Newspaper of The New York Herald, January 26, 1842, Page 2

N K vV V OK k HERALD. New V oi l*. Wnl iirailaj', jRiiuory 'JO. 1^4 '4. Nurrl i'ol 11 lr nl Movement III Pllllntlelplilii The Philadelphia paf r.-of yesterday five an account ot a political movement in favor of President TyVrand the present administration, which improbably the tirsi popular astiembUae of the kind that has takeu place .11 this country. The following are the proceedings : \ a s Mketis ; of the PloiLk?tvlk* an Dolorr*ct. Tne City and County Meeting was h< Id las' even- 1 l'. in pursuance of a call signed bv Jn"n '-1"" j" J I 'X? i ne uouri noom was rr?>wu?-u o ... .?..7 ciir The incHing wds or^?uby calluiii 1 nosi, - VuiAOi-OHit Km, ,t<> the di.itr. Itnti appointing the following Vic l'res drnis and Secretaries : V|CE f'UKrlPEHTS. For tor 1m /ml.i'-t- '.uni r 'wuoir, 3a ml. Cuen. Wm IVun Feruev, Col .Wiianiel G. Gales, and Charier Khoror. . ? , . Fm ("if i' fH?l> if/? 1 ilnviland, Tlui?. 3. Smith. J..-. ph UrtKion , l-eiiar* Mealey, and Col. John S. Warner. _ ,, ? Fta t'\t3l l"'t' l?i K. Mears, Michael Andre.--, Fis.Vr, deorge E.lia, mid Htury HelIff. ^ SkikktK??bert Morr.-, Jiweph UedhHi^r, i i.; Plminipau, Lr Jae L. Tyson. Thoniar N. Vaux. Abraham Myers, and 1J. S. Clawges. Ti' i-puking wm appropriate and spirit-stirring. A . the most prominent of those who utidren-fd the crowded as-^rnhldne, were Thomas Bradford, Etq and Samuel Utt-h. t n niotiou of Samuel Bradford, K.-q. the followC resolutions were read and adopted. Whereas, it is tlie right and usage of the American people, at important period* in their political aifjiis, to ini ettogether and express their sentiments concerning the same. Anil whereas, the Vice'President id the t 'nited Stntes having become by the act of Providence, iheronstitution.il Chief Magistrate of the Nation, it is the duty o( all u hu believe that the present Administration ot the Union, now in the outset of its career, is con ducted with signal ability, and is aiming with untiling vetil to promote the good of the country,freely to utter iheir opinions in favor of their faithful public set vauts : Therefore, as ihe sense of this meeting, he it 1. Ktii'lvrd, That however we might admit the necessity ot party association, under certain etrctimstunces. for the purpose ol vindicating principles or accomplish ing an asures, that there are penods when a paramount regaid to the public good demands the union of the people under the broad banner of patriotism, inscribed with the motto of''Oi n rsrsrsi, i l k whole colmtuv, ISO S10TMINO U"T OCR Cot'NIRV." i. Rrto'vtd, That we believe such n crisis now to exist, mid as u tines ma to the fact, we point to the exhausted condition of the National Treasury, the suspen led luitli end embarrassed r? souices of individual States, the de. " "."lint moiii'tnrv institutions. tlie iter inurement ol currency. the hopeless bankruptcy ol thousands ol our fellow citizens, the langour (hit paralizea the mm ol" In-dry and the losom of enterprise, and finally to the diaiiacted and wavering condition of our National Legislature. H. Hrauli'fd, That we hold it to be one of the most imI ortant obligations of the National Government, to furnish a curi ency w hich may facilitate business, and enable industry to find its highest rewards ; and that a Bank of the United States and a Sub-Tn usury, have hoth become impructicabh , bi cause opjiosed by a majority of the people. 4 K'-"h'd, That in the disastrous statefof our monied afiaits, the rests't of a defectivo system of Banking, exreasit e speculation, and the want of a sound circulating liurn. the Exchequer Bill proposed by the Natio i :1 Executive, is calculated to art'ord relief to dnti< . el improM-oieut to currency,and is ameasure upon w hich all parties can unite without any suriruder el - i.-tifutional scruples or long cherished (>piiuon< H ~,'h That immediate action on the part of i ongn sswi'h reference to this subject, is a duty, the I-rformanre ol which, the people demand of thoir Hop resentativ e?. t Keieh >d, That it be earneatly recommended in the L-gislature of r?nnsylvania, to avail itself of the present opportunity, to introduce reform in the Banking System ol the State, and to grant no charter to an ia stitution of that character in future, without guarding the public from the manifold evils entailed by,the present system7. Ti'tolvtd, That this meeting highly approves of the sentiments expressed ,in the late Message of Governor Porter, enjoining upon our State Legislature the necessity ol pacing a law compelling the Banks of the Commonwealth to resume specie payments at the most practicable time and also the. patriotic stand he has taken in urging the liquidation of our State debt, whereby the high reputation of the gao-t old State of Pennsylvania may still stand uncontsminated in the character she holds at home and abroad. 8. /?.ioh',d. That the administration of President Tylor deserves and shall receive our cardial and united ' ipport, and that we invite patriotic freemen to rally to the standard of a National Executive, whose principles are designed and calculated to promote the welfare and honor ot our country. 9. Hetoivtd, That in the name of the American people we indignantly repel the imputations against his integrity Hnd patriotism, ha/arded by the willing and un scrupulous instruments of faction: and point w ith pride and pleasure to his long career of public service, and the eminent station that he has tilled with such distinguished ability, as his triumphant defence and strongat eulogy. 10. Riinli 'd, That we will approve of future legislation, gradual but certain, which shall reijuiru our hanks to pay specie for their notes, and effectually protect our Commonwealth against all future suspensions. 11. fitsnlrtd. That the measures of National Defence, and the Koreign Policy recommended by President Tyler, will insure our se'eurity at home and our respect abroad. 12. Rri..Iefd, That we deprecate a capricious repeal ofthe recently enacted Bankrupt Law, and trust yet to see its previsions spared to the unfortunate debtor 13. Rrtohnt, That w hile we admit and appreciate the ?mbarrassments of the country, we lime the most unsnaken confidence in the resources and energy of the people; and while we are a\e are ofthe heavy debts of the nation and the separate States, we still rrpildiatr " in rurunos;" and werejoiceto know, although despondency may o'erahadow some portion of the land, that no party can fie found to dopt the violation of plighted faith as an item of its political creed 14 Remtrnt, That we will sustain President Tyler in the principles which have guided him in relation to Executive patronage; and that in refusing to sanction political proscription, and in his determination to prevent olhciil intermeddling, he has honorably (ulfil'rd the I pledge of his lamented and patiiotic predecessor. We regret to state that before the meeting had - -i- - a i ? i -I-..U. i:. .. i liiiriy uuj < iui uru, rirtui;;. nnu iiu uuuui |ircui?~u iuii^u, etlorts were made to distur'.i the proceedings in a manner which disgrace,! tl o** w'10 either promoted cr participated in them Toe crowd tried several t.mes after the adjournment <>t the regular meeting, to organize another meeting?first, by calling Proles tor 1 fare to the Chair, which he declined; then l>nvid Hill, John M. Kennedy, \*c., and when we left, the court room was all tumult and confusion. Colt'* Trial. Tli - .-.nguiar trial ha- reached the rn-rtith i/uy, and m likely to last as'many more. I p to thie stage, urey-thrn witnesses have '.een examined ? Yesterday a number of experiments were made in firing oir Colt's pistol, with simply a percussion cap. The Conit also ordered the dead body of Adams to be disinterred for dissection, in order to ascertain whether a hall enn be found in the head. i hher singular development"' were made ye.-ter day. The body of Adams wa-'dugup yesteaday, It ? head cut off, and the skull brought into court and examined- And the way the killing was done w . fully proved by I >r. I?atid L- Rogers; and i >r Molt agreed with him. The two fatal wounds were bolu given with that hat'hi!, and all the humbug about the pistol wound was blown to the winds.? We advise ovr readers to read the report caiefully, a we bare iront the first dty given the evidence more fully than any other paper. Altogether, this trial presents the most remarkabie features ot any trial ever known. See onr report on the first page $ * Bot.? Ho/?P. i?Vr Dickivs ?We do pity poor Charles 1 ckena from the bottom of our hearts. He has arrived at last. II- has before tutu a series of persecutions in the shape of linncr-", toasts, shaking of the hands, seeing sights, hearing speeches, snd silting up to midnight hours, thai uili I'gvf him hardly tune to say his prayers. There Hie ettqn** of small liUrratturi in all our large cities, that w II almost tear h'm limb from limb in kindness The lust time we -?w Charles was Ht the fir,t annual dinner given in by the "Society <f the Pre?* Association,'' embracing all the editnra and reporter# ?'f th* I. uidon pros- He was seated at one of the tables, at a lone distance from us, at d we believe it was the editor of the " London Literary i.?uzette" that pointed him out to us. Ciiarhs looked like a modest young man, rather heavy, and si,nahle in appearance, almost any thing hut the t riffant genius he has turned out to be We do pity Charles B.ckensa econd time. lie ha* to "sutler some," as dear Hick Hiker used tosav lie knows not the torment, the annoyance, the exrevive civility he has to undergo. Heaven save I: m! Here is a beginning in Boston :? P.i Monday, Mr. D.cken* paid a visit to the legislature o( the State, with the Karl ol Mulgra\e, ami Mr Consul (irmllan. The Mercantile lourna u s-iye?" Mr. Hickens was .ntrodu ed to ihe Set re-v/,/ 'ary ot the Cotnmonwe ,!ih, Mr Bigrlnw, who at* * '0mpan1edhimU1ruu4hU1ed1lLft.it parts of ill* t aspito!. His appearance in ihe Senate Chamhtt c reated ipiite a te n*itioo among the members (h ^trotiuced there to Mr ' < iiimv, the Presiden* 01 tnW^nate. and expressed lnonji much pin sen With the visit" -n ttie H .4 We W e lie was ?n ii.tune-t' to appear a* the 1 re nont Tbtnlre. The PionptcfM of* Trade for 1H4'4. Tfi- re is a. great dealofspeculaUonabout these dull days", relative to the prospects of 'be trade for the present yeur. Minr think that it will be revived? Mini- ilia' it will tall off? Join- don't know what to think, <,nd others want to know whnt to think. ?Uy tn. ia-t steamer from Liverpool we have re. ejv our files of the 'TLnkere' Circular" coin- 1 plele, tr.-iii which we extract a very interesting art,i e on this subject. This journal is conducted bv i.n<- ot the ablest practical financiers in Loudon, and has been an observer ot Lhe phenomenon o*" trude troughout the world for half a century. His opinions are. theretor . worth somelhiair. So here thev arc. [From the Bankers' Circular, Dec. 31, It'll.] At the commi ncement ol the preaeut year thus stood the most prominent circumstauces which ailed aur mer cantilc condition. We had gathered a good harvest of corn of the finest quality, and the autumnal seed time had been an auspicious one, promising abundant future supplies. rhe ilauk of England was recovering from a state ol w eakness, and manifested unequivocal symtoms of gradually gettiug into th.it linn i-osition which would enable hei to render efficient support to the commerce of the country. The Bank of the L'n.tid States fit preparing to resume pay ments in specie, and most men in this country put faith in her ability to accomplish that undertaking, und again become a stable Bank. The election uf a President in the United States favorable to the instituting of a National Bank was then a m itter of ascertained certainty. The ap)Hii:itmeut of Maishal Soult and M. t>ui/.ot to office gave promise of peace, stability and economy lor the government of France- The settlement of the Eastern question by the triumph of British power, seemed to ensure the peace of Europe, while the affairs of hidiu showed that the pow er of England in that quar ter was irresistible. Thisc prominent commercial und political circumstances appeared to lay a litm basis for confidericeiu mercantile enterprises, whilst a moderatelylow level of prices of fibrous tuw materials seemed to furnish i qually good grouud for confidence in manufacturing operations. Tin sc were rational grounds for anticipating favorable results for Bi ilish industry in the year 1H41. liow came it to pass that the expetience of that year should prove it to have been one of the most disastrous for our coin mercial prosperity on record? The markets of North a ii"i mm, t's mrsoimi ris mi' nuiici mt-xicu, nave item goad for British DUDiiiKliirct ; the Chinese market nut vi'iy bad ; those of contini ntul Curopo much improved, ml in a lair state of demand. These are the appropriate terms to describe the state of those large branches of our fori ign trude. Ami the great proot that the evij does not lie principally in this quarter is, that the value uftlie exl?irts o. British manufactures and produce, in the year 1H41, will, we believe, be found w ithin two or three per cent of tin- highest value of the exports of several prececeding years. Then what is it that has spread universal apprehension among all classis, and made every rich man w ho deals iu money look at his borrowing neighbor with a feeling of suspicion and distrust heretolore unknown in Knglish society 1 It is the maligu working of the money power, spreading poverty over the land. We descrihethe operation ol this power for the present instnr.ee in this manner. The situation ot the Bank as to its bullion and deposits, according to the average quarterly returns, was this 1S41. bullion. I Drposilet. January 5, ?.1,447,000 ?*,649,000 February 3, 3 S46 000 7,3*4,000 M?rch 3, 4,076,0011 7,567,000 March .10, 4,139,000 7,213,000 April 27 , 4,638,000 7,225 000 May 24, 4,921 000 7.242,000 June 22, 0,098,000 7,219 000 July 90, 5,170,000 7 746,000 August 17, 5,106,000 7,956,000 Kium this ]>oint there wdg a gradual retrogression ; and the quotations stood thus, lor the 7th of December: bullion 1 IMti illKI d.-iiAKila i!7:Utnnnil Cnn^niu-nlk we must conclude that the point ot time when the Bank had acquired the greatest degree of strength was about the 111 of' July- The recovery to that state was slow, precarious, and piegnant with anxiety for the issue, it kept the Bank lecble, and made all other prudent distributors of money apprehensive and cautious. The man of foresight who f mud hesitation or shyness at his Banker's, immediately diminished his liabilities, kept less stock, and incurred less debt. The man who would in eusy flowing times have employed twenty workmen, kept eighteen, sixteen, or fourteen, according to the exigency. Men engaged in large undertakings could not stop their o|>ei alions without utter ruin ; the weakest of these tailed ; those a little stronger, who could not get on w ithout discounts and liorrowing, would, perhaps, induce tobie in dependent relation able to command the tempoi ary assistance of his Banker, to go to that Banker for supplies, and the Banker would not like to refuse thisiudepeudent customer lest the refusal should be taken as a confession of weakness. We could cite cases where inconvenience threatening embnrrnssnieat has been produced by this screw. Bo the thiug has worked during the greatest part of the present year through all the ranulications of society. We have given the foregoing sketch because we arc convinced that distress in most of the manufacturing districts so general, difficulties mining from shortness of money so universal in all districts, could not be produced by the state cf our foreign trade. The home trade is admilted by all to be oi much greater importance than the foreign, and the former bus be. n checked and obstructed hi a much greater degree than the latter by the evil working ot the money power. It lies ull'ected the merchants by forcing down the prices of their imports, the holders ol shares el joint stock companies by depriving them in great mensuir of a market, the la: tners sutler this year from increased expenses arising from the weather and diminished pi oduce of inferior quality. The condition of these interests combined with those of the miners, manufacturers, and trading distributors before alluded to, Milticitntly accounts lor the unexampled state of depression in the general business of the country. The action of the money |>ower bring ctumped and impeded, tlirough all the ranulications ol its operation and influence,by the w eak ami insecure state ol the Bank ol Kiigland dming the first six months of this year, the prottacti d had w eather which occurred in the months of June. Jul v. and Auirust. nrodieioiiflr ncrirrav.iti >1 tku evil. It produced tlmt extraordinary speculation in foreign corn, which accumulated two millions of quarters in uur poitstobc let out in tint autumn at low duties.? This naturally, alarmed the Directors of the Hank ; and, although it did not occasion a gieat additional demand for the treasure in tlnur colfers.it prcvt uled that influx ol gold aud silver w hich would have given case to the Bank, end created among the Din dors a dispoiition to he mole free stid accommodating ill tlicil dealings w ith the public. The restricted supply of money created genet ai distrust, caused the credit of every Banker to he tried by the severest teat ; the weal:, uncircumspe-ct,arid impiovideut among that impoitaut body of men failed.? The stoppage within so brief a space of time of thiee laigi- Lon Ion llanks. the retirement on account of losses ' of a fourth, and now the fou sight aud wisdom w hieh suggests the junction of two otln is, the annihilation ol the Mary-le Bone Bank with the loss of much mote than its entire paid Hp small capital, the amazing increne of the ordinaly banking business of the Bank of Kugland, are striking facts which show the nature of the particular pressure on the t anking interest of the metropolis.? And the stoppage ol eight or uiue private Banks and one laige Joint-Stock Bank in the country bears witness to the severity and universal operation ol the pressure. The error, therefore, that we fell iuto in January last in common with many ol the most eminent merchants and brokers ot the country, was, forming a conclusion us t? the future, w ithout an adequate estimate of the possible i il'ects to tie product d by this terrible money power, i It is Hue that wespoke guardedly, and provided for adverse contingencies I'.but still t\ ents are far from hav ing realized our views. Disappointment has ensued, because Upon (ha present system Of the currency, no man can form a correct opinion regarding its malign influence, and the destructive results ol its operation. M??*. m...? c... - t.. 1. -- !.- -- > tirst. let til see ifwe can find an) firm tooting on which to bull 1 hope. With respect to the all'aii s of our best transatlantic customers, no second Bank ol the l ulled States rau he hroken .low n in the ) ear 1844, but one ma) and probably will be rait e 1 in. in some degiecto sappl) the place of that destroyed. The importing merchants ol the United States are now n sound responsible body ol men. w ho?e b usiness .luring the present year has been eon lnrte.l w ith prolit and advantage to themselves. The maikets aro hare of goods ;1he f.trmers, w lio compiise niorethan eight-tenths ol the entile w hite colored |>opnUtion. are in a good plight . and a steady remuueiative trade w ith th> it counti) mar he evperted. The same in theease of i inadu. Peace is likely to be restored in Mexico, and with peace will coino intein-1 tranquility, nnohstriicted int> rnnltrstlic and industry, the return of mercantile confidence, and improved general resources ?govern mental and individual. The other States of South Americt rauiiot lie in a worse condition for carrying on a trade w ith our manufacturets than they hate be, n in dm ing the y eat Ib-ll. The foregoing premises appear to us to attord good glowed for the conclusion that the existing distress ol thecnuntr) i? much more attributable to the paralired condition of our domestic traffic rather than to the state ol our foreign export trade i nnd that this e v it is to be ascnhi dto tlie want of an adequate eitcnluting mediuiu, [ and the serious apprehension ot tlut want The most intelligible index ol ih s state of things is the position of the Bniik of Knglaiel. as set forth in the figures of the second table atiovo inserted ; hut with a view to our speculations for the futme.tlie talde lirst inserted is the most important. By that K appeals that the Batik of Knglaud is already in ntaily a< good a |<oMtiou as duiing any previous pat t ol the y car. an I w e \ entnre to predict that l>? foie the expiration of the first quarter of the ensuing year there will lie very little stiort of seven millions starling in the rotters of the Bank : a sum conoid er ildy hight i than it has lieen lor two ) eats and a half. We venture to say thil ou the know ledge of the slrorg inf. nx of the precious met-ila at the present lime, and the | : o-pc. til , , ale Illations of tllOSe pel sons tie if acquaint- I ed with the subject, * ] Some of our iriends have told us that w e last week ptcsented too cheering a virw of ttu prospects for the j trail of I--W . w,- take a morn cheerful Ol.a an 1 we ate convinced thai nothing hut the depiornHe ( failure* (owing to low pi ice? and aioney-pra??ur?-) that ( are weekly occurs inf. coulI have prevented a more ohvioiulAanifotation of inij ruven cut. U.vrnoriTADLE ?The hooka of the llritieh 1 tiuern and I'rendent ateamahip company ahow a , loa* of nearly fifty thonaand dollara. f h Chatham Tim. vrm.?Tin- porjrenuas-pTtucle H tl t'ndine, fo long in preparation, wue produced on n Monday li ght uf thia moat (H>pul r teinple ol the a drama, and'he expectation* of nil were more than v reMlu'd, The in*naffr promised nothing in hiead- n vrriiamiient.a which lie did not amply fulfil, aud it i- a to l.c hoped that the public will viand by him aim h -lire him pgamet p*cuniary low in the prnduitioi. |; tin* ?|ffiacK fhc acenery i* truly eplendid. c and tahkanx grand. The evnlutior.r by the ft t it. 1- warrior* were very perfect, and drew down ^ mneme ?cpJoi--e< ?nd each rccne n? it nu pre- [ .red, > ' <i lie ni"*t enihu-iaatx markaofnp )t- In'? o Well i,on*, Thorn' vet are cr a't'ly . price* of .weinp'r Akmivai or the Englahd?The packet chip Ed gla?d, Captain Waite, arrived yesterday from Liverpool, whence she sailed on the IHth ult. Site has a full and very valuable cargo of dry goods. Her freight list amounts to Jg'2,100 And she brings eight cabin passengers. We learn from Captain W. that about one hundred sail left Liverpool in company with hirn, having been detained by heavy westerly galea. The England has bad a' pilot on board for three days. Mh. Rrawsign's Licturr last Evimso.?We have a full report of this curious, eloquent, and original discourse, but are obliged to defer its publication till to-morrow. Three I>av? Later >kom Pernamruco?We have received, by the way of Philadelphia, intelligence from Pernambuco to the 2bih ult. There had been no change in the markets, and there was no political news of importance. All was quiet in consequence of the holidays. Prince pe joinville at Lisbon.?His royal highnets arrived at Lisbon on the 21th ult., on board La RHle Poule. He dined with, and was knighted by tfueen 1'onna Maria, of Portugal. Earthquakes.?This winter has been a remarkable one throughout the country. Nothing but mildness and earthquakes. Lately shocks have been felt in Missouri, Kentucky, and Illinois, and last Saturday there was a shock felt near Trenton, New Jersey. Albany. | Ccirretpoixieuce of the Herald.1 A i rakv. January 23d. 1M2. The present Legislature have thus far evinced a much greater disposition to repeal existing laws than to enact new ones. As yet almost every measure of general importance has been a project to repeal some enactment of their predecessors. The bill of 1840, taking the power of appointing Bank Receivers from the Court of Chancery, and giving it to the Bank Commissioners, unwise and inexpedient as it hat been generally conceived, was the first to share this fate. The granting of injunctions, Arc. is exclusively the power of the Court ol Chancery, and although opposed, as the majority express ly declared themselves to be, to any extension of the already overshadowing power of this Court, still it was indispensable us the law* stand, that ihe appointment of receivers should not be taken from them- It was supposed th.it the Governor would oppose his veto to prevent the repeal going into effect, but his particular friends, aad more especially those who are looked upon as his confidential ad viaers, it not even himself, had taken audi strong ground againat the exercise of the veto power, that with consistency he could not do otherwise than sign the bill. There are now two repeal bills yet in abeyance, which will doubtless speedily be acted upon, and I doubt not receive the sanction of the Governor, with explanations, of course, similar to the one oflered oil his signing the Receiver'8 Kill. These are the propositions to repeal the New York Registry Law, and the Criminal Court Bill. Both these are denounced as unconstitutional, and as odious to, and against the wishes of the people of the City of New York, and the City Delegation are exerting their utmost to get them speedily through. There appears to be a feeling of jealousy mid fear among the country members of dictation and assumption on the part of the New York members, which shows itself on every movement on their part in the House. As far as I have observed, this feeling is far from being reciprocal on the part of the New York Delegation. The abolishment of Capital Punishment, so ably and strenuously urged by Mr. O'Sullivaic, will be another leading measure of the Session. There appears to be a majority of the House in favor of such a change, and trom die sentiment of the press, and the numerous petitions that are being received, it would seem that the people are not indisposed to atrial of the experiment. The State Prison system will also be the special charge of the Legislature, and such modifications and alterations will be made, as to render it more acceptable to the mechanics, who demand it so strongly. This will be the care of Mr. Wim, who is ihe mechanics' particular representative. ttnillH H'ini'nr 111 Its* tllM cilliianlo nl innot general importance lliut will occupy the atteutiou of the Legislature this Session. There are also other subjects, which will receive a due share of consideration, tuch as the petitions in regard to Tompsonian practitioners, exemption of household Idrniture from seizure, and the like. As regards public improvements there are a variety of opinions, but 1 do not think the presenl Legislature will do any thing to commit themselves, as to any general course to be pursued in this matter, but will wait the result of the fall election. Meanwhile a great many private and local bills are being enacted, and business is being conducted with coruniendab'e rapidity. Mr. Townsexd has introduced a bill requiring the State Printer to publish a weekly paper, in which all the legal notices shall be nserted. This should he entitled the " Lawyer's Gazette," as it will be of no use to any body hut members of the legal profession. Its fate tsdoubtlul, as it is looked upon by many as utterly ut variance with the principles "of retrenchment adopted in regard to this branch of public expenditure. Gave Ulciscar. Health or the t.tt'-?Only one hundred and eighty deaths in this city last week. Of these but five were of small j nv, and fourteen of scarlet Fever. Tlic Itcv. Sir. AlnfHt, versus the Press. Waihinotov, .Ian- 'J2, IfM'J To THE F.DITOK, \'C.? 9m? Having lone been connected with the new6pcper press, lor the pien-rvaiion of the honor of which, as wi 11 as iliat of its members and representatives, 1 (eel a somewhat jealous interest, perhaps you will favor me with a little of your space, while I detail to you and your readers, a mo>t violent and ungentlemanly auack upon us lest evening, by the Hev. Mr MulTii, Irorn li.e pulpit ot the Alviliodist Church. The circumstances w hich gave rise to it, 1 believe, are simply the following:?-Having he.ud a great deal respecting the extraordinary eloquence of this gentleman, and not a little, toe. aa to his extraordinary bombast and affectation, 1 was induced to go and hear bint last night, and took my note book in my pocket, with the view of taking his sermon, or any part ot it that luighi be interesting. The church being very lull, the most commodious place for writing that offered itself, was ilie centre of the right hand gallety, fio.n which place 1 was able to take a full note of the reverend gentleman's discourse.? About the middle ol his liarrangue, his eye having caught me, he gave utterance to tiie following notable piece of divinitv : ? "Hume perhaps are come here purely to gratify their own selfish feelings. Som.' there are that < om* here who. instead of listening tl the word of ttoil, take up their pencil and their paper to give nn unfair represents; tionol' the words of the manoltiod?those words which should have fallen into their hearts like streams of humiug lire. I need not say that such pTsona I hold in utter contempt. Seme of those persons who take upon themselves the burinessof criticism,and whoai- as regardless of the ennracien ui ohicm a* rney are ot their own veracity, who come to thw house ef On.l to laugh and to mock rt the milliliter anil hi* word*, when the man i* perfectly natural,throwing hia whaie ?o?;l into hi* subject?some of those have represented him as endeavoring to give etlect to his sermons by gesture*, which w ould better become a stage actor than a preacher of Jesus Christ?a man who, (joj knows, never saw a stage, except the stage of human life, and who never went ii|>on any stage save that of the pulpit. This is one reason why no n don't come to the house of prayer to get good. They c ome only to tear and to anal) re the msnnera and the matter of the servant of Jesus Christ, who it dying ill the pnlpit ol the Lord.to save them from a burning hell, and to win them to u bleeding cross. He lar, however, irom caring foi what they say or what they write, hal lelujrh ; I thank God i mver fear the face of clay?I don't mean tho man Clay ?and as it regards this matter, I feel perfectly Independent; and 1 tell you and them now. that I care n? little for these letter writers and rrporters as I do for the dnet under my feet. I only wish they hail a better, an honester,and more honorable employ went.'' I hiring tlii* harrnogw, the reverend divine made it hie business to point his finger directly at me the w hole time, which circumstance, 1 net d not say, caused the eyes ol all tiie congregation to he cast lirectly upon me, many of them rising in their >enta, while a general buz of astonishment and curiisity pervaded the whole assembly, and for a mo nent excited my apprehension ol being " mobbed " In conclusion, Mr. Editor, 1 have only to say that his attack noon me was verv in.lic/?r??t >.?. iir- I aspire ibe gentleman that 1 nrvtr raw him 11 Miy life before ; mid lor iinv low I shall sustain for lie want of hie ulente. I certainly t-htll not Iret if I everscr bim again So fur Irom having written iiy thing of Inui, i do not believe that I ever premusly mentioned hianame, even in conversation, no h leas in writing- And loditect the attention i t w hole congregation to me in them inner in which >r did. merely because come candid letter writer ' t'l 'old the truth respecting In in, was a course ol ' induct which wan neither becoming a minister ol ie gos, r| nor r gentleman, unirh lews that ot a man iretending to aueh extraordinary wisdom and ta -nt an it* llev.Mr. Mallit. Al't.tir, \ e-jf ( i I'. B TrMritTo*. pomc ript" Washington, [Correspondence ofUie Herald. 1 ^ Wakhihctoh, Jan. 21,1842. Mr. Clay and the Constitution?Bankrupt Bill?Treasury Note Bill?New Point of Order In the House. Mr. Clay made his long promised speech to-day, in support of hia attack on the Constitution. It had been announced with much flourish of trumpets, and a great effort was anticipated, but every body seems to be disaimointed. It was feeble and incon- j elusive as an argument, and although delivered in his usual admirable and forcible manner, produced no great effect on any of his hearers. No man ever made a more injudicious movement, and few have ever experienced a more signal defeat, than this is destined to receive. NotwithstaEding all Mr. Clay's protestutions to the contrary, the people cannot be convinced that this attempt to emasculate the Constitution, to cut off the power of the Executive, and to deprive them of the protection afforded by the veto against the passionate or inconsiderate legislation of a mere majority in Congress, had not its origin in pir,ue at the defeat of his scheme to force a great bank on the country. The exercise of the veto, a power in itself eminently popular, conservative and tribunitian, to avert such a calamity, is hardly calculated to induce the people to look with a favorable eye on attempt to subvert the Constitution. The consideration of the resolutions is deferred far a week. There will then baa long debate, after which they will probably be killed in the Senate, and it will be a long time before another man will be found to attempt to lay violent hands on the Constitution. The seport of the committee on the Bankrupt Bill, is expected to be disposed of in the Senate tomorrow. The prevailing impression is, that the bill will be rejected. Mr. Baghee, of Alabama, who is in favor of the repeal, and Messrs. Dixon and Simmons, of I'hode Island, who are opposed to it, have been detained at their rooms by indispositionIf they are not able to be present when this bill is acted on, the vote is expected to stand '23 to 23. The Treasury note bill will probably comejup in'the house to morrow. The bill may possibly be saved if the House refuse to concur in the amendment of the Semite, and a committee of conference shall be appointed. But if a motion is made tw lay the bill on the table, it will, no doubt, prevail by a majority of from fifteen to twenty-five. The democrats cannot consistently go for it in its picsent shape, and many el the whigs are bound to oppose it under any circumstance*. There are now pressing, imminent demands upon the treasury, to the amount of more than a million and a half of dollars, without a shilling to meet them with. If the representatives of the people permit the government to be dishonored in a squabble about a question of mere form, or from labtious opposition to a patriotic administration, they must prepare themselves to breast a storm of popular indignation, such as rarely has been visited upon a recusant legislature. The probability of a re-union (f the whigs, in support of the administration, seems to be daily increasing. It is impossible to predict the precise proportion of the party which will be embraced in the arrangement, but it is expected to comprise enough to constitute a majority of the House, and probably of the Senate also. The mode and manner in which this result, so desirable in every point of view, and the consequences to result from it, must be the subject ot a future communication. Amidst the confusion and uproar of the House ol Representatives on Saturday, several exciting incidents occurred, some of which are too good to be lost. One, " a point of order," made upon Mr. Ar I now, ui iciuifwctr, uy vtcii. ouweun, ui Jjuuisana, [ has been the topic of general conversation since it took place. In order to make the reader to appreciate the anecdote, it is necessary to state that Mr- ArI nold is a stout burly man, who has been in all sons of brawls and fights in Tennessee, and ncijuired such a recklessness and daring, that his friends supposed he would eat up an ordinary antagonist without making a wry lace or staying his apjietite. Gen. Dawson is tall and thin, but muscular, and one ol the most graceful and genlleinenly men in Congress. No man is uniformly more courteous, better bred, or more observant of the rules of the House. Mr. ltayner, from North Carolina, was calling Mr.[Adams to order in the midst of his scandalous villifications of the South, when Mr. Arnold rose, and in the most insulting tone towards Mr. I', cried out, "t >rder ! order! take your seat! I command you to take your sett!" ' leneral lUweon then advanced across the hall, and taking a seat close to Arnold, addressed him in a tone as mild and polite as if he had been addressing a lady or dame. "Sir, yon are a coward?a blustering fellow, that Minnu a !; rat uui.^c, nui wnnoui a particle of courage." Mr. Arnold asked him if he had taken that seat in order to insult and quarrel with hint ! General Dawson replied, " Yes, sir, 1 have come here expressly to insult and provoke you to a fight, if possible ; but I don't believe there is any light in you." General Dnwson, who is one of the bravest of men, was all this time perfectly cool, and apparently under no excitement whatever. The conversation was held in rather an under tone, in the presence and hearing of several members, amongst whom wore Mr.Botts and Mr. Stanley. Mr- Arnold made no answer, and showed 110 resentment; but quietly put the insult into his poaket, like a good Christian This vers.on of the circumstance is the one in eneral circulation ; but it is understood that Mr. Arnold and his friends d-clare it to bj incorrect in fonie of the particular*. taventy-seventii congress. Second Session. S Clint*. Mo.mAv, .Tau. 24. The Senate Chamber was crowded this morning in every part, and its avenues were blocked up by many who were unable to gain admission to hear what was supposed to be Mr Clay's last speech, before his retirement into private life Notwithstanding the premine necessity of disposing of the Bankrupt Repeal Bill, and although there were other special orders standing in advance of Mr Clay's, all w ere made to give way. that Mr. Clay might take his last ting at Captain Tyler, an opportunity to do which he orobablv may not have after his vote on the Repeal 01 the Binkrupt Law, in opposition to the wish of his State Legislature. The eflort of Mr Clay, however, was unworthy of his great and undoubted talents, and the ladies especially who had come in great numbers, wilh magnificent conceptions in anticipation, were wolully disappointed. Frpvious to the commencement of the day's proceedings, the Senate Chamber resembled a theatre on the appearance of fome bright ' particular star; crowding end squeezing, cries oi hats ofl', and the laughter which followed some i harmless badinage, or the boisterous ebullition eli- I I cited by the accidental mishap ol some luckless < wight who had been tripped from some standing < pljce to reach which through the living in.,s?. he i naa aiiiDiuoiisiy m-pired, d.versified the nceoe until I the solemn aspirations of the < onareieional Chap- I lain produced silence, if not solemnity. ? Thie lln*rn r Law. ( Mr. Tai.i.mvdoi; presented c memorial from citi- 1 /ens ot Troy (whohad formerly petitioned in favor ol Bankrupt Law against the operation of the Bank- ' rupt Law in its present form. He presented a great ' number against the Repeal of the Bankrupt Law, ' and the proceeding* of a large meeting held at La- 1 fayette Hall, New York, on the same subject. Re- J nions'rances were also preaented against any inter 1 ference with the Bankrupt Law by Mr. Mouton, J Mr. Huntington, Mr. Manjum, Mr. Berrien. Mr J Evans, Mr Voting, Mr. Wright, Mr. Walker, Mr 1 Benton, Mr. Allen, Mr. Calhoun and Mr. Sevier. I Mr. Wmoirr presented the proceedings of a meet- 4 inu of Merchants, hald in the Merchant s Exchange 1 New Vnrk, on the IStli instant, praying tor the 4 amendment or repeal of the Bankrupt Law. I'axwstcaeo* Karitr.DSroan? Funur Boi snrs ( ?Salt Tax. , Mr. Bi xtos having presented the following reeoiuuon, it came up in its order:? f H.-noKeJ, That the Secretary of the TrsafU'y l< di ' ? crt?l to report to the Senate ? folio* ? . 1st. A statement thow lug the rnnual amount ot draw back paid the exportation af refiued sugar from the com man cement to the end of the year 1442. J'. A monthly statement of such payments for the year 1842. 3d. The estimated anmunt of such payments for the year 184a. 4th. The amount of duty annually paid on imported brown sugar ai nearly as it cau be computed. 5th. The annual amount of fishing bounties and allowancea paid since the commencement of the nme, with the annual amount of the salt tax per bushal and the annual gross product of the salt tax, and the nett product of the same alter deducting the fishing bounties and allowances. 6th. The estimated amount of fishing bounty and al lowances to aecruo from the year 1842,and the gross and nett amount of salt tax for the same year. Mr. Evans asked the Seuator Ifrom Missouri to let i t lie over until to-morrow, as he wished to offer an amendment extending the call somewhat further. Mr. Bentox assented, and the resolution was laid overadjoi-BNME.nt ok donhke-s. Mr. Kiko submitted a resolution to fix the perisd of adjournment. He thought it was right and proper that this resolution should b<* brought forward at an early day, that thev might shape their legislation accordingly, and he had fixed Monday the 30th of May ; and if it was deemed an early day, it must be recollected that they.have had along bxtra Session of four months, and that four months would intervene between this time and the day which he had suggested, in that period all their legislative business would be transacted, and give to each eubject a lair and proper consideration. He should lay the resolution upon the table, hoping he should get the Senators to act ttpon it to morrow. Several orders of the day were informally passed over to enable the Senate to reach another importantsubiect. Mr. Clay's Proposed Amesdme.yt to the Com titutiow. The proposed amendment of Mr. Clay to the United States Constitution, were next in order, and they were read by the Secretary, as follows : Resolved by the Senate and House of Represenatives of the Unit a States of America, in Congress Assembled, (two thiida of both Houses concurring.) That the lollowing article be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States ; which,when ratified by three fourths | of the said Legislatures,shall be valid as part of the Constitution : i>o ?<*iaior or itepreseniauva shall, during the term or fraction of a term for which ha waa elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United State*. Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States o( America, in Congress assembled, (two thirds of lioth Houses concurring.] That when a bill which shall hall have passed the Seuate and Housa of Representatives of the United States shall be returned by the President, with his objections to his approbation and signature, if, upon its reconsideration, it shall again pass snch House by a majority of all the members belonging to each House, notwithstanding the Presi. dent's objections, it shall become a law ; and the requisition by the existing Constitution of two-thirds of each House again to pass the bill in such case is hereby annulled. If any bill shall be presented to the P-csident within a period less than ten days (Sundays included) from the termination of the session of Congress during which it shall have passed, and shall not be returned by him at that session, it shall be,his duty to return it within the three first day a of the succeeding session. If he should not so return it, the bill shall become a law ; and if he return it with his objections to his approbation and signature within the time herein required, the two Houses of Congress shall proceed t J consider it,in like manner as if it had been*' eturned during tlie session at which it had passed. And if, upon such re consideration.it shall again pass each House by a majority of all the members helonging to such House, notwithstanding the President's objections, it shall become a law. Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, (two-thirds ofboth Houses concurring.) That the Secretary, or other head, by whatever denomination he may be called, of the Treasury of the United States, and the Treasurer of the United States, shall be, respectively, annually appointed by a joint vote of the Senate and Honse of Representatives, by ballot or Wva roct, as the Houses may severally resolv^. When appointed, either ofthem may be removed by a concurrent voteol thetwo Houses, separately given, but neither of them shall be removable by the President of the United States. Congress may provide by law for the case of a vacancy occurring in either of these offices uetween the periods of the annual appointments. Mr- Clat then rose and said, whatever might be the late of the proposed amendment of the Constitution now submitted, in bringing them before the Senate, lie should have the conscious satisfaction of i a .. u;_i. J..,.. u ?* -i? iiuvimk vi louuai^cu a nijKU uuiy. i ir, rPJjrCllCU IHdl tbis duty hud not devolved upon some abler and more skilful hand; but as it was one which he thought ought to be performed, and as no one else had attempted if, he thought he was bound to submit the proposition to the .Senate for their considerationNor hud the performance of this duty been prompted by any recent exercise of the power to which his resolution related. He must however say, that whilst the proposition now tnadr to amend the Constitution was one that he had thought of for a long period of years, and therefore had not sprung out of any recent event, yet recent events had not tended to weaken, if they had not tended to strengthen, the force of the opinions which he had held before. As far back as seven years ago a worthy and lamented friend of his of the State of Maryland, now no more, in concert and co-operation with him, presented to the Senate of the United States a proposition further le limit the veto power. They drafted the proposed amendment together, and the observations by which it was accompanied, were the subject of consideration and consultation betwern that friend and himself. He adverted to this fact for the purpose of disabusing the mind of any person, if such there w? re, who entertained the opinion that thee? amendments of the Constitution had been suggested by any thing which had recently occurred. As lar back as June or Au gust, when, on one of the most solemn occasions on which he ever addressed a popular Assembly, he addressed tiie fripnds of his youth and their descendants, of his na'ive county of Hanover in the Common wealth of Virginia, he alluded to an address in which he had previously pointed out the courre of reform which he now proposed. After speuking of the enormous growth of executive power and the exeroise of the veto power at tho late session, the speech which he had in his hand proceeded to sav that the first aud most important object which would engage the attention of the new administration was that rf circumscribing the Executive power and throwing around it such linutations and safeguards as would render it no longerdangerou9 public liberty. Thus it would be perceived by the Senate that whatever of truth or Virtue there might he in the opinions which lie had formed on this subject, they were at least recommended to the consideration that they Were deliberate (millions, lliat lliev hnH tieen nfi*n considered and reviewed, ind were not prompted by any ihine of recent occuirence to which he had referred. The particular amendment wljich was then before the Senate was that relating to the veto, although he might advert to the others and while up on this subject, redeeming a pledge which wns mi d * by him as one of the members of lint party whi, h | triumphed in 1S40; he desired to be allowed to say j to the gentlemen of the Senate and the coun'ry, in i all truth and sincerity, that lie desired nothing more \ than tint a party when it came into power should | faithfully execute all the promises it made when out < of power?that it should not exhibit here an ex-im- J pie which they had seen so often practised in other i countries and nations,?that ol professing one ret of t principles when out of power and on coming into i power forgetting all their promises and administer- 1 ing the government exactly as their predecessors < had done, and he assured gentlemen on 'he other ( side, that on the question of a reduction of Kxecn- | tive power within proper limits?upon the question ( u! a regulation of the dismissing power of the Exe. i cutive, so 89 to subject it to a lair responsibility, they would lint! hini ever, on all occasion*.during Iht xhort linn hi rxpteltd Iv n mom a member of wlttf Ih?I<j ready heartily to co-operate with itiem. it was not his purpose to go,except \ cry briefly, into the history of the or.gin of the veto power: they know that it originated with the institution of the Tribunes of Rome, and that i' was seized u;>on after the empire began by Augustus, and if h* was not mistaken, it wasuuolished in the reign of Constantine. It was doubtless introduced from the Roman practice to the monarchies of Europe, in most of which, under sonic modification or other, it was to be found: but in the governments to which they were in the habit uf referring, it was not exercised. In threat Britain it had not been exercised for a century and a half, suid in France not at all. When the Constitution of that nation was under consideration, that Veto power ivasone which agitated the whtTle country; it was me on which Louis XVI. waa attempted 10 be made idiculous, by calling him Monsieur Veto, and his ady Madame Veto; hut, he repented, as far as his knowledge went, there had not been a solitary -xercise of the veto power in France. It was unloubtedly transferred to thisc< untry under the coin- H vial Qiictpm U'lipn lK*ri> *.?!* /! -? Mo v.,o_.l,. I reto of the Governor and the veto of the Crown; t tntJ what was thought of the rvTCtse of the veto j it that period might be seen by the Declaration of , rur Highta in 1776, in which, at the. hrttd and ? ;oinineiieenient ol the long enumeration of r jrievauces under which our loretathers an He red, a he exercise of the veto power was placed Speakng of the King it said, he ha? reiuaed hi* assent ' 0 laws moat salutary," <V:c. He had no doubt thnt 11 he idea ol engrailing on our constitution this veto ' rower was adopted by the convention which Irani- ' td it, front the practice in Knrope, and subsequently 1 wan adopted by aotne ol the States, though not by 1 til It was now upwards ot "at years since the Con- ' rention'ruet to form this comtitutionHinder which we ive, and it was no diminution ot veneration, and I everrnce, and gratitude, which were duo to the 1 ivisdotn and patriotism of our ancestors, when one 1 ;aid that they erred there ; lor though it wa-<a* per- ' et as any document produced by human bunds, i" old n il l?e considered a? perfect, because nothing aich sprang frcm man wa* perfect /-fier the lap*c ot lh.t li-tlt century it was extremely interesting to pa use and look back to the Convention which led to the adoption of thin principle of our constitution, and compare the production of theory with the practical reeiltsof experience. Any one who was acquainted with the cotetuporaneous history of the formation of the constitution of the United States, would discover that there was on>- ureal radical error showu by experience. There was then an apprehension that the Kxecutive department of government, as it was proposed to constitute it, was too feeble, too weak to contend in the s'ruzgle with the Legislative department ; and hence in the conetitutioa ihfM were various pro posit ions to strengthet tne executive arm. One proposition was, that the Chief Magistrate shouid be appointed for life; and there were various other propositions with which gentlemen were donbtless familiar; but the idea was the weakness of the executive department, and the impossibility of that department contending, with success, with the popular brauch. And now let them look a little to the actual working of this machine which our fathers cons'ructed in Pennsylvania. Let ihem see the idea realized Much had been said, from lime lo time, about the encroachments of the < General Government upon the Statee Government, and heuce the formation ot the States Rights party ; but he thought an examination ol the proceedings of the government down to the present time would demonstrate that there had been no encroachment on the part of this government on the Stales governments ; bat if the time and the occasion were suitable, be could show that though there might not perhaps have bwn encroachments on the part of the States on the General Government, there had been an abandonment of the duty of the General Government to such an extent, that the actual condition of the government of the United S ates at this moment represented to our minds the idea of a confeder acy with nearly all the weskness and the imbecility which characterized the time preceeding 'he conlederation. There had been no encioachrnentthen, but on the contrary an abandonment of duly by the General Government; but there had beAi a constant encroachment by one department?;he Executive? on the Legislative department of the Government. Toe first encroachment was that ? hich regarded the treaty making power. He thought it was impossible forany man to read that clau-f"of the Constitution without coming to the conclusion that they who framed that instrument intended that the Senjto should be consulted in the iui iation of ireaiiee? >-*t that they should be made "by arid with the consent ofttie Senate:" and that that should be dono-ili.''* respect to the negotiations, the it.airuciioiin to our ministers,the general character of the treaties, prior to the conclusion of the treaties That wasafair interpretation, he thought, of the Constitution, and it was the opinion and practice of those who were first charged with the administration ot the government The President then came to the Senate and proposed the mission, stated its objects, and consulted the Senate on the instructions to begiyento our minister, but on some subsequent occasion the practice was abandoned, ami that which has ever since prevailed ensued?that is, the Piesident without consultation with the Senate,on his own responsibility and his own sense|ol propriety, proceeds to negotiate treaties, promises a ratification within a certain time, and then submits it to the Senate.? Now they all knew there was a great d ff.-rence between rejecting it when the thing is done, and rejecting it before the thing is completely formed ; they all felt the necessity of giving their assent to a treaty to which they would not assent but for the fact of its having been concluded, and the faith of the nation having been pledged to a foreign power. There was another consequence of the practice of the President negotiating the treaty, and it w&s one of which foreign powers nad felt the inconvenience, that was the proposal of amendment of treaties ; and hence in some of the later, provision had beeninserted by foreign powers that treaties shall be ratified without alteration or amendment The next encroachment of the Execu'ive brunch on the Senate of the United States, was in the exercise of the yower of dismissal f.om office. The efttVrt of that power, or of that practice on ihe pan ofthe Legislature was totally to destroy the agency of the co-operation of the Senate in appointments to office. Of what avail was it, after solemn consultation, that the Senate confirmed the nominations to-morruw, the person appointed, was a: the will of the Executive. They knew how this power had been perverted from its original intention: it had been contendedithat the removing power by the Executive could only be exercised for malfeasance or malpractice. But the Executive was subject to impeachment! And what a security was that - No impeachment of a Chief Magistrate ever would be successful in this country, divided as it is by p^rty. The Senate then it was seen had lost its influence by the exercise of this power of dismissal from ofiiceOne man was dismissed and another was recommended in his place, and he only need refer every member of the Senate to the numerous instances in which men were dismissed front office in which the Senate if it could, would replace them in p< wer, but in which, in consequence of the actual prostration of their power by Executive action, they were forced to submit to the nomination made, because they knew that a rejection would not be fulUwrd by the restoration of the person removed, and it might be followed by the nomination of some on? still more ohjectionabl-*. The appointing power cn the part of the Senate then was almost nullified, r.nd he often on such occasions went out of the body because he deenied it the idlest ceremony, knowing how the offices were filled, and that the officers held their office, not upon the constitutional tenure of the President of the Sena'o, acting together, but 01 the will and pleasure and upon the breath of one man. He would now pais to the encroachments which had taken place in the Congress of the I'nited States! and the fi.st that he w?uld mention was the creation of office and the fixation of salaries without the consent or without even consulting Oonurpis There u- r? instances at this moment of persona holding office under the (lovernuient from year to year with salaries affixed without Congress having passed at all on the subject. But there was another encroachment more foramidahle and serious, which during the last few years had been developed? that wathe assumption of the pure- of the Nation by the course of proceeding pmsued under former administrations; he alluded to the aeiznre of the Depositee, and all the consequences oi that measure, with which might be enumerated the right of the President to conform the opinions of the officers of the Government to his own. Tha; was an assumption which was ft ur provided for? an assumption for which he -hould rejoice to see Congress cr.pable of famishing an adequata pr< \ sion prior to their adjournment?it yaa an assumption which had planed at the feet of (he executive the head of the nation. It was said to be a mockt rv to talk of the President drawing money from the Treasury hut by an approprin'ion by Inw. But tell him not of the responsibility of officers. Look at i he tacts wntcu nil a occurred and to the principles wb <1 had bpen avowed. Look at the removal of two or hree Secretaries of theTreaMny to accomplish Mo wil ol th- President Look at the'dtsniissal of auu her* of officers because they did not hold the op riioni olthe President. Look at thaiBietSliwpo er claimed by the Vixecutiv*; and of what avail w r their lawp. The President bad to do ro more tl. n nad been done before, and to morrow tl.c Secrets t if the Treasury issues his warrant for any ram the President may rujuiro : and he dnects'ne Registerind Comptrollers to countersign u. Ifthey believe that thev owe duty to their country, and that they tie ho ird by the obligation* oIIkw and of their oatb, ie will tell them " Da what 1 command, and if you lo not I will find persons to execute my will." He, [Mr. Clay,) saw then no safety or security against ixecuiive power unless by an itmeridment of the onetituiion; and the revival of the power be origing to Congress which existed in the coatituiion, they secured those who v.tr- a tmg inder the President and had > harge of trie Treaury of the United Statts against the power ol lUniissal: and without thata I their attempts to ae>arate the purse and the sword would be uaavailng. He had shoivu th.it the p.j s? had i>ce:i seized vithout the authority of the constitution, and it was 'rt in the hands of the President Th? y liads*ea rmie< raised by the authority ?>f the exccut ve, not >nly without authority of law, but, a? in the case of he* Florida sedentary militia, alter the prop *icon 1 tad been refused by Congress He thought a tereful review of the oprraiion ol this governnent, from its commencemr i.t to the nreseat ime, would demonstrate we'l, aa he had catd ' liat there were no eacroaclinn nta on ihe pow r of the government of the Stated, h:it there vn* a constant tendency, on ifv part of the Kxe* ntive, to encroach on fiie'co ordinate branches of lie government. And wasnot this in the nature of hinge? The executive branch of the government vas eternal 111 its action; it wm ever awake?it ne'er slept?it was aontiiiuous?it was like the tide of nine mighty river, constantly flowing, constantly icting, deepening and widening, in it* onward prciress. till it swept away every impediment and overame every retorting obstacle that presented iinell ii it? course. If they looked into history, they votildin all time find this to be the Case. The letislntive d pattment, on the contrary, inetnniy peinilically ? i's power consot?d in Ps assembling, mil acting as a legislative body?me moment it eased to act and adjourned, its member* dispersed nd it disappeared?but there stood the President eady to enforce the law, and r<K?dy to avail hirne!l oi any circumstance to advmi e his power.? Ho- I resident was erer present, while the Isegiainive power was in the conditi-n to which he wered. I'peo principle, let diem now examine, for | ew moments, the motives which ought, he sap. (osed. to enter into the vie wa ?d the convention it lie time of the formation of the Constitution. Let hem throw themselves back, if p?mihle,to that moii-nr, and realize the consultrations which, p?rt-l^ i iterated upon their mind -and let them com- * r. tt.e e.xpeetationtof the ronvention at the m? i " w' at ha? u enrred. On pm.ciple eer*