been excited at Cork by the arriv al, from New Orleans, of a ship wholly 111 inned by blacks. Her Majesty lately subscribed JC200 in aid of 1110 v.aeiic sciioois iinuer me superintendence 01 the Free Church. Mr. Bancroft, tho American Minister, was prevented by illness from attending her Majes ty's levee on Wednesday last. Mr. Etty's picture of Joan of Arc, in tlie Royal Academy, this year has realized the hand some sum of 500 guineas. Mr. Koliert C. Winthrop, representative of .1 r.....i . 1 . , me ciiy ui Musiun, was present ni ner -viajesiy s levee. ' The Queen and Prince Albert vi-it the Ital ian Opera in Coveut Garden, and the ono in tho Hayinarket, almost every alternate night. Tho Irish poor relief commissioners state, that between tho LSTlli of February and tho 10th of April, in the shape of circulars, &c, they have consumed fourteen tons of paper. Tho son of Mchetnet Ali, who died in Paris lately, has been conveyed to Marseilles, pre vious to the body being sent to Alexandria. A vessel named tho Isaliella, arrived in the .Mersey nn tho 22nd tilt., from Lima, with spe cie in cargo to the amount of il'JfiO.OOl). On Monday the Mayor of Wexford sent the Mayor of Liverpool a present of 'J50 shipwreck ed emigrants by the Roche-tor, confiding them to tho jiistico and charity oftho people of Liver pool. The distress inSivoyisat tho present so great, that throughout every part of that coun try, extending along the lake of Geneva, bread is now selling at ten sous per pound. T. M. Raj", the Repeal Secretarj-, has issued a private circular appealing earnestly to the members to renew their subscriptions for the present j'oar, tho funds being at tho lowest ebb. A copy of tho work written by Henry VIII., in answer to Luther, and which had belonged to tho celebrated Crantner, and contained his autograph, was sold in IJttdon last week for X'3 10s. The materials already used in building tho new Houso of P.trlium;nt, include eight to nino hundred thousand tons of stone, twenty-four millions of bricks, and live thousand tons of iron. Sir R. G. Ilooth, of Sligo, is fitting a fine ship, of 800 tons, for tho purposo of convoying the Kxir on Ids estate to tho North American colonies. Disturbances havo taken place at Prague.nw ing to the number of hinds thrown out of em ployment. Tho military was called, und it is feared that blood was shed. Tho Svner '.titling says that tho States of tho .ollverciu havo agreed not to renew tho trea ty of commerce and navigation concluded on the Slid of March, 1811, with Great llritaiu. Tho latest accounts from Ireland represent the mortal career of tho lird Lieuteiiint as drawing rapidly towards a close. Tho Dublin Evening Post holds out no hojw of his recovery. The llritisli colonies throughout lite world oc cupy an urea of i, 1!),703 square miles, with a tota'l imputation of 107,708,323. Their exports and imHirts amount to 55,533,500 1 lerling,and I they 11033033 7,51 1,530 tuns of shipping. Aj tho sale of Colonel Durrant's rare coins on tlioL'8th nit., a penny of Egbert, first sole mon arch, coined in 830, realized 155s; a shil ling of Henry tho VII., the first coin issued in England umfer that denomination, sold for jCll. The Orcat Western Company aro about to adopt engines of a novel cpnstruction, which aro to ensure greater steadiness to locomotion, and travel at a speed equal to eighty-four miles an hour. The Admiralty have ordered the chief engin eer of tlio respective establishments to inspect the machinery of all her majesty's vessels, whether in commission or in ordinary, once eve ry fortnight, with the view of keeping the en gines always efficient. Tho French Chamber of Deputies has ex pressed Its anxiety that the effigy of Ronaparte should be restored to tho cross of the Ixjgion of Honour, instead of that of Henry IV., and that tho town of llourbon-Vendee should resume tho name of Ville Napoleon. Tho Northern Railway of tho F.mpcror Fer dinand was opened on tlm 7th lilt, as far as O denburg, in Prussian Silcia. ' It completes the largest line of railway projected in (iermany.and unites Vienna, llerli'n, and Hamburgh, three of the important mercantile towns in the derma uic confederation. The Man who took Percussion Pills. A few days since a -chap" called at one of onr drug stores for tho purpose of procuring a Ihix of pills, when the following conversation took place between him and tho clerk : " Got any Percussion Pills ?" " Any what!" " Percussion Pills ?" " No, sir." " Why father told mo you kept'em here." " .Mistake, wo have llrandreth's and various other kinds lice's pills, Smith's pills, Moffat's pills, Railroad pills, High pressure pills, Head ache pills, liluc pills, Worm pills, and pills enough to physic tho whole ' Holland Pur chase." " Well, I'm sattin ho told mo Percussion pills, nml them's the kind I want." " Don't know whero that kind is kept, sir, un less at tlie gun-smith's." ' Where's that ? ' " Just down where you see that sign bang-1-'"" '' "" legacy will have been performed, lug over the walk. I'm going along that vvay;und the wide philanthrophy of Smithson have nnd will show von." Soulier were w e iiisiuo uiu uuui inai. iiu . :.i i.- .1...... 1.-., l. ..- .. i . tuiiiinueu Say, have you got any o' these ere Percus sion pills?" " Yes." " Well, I want some." " How many ?" " Why a box ; they always como in boxes, don't they ?" " No, sir!" " Well, I want a box any how, though I don't xpect intake tint a dose. One tchat! ,. 11.1 1 , 1 .... " t I J P ' you know what a doo is X - ,, rtf.' I .1 .. . 1.... e. tu. .i... ...1.- : -.Mi- 1 ... , .., , , Shuot ? well, I cul'latc they won't set me back lunch if thev do shoot, for " " Hut it'll kill you to tako 'em." " I don't caro a darn ; the old man said them was the kind I must take, and I ain't afeurd of 'em." ' Just as you say, if yon will ; there's a box." ' How much ?" "Killy cents." "W-h-e-w! Fifty thunders! l5ok here, mister none of your huup-a-doodles they don't ax but two shillings for tbee things any where else, and you can't come none of your thing um-bubs over mo no bow." ' Cant' sell'em any less." Oh. vnn oil. nut " Not by tie: box but I'll let you havo half-a lozen for sixpence; von hadn't better take them, though, for just as like as not they'll blow vou up." " U't'em blow ; I guess father knows 1) from bull's foot, and he said 'twas tho kind, and I'll swallar 'em any bow So he took tho pills and left. A day or two afterwards the individual walked into the drug . upon it, by prescribing nnd appropriating its store and said lie " rather guessed he'd made a vast interior compartments, and by other posi mistake alwut them pills, as they didn't operate 1 the expressions of their will, much, but grii.ed the all-lired-est." What he I To conform strictly to instructions, nnd yet wanted and meant to inquire for was a box of , keep within the pecuniary limits assigned' to Ch iso's Resurrection l'ills," as they are called, but by mistake girf lxrcitssinn into liis head, and stuck to it like a good fellow. liataiia Sidril ofthe Times, J ADDRESS OF VICE PRESIDENT DAL LAS AT THE LAVING OF THE CORNER STONE OF THE SMITHSON IAN INSTITUTION. Fi'.iF.xns axu Fellow Citizens : It has lieen deemed proper that at a ceremony so interesting as the present to the Smithsonian Institution, its chief officer should make to vou a few general remarks explanatory of its origin, its purposes, its plans, and its prospects. L-t in i, therefore, ns I; your attention while I undertake that duty. The Congress oftho United States, by an act pas-cd on tho lOlh of Augu-t last, organized "an eitahlishmrnl," through tho instrumentality of which to apply faithfully to its directed objects a legacy of live hundred thousand dollars, received liv our Government under the will of a philoso phic and lienevnlent Eiiglishin 111. This " rttah-li-'un'nt" is composed of our highest public functionaries for the time lieiug the President, I he Vice President, the Chief Ju-tice, and the Heads of tho six Executive Departments, with the Commissioner of the Patent Odice and the Mayor of Washington ; and, as the active coun cil of management, a board is created of fifteen, known in the act by tho scholastic name of" re gents," ono fifth of" them chosen by the Senate, another fifth by the House of Representatives, and the remaining three fifths bvtho joint action of both legislative chambers. It is to accommo date this imposing agencj-, to give it ierin.inent and suitable means with which to effectuate its important and various purposes, and to shelter as well as exhibit its collections and property, that Congress enjoined to bo erected, " of plain and durable materials and structure, without tin. necessary ornament," the edifice whose corner stone j'oii have seen so skilfully deposited. James Smithson, a Liudoner born, and claim ing to Iw the son of a distinguished nobleman,! gave his life exclusively to intellectual pursuits, and especially to researches in physical and ex perimental science. Supplied witli larger means than his wants required, and steadily practising a strict scheme of person il ocouninj', he am is', sed considerable fortune. He died at Genoa in 182'J, and, by his will, I qiteathed his accumulated property to this Union a country that, notwithstanding his frequent change of abode, bo had never visited, whose citizens ho had never associated with, but in whoso inevi'ablo future ho saw tne most solid ground 011 which tu cast tho anchor of his fame. This legacy, for soino time tho subject of litiga tion in tho llritish Court of Chancery, w is I'm illy secured, biought over, and received into the Treasury of tliu United States on tho lt of Sep tember, 183S. Its exact amount, when depos ited, was I 'no hundred and liltcctl thousand 0110 hundred and tixtv-uiuo dullard. Tho legacy was accompanied by a declaration of its deign. iTml the execution of the design ban lieen assumed, as well by an acceptance of the money as by several open and formal avowels by our Government It was to "found an insti tution at Wuihinglon for the increase and diffu sion nfhnatclnljfc among nten ;" lo found, not nn academy, not a college, not a university, but something less technical nnd precise, something whose import and circuit should lie liolder and more comprehensive ; an institution not merely fur disseminating, spreading, teaching knowl edge, but also and foremost, for creating, origi nating, increasing it. Where at ? In the city whoso name recalls tho wisest, purest and no blest spirit of tho freest, newest and broadest land. And among whom ? Not a chosen or designated class not the followers of a parti cular sage or sect not tlie favorites of fortune, nor the lifted of rank but among men men of every condition, of every school, of every faith, of every nativity I Men ! It wns with a purioo thus elevated ami expansive, thus nsvvell dilincl as niidiscriminating, that .fames Smillison com mitted his wealth to the guardianship of tho American Republic. Whatever may be the dif ference of opinion as to tho comparative merits of the many modes of practically realizing this purpnp, it is quite certain that tho good failh and liet exertions of our country aro solemnly pledged to its fulfilment. We must try it try it sincerely, indefatigably, trtistwnrthily ; try it through nil the diversified and promising chan nels try it with no narrow cxcluivcness of choice or prejudice as to systems, sciences, or arts. The intention of the benefactor was to make his endowment a perennial fountain of wisdom, as well practical as theoretic or imagi native, vvhoe living waters should be uncea singly distributed to advance the intelligeneo, comfort, and happincssof human beings. When, at no distant day I trust, it shall bo seen that within the walls of this building tho truths of nature are forced, by persevering re searches, from their hidden recesses, mingled with the stock already hoirded by genius and in dustry, and thence profusely scattered by gra tuitous lectures or publications for the benefit of all; when it shall be seen that hero universal science finds food, implements, and a tribune art, her spring to invention, her studio, and her models ; and both shall have throngs of disciples from the ranks of our people, emulous for en lightenment or eager to assist then, the condi- achieved its aim As a lieginning to tho plan for effecting a re sult so interesting, Congress have deemed and declared the erection of a large and commodious edifice indispensable. The board of Regents were, by the legislative charter, instructed to select, as soon as they were organized, a site, and to cause a structure to be reared, and titat structure to make " of sufficient size, and with suitable rooms or balls, for tlie re ception and arrangement, upon a liberal scale," first, of objects of natural history, including a geological and mineralogical caoinct ; secoml, ol a chemical laboratory ; third, of a library ; 4th, of a gallery of art; fifth, of the necessary lec ture rooms ; and sixth, ofthe national cabinet of curiosities and relics now poorly and partially accommodated in the upper story of the Patent office. It is tho first duty of the Regents to obey the unequivocal behests of Congress to carry them out faithfully, 011 the scale and in the spirit they obviously import ; and to let their measures llovv, not from their own discretion, but from the provisions of the law which they aro empowered to execute. I say this in expla nation of the dimensions which tho building in-t ,iii?o--!irily take. It i. . h.i'ii consecrated to the various and boundless objects that tend to " increase and diffuse know ledge." Its erection will not subtract one dollar from tho fund entrusted by a generous stranger to tho care of our Government, but must lie defrayed by a contribution voluntarily added by Congress irom our ow n treasury, iinuer tne name nt in- terest accrued before the 1st of July, 18 10. It is designed to pirticipate, ns a satellite, in tho 1 duration and march or our glorious Union to bo tho depository of all the rare productions of ' nature and art w'hich centuries may gather, and to throw open halls sufficiently ample to contain tne Know leiigc-seeiiing inascs 01 our country- men. Congress have stamped this character mem 10 jiroviue uie space caneu tor, and yet avoideven tho appearance of unnecessary ex pansion to combine solidity with architectural beauty and wholesome ventilation, and to satis fy at once true taste and stent economy by ban ishing useless embellishment, were aims always controlling and uppermost vv itli the Regents. How far they have succeeded time w ill show, and nitist lio left to the candor of public opinion. Not doubting that the eierieiiced and reliable contractors for tho work will ;n complisli their undertaking, in all the details, with cxactitiulo and fidelity, I may venture to give yon an antic ipation in "brief of tlie building whose first stone is now laid. Its exterior will present a specimen of the style of architecture that prevailed some six centuries ago, chiefly in Germany, Normandy, and Southern Europe, which preceded tlin Gothic, und continues to recommend it-elf, for structures like this, to the mo-t enli"litencd judgment. It is known as the Norman, or more strictly speaking, the Isunbird style. It har monizes alike vvilh the exlcnt, tho' grave Uses, and the massive strenglh of (he edifice; it ex acts a certain variety in the forms of its parts; and it authorizes any additions that convenience may require, no matter how seemingly irregu lar thev may be. " 0 It will extend, east and west, an entire front of tour hundred and twenty six-feet, bavin" a central building of fifty by 'two hundred feet" in the clear, inside, vsiili two towers ; two wings of unequal fronts ; the east one forty-five by seventy-five feet in tlie clear, inside, with a vestibule and porch attached to it ; the west ono thirty-four by sixty-five feet in (lie clear, inside, with a northern semi-circular projection. These wings will lie connected with the central building by two ranges ixty feet in length in the clear, inside. It will have a central rear tower, and other towers of different heights, sizes, and characters, two of them placed in tho wings. All these numerous towers are essential to ar rangements within as flues, stairvvavs, vcntil a,ors, and detached room and are of different heights, varying from sixty toone hundred and fifty feet. Tlie first story of the central building will be occupied by the library, the chief lec ture room, and the principil hall ; the second story by tho museum. Tlie lalmratory and chemical lecture room will occupy the cast wing; tho gallery of art tho western wing and western connecting range; and the national cabinet o curiosities may ho in the eastern con necting range, Tho chosen material is a free stone of a lilac grey color, drawn from a quarry 011 the banks of the Chcaspeakc and Ohio Canal near Seneca Creek, and but twenty three miles from this spot. It is gratifying lo tne to lie able to accompany Ibis inijierfect sketch Willi the statement that the entire pile is to bo finished and fiirnished.and lilted tip, lor a Mini less, by thirty-seven llion. sand didlars, Ihaii the one set apart by Cunreso as applicable to the building alone.