Newspaper of The New York Herald, 3 Şubat 1844, Page 1

naunnnaeHHHHKSHBBKaBSRs T H j Vol. X., No. 33?Whole No. 3003. BRITISH AND NOJ^!^$;^|,^'AN KMYAL MA1L Of 1400 tous and 441 horse power each. Under contrac' ?itk tbe Cord* of the Admiralty. UI1ICHN1A, UommuOM >y C.H.?.Jntkini BRITANNIA, J. Hewitt. CALEDONIA, E. G. Lott. ACADIA, Alexander Ryri?, Will iail from Liverpool tad Boston, vis Halifax, as 'ollowi , Faust Livicareot. Faow Boston. Caledonia, (Dec. 1. Acadia, Not. 19. Dec. 16. Hibcrnia, Dec. 5. Jan. I. Britannia, Jan. 4. Feb. 1. Caledonia, Feb. 5. March I. Acadia, March 4, April I These res sell carry et|x>rienced surgeons, and are supplied with francos' Patent Life Boats. For freight or passage apply to D. BlllOHAM, Jr.. Agent, olTt No. 3 Wall at., New york. TAPSCOTT'S GENERAL EMIGRANT PASSAGE OFFICE. m M. Js. ARRANGEME NTS FOlwku. The snbscribers beg to call the attention of their friends and the public generally to their superior arrangements for bringiog out passenger* from, and reoitting money to all parts of England, Ireland, Scotland and Wates. ??? , THE NEW LINE OF LIVERPOOL PACKETS, COMPRISING THE QUEEN Of THE WEST. 1250 tons THE SHERIDAN, 1000 tons. THE ROCHESTER, 1000 tons. THE OAHKICK. 1000 tons. THE HOTTINUUER, 1000 tons. THE KOSCJUH, 1000 tous THE LIVERPOOL, 1150 tons. THE SIDPONB, 1000 tons Sailing from Liverpool twice everv month, aud THE UNITED LINE OF LIVERPOOL PACKETS, composed ol superior, first class American packets, sailiug from Liverpool four times in each month, are the stiiys in which those whose passage may beenga'ed with the subscribers wiit come nut iu, and it is a well known fact the above named packets are the most magnificent ships afloat, and the frripieucy ol thsir sailiug, (being every live davs) prevents the possibility of passengers being unnecessarily detaiued at Liverpool. Regardless of expense, in order to meet the wonts of the public mid the wishes of their Irieuds, Mr. Win. Tapnscott, one of the firm,has gone to Liverpool to superintend the departure for this country St such persons whose passage nity be engaged wiih ?' e subscribers, a fact, which to those ic-pniuted Willi Mr, W. .,is a sufficient guarantee that they will receire everv attention from him, aud be naickly and rouilortably despatched. bbcuid oioae sent lor decliae coming the t>gssags mouey will be proai|*1 y refunded, without sal deduction?eg usual. nemsuMces?Those remitting money cau be supplied a itk dnuss g< signs, tor auy amount, pavable fr, e of discount or any outer c as ere. ill every prmciDal town iu England. Ireland, ItcotMUd ud Wales Afpiyiit t?y letter, pott paid,) to w. 4 J. T/TaPSCOTT, 43 Pack dip, in* a ota?or to WW WM TArSCOTT. Liverpool. NEW LINE OP LIVERPOOL PACKETS. To aail irom New York on the Xlth and Liverpool on the 11th m <uu mouth & j&M M r mom Nit* If Old. Ship 81DDONS, Captain E. B. Cobb, 26th December. Ship SHERIDAN. Captain F. Depey?ter, 2?th January. Ship OAHIUCK, Capt. Wm.8kiddy.Klli KebioaryShip RUSCIUS, Captain John Collina, 26th March. From Livxnroot.. Hhip SIDDON8, Captain A. B. Cobb, lltk February. Ship SHERIDAN, Captain F. A. Depeyater, llth March. Ship GAKK1CK, Captain Wm. Skiddy, ltth April. Ship RUSCIUS, Captain Johu Collina, llth May. These ships are all of the first class, upwards of 1004 tons, bnilt in the city of New York, with such improvements as combine great speed with unusual somfort for passengers. Every care has been taken in the arraugemeut of their accommodations. The price of passage heuce it $100, lor which ample stores will be provided These ships are commanded by experienced matters, who will make every exertion to give geqmI satisfaction. Neither the captains or owners of the ships will be responsible for any letters, parcels or packages aent by them, unless regular bill* of lading are signed therefer. For freight or passage apply to " co??iO?lflt!2S'f t$rJZ&3." JLactan by ths packets will be charged UK cants per single beet t M cents pq^onnoe,Rad newspapers 1 emit each. di ROCHE BROTHERS fc CO.'S PASSAGE OFFICE, K FULTON STREET, NEW YORK. as- M PASSAtJeTKROM LlVEKFUOL. In the following Packet Ships, vix:? The NEW YORK, sailing from Liverpool on the 1st Feb. ?be COLUMBUS, do do 16ih do he YORKSHIRE, new, do do 1st March. Tna CAMBRIDGE, do do l?th do Or in any of the Packets comprising tne Old Line sailing from that port on the 1st and ltth of every mouth. Those sending for their friends will find it to their interests and comfort to patronise our Line, as no possible retention ou embarking can MjivtA. Fujir* Certificates s'nt by the steamship Hiberuia, sailing frem Boston on the 1st nf January, will have plenty of time to prepare to come by the first named packet, or in any o I the above inasnificent and unequalled packets. Persons remitting money to the old country can at all timrs obtain irom the subscribers uratu at smht lor anv amount, drawn direct on the Royal Bank of Ireland, and on Mraara Preeeott, Grute, Ames k. Co., Bankrra. London, which are |>ai<l free of discount iu every town throughout England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. For passage, apply to or address (if by letter poet paid.) KOuHt BROTHERS It CO., , d30rc 33 Kulton at, next door to the Knltou Bank. OLD ESTABLISHED EMIGRANT PASSAGE OFFICE. 1 SOUTH STREET, NEW YORK. m m m m Hawn?can be enSSnromLiTerpooUr^he following splendid packet ahipa comprising the Old Black Ball Line of Packeta sailing aa under. ar -1 From Liverpool. The ahip COLUMBUS, Captain Cole, on the ISth February. The aliip YORKBHIKE, (new) Bailey, on the 1st March. The ahip CAMBRIDGE, Capt. Bsrslow, 16th March. The ahip ENGLAND, Captain Bartlett, 1st April. The ihip OXFORD, Captain Kathbone, 16th Aptil. The ahip MONTEZUMA, Captain Lowber, 1st May. The ehip EUROPr.. Captain Father, 16th May. The ship NEW YORK, Captain Cropper, 1st June. In addition to the abovesuperior ahipa, the subscriber's agents will liava a aucceuion of flrat cUss American ships deapati lied, as customary, from Liverpool, e>ery four or five days throughout the year, to the different porta in the United Statea, by which passage ban be secured at redneed rates. Tnose sending for lireir frieudahuidhig in Great Britain and Ireland, may rely that every care itifjpe taken to make passengers as coinlortable aa they cad reabongbly expect, and should ihe pasieugcre not come out, the passage tnoney will be promptly refunded. Drafts can aa usual be furnished, p?yeb'e at >he Natioual end Provincial Banks of Ireland and branch's; Eastern Bank of Bcotiandand hmnchea; and on Mr ears. J. Bait, Boa fc Co., Bankers, London; Messrs. J. Burned It Co., Bankers, Liverpool, which ere (wyeble throng bout England and W elan. ) or further particulars apply (if by letter ^WtouMAN, 61 South street, near Wa'l street. N. B- Passage to Liveipool and London cau stall times be engaged by the regular packet ships, sailiug for Liverpool every lire days, and to London on the 1st, 10th and 30th of each month on application asaeove. j 13 cc EW Ylj^P^D HA^P^CKETs'f?^ Second Line?The Bhips of this line will hereafter leave New York on the 1st, and Havre on the 16th of each month, aa follows, via 1? From New York. From Havre. av;., nvrtn a i i_. M.e,,i. t i??k a ..eil DBy Uilbll/Al 1 Ub ? IVVII Captain 4 1st July. { 16th August. JnmfR Fnnck. i 1st November. f 16th Decmnber. Ship BALTIMOHK, (lat April ( 16th May. Captain < lit August. < 16th September Kdward Kuuck.r lit December, f 16th January. ShipUTICA, (lit May. (Mth Juun. Captain < lit September < 16th October. Frederick Hewitt. ( lit January, t 16th Kebrnary. NewihinSt. NICHOLASi lit June. (16th July. Captain < lit October. < 16th N ovember. J- B.Tell, f lit Kebrnary. ( 16th March. The accommodations ef these ships are not surpassed, combining all that may bf required for comfort. The price of ca bin passage is $100. Passengers will be supplied with every rr> quiiite with the eiception of wines and liquors. Oooda intended lor (has* vessels will be forwarded by the inbacriben, free from any other than the expsoeae actually incurred on chem. je?S ec No. iTontfee Building, cor. Wall and Water ?t WINTKtt AKKaIiOIl.MKNT?KOlt ALIAHf, W,W1 Via^RlDOEPOilT aad .a|M| Houwaoriic- It Weirr.nrr Albany by thja Uouta will take the new and ; elegant arramboat KUlll KA, Capl J L. Iriti h, which leaves , New York (rom foot liberty it. Saturday morning at l.alfpaat 6 o'clock, for Bridgeport, thence by th? Honaatonic and Wmtern Railroa Is, without chauue I can or baggage crates, to Albany t MumflTpniin at o clock* liw uifoo^n Kor passage or Vreight, apply on boar^or at the office, foot f Liberty street. M. PJ-.HRY, Agent. jlOec 1 PATERSON RAILROAD. < CTff BMP WPlfifl1 Fron Patermn to Jersey City. .. , On and after Meuday, Oct. Id, IKS, the ear. w ill leave Parnmoi* Dnrer. LaavuNgw Yon?. AM A. M. lfM" U* P. M. a r. BL 4 Th? Stuliy Tifini will b? ducontiuned until farther noice. Transportation un leave daily (Hnndeyi eicepted.) Paaeen- , pn *r? advised ta be at the Kerry, foot or Gonrtlaudt etreet. a I taw meantaa Wote the tinted honn of departure. jyUCtn* ' NEW YUMA AND philadelphia ra ..road linic _ ? direct, _ , '.Kon Nutans, Nnwanuutwica, Pamccroie, Ttwrer, ItUMTowe Air* Buhlihutoit. i 9 ^Tr THKOUtiH IN SIX HOUKM. ( Leering if 9* York daily from the foot of Conrtlandt it. Morning Line at 4 A. M.?Mail Pilot Line al<K P- M. , The Morning Line proceed! to Bordeutown, from thence by i eteamboat to Philadelphia. The Ereiiiag Line prpceeda direct to Camdea (oppoiiteto , Philadelphia) without change of can. , fueenr" will procure their tirketa at the office foot of , Conrtlandt atreet, where a commodiona steamboat, will be ia readiiieu, with baggaga crates on board. , Philadelphia baggage crates are conveyed from city to eity, wihout being opened by the way Each train ii provided with , a car in which are apartmenu and dreuing roome en.-msaly for KetunTiacTthe Itaae leave Philadelphia from the foot of Walnut street, by steamboat to Borden town at To elock, a. M. i R TV R NE LOUISIANNA OEPACKE1 M M m for the better accommodation of shipperiirit li ultesided destiatch a ship from this port on the 1st, 4th. 10th, 14th, 20i tad 24th oi" rath month, commencing the 10th October and cc tinning until May, when regular days wjll l>? appointed for t remainder of the year, whereby great delays and diaappoii menta will be prevented during the summer mouth* The li lowing ship* will commauce this arrangement: Snip YAZOO, Captain Cornell. Ship OCONEE, Captain Jackson. Ship MISSISSIPPI, Captain Hilliard. Ship LOUISVILLfe, Captain Hunt. Ship 8HAK8PEAKE, Captain Miner. Ship GASTON^ Captain Latham. Ship HUNTSy U-LlL, Captain Mumford. Ship OCMClock, Captain LaaTitt. Ship NASHVILLE, Captatu Dicktuaoo. Ship MEMPHIS, Captain Kuight. Ship LOUISA, Captain Mulford. These ships were ail built in tlia city of New York, eiprw ly for packets, are of light draft of water, have recently bo OOWI) cuw^iru I-"l "a I'ipmuiu uiui-I , Willi SCCOinillOU (ioom Tor pasteugers unr.jualled fur comfort. They are coi mandril by experienced masters, who will make every exertii to give general satisfaction. They will at all timet be tow ay and uowu the Mississippi by steamboat*. Neither tho owners or captaius of these ships will be retpo slblafot jewelry, bullion, precious stones,silver or plated waj or for anv letters, parcel or pack ape, sent by or put on board them, unless regular bills of lading are taken for the same ai the raiue thereon expressed. ' For freight or passage, apply to K/TrrolLrNS lit CO.. S6 South St., or 11ULL1N it WOuLllUt*'F. Agent in Nt Orleans, who will promptly forward all goods to their addre The ships of this liue are warranted to tail punctually as i rertised. and great care will be taken to have Mie goods corre Iv measured. rnI KOR NEW OKI.KAN8?Louisiana and Ne HSfW York Liue?Regular packet of the loth February. JHHMm The f-st sailing packet shin MISSISSIPPI Cap C. Hitlird will aail at above, her rrgolar day. Kor freight i pniaage having handsome furnished accommodations, appl on board at Orleans wharf, foot of Wall street. or to In. K COLLINS it Co., 56 South street Shippers by this line may tely upon having their goods to recily measured. Ag.-nts in New Orleans, llul in V Woodiuff, who wi prnmpily forward all good* to their addreas The packet ship Ocuiu'gee, Capt, Francis Peet. will siiccet the Mississippi, and sail the 10th February, her regular day. 12 rrc KOR LIVK.RPOOL?itegular I'acket of the 61 ifflWFeb-The first class racket ship UKO WA*lilN< AHhTON, < apt F. r. Allen, will sail as above, h?i rrg lit day. Having very sniierior accommodations for cabin, second c bm and steerage passengegi, those intending to embark sboul make immeoiate application ou board, foot of M-iden Lahe, i to joseph McMURRAY, 100 Pine street corner of South. The Onorgt Well ington will be succrded by the tela pacaet ship United State*, Captain Button, to sa.l o - ?ill rantHTi if or tlte accommodation of persons wishing to remit mom to their families or friends, drafts will be given in i urns to su rneir couveuieuce, on th Provincial Bank of Iralaud and all i branches throughout the kingdom; also on Maura Spoone Atwood Ik Co., Bant era, Londou?payable in every tow throughout Great Britain and Wales,by applying as above. jXfve ?ee FOR LIVERPOOL?NEW LINE.?Regat (HV>Packet of26th February.?The splendid packet sh BHHLoaRRICK, Capt Win. Skiddy, of 1000 tons, wi mil as above,her regular day. Furfreight or passage, having a commodatious unequalled for splendor or coinlorl, appl board, at Orleaus wharf, loot of WalJ street, or to E. K. COLLINS St CO Price of passage, $100. V> South str a. The packet ship Koscius, Capt. J. Coll.ns. i .in) ton will succeed the Oarrick, and sail the"k th :-rci rregnl day. Passengers may r pon the ships n! tin . line s put tually as advertisi rrc FOl 1VKRPOOL?The New Line Krgul unl^VPackei i?t Kebru try.?The snperior New Yo JNnK* built Uet ship ROCHESTER, John flrino muter; 800 tous rthen, ill sail u above, her regular day. For freight or passage, having vrry suikt r accoimuod tious, apply to the Captain on board, at v side Uoriii slip, or to WOODHULI SO 'U11N8, South st. The superior packet ship Hnttingv .ley, ma?t? 1050 tons hortnen, will succeed the id mil i her regular day, 21st March. '.5 OSgAor* WO?IT1EHAt? '^S'i SCkXLBTATEN ISLANDER wii yo and Ststen Island, on and alter October 2d, u follows, um rth"Lcu*?e|taten Island at 2)4, 10, a.m.,2,4, r. m. Leave New York st 2. 12)4, 10 min. put 3.4J4. N. B.?On Sundays the boat will leave at II instead of 1214 All IVvight shipped is reqaired to he particularly marked si is at the risk of t he owners thereof. s30t.1V If 4 II Nl'W.V ar nr l>? l.'V 1JII ircu r imi: V*/ w u li-\i 1VUOO iiinu. ?t?. . (Office No. 3 Wail street) via Bridgepo CKBET5Iard New Haven. During the suspension c navigation on the Sound, a line or superit * oucnr? v, in c re the office, of Harodfti & Co. every awning i < o'clock, to accommodate passengers for Bridgeport, Ne Haven, Albany and Boston. Passengers called for at the prii cipal Hotel* on Broadway. Seat* to be aecured at Ilarnden Co's. Ilarnden It Co. will despat'h a Messenger with Small Pack. fee Irom their Office every evening at6 o'clock, for Boston an rovidence. HAKNDEN (t CO., 3 Wall ali?t. February 2d 1834. flee PUBLIC HOtJaK FOB SALE ? ullL M VI LK pjM HALL, situated No. 440 Broadway, an oi l eatavliah< X1M? si d well kuown Houae. 'J he proprietor having aui trier place cmriot devote hie attention to this one Any perac wishing to purchaae, a good inducement uow ulTera lnoni on the premises. M. D WINCHEL. ft 2t?ec FOB SALE?The lirge and anacious Dwellis Houae and lot of gronnd, occup.ed by the subscribe J3L No. 7t8 Broadway, corner ol Aator Place. 'i h< houae ia 48 fret 10 inches front on Broadway , 02 feet inches wide in the rear, aud 56 fe t 6 inches deep, exclusive ol covered gallery in the rear, 8 feet deep aud extending the who breadth of the house. Tli'r* are four rooms ou the first floor, with an exteuaii hall, large pantries, eloreta, Ac. The second atorv contaii five large rooms, with a large hall, store room*, dressing room l>antries, Ste. The third or attic story is dividrd into five larg rooms, with fire places, store rroins, ItC The basement floe contains six rooms, with a bath room acd other convenience The under cellar it 8 feel high, and is divided into sparlmeui foT coal, vegetables, wines, Sic. It it believed >>>at the house ia one of the best planned an most comfortable in the city. It may be seen between tl hours of 11 and 2 o'clock. For further particulars apply to F. B. Cutting, No. 68 Wa street, or to O. CUTTING, j30 2w*itc 748 Broadway, TO LET?From the first bf Febtuary next, thi fvTjtt valuable stand, the had lioad Depot Hotel, at Yorl Jnfij^ville, corner of Uii street and 4th avenue, with bar an bar-fixtures complete. Apply on the premises, or to jl7 6t*re UlbO. NOW LAN, Prospect Hall. jgjtdf FOB. BALE?1 he piece of laud, aonsisting of sboi JrCfffit 6 acres, situate in the village of F-ort Lee, on the Wei wMkat. bank of the Hud* m hirer, and known as " The O hard." On the premises are thrre Cottages, all in goon o de The land is an Orehaid of Apple and Cherry Treea, of excel lent quality is in good liruce, and excellent condition. A Doc and water front air c> niiectid with it. Also?a piece of laud in-he same village, and West of an opposite to the Orchard, consisting of about 7 acres, know ss the ' Moore proiierty." On this place are two dwelliu houses, una a large portion of it is in good cultivation. Also?the property in the tame village frosting nn the rive known as Long Dock, consisting of uuwardsof 61 acres. <J the premises ia a substantial Dock, aud a small dwelling hou and baru. 1 Ins property has undergone txpeusive itnprov mpnli in fr.nrt?m. rnatik. ?tmie wsllt kc.. mid include* a vain, bie water front. P. K. TILLOU, R Imrrc S8 Walt at. (4 BROWN h UO.'S One Price Hat Store, i7R Cliatnai /**? Square, corner of Mott street, where f'sliioii, beaut' durability and economy are combined to adorn the head 'II proprietor* have the pleiuure to offer a new ?tyle of hat,the itn tation of beaver, which clmely resemble tho*e formerly told fi %i and $6, at the low fixed price of S3. Those, who from incl uation or necessity are induced to study economy in that indi pensable article of dress, have now an opportunity of doing aud still keep tip the appearance of the most fashionable. Brow k<>., iu presenting this hat to the public, think they hai nearly retched the ultimatum of beauty, cheapness, neatnes durability and comfbrt of the sent. All sale* are for caal therefore no good customer pays for losso incurred i>y the ba BROWN It CO., 178 Chatham Square, J4 lm*m Corner of Mutt street. LOOK AT THIB, GENTLEMEN'S CORK SOLE BOOTS, 'lie best ( J quality $5 00 Do Water Proof Boots do 4 00 Do Light French Calfskin Boots... do- -t3 to 4 0# Do India KubnerOvershoes, with leater solss 1 50 I'o Plato Rubbers M Do Dancing Pumps 1 #0 Do nauriuK Oaitrrs IJJ Do Worked Sinters* 100, And all other kinds of Boots aud Shoes in fashion; Ladie Oaiier Boots, Buskins, Slippers, Ties, Quilted Shoes, Prunell Shoes, white and black Satin Slippers. Button Shoes, ludi Rubber Strap-furred plain, and all o'her kinds of Q*er Shoes (Joss, Moccasins, aud the greatest assortment of Boy's B ol a,.d ehoes; Misses' and Children's, ?l' ail kinds to be found I the world , all of our own ma uf icture, and the liest of Krenc goods, and warranted to be the best, and as cheap as the chesi est, at 307 Broad wy, corner of franklin street. J3K Im*rc GREGORY Ik CAHILL, 367 Bmadwav. ^ BOOTH-WATER PROOF Double and Cork Sole, Im French and native calf and patent screw taps; warrinte IV good 11 ae calf boots for men; boy's and children's dt cearse water boots and shoes of a|l serts aud sixes N. B.?Lidies, Misses and Children's gaiter boots, shoes an buskins, double and single soles, aud ol every color and shadi Ladies, Gents, Mures and Children's water pionf India Huhhs tivetahoes of the latest stvl*, all of which will be sold cheape than at any other store in this city Napoleon tap hoots $7 pair. J. 8. WALKER, 4IS Broadway, j3 Im'ee Comer of Canal sr. - HOOT AND SHOE STORE. READY respectfully informs hit lri?n<l uiu ills' JuLlic, that he has commenced business in th- almv line, at No. 99 Nassau street, where he will thaukfuliy r>r?wv nid faithfully execute, all ord.'rs he may be lavored with ? tnf rami rwmnnmiip urrmv r?wi> . - ? ?dl _ niKNJX HORftK BAZAAR-Nos. 183 and 11 .ljH^kMereef street ?WILLI AM COWAN reapeclfall ' ' ? ,iii..?r.n? hu friends and the public gen'rally, thai h 3a> nlwrd into coparinarahip witti THOMAS H. UlLKS tnder the lirm of i.uwui fc Dilka, Hiving taken the Urge and c m-noilious fi-#-proof slaht* Not. 18? and 191 Mercer at-ret, (oae door North of Ble ckrr, ind made eitemive additions. al eration* and improvement! t the same, thay hare opauad the estaklishm-nt under the abov litle for the aale of Horses, Carriages, Sleighs, 'lames*:, Sad ill?ry, k*. at Public Auction and Piirata Sale ; a'ao for the ac connaodation el'dealer's hnraaaat print? tale and lirary hors'i W. Cowan takei thla oppoiunty to return thanks for th r?rv liberal pitronage b at iwed cu him while proprietor of th " Mora* Bar. itr," Crosby atree , and in soliciting the paironag of Ilia old friend* and the public in senaral for tkr n?? eat l?ii Indent. he aaauiea tlieui that no riariiou a'-all be wantin ju hia part, or ill it of hia partner, Thoa II Dilka, to merit couliiiutnc* ol p i otic far ir. C. k I) flatter themselves that the arrinvetnenra they ha* ma le will me t the entire a; probation of the pnblic, harm iccimskodation* for over On? Hundred bora's, in a style uu lurpaaied by any eatablialunant of the kiuu in the Unite Unite, ; alio large and convenient lofkt for the sale of carriage if all deacriptiona, sleighs, haaras, k?. Th i rairular public a ilea at ihii aal iblivhinmt will be held oi vi-ry TUESDAY throughout the year. The first aale will take place on TU f. ADAY, Kebraary 13th commencing at II o'clock, with Carriage*, iltmeaa, kc AH Horaei intended for th.* sale lUnat be registered previon lo Monday Ke> ?i 11 at 8 o'clock, I', M. The public < c *11 sod aiainiue the premise*. COWAN k &ILK8, 0 ll*et Proprietors, ! W YO !W VHB1? SATURDAY MO ? ? * jl v/a?jia.? ^ v ^ SIR. CALHOUN'S LETTER. t7? ? ? 0f His Withdrawal from the next Presi- j* ? dential Contest. ui- . iti ft* Room of the Central Committee, > ?*! ol January 3, 1844. J J~ To the Editors of the Mercury? L We inclose to you lor publication a letter to us, ?a and an address from the Hon. J. C. Calhoun to his pr< friends and supporters, giving his reasons for with- So holding his name us a candidate for the Presi- an dency, from the Convention which is to assemble ('u in Baltimore on the fourth Monday in May next. a| In placing this document in your hands for publi wuiiuii, u is proper id uiaie, mill aiiiiougn iiunsiiiii- nc x- led to this committee, to be through them submit- t;,s fa" ted to the public, the absence of many of its mem- 0f here prevented the assembling of a quorum until po ?o this day, when its publication was directed in ac- off 8,1 cordance with the wishes of Mr. Calhoun. hi n- Fokt lln.i,, Dec. 21, 1843. tuj Gknti.kmkn :?1 herewith enclose you, as the ?n, organ of those who have nominated me for the lep Presidency in this State, subject to a convention ov fairly constituted, nn address to my political friends po y, and supporters, assigning my reasons for not per- ?f m mining my name to go before the proposed con- j"L vention to be held in Baltimore in May next. 1 j? transmit it to you, because 1 deem it respectful and Jjl ? proper to make it known to those to whom it is j _ addressed, through you, and in order to ufiord you 0f >t. an opportunity to take such measures in relation to wl ?' it as you may deem proper, if indeed, you should wo v deem any necessary. All 1 have to request is, wl that its publication sliould not be umicce&surily de- ||* ' layi'd. Willi great inspect, 1 in, \'c. <Ve. 11 (Signed,) j. C. Cauioun. w'j' lion. Jacob Bond i'o.n, and other members of vi< 'd the Committee. vol The Address of dir. Calhoun to Ills Political Sti r Friends and supporters. ini: j. I have led it to you, my friend* and supporters, through '{" whose favorable estimate of my qualification*, my name *"< ha* lieeu presented to the people of the United Stutea lor Vi< ? the office of Chief Magistrate, to conduct the cunvass on '4 *ucU principles, and in such manner, a* you might think "f_ ,r best. But, in ao doing, I did not waive my right to deter- wi mine, on iny individual responsibility, what course my l>" n duty might compel me to pursue ultimately, nor have I cu' in been an inattentive observer ol the canvass and the course you have tones. Co 'V It affords me pleasure to be enabled to say, that on all " J leading questions, growing out of the canvass, 1 heartily 'ht it, concurred with you, ii* the grounds yon took, and e.-pe- cat rn cially in those relating to the mode in which the Dele- ??' gates to the proposed C onvention to be held in Baltimore, ' < _ should be appointel, and how they should vote. You "*" hj have, in my opinion, conclusively shown, that they the in should be appointed by Districts and vote iter ni/iila ; but fri U your reasons, as conclusive as they are, nave proved in if 1 c vain. Already Now York and some other States have ap- CY >D jiointed Delegates en mattr by State Conventions, and one bei Statu (Virginia) lias resolved that the votes of her l^he- lot gates should he given by the majority, and he countefBr fol > . a pita. Their course would necessarily overrule tnut l?] a' which you have so ably supported, should you go into Convention, and would leave you no alternative, but to yn-ia yours and adopt theirs, however much you may be utt, ? opposed to it ua principle, or to meet them on the most tin- n? ar equal terms, with divided against united and concentre- co rk ted tore vs. sui n. The question then is, wliat course, under such circumstances, should be adopted 7 And that question, you will ' be compelled speedily to decide. The near approach of 0,1 the time for molding of the proposed Convention will not admit of much longer delay. But as your coursu may de- jer f, pend in some degree on that which 1 have decided to take, ?y 1 deem it due to the relation subsisting between us, to v" __ make mine known to you without further delay. 1, then, after the .most careful and deliberate survey of u the whole ground, have decided, that 1 cannot permit my Tt {ft name to go before the proposed Convention, constituted P01 as it must now be, consistently with the principles, which have ever guided my public conduct. My objections are ev insuperable. As it must be constituted, it is repugnant to m' ;. all the principles, on which, in my opinion, such a Con- co> id vention should be formed. What those principles are, 1 a? _ shall now proceed briefly to state. Th I hold, then, with you, that the Convention should be ?l>. rt so constituted, as to utter fully and clearly the voice of l'1( of the people and not that of political managers, or otlice w' >r holders Hnd oliice seekers ; and for that purpose, 1 hold it P at imlispensable, that the delegates should be appointed <li * rectly by the ]>eopIc, or to use the language ol Gen. Jackfc ton, should he ' lresh from the people." 1 also hold, that c?< the only possible mode to effect this, is for the people to 7? a- choose the uetegates by district*, and that they should da; vote per capita Kvery other mode ol appointing would n0( be controlled by political machinery, and place the ap- ca' ? pointments in the hands of the few who work it. be< B 1 object, then, to the proposed Convention, because it cor will not be constituted in conformity with this fundumeu,,J tal article ol the ltepuhlican creel. The Delegates to it m> rr will he ap|>ointed lrom some of the States, not by the pcopie in Districts, but, as has been stated, by Statu Conven- l,rt tions rn nuute, composed of Delegates, appointed in all ?,n cases, as far as 1 am informed, by County or District Con- 'n r, ventions, and in some cases, if not misinformed, these I'*' again composed of Delegates uppointed by still smaller *'? 6 divisions, or a few interested individuals. Instead, then, ?pi ,* of being directly, or fresh from the people, the Delegates P01 to the Baltimore Convention will be the Delegates of Del- 'tis (-gates; and of course removed, in all cases, at least three, K0T is it not four degree* from the people. At each successive ?'* >. remove, the voice of the people will become less full and * distinct, until, at last, it will be so faint and imperfect, as ,l'v " not to be audible. To drop metuphor, I hold it impossible *1 t, to form a scheme more perfectly calculated to annihilate "v the control of the people over the Presidential election, id and vest it in those, who make politics a trade, and who '1?' '* live or expect to live on the Ciovernment. <ra .. In this connection, I object not less strongly to the I"" mode in which Virginia has resolved her Delegates shall be vote. With all due respect, I must say, I can imagine - nothing more directly in conflict with "the principles* ot ri" J' our federal system ol government, or to use a broader ex- em J pression, the principles on wliicli all confederuied comainnities have ever been united. 1 hazard nothing in saying, 0,1 that there is not an instance in our jiolitical history, from ev( ~ the meeting of the first Revolutionary Congress to the to lt present day, ol the Delegates of auy State voting by majo- mu r? rity and counting /irr cujiila; nor do I believe an instance r. of the kind can be found in the history of any confederated an< I- community. There is indeed something monstrous in the we * idea of giving the majority the right of impressing the f'? j vote of the minority into its service, and counting them us ' n its own. The plain rule?that which has ever prevailed, r'K it and which conforms to the dictates of common sense, is, th( that where a State votes as a State, by a majority of its (,e' ' Delegates, the votes count one, be they few or many, or f"1 " the State large or small. On the contrary, where the r. votes of all the Delegates are counted, they vote iudividu- '",ri x- ally and independently, each for himself counting one.? nB And it is to be noted, that wherever this latter mode of ' 0 _ voting exists among confederated States, it is in all cases K* m founded on compact, to which the consent ol each State ' h is required. In the aVser.ce of compact, the invariable sa' \r mode of voting, in such States, is, in all cases, bv the ma- (b' jority, tlieir vote counting one. The course which Vir- Nti '' giuia has resolved to take, is in violation of this ]>lain and 1 tundamentnl rule, and if it sliould become a settled nrac- tin t>, tice, would he destructive of the foundation on which the *1" -n whole structure of the State Right doctrine is reared. tH' " I hold, in the next place, to he an indispensable princl- *tr * pie, that the Convention should he so constituted as to Pa j give to each State, in tho nomination of n candidate, ths r" same relative weight, which the ( (institution secures to it l,ri in the election of the President, making due allowance for w> ? its relitive jiarty strength. By the election, I mean the Pal a( whole?the eventual choice when it goes into the house ?'1 of Representatives, as well as the primary vote in the "s electoral college. The one is as rnucn a part of the elec- P? lion as the other. The two make the whole. The adop (fr< (ion of the one, in the Convention which framed the Con "ft1 stitution, depended on the adoption of the other. Neither 'be could possibly be adopted alone. The two were the result '?r of compromise between the larger and smaller States, after be i' n long and doubtful struggle, which threatened the loss of r|,ri ' the Constitution itself. The object of giving to the "P1 * smaller States an equality with the larger in the eventual ">'1 A choice, by the House, was to counterpoise the preponderp ance of the larger in the electoral college. Without this, tr.1 h the smaller would have voted against the whole provision, Pri * and its rejection would have been the consequence. Kven #|J' as it stands, Delaware voted against i'. In confirmation _ of what 1 state, 1 refer to Mr. Madison's report on the pro- P"' ?t v? um UWII'chhwh. ? Having stated what I mean by th? flection, it will re- n''" ' qnire^but a few words to explain my reasons for the prind ciplmi I have laid down. They nre few and simnle, j"> and rest on the ground that the nomination is in reality "'y * the election, if concurred in, as far as the party isconcvrn- 'he r ed. It is so intended to be. The leading reason assign) d tra * for making it, is to prevent a division of the party, and >>"' thereby prevent the election from going into the House, - where the smaller States would have the advantage jo- '? tended to lie secured to them by the Constitution, by <?rc x iH'ing placed on an equality with the larger. or ' Hucn being tho intended object and effect, I now submit ' to every candid mind, whether tho Convention ought not '' to be so constituted as to compensate in tho nomination 'ar for the importnnt ad vantage in the election, which the s'n i, smaller States surrender by going into a Convention. 1 " v Would it not be unfair?a palpable want of good faith and ' subversive of the compromise, of the Constitution to with- v,*r * hold it I Or, if demanded, would it tie short of ail insult to no' t refuse it? I an it be thought that the smaller States are so "0' ) debased and absorbed in the party politics of the day, as to 'on a permit themsblve* to ho thus indirectly stripped of a right 'r,i ' which their high minded and patriotic ancestors held so vid I' denr, as even to prefei the loss of the Constitution itself, 'ha , rather than sun ender it. mo , I object, then, to the proposed Convention, in this con- ? * nection, because it makes no compensation to the smaller Tlv ? States for the surrender of this unquestionable and impor- "or taut constitutional right. Inste el of that, its ailvocates fori K lierssmptority and indignantly refuse any, and treat with *h a scorn every attempt to secure it. Home have even gone '' r P so far as to deny that tho eventual choice of the House ovp ii constitutes any portion of the election, and to manifest ""'I * open hostility against the provision of the Constitution *ho " which contains it. v,'n * Itthere was noother objection, the one under considers- ers i, tion would be insuperable with mo. f differ utterly from ''Bl the advocates of thw proposed Convention, in reference to this provision, i regard it hs one of the rtrst importance, be < not because I desire the election to go into the House, hut '" ' * because I believe it to be an indispensable means, in the "'nf hands of the smaller States, of preserving their just and but constitutional weight in the ('residential election, and *ha through that, in the fcxecutive Department and the govern- W'1 >RK 1 RNING, FEBRUARY 3, : ant itself, which I believe to be essential to the preserva mlofour sublime federal system. I regard the adjustment the relative weight of the State* in the government to be a fundamental compromise of the Constitution, and that l which our whole political system depends. It* adjust;nt conatituted the great difficulty in forming the Contution. The principle on which it wa* tinully effected is, that, wliile due concession should be made to popu* .ion, a provision should be aWo made, in some form, to aserve the original equality of the States in every dertment of the Government The principle was easily cried out iu constituting the legislative department, by eserving the equality of the States in one branch, (the natc) and conceding to population its full preponderce iu the other, llut the great and difficult task iu reclug it to practice was, iu the Kxectitive Department, the head of which there is but a single officer. So great is it, that it occupied the attention of the Convention, mi time to time, during the whole session, and was very ar causing a lailure at last. It would ha\e been an easy k to constitute that department, either on the principle the equality of the States in the government, or that of pulation. 1 o combine the two, in the election of a single leer, was quite a different affair ; but however difficult, dad to be performed, at the hazard of losing the Consti.ion. It was finally accomplished, hy giving to the larger ites nearly the soma preponderance >b the electoral col;e, as they have in the House, and to tho smaller, in the ent of a choice hy the House, the same equality they ssess in the Senate ; thus following closely the anology the Legislative Department. To make it as close as potde, it was at first proposed to give the evc-utaal choice the Senate, instead of the House, hut tt was altered and present provision adopted, for reasons which (lid not ret the principle. t wan believed by the framors, the practical operation the provision would he, 'hat the electoral college, in lich the influence of the larger States preponderates, uM nominate, and that the House voting by States, lore their equality is preserved, would elect who should the President. To give it that operation in practice, i provision, as it originally stood in the Constitution, s that each cluctor should vote fur twu individuals, ihout discriminating which should he President, or 1 :e President, and if no one had a majority of the whole tea, then out of the five highest, the Mouse voting by itcs, should elect one, and the person not elected, nav; the highest iiumhcr of votes, should he the Vice Pro. eat. It hus been since altered, so that the electors mid designate which should be President, and which .ie President, and the selection ot the House was limited the three highest. It is manifest, that if this provision the Constitution hud heeu left to operate by itself, thout the intervention of caucuses, or party convenn? between the people nud the election, that the practioperation would have been such as I have stated, 1 such as was clearly Intended by the framers of the institution. The object intended is important The preservation of i relative weight of the States, us established by the istitutiou in all the departments, is necessary to the cess and duration of our system ot government; but nay be doubted whether the provision adopted to eft it in the Executive Department, is not too refined for i strong, and 1 may add, corrupt passions, which the fiidential election will ever oxcite. Certain it is, that the practice of nominating candidates for the Preside!!, by conventions constituted as they proposed, shall ;eme the established usage, it will uttarly|deleat the inition of the limners of the Constitution, and would lie lowed by a radical and dangerous change, not only in j Kxe.cutivo Department, but in the government itself. This danger was early foreseen, and to attoid it, some the wisest and most experienced statesmen of former ys so strongly objected to Congressional caucuses to minute candidates for the Presidency, that they never uld he induced to attend them; among these it will he Hieient to name Mr. Macon and Mr. I.owndes. Others, lieving that '.bis provision of the Constitution was too ined for practice, were solicitous to amend it, but witht impairing the influence of the smuller States in tho iction. Among these, I rank myself. With that obit, resolutions were introduced, in 1S28, in the Senate Col. Bullion, ami in the House by Mr. McDuttle, pro- 1 ling for districting the States, and for referring the iction back to the people, in ease there should be no oice, to elect one from the two highest candidates ? le principle which governed in the amendment pro- 1 ted, was to give a fair compensation to the smal- I 1 States for the surrender of their advantage in the I entual choice by the House, and at the same time to < ike the mode of electing the President more strictly in nformity with the principles of our popular institutions 1 lie less liable to corruption,than the existing provision 1 ley received the general support of the party, nut were jected to by a few, as not being a full equivalent to :! smaller States. The principle embraced is identical th that on which you proposed to constitute the Baltiire Convention, but which has lieon so dic'atoriaily obted to by some, who thelftook so prominent a part in its 'or. If you have not succeeded, tliere is at least some isolation in retlectingthat if others have since changed, n now stand where you then did,in the purer and better rs of the party. I was in favor of it then, as I am now, t because I consider the resolutions as perfect, theoretily, as the. existing provisions of the Constitution, but lauso t believe It would in practice more certAinly ac- i nplish what the Iramers of the Constitution intended. 1 t while the provision stands us it does, 1 would regnrd I self as little short of a traitor to that sacred instrument, iuld I give'my assent, directly or indirectly, to any 1 ictice which would have the effect of divesting the aller States of the due weight which it secures to thorn the Presidential election, whether designed or not. And lot m?t a/1/1 thai anf)liifi^innnhl<<no I thinl n o_ n>il caucus* lor nominating a President, it is in my inion.fav 1c.uk so .than a Convention constituted as is prosed. The former had indeed many things to recommend Its momliers, consisting of Senators and llepreitativrs, were the immediate organs of the State Lelatures, or the |>eople; were resj?onsible to them resctively, nnd were for the most part, of high chnrac, standing, and talents. They voted prr capita, and tat in very imiaortant, they represented fairly the reiac strength of the party in their respective States. In these inijKirtant particulars, it was all thnt could be dred for a nominating body, and formed n striking conist to the proposed Convention; and yet, it conlil not be rue by the people in the then purer days of the Itepub I, acting with (icn. Jackson and most of the leaders the party at the time, contributed to put it down, beise we believed it to !>u liable to be acted on and induced by the patronage of the Uovernnient?an objection mote applicable to a Convention constituted as the 0 proposed, than to a Congressional caucus. Far howsr was it from iny intention, in aiding to put thnt down, sutatitute in its place what I regurd as an hundred times re objectionable in every point of view. Indeed, if re must be an intermediate body lietween the people 1 the election, unknown to the Constitution, it may be il questioned whether a better than the old plan of a ] ngressional caucus can be devised. i n taking the ground I have, in favor of maintaining the ht secured to the smaller States by the compromise of : Constitution, 1 am actuated by no parti/nn feeling or lire to conciliate their good opinion. If the case was sersed, and the rights of the larger, instead of the aller, were invaded, I would with equal readiness and mness, stand up in their defence. I am the partr/.an of ither one nor the other, but simply a supporter of the institution, and what I believe to tie just and fair. I renl the Constitution ns the only ark of safety for all, and elieve that, in defending it, I defend the interest and ety of each and all?the greater as well as the smaller? States invading the right of the others, as well as the ites whose right are invaded. have laid down the principle, on wnich I rest j objection in question, with tlio limitation, that 5 relative weight of the States should he mninnod, making due allowance for their relative party ength. The propriety of the limitation in so Hprent, thnt hut a few words in Illustration will he ' (iiired. Tho Convention is a party Convention, and , jfessedly intended to take the sense of the party, lich cannot be done fairly, if States having hut little I rty strength nre put On an equality with those which vc much. If that were done, the result might he, that mall portion of the party Irom States the least sound, litically.nnd which c.onld give bnt little support in Con- ! ss, might select the candidate, and make the President, ainst a great nfajority of the soundest, and on which ! President and his administration would have to rely I support. All this is clearly too unfair and Improper to , denied. There may hen great difficulty in applying a , nedy in a Convention, but I do not feel myself called ( an to any how it can ho done, or hy what standard the ative party strength of the respective States should he crmined; perhaps the host would lie their relative f rnglli in t ongress at the time. In laying down the ' nciple, I added the limitation for the sake of accuraey, < I to show how imperfnr.tlv the party must he represent- < when it is overlooked. 1 see no provision in the pro- I led Convention to meet it. . I lilt, in order to realise how the Convention will oper, it will he necessary to view the combined effect* of , objections which I have made. Thus viewed, it will found, that n Convention so constituted, tends irresisti- ' ' tocentrnlirstion oentrxliration of the control o.er ' Presidential election in the hands of a few of the een- I I, large states, at tirst nnd finally, in political managers, c ce holders and office seekers, or to express it different- I in that portion of the community, who live or expect | live on the government, in contradistinction to the , at mass, who expect to live on their own means j their honest industry: and who maintain the govern- I rit, ninl nominally speaking, emphatically the people, flint such would be the case, may be inferred from tJio ' t, that it would aflord the means to some six or seven ' tes lying contiguous and not far from the centre of the | ion, to control thn nomination, and through that the etion, tiy concentrating their united vote* in the Con- ( ition. (live them the power of doing no, and it txould , long lio dormant. What may be done hy combina- , l, where the temptation i* so great, Will he suos-rre | g to ho done. To combine nnd conquer, i* no leas e as a mavim, where power is eoncemed than to "dl- ' e and conipter " Nothing is hotter established, than ' t the desire for power can bring together and unite the ' st discordant materials. I lut the tendency to centralization will not stop there < e appointment of delegates m thane hy State Conven , i, would tend, at the same time and even w ith greater , ;e, to centralise this control in the hands of the lew, 0 make politics a trnde. The farther the Conven1 ion emoved from the people, the more certainly the con'rol ' r it will be plaend in the hand' of the interested few, ( 1 when removed three or four degrees, as lins lieen wn it will he, where the appointment is hy State Con- ( tions, the power of the people will cease, and the seekof Kxecutivo favor will become supreme. At that i re, an aetive, trained nnd combined corps will he formin the party twhi.se whole time and attention will lirected to politics, It will lie their sole business. Inheir hands the appointments of delegntes in all the fes will fall, and tliev will take special care that none themselves or their humble nnd obedient dependants II be appointed The central and Htate Conventions I be tilled hy tho moat experienced and cunning, and ,,?w. , Mi|i i ir?j.n . J turn- ** SERA i r* a A . Lo44. after nominating the President, thev will take good rare to divide the patronage and oitices, both of the (ieneral and State Uovemuu-nts, among themselves and their dependents. But why say will ' is it not already the case ' Have there not been many jostauces of State Conventions being,tillec. ay oltice holders and otticc seekers, who alter making tne nomination, has e divided the otikes in the State among themselves and their partisans, and joined in recommending to the candidute whom they have just nominated to appoint them to the ollices to which they have been respectively allotted. If such l>e the case in the infancy ol the system, it must end, if such conventions should liecome the established Usage, in the President nominating his successor. When it comes to that, it will not be long before the sword will take the ^ place of the Constitution. Such are my objections to the mode in which the proposed convention is to lie constituted, and my reasons for entertaining them. They are such, that I cannot refuse to obey thein without reuounciiig the principles which I hare often avowed in public and private, and which have'guided mujlhrough the whole course ol my public life. In coming to this conclusion I have not passed over, without careful examination, the reasous assigned by its advocates for constituting the convention as they propose. They have not diminished the force of my objections. I propose to notice the most prominent. Tuiat which they have u.iged with the greatest confidence is, that each State has a right to appoint delegates as she pleases. 1 meet it, by utterly denying that there is any such right. That each State has the right to act as it pleases, in whatever relates to itself exclusively, no one will deny, but it is a periectly novel doctrine, that any State has such a right, when she conies to act in concert with others in reference to what concerns the whole. In such cases it is the plainest dictate of commou sense, that whatever affects the whole should be regulated by the mutual consent of all, nnd not by the discretion ol' each. That the uppoiutment of Delegates to the proposed Convention is a case of this description, 1 trust I have conclusively shown. 1 have, 1 also trust, shown more; that tlio supposed right is perfectly deceptive, for while it claims tor each State the right to apjioiut Delegates a* it pleases, it in reulitv gives the larger States tlio right to dictate how the others shall appoint. If, for example, the Knipirfe Statu, as it is called, adopts the mode ot appointing (as she lias) which will concentrate her whole strength, what discretion would she leuve to others, it they go into Convention, but to appoiut as she has uppoiiited, or to be ruled by her. It is then neither more nor less than acluim to dictate, under the garb of a right, and suoh its exercise has proved in the present cusc. It has left no option, but to conform to ber course, or be overruled, or refuse to go into the Convention. I regret tins, because 1 sincerely dcsiro to preserve the harmony of the party. I luid strong hope that the rally after the defeat of 1S40 w ould be exclusively on principle. This hope was greatly strengthened by the truly republican and noble stand taken at the extra session and the earlier jiortion of the succeeding regular session. During , that period of rigid adherence to principle, perfect bar- ( mony pervaded the ranks of the party. 1 beheld it with | joy. I believed the moment highly favorable for the ( .borough reformation of the Government and the restora- . lion of the Constitution. To the liepublican party 1 I looked for the accomplishment of tliis great work; anil 1 , accordingly felt the deepest solicitude that the stand taken | mil the harmony which existed should be preserved. In t arder that it should, 1 made up my mind to waive the ob- , jectiou, which I have long entertained to any intermediate ( tiody , unknown to the Constitution, between the people , Slid the election of the President, in the hope that the pro- , posed Convention would lie so constituted that 1 might, , (insistently with my principles, give it iny support. In | this 1 have been disappointed, and being so, 1 am compelled ( to decide us 1 have done. The sania motives which lm- j polled me to separate from the administration ot General , laekson, in the plenitude of its power, and to come to the , rescue of Mr. Van Buren's at its greatest depression,.dom- , pels me uow to withhold my name from the proposed , Convention. . Having now assigned my reasons for refusing to permit j mv name to go before the Baltimore Convention, {treats with you who have placed i*. be'orethe people and assented to abide by a Convention fairly constituted, to determine what course you will pursue. Be your decision what it may, 1 shall be content. But 1 regarded it as due to the occasion, to you and myself, to declare that under no circumstanres whatever shall 1 support any candidate, who is opposed to free trade, and in | favor ol the protective policy, or whose prominent and in- , fluential friends and supporters are. I hold the policy to be another name for a system of monopoly and plunder, ] and to be thoroughly anti-republican and federal in its ( character. 1 also hold that so long as the duties are so , laid as to lie in fact bounties to one jiortion of the commu- , nity, while they operate as oppressive taxes on the other, there can be no hope that the Government can be reformed, or that its expenditures will lie reduced to the proper standard. Were 1, with the evidences before mo, to say otherwise of my course, it would be practically, to decline that I regard the protective policy to be an open question, so fur us th? party in concerned* which I would consider, on my J>art, a \ irltial abandonment of the cause of hrce Trade J'hat can never lie. 1 have done and suflcred too much fur It, when Its friend* were few and feeble to abandon it | now?now, when the auspice* everywhere, on this and , md the other side of the Atlantic, pioclaim the approach- ( ing downfall of protection and the permanent triumph of , Kree Trade. I, who upheld it against monopoly and plun- , iler, in the worst of times, and brav ed the menaces of Ad- | ministration and Opposition, when hacked but by a single State?will not, cannot abandon the glorious cause now. when Its banner waves in proud triumph over the metropolis of the commercial world. No, I shall maintain immoveably the ground I have so long occupied, until I have witnessed its great and liuol victory, if it shall please the Disposer of Kvents to spare my life so long. It will he indeed a victory ?the harbinger oi anew, uud|brighter, and higher civilization. Much less, still, can 1 give my support to any candidate who shall give his aid or countenance to the agitation of abolition in Congress or elsewhere, or whose prominent and influential fnendi and supporters shall. 1 doubt the lincerity of any man who declares he is uo abolitionist, whilst at the same time he aids or countenances the agitation of the question, l>e his pretuxt what it may. It we huvc a right to our slaves, we hare the right to hold tlieni in pcacu and quiet. If the Constitution guarantees the one, i It guarantees the other, and if it forbids the one from being i attacked, it equally forbids the other. Indeed, the one stands to the other, us means to an end, and is so avowed 1 ay the attolitionists, and on the plainest principle* of mo- , rals, if the end be prohibited, the means of uflecting it also ire. Ofthetwo.l regard the deluded luuatiC far less guilty < md dangerous than lie, who, for political or party purpo- * ics, aids or countenances him in what he knows is intend- ' d to do that which he acknow ledges to be forbidden by .he Constitution. it in time that an end should lie put to tliiK system 01 plunder anil agitation. They have been borne long enough. They are kindred moamrei and hostile, us far, at least, as one portion of the L'nion is concerned. While the tariff takes from us the proceeds of our labor, abolition strikes at the. labor itself. The one robs us of our income, while the other aims at destroying the source from which that income is derived. It is impossible for us to stand patiently much longer, under their double operation, without being impoverished and ruined. JOHN C. CALHOUN. New Orleans. [Correspondence of the Herald.) New Oat.BANs, Jan. 22, 1*44. Five mails are now due from the north. Humors reached us, however, that cotton had advanced in Europe; and straightway it jumped up here half a cent per pound. There is nothing, however, lo justify the wild speculations which have been going on here in that article for the Inst three or four weeks, and they must eventually end in the ruin of pertain houses. An attempt hns been made here to force up the stocks of our rotten bunks, but if. has recoiled upon the wire workers, and you can hardly now give tliein away. Indeed, but little or no confidence can be placed in our banking institutions while they are managed by a set of speculators. The Parish U'ourt lately decided that the Union Bank should return to II. Marigny #(>1,000 which he paid as surety on account of the former cashier, who was jlsmiseed from office, and whose character they ifterwurds attempted to bolster up by a set of non omrnittal resolutions. The losses of this Bunk, >y bad management and lavish expenditure, will probably exceed half her capital. The farce of trying J. B. Perrault, late cashier of the Citizens' Bank, for stealing $5ft,00<\ was conluded the other (lay ; and although the evidence against linn was dear and positive, yet a French iury, who have never been known to send a Creole to the penitentiary, as usual acquitted ltitn. Our Banks have lost more than a million of Hollars by barefaced robbery of its officers, and strange to iny, they have all escaped punishment; and alter a ffiort absence, have, like Perrault, in the most unliltishing manner, returned to the city and defied the laws. Such is the laxity of inoials here that there is no safetyj for either your jierson or your purse. The great suit against T. W. Breedlove and others, of the Atchalalayn Railroad and Banking Co., instituted about two yeaisago, isconsidered aimed , Un.r ..?,t ;r ?e ..... ions ran prevail, it will never be tried. Vet tluwhole capital ol this Hank is entirely sunk. The Improvement Bank, Exchange, Orleans, and Merihants', will not be able to redeem their circulation, ind which must eventually be mode up by further 'ontrihutioua of the stockholders who are indeht d on their stock. Under all thisstatr of thing*, to people bear their losses more meekly and mblUssively. In addition to this, they are pressed town with taxes of alt sorts, arising out of < heavy uty debt, created by the mismanagement o| another set of men, at tlie head of which in the Presilent of the City Bank. The port in crowded with ships, some of which will have to go rh they came, in ballast. Exchange, tin days, on England, at premium; Paris, ft. 10 do; New York, 24 disc.; Boston, 24 do; Baltimore, 24 do; at sight on those cities, 14 diac. Texas notes (tins day) It) cents on the dollar. This is the greatest humbug speculation of the day. Judge Johnson, it is said, will succeed Judge Porter in the Senate of the United Htafes. 11.15. i LP. "we Two Cent*. City Intelligence. Folic* -Kra. 2.?Hill Tmevrs.?This class of rogues ire particularly busy at this season of the year, and scarce l day paaaea that complaint alter complaint i? not praaentk1 at tli#several Police Ollicts. On the 30th ult. tha halt >f the house of Theodore A. Belknap, 100 William a treat, vas entered by aome peraon unknown and clothing, vaue<l at $70, stolen from the premises. Yesterday morning itticer Stephen* met a fellow In C entre street, named Daiid McBride, dressed in a coat that betokened suspicion, alien he arreated him and on examination at the Police it ivas found to lie one taken from the house oi Mr. Belknap, flic rogue was fully committed to answer. Anothk*.?On tho '24th wit. u fellow walked into the tont door of the houae of Tobias Wynkoop, 28 West Washington Place, and before discovered by the family. contrived to escape'with clothing, jewellery, fcc. valued it $32 37. Yesterday officer bmith airested a fellow named John Williams, alias Carr, on suspicion, and on searching his pockets found a pawn ticket containing evidence ol one ot the stolen coats being pledged at Bernstein's ollice, from wheuce it we* recovered. The rogue was fully committed. Coroner'* Office.?Fas. 2 -A Mt'iata sot a Mt'idbh.?The inmates of house 102 Anthony street, wore all arraigned beiore tho Coroner on Thursday evening, charged with beingjaecessory to, or guilty of tho murder of a woman known by the name ol Klizaheth, who had resided in a part of the house, and who was found dead in her bed a short time previous. A full investigation -was made yestcrdry before a jury, during which it was ascertained that (i woman named Bridget Somers stiuck her on the head with u stick the latter part el last week. She immediately afterwards complained of the injury which appeared to increase until she died. Dr. M. Cohlsmith w as called in and made a pa?( mortem examination of het body, hut could nut trace the cause of her death as connected in any manner with,the injury upon her head, hut gave as his opinion from tho appearance of the body that she had diedliom pneumonia. The Coroner's jury, therefore, returned a verdict of "dealh from intemperance.'' Court of Common Plena. Before Judge Inglis. I-'kb. 2.?Dennis Gitlrtpit vs. franco FUit.?This war an action for damages iorfan assault and battery, growing nut of uu auction sale of a cask oi gin. Some difficulty arose between the auctioneer, who is the defendant, and the purchaser, who is the plaintiff, about the number of gallons deficient?the purchaser claiming a deduction of ten gallons, while only four was admitted on the part of tho auctioneer?words lollowed?thc plaintiff changed the defendant with being a swindler, and in return, f?t as moony nose, i no case came up neioiu tur vuuri ( a?e lions, when the defendant pleaded guilty and was fined $6. The Jury in this case .gave the plaintiff a verdict tor $3 and C cents costs. Before Judiro Inrraham. Woomfield Randolph v*. Joteph J. IVrtt?This WM mi action under the lien law. The defendant, Weat, bad contracted with a builder named Garretaon, to put up and lurmsh for him eight brick building* on Third atreet, between the avenue* A and 11, lor the aum of $8786. to hn paid aa the work progressed to the sat it faction of Weat ? l'he plaintiff supplied Garretaon with brick, itc. and the jioney not being fortlicoming, bi',?ervwi on the Slat Octojer, according to the ttatute, a lien notice, claiming from .lie defendant the aum ol $1136 17 rent* out of thn monies lue or fulling due to Garretaon under the contract, but the leleudant refusing, this action i* brought to recover. Tbn lefence set up waa, that there rvaa no monies due to Gar-etsou at the time or subsequently to thn service of the lotion by the plaintiff, inasmuch, as on the 90th of Octo? l>er GarriUon had, liy his written notice, ceased to be thn contractor, and had directed Weat to finish the buildings in the best way he could. Further, the receipt* of Oarrilson up to the dale of hie relinquishment, were putin evidence, showing that he had actually received from tha lel'endant $H,G3fi, leaving a balance ot but $160 to finish the buildings, whereas it was shown by the builder who finished them, that the coat whs about $ too Thn plaintiff, however, objected to thn receipts as evidence, and took exceptions to iheir admission. He contended that there was a collusion between the defendant and Garretaon, to defeat this suit. The defendant put in evidence a previous lien for $ io.'j, served by a parson named Deems on thn 34th October; and which the statute provides shadl be paid before every other claim. The Court, in charging observed, that, had not the defendant put the contract in evidence and thus virtually admitted its validity, the Court would have charged thn jury that the contract was invalid, inasmuch as it waa signed only by Garretaon. There was no evidence that there was any positive amount due to Garretaon at tha timh of serving the notice. On this point the difficulty arose from the testimony of two of the plaintiff's witnesses, who stated that alxiut the dote ol the service ol the notice, they made enquiries from West as to his indebtedness to GarreUon?when the latter admitted that he was owing (Jurretson about from $900 to $700, hut that as the accounts ... . m^.11 ....... . 1 ' ...in. .......... .. U..1U IIU1 a. , . orders. These admissions, snid the Court, are not entitled to very profit weight unless supported by facts. If the jury believed that the (arts proved u stronger case, they were bound to go by facts and not admissions. The objection raised by the counsel for the plaintiff, that if advances had lieed made by the defendant, beyond what Oarretson waa ntitled to, such advances were not a bar in the eye of lie law to the lien of his client?wus not a sound one. If u nan in good faith advances money to his contractor to noble him faithfully to perform his contract, and ror the honest, fair, ami bona fide uses of tiie contracting parties, anil not for the purport- ot defrauding a lien, then that such advances wcro to hold pood, nn.i to bo accounted to the credit of the. person making such advance. Th? question for the jury to decide was, whether at the time, or subsequent to the service of the notice of lien, there, was anything diie.'or falling due, to f .arret son; if so, then, after deducting the amount of the first lien, they should give a verdict lor the plaint ill. if there was nothing due, then this action could not stand against the defendant, while the claim against Oarretson w ould be nothing abated. The jury, after a short absence, returned a verdict in favor ot the plaintiff for the full amount of his claim, 17 and six cents costs. LUER'S GARDEN. IJOR S A LK?The Block and f utures of the Coafeetioaafy " Store, to Bowery, fitted up in the feat of sfy'c, with every lliing ro plne for earn ing oil the busiue.i?? first rate Oven, three Kumacss, ram. Mar Me*, ice. complete. Also, a nestly fitted up Saloon, attaehid to the store, and for. iiished complete. Also, a most beautiful Oarden, fitted 111 the best style, indigently Urge to accommodate two or lines hundred people. I lie whole has I ecu fitted up at a great espouse, and in the best if style?will he sold st ? *re?t sacrifice, as the owner has it her huaincs and cannot at'end to it? together with a Lease of the Piemises. K.uquire as above. fl 1st*in H. LT/'EH, Proprietor. NOTlCK?An application will he made, at the present Session of the Legislature of the State of New York,'or the incorporation of a be,.evident Society in the city and c unty of New V ork, to be called "The Noah Association of the Pons of Uenevolence. j?6 Itswtw c UILLS ANU STKKL PRNS.-iooimwi Qnilla aelling off at iery low prices; dialers and consumers ? onld do well 10 call before purchasing elsewhere. Also a large assortment of Steel Pens, manufactured by Perry, (iillort and Mitchell, all of which will b?sold setv low,either wholesale or retail, as the subscriber wishes rn leave the liiismesa this sprout A. Mi K K At IINIK, Quill Manufacturer, fel lrn*m S59 Pearl street. Mil*. (JAHKOLL S Old tatatdiihed* Medicated Vaoor Da; lis, 2.5 C.oorllandt street, lias been tor upwards of It y.nrs used with much success in sudden colds, coughs, shell mutism, chronic di?eas-s of the liver, dyspepsia, ague and fever, in/lncn/a, croup, broncliitia, swelling of the glands, ery sipelss, scarb t IV ver. See. Hulphnr Vapor Baths can be hail at alt times by giving an hoar's notice. In addition to the nfnve, Mrs. is prepared to administer Iodine, or any oth'r aub'im ing bath th* ease may rv<|uirs?. It is is it idea falsely entertained hy rranv, that there is d inger of tali ing cold after the use of H Vapor Bath : the effect, however, is rontntTy it properly administered. aa hnndrids ofour cinsens can testify Open from r. o'clock in the morning rill <> o'clock at nlgt.t. rort*h<e Vapor Usi Ire sent to any part of the city or Btooklyu Bathing Tuba for hire. jSl Imrrc SCOTT'S HAZAAH, rii'.V 8THKET. Numt?r 17, between B mad way and 1' Greenwich HANDH Hi OTT reams Ins meat aiecere thanks to his frirnda and tlie public at larae for the lihe ?l support received since heoprnrd the above honae, and hopes hy the sarnr atrici attention P> merit a continuance tts?tenf. ugThe'jiralitiee of his Ales, Winra, Liquors and Cigars, ale A larre aaaortment of Rrfreahmenta to bo had nt all honra aiiiiI 12.it iiiitht. iiirli ai? Bral St?ak?, Poached Ebb?, Bardinea Motion < hopa Cold Ham. Bnckwheat Cakea Fried Kidneva, ('old I'lirnM D?f, ''offer and Tea, Mini and Km, rickled Tonturn, Welah Rarehita.kc. Uul> in llrowu-atoot alwaya on draught. A Bond Dinner ot Roaat 01 Boiled Meat a for one ahillirg errry day from one to thtee o'cloco. bain lira aopplied with the beat Scotch and Iriah Whiaker No h< tiia liattar aupplied with E, ngliah, liuh. hcotah, Wrlih and aity Papcra. Alwaya the laifat pontile tinea ky the Str?tne-i. (iood Hoaina foi I'm ate I'artiaa, Clnba, Mccfigga and /la fereo< ea. I? tm'cc FAHM F()R Fi\ LK. THE WKU.KNOWSKMIM bclomintto Aaron and A Harah On (Tin, titvated in fha toarn ot llarriaon, Wcatcheatcr County, containing laO aetea w II divided into plough, meadow and umber lauda, with good orchard, and a variety of other binda of fruit, moatly a aftrd. comfortable Wuildinga, with a floe riaw of Long lal'iid Hnnnd, about three aid a half mi lea from Port cheater. on the I'urchiaa Ufad, three in ilea from White I'latna and half.i mile from the Poat Office, whire a mail arrirea duly Irutn the city of New York. Further deaeriptten ta deemed itnneecaaarY, ae peruana wialiiua to |iurchaae will no doubt viatt the aaine Said Farm, if not aolil at private aate by the Alh of Id inoatb (February ) near, will rlien be aold ta the hirlieat bidder, on the premiaea. between the houra of 1 and d o'clock. Title indtaputable. and half ol tfi- pnrrhaae money can remain on bond tail mortgage at 6 |#r cent per annum, for j yeara. Forfartber information. apply to Aaron Griffia on lite premiaea, Solomon < in thn ltd Monroe atrart. New York, Underbill itl'o., Milkmen, Wallabont, Brooklyn, or io kiuhAhi) m. unrwrhill. j29tofeb7*m Voihtown. Weatcheeter Co. ~ KK E NCH CHINA. No. 4 SOUTH WILLIAM STREET, Up Sum. AUALUSMK, Importer and Agent for Manafactorara, haa alwave on hand a large aaanrtment for dinner and ten eeta in plain white and gilt French Porcelain, na well aa dinner and leaaeitplaiea.ol all aiwa, aiaorted diahea, aoup tureena, eovered dnhea.aalad bowla. irnit baaketa, cnaurda and alanda. Alan, Tea and Chocolate Wafe,^(Jreek, French ard American ahape. All lha artielen am warranted of the bent quality, and to be ?|d on liheeal feevna. and in lota to anit nnrehaaere a*7 lo'e OKA' OKI lilt:. ' < ' M.? $5.?'uwr ton tr broken, e*a' a <ud Urge atoye. Conanmera may rely on getting the heat He.l Aah I oal at rite above price, well aere?ned. weighed by a ritv weigher, and deliver! d from the yard corner o| King and (Iraanwich it*. PUT EH CMNTON i ">? 9m - ? iM)K A, t| JAM"~K HMAIDS. NURSE A, HEAMU Si MESSES, mil (Jiils for hnuariaprfc. Alao, coarhman I roama, milrn, lairtara, machnnii-a. and man for any anaploy matit, with unaacajitinnabla racnmmandatioua for lioaaaty, in duatry, a.ibnaty, fcr at HENDERSON'S Oridnal Tamraranr* Oflica, 77 Naaaaa atraat, n??r John wawt. Ilalaranrra?Hen M. Van Buran, Hon. B. I". Butler, Ray. K. M.Jnhnaon. ilrciof. N B ?Tnrma-Animal aubaaribmoM dollar, ijuartrrly fifty