Newspaper of The New York Herald, July 22, 1846, Page 1

?!? i L .Mil, th: Vol. xn, No. ?0;4-Wbol? Wo. *4*3. ARRIVAL OV THE M0N8TER STEAM 8HIP GREAT BRITAIN. HER MAQNIFIOENT 8U00E88 AM AM OOBAN ITBAKUL THHES DAT* LATER FROM EUROPE. THE MEXICAN WAR IN EUROPE. ITS EFFECT IN ENGLAND. AFFAIRS IN FRANCE. The Folioy tf the New English Hialfltry. PROGRESS OF REPUBLICANS U EUROPE. Th? Ingllab and French Gropa. Firmness in the Cotton Darket Ac, it. 4c. The monitor steamer, the Great Britain, Capt Hosken, arrived off Sandy Hook on Monday night, and came up to the oity early yesterday morning, in fine ityle, allowing off her beautiful points to the admiration of every one. She left Liverpool en the 7th inst., in the evening, and has, therefore, made a remarkably quick passage across the Atlantic. To show har speed and capacity, we give the following:? Panaage of Use Great Britain Paaeed th? Coburg Dock Gatea at 9 o'clock ia the craning, of tha 7th inst, from noon on the 8th to naon on tha th, made 290 milei. sails set part of the time only, the remainder of tha paaeage wind westerly, or io light ss to be of do uie, at tfcnea strong from tha weatward. The last week almost continuous thick foes, obliged to sound and go slow daring that time ; reached Sandy Hook at 14. midnight, of the Wth, making the paiaage in 13 days 8 hoar*, running ti*e, and deducting about IS houri for atoppages, leaves 1* days 11 hours, the bast passage on record to New York; tha Great Western's shortest Doing 14 days IS koura, ranning time. The intelligence from London and Liverpool is ef the same date?the 7th inst. The Cotton MaJkat was firm. The new Ministry had been sworn into office. Several of its members had beon " threatened with opposition." There appeared to be a giowing confidunse in English Seeurities in the London Money Market. Mexican Bonds kad declined. The packet ship Cambridge, henco, arrived at Liverpool on the 6th inst. The packet ship Quebec, hence, had reached Plymouth and landed her news. W? read in a letter from Haarut, ol' the 30th ultimo " Prinaa Henry of the Netherlands set out) for Flushing two days ago, whera his royal highness will assume the command ?if the squadron destined for ike Mediterranean. This squadron is eonipMed of the Prince d'Oramge frignte, the Sdinhre frigate and the Juno corvette The Ja soa frigate, the Echo briand the* Adder shooner are to proceed to New York, and afterwards to Mexico. The King sets out to-day to inspect the s-pmrfron, wkich is to sail on the 1st of July. The Duk?* of Nassau arrived here list night by railroad." The Cobden testimonial, on Saturday, was ?23,000. There is no doubt lb at the ?100,000 will be raised. Lord Brougham declares his intention of opposing the new administration to die utmost of nis power. The Coumer dt U Oirondt, published in the claret district, announces thaut the vines have flowered well, and that appearances evidence a moderate crop of grapes of excellent quality.? They are likely to be ripe very early It is reported thnt the Emnetors of Russia and Austria, and the King of Prussia will meet at Vienna in the month of September. Twenty years si?ce this would have been an ominous meeting, now it is of no importance. Henry Norman, the 8elf?c<>used murderer, has bsen sentenced to a year's imprisonment with hard labor ; the sentence of seven years banishment was rescinded. Skaao* amd tu Chop*.?We have little further to add to the gratifying report which appeared on this subject in our last publication. From all quarters of these Kingdoms, the accounts are of a pleasing and satisfactory character. Wheat promises to be early and abundant. Oats, rye, and barley look well, and are equally encouraging, the former having nearly recovered from the effect* of iho late drought, by the copious rains which have fallen during the last week or two. As we mentioned ia our last paper, there is not any further intelligence respecting the failure ot the potato crop; partial failure*, it is true, have taken place, but we believe we are warranted in asserting-that there is just reason to expect, durin? 'he next season, a plentiful supply of this mo->t valuable and necessary escftlent.?Liverpool Timet, July 7. Ikon Tkadb.?During the past and the present momh the iron trade has been very firm in Staffordshire, and prices have remained nearly the same as they were it^ May. Welsh is a shade lower; but ?3 for bara, at the shipping ports,may be considered as the lowest prioe. As there has been a redaction of 81. to it. on-the price of Scotch pig, large sales have been effected fit 67s. 6drlor mixed aumbers. On the 29th trtf. 30,000 tons of railway bara at ?9 10s, and 9,000 tons of chains at ?7, were sold by three Staffordshire houses to a railway compnay in their vicinity. Swedish iron and steel continue dull; some sales of the former article were made in June. A Birmingham correspondent writes to us as follows: When the affirmation railway meetings were commenced, we considered that, from the number of projects affirmed, and other circumstances a further advance of prices of iron was likely to take place at the ironmasters' quarterly meeting, to be held at Walsall on Tuesday, July 7. This prediction is about to I e realised._ A preliminary meeting of the South Staffordshire masters hHS just been hfld. at which it was resolved tiot only to maintain present prices, but to propose an advanoe of about a pound a ton on the maximum rates. This resolution has not been unanimously adopted, and there is some reason to believe that the meeting on Tuesday may feel disposed rather to adopt a medium advance of about5s. a ton. Since the settlement of the Oregon question, and with a prospeotof the American taritf being modified, extensive orders are expected^ but those best acquainted with the iron trad e in the States do not calculate much in this quarter. The chief cause of the demand is in the tact that the stocks on hand are extremely short, and that there is now 11 ^urtninty that the demand for railway iron for th*4nt two years, at least, considerably exceed the means ofsupply?Liverpool 1 imtt,July 7. America* Btrrr*E.?Among the late importations of articles of food which have taken place j.^n. importations 01 miliar may be a?p?Cially mentioned : one in the Great Britain steamship of 2()6 packages, the produce of the State*; ai.d the other by ttie Iiory O'More, Irom Montreal, ot 127 package*, tha produce of Canada. Tn? IIarvist i* Fiakck ?A great many field* of barley have been already cut down in the environ# of Paris. The crop is not heavy in the ear, nnd the straw ia very short, as was 10 be expected Irom the long drought, but the quantity of grain appear* to be equal to what is eallca an average crop. The late rains have had *o beneficial an enact upon the artificial gra*se* that they ware in full flower, and quite ready for tha scythe. It i* vary rare for tha aeaond crop to ba fit lor mowing *o aarly in July. If tha weather ahould ba fkvoraWa tha third crop will ba fit to f gut In August. E NE1 NET I The New Kngllih Ministry. thi cabinet. Firit Lord of the Treasury Lord J. Russell. Lord Chancellor .Lord Cottenham. Vresident of the Council Marquis of Lanadowne. Lord Privy Seal Karl of Minto. Seer, for the Home Department. .Sir Oeorge Orer. Seer, far the Foreign Depart Vim-our' ilinenton. Seer. f?r the Colonies.... . Earl Ore v. Chancellor of the F.xchei . .Mr. Charles Wood. Chan, of the D of Lane . ...Loil < ampbcll Paymaster Oeneral. . .... Mr. Macaulay. Woods and Porests. . . Viscount Morpc:h Pestmaster-General Maiquis Clanricarde. Board of Trade F.arl of Clxrendon Board of i ol Sir John Hohhouse. Chief S< jry for Ireland Mr. Lnbouchere. Ad* Ity "... .Earl of Auckland. 8* at-\Var Hon. Fox Mania. hot or the csmnr.t. I. ( Ireland Earl of Be<borough C? n-Chief. Duke of Wellington M Ordnance Marquis of Anglesey. Mi nt Rt Hon R L. ShoiL 8ecr. I of Admiralty.. .O II. Ward, Atton.. Sir Thomas Wilde. Oneoftbei. - of the Treasury..Lord ILbrington Under Sec.?Home Depai ties*.. .Sir Wm. Somerville. Under Sec.?Foreign Affaire Rt. Hon E J Stanley Lord Advocate Mr. A. Rutherford. Solicitor-Oeneralfor Sootland. . ..Mr. T. Maitland. V. Pre*, ofthe Board of Trade. . . .Mr. M. Gibson. Solicitor Oeneral Mr. J. Jervia. Judge Advocate Charles Buller. Lord of Admiralty . .Admiral D. Dundas. I " " " Capt. Hon F. Berkeley, i mod. W. c;owper. I Joint 8ec'y of Treasury Mr J. Parker. 1 Mr H. Tufl'nell. Sec. of the Board of Control Rt. Hon O 8 Byng. Mr T. Wjk Clerk to the Board of Ordnance. .Hon. Col. G. Anton. 8ur. to the Board of Ordnance. . .Colonel C Fox. Sec. to the Board of Ordnance. . .Lord Clarenco Paget. I_lJnder Secretary for Ireland Mr. Redington. "voder Soc. Colonial Department..Mr. llawei. ? TMI UOl'KHOLK. Maiter of the Horae Duke of Norfolk. Lord Chamberlain Earl Spenoer. Lord High Steward Earl Fortescue. MUtress of the Robei Duchess of Sutherland. The Pollejr of the Ifew Ministry. Oeiitleks!* :?The adminiitration of Sir Robert Peel having been diaaolved, her Majesty hi a been pleased to eonfer upon me the office of First Lord of the Treasury: ray ?eat in Parliament haa, therefore, become vacant, and ii again at your disposal. When you did me the honor to aak me to represent you, 1 consented to become a candidate, not merely or chiefly because the distinction of repreeeaUtg the City of London waa a just object of ambition, but because I wished to obtain for the principles of commercial freedom the aanctien of your appiybation. Although 1 was elected by a very small majority, and the elections of 1841 were adverae to my hopes, and fa vorable to the doctrines of protection, every year-that has since elapaed haa ?itnessed some relaxation of re- ] striction, and some advance towards the establishment of j uiu pi iiH/ipia ivi w uiv.u a vviuc/iucu. KLnaliy, we have thia year *een Sir Robert reel propose and carry a measure for a total repeal of the duties upon foreign corn. t You may be ataured that I ahull not deiert, in office, ? the principle* to fkich I adhered when they were let* c favorably received I cannot, indeed, claim the merit I either of having carried measure* of free trad! a* a Mini*- t ter, or of having *o prepared the public miml by any a exertion* of mine a* to convert what would have been c an impracticable attempt into certain victory. To c others belong those distinction*. But I have endeavored r to d? my part in this great work according to my means and convictions ; first, by proposing a temperate rclsxa g tion of the Corn-laws, and afterwards, when that measure s had been repeatedly rejected, by declaring in favor of v total repeal, and using any influence I could exert to i prevent the continuance of the struggle for an object not c worth the cost of a conflict. c I trust that the measures of commercial freedom which atiU remain to be accomplished will not occasion the renewal of angry conflict. The government of this country ought to beholi with an impartial eye, the various , portions of the coAnunitjr engaged in agriculture, in ) manufacture*, and in commerce. The feeling that any * one of them is treated with injustice provoke* ill-will, * disturb* legislation, and divert* attention from many use fa 1 and neceeeary "reforms. Ortat tocinl improvemen tl are required ; public iducatitn it lamentably im- 1 perfect : the ??? (#:y condition of our townt and villaget hat been grouty neglected ; the mdninittration of our " coloniet demandt the mott tat neit and deliberate atlen- * tion. Our recent ditcuttiont have laid bare the mieeiy, the dhcontent, and outrage* of Ireland; they are too ? clearly authenticated to hr denied, tot externtwe to be treat- * ed by tny but the mott comprrheneivt meaturet Should yo" again elect me your mtmber, it tclll be my P duly to ctntidtrfUl thtit important matteert in cot junc- J! (ten with thote ienom htr mujetty hat bttn pleated to c<m J; to htr ctuncilt. At th* nr*i?nt n)AHI?nt tn* fnHliar aenl*aaii<tn r%4 mw view* would be unauthoriaud and imperfect. I have the " honor to b? your moit faithful and obedient ?ervant, 1 J. Rumkll. _ n The Mexican War In Europe?The Media* * Hon of Knglaiid. * n [From the London Timet, July A ] ,v We hare at length received the Mexican account* of the lata eoUiiion with the American force* on the Rio Orande, and it i* ?atl>factory to find that no attempt ha* been made to diaffuiae from the peop'e of Mexico the fact Q th?t they have *u?tained a (evere defeat, and that their . armie* are wholly unable to carry on the w?r with any hope of mcce** The blockade of Tampico, Vera Cruz, ami the other Atlantic port*, appear* to have been conducted with due consideration to neutral interest* by the American Commodore Conner, and to be inpported by a afBcient fore*. ? ? ? j,-or t(,e protection of , Brltiih Intereit* in the Gulf of Mexico the F.ndymion MKate and the Alarm have been ordered down from Ber- [J mnda. Commodore Pring will probably be able to in- _ crease the ?quadron from Jamaica where he hoiit* hi* broad pennant on the Imaum ; and the Albion ha* been ent out. we believe, frem thi* country. In the Pacific, the BritUh and American iquadron* were ho'h at Mazatlati ; but no newa haa yet arrived of anv 0|>e ration* on the weatern coast. We truat, however, that without any tnrther elThalon of blood, and without a prolotgation of thote rlaka which are inseparable from active ho?tilitie?, we may look forward to the termination of thi* deplorable 'true, it car.net be doubted that the extreme repufnanre of itta n n ---- - -- --- uuTflmment to come 10 ierm? wiin the United 8tatee upon the (abject of the boundary of . Texas, and the pertineclty with which these delicate questions have been kept open until they hare led to pe- _ aitive hostilities, are attributable in great part to a vague . expectation that the diflerencee between KnflanJ and the United State* would eventually secure to Mexico a nowerful diversion, if not a powerful ally. The intelligence J of the lettlement of the Oregon queation, and the happy removal of the lait of thoee lulijecta of diacuasion which have for so many yeara endangered the amicable relations of the American and Britiih government!, w.ll, therefore, probably produce aa much effect u|>on the preient heads of the Mexican republic a* the newt of another ; victory gained by the Yankee rifles on the banka of the I Rio Orande. We lincerely tr.mt that the influence of ** . the pacific termination'of our own controveray will be Ol ; felt in the speedy restoration of ?>e*ce between exico it i and the United States; and at th i time the m'diation of w | britiih agenti hoi bren offrrri uufA p-euliar propriety. to n | complete brtween other fitntei the triumph of that policy p ; u-kirh hat been to meetiifulty maintained Ay our own go ^ ; rrrvmmt. Throughout the i exan question, the ili-tim- 1 : ed deia^A and ridiculous scruples ol the Mexican go, vornmcnt, have invariably led to a condition of thii gs a C( step worte than that a-hich had preceited it * From Santa *t Anna to Paredea, not one of the vlexican rulers haa been ta disposed either to make the ben of the past or to provide n for the future. They were for ever protesting aganut rt former IqJurM* and oalaraitiea, whilst soma greater tnia- ^ fortune waa etealing upon then. They might, by re cop f niwing the independence af Trxal, on en tain renditions, f * created a barrier, Jor tome contidtrable Mast mt halt 'c between themielrei and thoir northern ntigkbore. They " might, by adopting an enlightened system of comm?r Ol H w ro N YORK, WE1)NESDA\ THE MONSTER STEAK g3==f j , Xt ff- / '"j/MK/'j I ikkiuKSm ZUr.HBR NSW RIO _i 1 rvt^l <- *> iiftal.l ~f -1 V.;?y^?f>.l ^ M< <.?-.-> >w. .> tU~ ?. ..? . raditioni of old Spain, have established relations of TUch nagnitude and importance with the trading and mariime power* of Kuropc, that the independence and irosj>?rity of Moxice would have found defender* n every State on athia side the Atlautic. Dut their, -fused to recognise the independence of Texas unit annexation had translerred the quarrel from a revolted province to an ambitious nation; and yiey have :>erse\ ered in the abuses of their internal administration .0 such an extent, that the allegiance of those classes vho have any thing to lose or gain has been not a little ilfected by the consideration ol the increased value ami lecurity of property when it exists under the control ind protection of a regular and enlightened government rhe land-owners of .Mexico, occupying a soil rich in tho >recinus metuls and adapted for every specie* of cultirution, are beggars The church lands include onelixth of the whole suifare of the country; and the whole region is of far less value to its present possesion hanit was to that ingenious and unfortunate people who irere fated to fall beneath the sword of Cortes Howsrer galling may be the superiority ol the Anglo-Ame'ican race to the degenerate descendants of the Spaniard md tho native Mexican, and however monstrous the iretenccs under which acta of violent aggression or corert hostility have been maskod, it ia impossible to loubt that a people will fall a piey to any conqueror rather than rot in the viccs of its own political and social condition, until its cities ara depopulated and its fiolds ibandoned. If, therefore, it be possible that the mediaion of England should he exerted with any effect, not inly to restore poace at this time between tho United Slates and Mexico, but to remove tho causes ot uturo discord and the pretext! of future aggression, t can only be by endeavoring to encourage tho Mexican government to undertake, with rather more vigor and ntelligence than it has yet displayed, the task of goviroing the country. Hritith interests, arising out v) the MfX'can loam itcured upon the toil of tome of the proliners, are directly inralvei in thete quettiom ; anil that ecui ity it ptrJ'Clly illutory if we are not prepared to alert the c laimtwhich trill at no diitant period accrue sniff it We do not belicvo that the United States' governnent will be disposed to prolong so unequal a contest as hat which has recently begun on the Rio Urande, if Mexiio can be brought to terms, which lier interest an 1 her >olitical position command her to accept. Kor Mr. Polk's >urpo?es a little war ia very preferable to a great one; inn military giory on a grander scale, msieadot casting r.lat upon nil own presidency, would render inconveniintly prominent the claim* and expectations of his suelesser Jit it it, tee are much mittakm if thit Mexican car doet not determine the next election for the tujiremc nagittracy of the United Statet in favor of a military anihdate , for in America, as well ns elsewhere, the first aipulseof a democracy is to throw itself at the feet of a luccessful soldier; and the names of General Taylor ind General Scott aro already celebrated in the most leroic strains. The prosecution of the war would at mce impose great burdens on the federal government, vhich is bound to provide the means of carrying it on, ind it would place a formidable amount of power and >opularjty within the grasp of the otflcers in command of he arm);. Mr. Folic has, therefore, a double interest in erminating the contest by a speedy peace, If that can be Stained ; and the sincere co-operation and influence of England will not, we are persuaded, be wanting to assist n efleeting so desirable an object. [From the London Herald, July 7 ] The accounts from the United States, one day later, iy the Quebec ami London line of packet-ships, are conidered to give an earnest that the hostilities with Mexio will be of brief duratioa It ia presumed that Mr. 'oik will most readily avail himself of our oiler of mediaion. On the other hand, the reverse which the Mexican rms have met with at the outset on the Rio Grande, is :on>idered likely to depose tho de facto government to omu to terms, through the same medium, much more eadily than they would have done in the flrst instance. The view entertained on Mexican affairs may be gathered from the fact that the Active I)un<ls were last old at 27, ami the Deferred at l&j. The tact is, that inder existing circumstances there was no expectation ndulged that there would be any lemittance on account if the dividends by this mail, and hence thoro is no perceptible difference in the price of the bonds. The Oregon (juration. [From the London Herald, July 6.] The intelligence from America, which wo published n the whole of our impression of Saturday, adds little to he information already in tho hands of the readers of he Herald An extract from tho New York Herald, of he 16th of June, gives us to understand that tho new reaty is on its way to be signed, ami further declares liat the free navigation of the Columbia is only couceed pending the existenco of the Hudson's Day Compaq's charier. If this version of the treaty be corrcct and it substantially agrees with the general impression list prevails on the subject in F rance) the last act of the nnl i t ion 1 Til* wna lilta Av*rv /Ittrinir ts whole tenor?characterise'! by a gross attempt at deration. Sir R Peel, in words a* plain as he could erailor, declared that the free navigation of the Columbia iad been conceded to England. What shall we say of he nan who could make this declaration, knowing at ha time that the ceiaion in question wa? only during the arm of the Hudson's Bay Company's charter, which aust expire in about 17 yean, and which is, by the proisions of the treaty, it "seems, incapable of renewal?? Vus thil adjustment of the dispute worthy of being jade the subject of auch glowing self-gratulation as wan kiln eased in parliament on this day week? Why, if we niatake not, theae are the very elornenta of the proposal rhicli Mr. Pakenham, with lar more of English spirit lian hit superior, indignantly rejected. Had, indued, hat ill-treated gentleman been solely entrusted with the harge of the liegociationi. a different result might be eaaonahly expected. Mr. Pakenham, if we may judge t hii character by hii conduct, would hare been likely } regard hia orders aa did the shade of the admiral: " O'*, that in the rolling ocean I had cast them with disdain, And obe>ed my heart's warm motion, To have quelled the pride of Spain." lS the matter bow sUnds, England is in the degrading osiiion uf having been induced, by dint of mcnace* and 1.later, to accept terms which hare been thrice rejected -nay, terms lent favorable than those which have beei? Iready thrice offered and thrice rejected. But the proeedinga are juvt what might be expected from the liaerable cowardice ol the late government. Mr. Polk !ormed and threatened, and foro*d Sir R Peel into aceptiug his terms; in like manner Mr. Cobden agitated n I threatened to bold the Minister responsible, and the linijter accordingly yielded; and is now one of Mr. obden's most enthusiastic admirers. Soon, no doubt, ball we hear of Mr. Polk's iriesistible appeals to reason, il his pure and difinterasted motives. The same journal informs us that the English Minister as given a pledge that no assistance whatever shall be indcred to Mexico, so that England ia to behold, un loved, the autopsy ef that unhappy country. Thin the nprovident bargain we have made muit tie bought at le price of national disgrace. We have assumed that io Now York journal i* correct, but we have not j et jne with the matter. Thn blockade of Vera Unix is roceeding, undistinguished by any remarkable incident large naval force 11 mustering in the bay, but for what urpose does not very oiearly appear. Joseph Mortimer, thf. Bihamist ?Tliis infamrullian w.ti put upon In* ti ml fit the Cent ml ritnirml Court, on the 26ih talc, on two clwges I bigamy, and out; of larceny, the latter consistig ot hii fraud on and tlielt froin Mrs Loyer, rln>in he h id uifered to marry in tue character of New York merchant, with an income of j?7iX) or annum. Tho prisoner, who wan most uidei'agable in giving every annoyance lie posotbly Juki do to the Court and tlw witnesses iri the juriieofihe inquiry, was ljund guilty on etich iniClinont. Un tnat tor larceny h was se teneed i seven year*' transportation. On Monday, the itlian was further sentenced to transportation for :ven years on each of the two indictments for igamy, the one period to commence at tho eipiition of the other. As, however, the sentence ir larceny wilt commence and expire with the rst sentenco for bigamy, this is equivalent to nlif fnnrtrtAn Vf??ra fran?rM??i?Un , ?RK 1 r MORNING, JULY 22, 1 [SHIP GREAT BRITAIN. ? -'"-W- J,"*'.: * * "~ ~~ ~ ~~=" ' JUm^^ ,y "^-V-' F^*^*? *""' 'i'tK' \sQfir i l/Mli'lffl^Bi^Mtvwl^^ or rxvfl masts. Aapect of Affairs In France. [From the London Times, July 6.] Our French contemporaries have been (truck in different way i, according to their respective opinious and expectations, by the contrast between tho remarkable events which have recently occurred in tho political sphere of this country and the aspect of ailairs in France, at the close of tho present session of the Chamber* and on the eve of a general election. A greater contrast has seldom been exhibited, even by these two great countries, between which contrasts are so apt to abound. In England we have seen a conservative party divided and dissipated by the resolution of its chief, bent 011 a great and perilous undertaking, which he could not accoinplish without the lossolottice, and which none, perhaps, but himself could have accomplished at all without a serious disturbance of the institutions of tho conutry ? In France the conservative party l.a-i beon consolidated by inaction, and strengthened by repose. Its own existence and the maintenance of the administration to which it is bound by ties of mutual advantage, are t lie only great facts which give it any claim to tho conside?i;nn ,<f (ho }..>,!.. I,. L' 1 r.., i ,. M .... I sacrificed hi* party for the sake of letting at rest a great miestion which has long agitated the country, and for the glory of inaugurating iu the legislation of one of the first commercial natio.ia of the eirth. principles which had Kradually worked their way from the study of the philosopher to the huttings of the League, until their triumph was completed In the councils of the Sovereign and estates of the realm In France, the covenant botween the Minister and his supporters has been religiously obsorved ; the pledge to do nothing baa been faithfully kept; the session has past without the smallest aggression on the prejudices of the majority or the least sacrifice of the interests of the governing class ; and accordingly the Ministerial tenor of ottice was never mora secure. In all matters not immediately within the cognizance of the Chamber of Deputies or foreign to the interests of ita members, we have often had occasion to remark the activity of the French Minister for Foreign .Affairs But these points are, it must be confessed, comparatively few in number and of the moat minute importance : on all others tne habitual pulley of the French Cabinet is rather stagnant than active, rather stationary than progressive. ltt nnjority in the Chamber it itrong, hut it is itront; on condition that it never usrt its tf rrngi/i for any other purpott than to cruth an intemperate and inconvenient apposition It* first object is quiescence, and as that state of repose implies security to the Ministers and pros|>erily to the country, this policy is perhaps more conducive to the chicf interests of France than a more enterprizing and innovating system of government, it is not easv for us in this country, and in this age, to idace ourselves in the position of a people which has been engaged for half ft century, in the turmoil and the penis of controversies upon the first principles of their social constitution, ari#t umnnirst whirh (Ua nhinnro of m revolution in an incalculable blessing. That specie* ol security which we have enjoyed without the least disturbance for the last century U not yet established in Krance. The present institutions of the country may be excellent, but they aie not old ; the succession to tne throne is still disputed by a Pretender, supported by a wealthy and important class favored by the Church ; the monarchy itself is respected for the talents of the Sovereign quite as much as for the dignity of the institution ; and the permanence of the existing state of things is more or less within tho reach of accident and the changes of life. In a word, the constitutional basis of the country is a well constructed pier, but it is not a rock ; and the fabric Las yet to be tned by the storms which may assail it, and which have shaken other structures, apparently not less strong, to their loundations. These considerations may serve tsmccount for tho comparative inertion of the Krcnch (Government on wh it are to them the minor questions of the day, and the minor duties of their office. We inay remark with surprise the extreme sluggishness of the progress of our neighbors in financial and coritnen-i.il legislation We may deplore the tenacity with which the worst abuses of the protective system are rooted in the Legislature. We may wonder that the Kive per Cents, are reduced, tho Po?t-omre not reformed, tiie tariff' not revised, commercial arrangements with foreign states not encouraged, and that even railroads, until the piesunt year, have been advancing in Krance less rapidly than in Austria. But the answer of a K reach statesman to these objectious would probably be, that, although he does nut contcstthe benefits of these reforms, they cannot be eil'octed in Krance without risking more than even they are worth The Conservative paity in Krance exist* not only for the defence of protected interest* and the maintenance of a particular line of government; it* first duties?and they are not merely general propositions that no one contests, but specific duties to be discharged in dark and evil days?are the defence of the throne, the dynasty, and the constitution it?elf. It is clear that if the conservative party was weakened in Krance by disruption or by a strong diversity of opinion between it* members and its eminent leaders on questions of commercial reform or the like, the rcsl enemies of the government, the anarchical ftfttio.is which ware raging and fighting not ten years ago, in the principal cities of Krance, and ttie party of the revolution, would be encouraged in proportion to the loss of union between their successful adversaries, and would be the better prepared to take advantage of the changes which time must effect in the persons who have so ably directed the course of affairs. The real quettion, therefore, which n?u> preeeet upon the eleclore of Franc*, which will determine their votei, and probably strengthen the contervative majority, t's not to much the icform of an abuit or the correction of a tuboriinale error, ai the primary and imperioui necenity of returning a powerful party to the Chamber, able, if necenary, to carry the government through the dangere of a regency. ? ? ? If, therefore, we have been more active than our neighbors, it is chiefly because we are more secure ; and in proportion to the security and extent of their real powor, we confidently espect that foreign government* will follow in a course which will be (auctioned ere long not only by reason but by experience. The Progress of Hrpubllranlam In Knrope. [Krom tho Pari* Siccle ] Everywhere around u*, except in immovable Austria, who itill imagines herself in the times when material force and diplomat ic duplicity were sufficient to insure conquest*?every where, we say. do the government* as well as the nations ol Kuropo, (how themselves animated by a wise *pirit of amelioration and prog tea*. Kngland. under the conduct of a tory minister, haa just accomplished reforms ot immense magnitude. The frai.ta-uinrb ?f Ih? nl.l ....-flu. ?f 1 1* were resisted, hat beau broken up in order that they might be accomplisned ; and the day following the carrying into effect of such radical change) in the economical orgnm/.ation of Fjngland it i t not a reaotionary government which appear*?it ij unanimously admitted to be impossible ?but it is a whig ministry, that ia to say, a reforming ministry, that takes pos-ession of place, w'i th the mission, proclaimed beforehand, of fortifying the work of Sir Robert Paal, and continuing it in another course, by emancipating unhappy Ireland fr-tjo the tyranniei under which she groans Prussia, in defiance of the lamentable hesitations of her king, and the senseless resistance ot the princes of the royal family, is resolutely advancing towards the liberty which she has been promised, an 1 of wtiich she fully appreciates the value After many delays, she is about to come into possession of a constitution?incomplete, impel tact, fantastical, modelled according to the institutions of tlio mi.Idle ages, and ono which would not nourish upon another soil : but ihe will maintain it in existence by animating it with her spirit. There, were thought reigrx almost absolutely, it will not allow itself to bo thwarted long by the forms or the acts which throw obstacles in its way. Hpain, seduced for a long time past from the paths of her real prosperity by the ingratimde and incapacity of her rulers, i< too proud, nevertheless, to slumber In slavery. Deprived of a constitution, of laws, and even of government, she is still agitating herself once more, in orderto find those guarantees of order and liberty without which modern nations can no longer exist. Italy hss proved, far the l ist thirty j ears, that >.ho is alrynys ready to seal her protests against despotism by har nnbla hlnnd : hut the roverBmenti of that in in the nnd, tram to be weary of thii impioin itruggle j they are beginning to perceive, it it aald, that it ia the foreigner alone who profit* by the eternal diacord* which render thia country?moit magnificently endowed by nature and art?an unfortunate land ; they feel that, in order to eacape from Auitria, who ia inceaaantly puihing toward* them her tubterrarcan invasion*, aud # IERA 846. I in order to prevent the danger of a liberal explosion, wh ich would break out sooner or later, they muat enter into the path of reiorm. Let them do *o with reserve, with timidity, if they will; but let them pause no longer ?let them not allow the lait hope of a generous people to be annihilated by new delays. When the very conclave itself?that ancient senate of cunning and worn-out cardinalj?has made a move, will not the King of Piedmont and the King of Naples perceive that the moment has arrived for giving to their respective states the guarantees demanded by the most enlightened, and, at the same time, the most faithful men I What is necessary in order to precipitate this movement of Europe into a wise nnd necessary course, at the moment when the liberal P*rty is about to take possession of the government of England ??for it must not be foigotten?It British rivalry be always inconvenient to fcYnnna am o?ll u/ith I nrA P.. 1....... I.... n. ...ill. L'?rl of Aberdeen ?thot the whig partv ii nevertheless, by it* tradition*, mora favorable than the toriei te the general emancipation of the people. In thii tiiwel tituatien, then, what ii required ? IPc reply, a geiturr, a sign on Ih r part of Fro nee, which would go to prove that she it itill living ; that the hat not renounced all action, all influence in the ajfairt of the world. We hope that the ulivtornl bodv will mnke it a point of honor to protest against the tort of inertness and stagnation Id which our policy has been allowed to languish . It may have been mistaken in several men who will now deceive it no longor ; but whatever may bo said by these latter, who often reproach the elector* for their own baseness, it is not true that the " legal" country has allowed itself to he almost wholly invaded by corruption ; it is not true that the majority of the colleges is divided between tremblers whoso hearts are half paralyzed, and beggars of places or traffickers in votes. The generous effort that the electors have thrice made to restore purity to the administration of affairs, efficacy to the constitutional guarantees, and dignity to our external relations, attest that the majority of tliem have preserved the sentiment of their duties and their respect for the rights of the country. They will, moreover, have acquired, during the four years that have just elapsed, an experience which, doubtless, will not be lost. The Kngllah Revenue. The official statement of the revenue lor the quarter ending with the 5th ol July, appears in our columns this day. From the returns it would appear that there is a balance of increase on the quarter of 575,59W., though lor the year terminating at the same time there has been a decrease of 1,011,773/. The increase on the quarter is thus accounted for:? mcmcAsc. Customs ?33.843 fcxeise 139,027 Taxes a {.WO Property Tax 9!l,171 Post Office 20,000 Micellaneous 444,349 Over and above the ordinary source* of revenue, it is stated that an increase has occurred nnder iuv uuau ui imprest vnu umur aiuueys, 01 ?4,uii Gross Increase 782,927 From this muit be deducted :? OCCKEAIB. Stamps ?106,ftBl Crown Lands 30,000 136,Ml And in addition to what ii called ordinary revenue, on account of repayment of advances 70,747 ?207,828 Net increase on the quarter ? . ?575,5$K> On thp whole, as far as figures are concerned, and putting the circumstances and the morale of the income tax out of the question, it must be admitted the late ministry quits the fiscal department ofita labors, not only wtth credit, but with eclat. Its performances may he thus stated: Previous to the corn and customs bills just enacted It ha<l remitted more than five millions of taxes, imposing instead thereof an income j tax to about the same amount. Had there been no impreve- { ment in the national prosperity, it is evident that these ( two changes would have neutralized one anothor, and , that the revenue would have remained the same, as also ( its relation to an expenditure which has not undergone any considerable change. Happily, however, there has been a great increase of national prosperity. An annu al deficiency of about two millions has been changed into a surplus of about that amount; and if things go on as at present, we shall, in two or three years, have at least the choice of dispensing with the income tax, or rotaininr it, in order to proceed with the mitigation of the indirect taxes The comparison ol the years ending Jttly ft, 1843 and 1846, will of co irse present different results from a cam parison of the quarters ending at those dates. Both the quarters come under the new tariff of I84d ; whereas the y oar ending July 6, 1845, includes three quarter* antecedent to the ofieration of that tariff*. In the customs, accordingly, the decrease on the year is ?2,118,683, while there is an increase on the quarter amounting to ?23,843. Without the items before us, it is vain to say with any exactness why the increase on the quarter should be so much, or why it should not be more. The former year, it should be remembered, includes a much larger payment for corn than the latter ; while the latter quarter of tho two has been helped within these few days by more than ?400,000 paid on the vast accumulation of corn Just let out of bond. On the other hand, the latter quarter has been affected by the resolution of the Commons, anticipatory of the new customs bill. The reductions under that bill are estimated at rather more than a million ? The loss to the quarter, therefore, would be ?260,000; but tho revAnim of ths niiftrtnp has also h*on hv the uncertainty which (till remained till the actual palling of the customs bill, or courie, there would not he ' to largo an importation as (therwiae, no long as bonda j lor a posaible repayment of duty were required. The increaae in the excise on a comparison of the two ' quitters is ?139,017 Aa the exciae i? the surest gauge , , ol consumption, thia ii the moat gratifying feature in the statement. The comparison, too, ia not much disturbed i by accidental cirrumatances. Both quartera are under the aamu rate of dntiea. The preaent increase, therefore, affords a fair guarantee lor an annual increaae amounting to more than ?800.000. The stamps were laat 1 year raised to aa ununusl amount by the excessive speculatioo of that pirlod. ThJf will account for th? docreaae on the quarter ju?t onded, amounting to ?1O?60I. ' The variations of the income tax are a myatery which J wn will not pretend to explore. It will he enough. ' therefore, to atate the fact that thia quarter baa been more productive than the eorreaponding quarter laat j year, by 171. We havo then a Deui tx maehlna in i tho shape of another, unhappily the laat instalment from t China, to the amount of ?444,349. Thia it is which haa t principally turned the tables, and given us an increaae, < when the uaual revenue threatened a decreaae on the i quarter. London TJuly Q. I Th* Coait Trade Under thi New Law.?The opera- 1 lion of the naw corn law has, thus far, not produced any .... j. .hi u i .i r' iavc> mi CIIW4 u^vii puviva, Hiiuwu^ii, in auuci|iaiiun ?n ? ri*? in the dutv, * large quantity?indeed the bulk?of the itock of foreign grain in hood ha* been released luring the pant week. The milleri generally have been ( out or itock, which ha* contributed to create a preuure ( of demand, and to *u*tain price* When tin* preaiure i* ( over and the demand bc.ome* le*a urgent, it i* probable th-.?t we *hall ?ee a further decline from pre*eut price*, , ilnlesi we ?houl I hare weather unpropitiou* to the grow- ( ing crop*. Considerable difficulty ha* been created at , thu i u*tomhou?c* by a difference amongit the authoritie* | a* to tur WHmtlW of a partion kf the act The wording of tlii* poruon it, that on rye. pea* and bean*, for every quarter a duty equal in amount to the duty pa>ahie 011 a quarter barley *hall he charged. It wa* interpreted at our own cuatom hou?e amongit other*, that the ( intent of tho legislature wax, that to rye. pea* and beam the tcale o) duiie* applicable to barley ihould be u*ad, but duty ahould be regulated by the average price of each article separately. By thl* interpretation of the meaning | of the legi*lature, the duty upon bean* would have been 2*. par quarter, and that *um wa* received at the L'T'rpool Cu*tom hou<a, with a *ecuritr, however, for the payment of any greater amount whiwn might ha charged. j , The duty on Imrley ii 3?. Ail , and the iliflerenca, ther*. ?' Tore, wn li. ?d. The Cuatoma' authoritiea, contrary to the (fftiptnl n * I'oo tatinn of the tm<le, have interpreted the t< woMinu el the act litermllr, and ordered the 3i. 6J duty v to be enforced.?JUvtrpoal Standard, July 7. tj LD. MM Two CtuU, Belgtmm. In the Secret Committee, on the 9l)th uit., the Minister for Foreign Affairs gave a detailed history ol the negotiation!! carried on at several tira?? with the French cabinet, to improve the commercial relations between the two countries. Alter stating the various incident* of th? negotiation*, in particular relative to the Customa Union, the minister communicated a voluminous correspondence between himself and the Belgian negotiator* at Paris, relating exclusively to the preli> minaries of the convention of the ljfih of December. As tor tiie question of the customs, it appears from the explanation given by the minister, that the last attempt was as far back as 1842, when one of the French ministers (M. Hutnann) druw up the outlines ot a treaty which the Belgian negotiators at that time did not think acceptable, because it contained condition! which seemed incompatible with the nationality and constitution of Belgium. Thus, in every thing relative to legislation on the customs, and on treaties to be concluded, Belgium wus to give up it.s right in fare r ol the French Chamber and government. Ptirtngnl. The news from Portugal is still alarming. To the Miguelite pron\Mci*mtul<.? of Monte Aiegre and Villarcal, and the reactionary attempts at Oporto, must be added the Cubmlist rising in Bragunza, which occurred precisely at the mo merit vvnun me Aigarves declared 111 lavor 01 me present government. The Absoluiists ol' Chaves Lave been completely routed. pain. We have received tlm Mndrid journal* of the 27ill of Juno, but like those of tlie few preceding days, they contain little of interest Tlu: Gazetti publishes an order for the division of tbe kingdom into349 electoral districts, preparatory to tbe next elections, the preliminary operations of which, it is said, are to be terminated by the Iftth of October. No -farther accounts had been received Jrom Portugal. Russia. News has been received from the interior, of a tremendous hurricane along the banks of tha Wolga, which destroyed between 100,000 and 150,000 chntwerts of flour, rve, wheat, linseed. Ice., which were destined lorSf. Petersburg. Tha loss is very great. Market*. Lokdok Mo?r Miiikt, Monday Evening, July#.? The statement of the revenue published this morning is regarded in the city as au excellent close to a financial administration. The items of which it consist*, and which show a state of prosperity in spite of a condition of commercial stagnation and of disappointment in productiveness of one ot tho most important article* of r?veuuo, have been too fully commented upon by Tkr. Timet to need recapitulation here. One striking point deserves censideiation, and that is the estimate that Us* than jE800,000 deficiency bills will be required to meet the charge for the July dividends. Tbe sum of ?98,000 set down against the item "Sinking Fund," will do doubt be partly employed in redeeming the bills The English funds continue steady and well suppor. ted, and though the extent of business done to-day was not large, it gave a good tune to the market Consols for money left off this af ernoon at 95\ ex dir ; and for the acccunt, at Exchequer bills have aiivanoed to 13s. to 17s pin., an opinion prevailing that the new Chan cellor of the Exchequer will shortly raise tha rat* of interest. Bank Stock closed at 307 to 308; Three par Cant* Reduced, 9i% to 96; Three-and-a-Quartor per Cants, 97K to Long Annuities, 10 6-lti; and India Stock, 303 to 363. In the foreign market the operations were of the usually circumscribed character. Mexican, notwithstanding the doubtful position in which that republic stands, has not varied in any material degree, the Actives closing this afternoon at 37, and the Deferred at 16X. The other barfains iucluded Austrian, at 110>a j Brazilian, at 84)4 i cuador, at 3*i ; dranada, at 31}? ; the Deferred, at 4V( ; Peruvian, at 3H ; Portuguese Four per Cents, at 48 ex div.j for tbe account, at 47.1, ; Spanish Three per Cents for the account, at 357, ex div.; Dutch Two-aud-a-Half per Cents, at 60 ; and the Four per Cents, at 04)? LivKnroou Cotton Market. July 4.?There hai been an increased demand for Cotton from the trade thia week, and more firmness on the part of holderi, and though the inarkot hai contiued to be fully supplied, rather batter prices have been obtained for the middling qualitiea of American ; the lost quotation* for most other description* have been fully supported. Taken on speculation t.UM American, and for export 2,060 American and 4J0 8urat, and there have been forwarded into the country unsold J3i0 American. 160 Egyptian, and 300 Surat. 3000 8m Island are declared for public aale on Friday nest. July 6th.?A very firm and steady Cotton Markat today ; the sales are fully 7000 bales, at vary extreme prices?1000 of them for speculation and export. IjOndo* Cunt Exchange, July 6?Thia morning's supply of whoat by land carriage samples, from the near counties, being moderate, was sold tolerably freely at the terms of last week. A fair retail business was don* in fine foreign at our quotations, but stale and low qualities could not be disposed of, excepting at a decline of Is. por quarter. Barley and peas are unaltered in value from last Monday. Beans must be written It. dearer. The oat trade is flat, fine qualities command former pricaa ?but hot and inferior are the turn cheaper* Flour meets a retail inquiry at .last week's prices. New carraway sold at 40s. to 42s; and a few extra fine samples at 44a. There were several parcels of new rape seed; but up to the present no price iias been made. LiraarooL Corn Market, Monday, July The import this week shows small supplies of Britiah grain, Flour and Oatmeal. The receipts of Floar and Wheat from abroad, including those from Canada, are again vary liberal, and we have also upwards o( 8000 qra. ol Indian Corn With more favorable weather for the growing crops, holders of Wheat have shown ome desire to press sales and being met by a very moderate demand, a reduction of 3d to 4d per bushel on Tuesday's prices has been acceded to. The principal business has been in American flour, of which a large quantity within the week has been moved forth* interior consumption: the prices have been for prime W. Canal Ms *d to 27a; Philadelphia, 25a: Ohio, 2-U Od, to 20a; and Ca nadian, 26a to 26a per 196 lba ? all aweet. OaU have b*?D much neglected, and, though in small aupply, hart been rathir earner to buy. Oatmeal, too, haa aold alowly, but rood freah quality haa aupported lata value. Barley, beana, and peaa, upon a mere retail demand, bave each rather given way in value. Indian corn haa farther declined la to 2a per quarter, with a vary liai ad aale Du:iea have been paid here, aioce the paaaing of the new corn law to the 'id inatant incluaive, on '260,AM qra of wheat, 096,IBM brl* of flour, 1563 qra of oata, 6903 qra of barley, 9444 qra of be ana, 1307 qra of peaa, and 13,084 qra of Indian corn. Constitutional Convention.?Mr. Bouck presented a memorial on the subject of the Erie canal. the unfiniahed worka, the ratea of toll, the payment of the public worka, lie. Referred. On motion of Mr. Stetaon, all intervening ordera were laid on the table, and the article on the Executive powera and dutiea waa again taken up. The motion to reconaider the vota rejecting Mr.Chatfleld'a amendment, authoriaing the legielature to preacribe the reatrictiona and limitationa under which pardona might be granted by the Executive. Tha vote waa reconsidered, ayea 42, noea 40. The amendment waa debated anew and at length, under the pravioua queation, rejected, ayea Sri, noea 66. On nation of Mr. W. Tay lor, the aection waa amended ao aa to provide that the legialature might preacribe the meaner el applying for pardona Alao, on motion of Mr. Talimedge, tha word " the" waa inaerted before the worda " power ta grant reprievea," lie. Aa amended, tha aection waa adopted. The 6th aection alao, without amendment Mr. O "Conor moved to atrike out the qualiftcationa far Lieut Governor in the 7th aection. Loet, 34 to II, and the aection adopted. Alao, the eighth aection. The ninth aection waa the aubject of aome debate. Mr. Murphy propoaing to modify it ao aa to prohibit tha Oovarii or and Lieutenant Oovernor from holding any office, i' I,?f viHiiA /if Ilia rtffird." in &nv i>Arnnpe(iA? kat (a livcut him of other truata he mig&t hold prior to his lection. Mr. M.'a amendment, after debate, waa loet. Vlr. rbatfield moved to emend ao aa to allow the fio*er wr to hold a " place" in corporation. Carried. Mr iV. Taylor moved to atrike out the whole clauie forbidling the Governor holding any office in a private cerpoation. Carried, 47 to U. The entire lection waa eea rated, at iome length, Mr. Richmond moving to itrike it iuL The Convention rejected the section by a tie vote, A Jo 40 The tenth aactfon, giving the Governor power o remove iheriifk, wi? atrack eat. with a view to ita la ertion in another article. Tha eleventh aection, regulat lng the veto power, waa tha aubjeat of debate daring he residue of the morning, ander a motion by Mr. Chatleld, to re?t?re the majority principle. Racaaa aatii 4 ?. M.?Jilhtmy Jfrgiu, July 94, 4P. M. In the afternoon, the aectioa In regard to tha veto rawer, waa debated at great length. The reault waa tha -eatoration, on motion of Vr. Nicholaa, of the old conitiutional proviaion, requiring two-thirda of thoae preeent o overrule a veto. The vote on thia propoaition atood 13 to SV On the counter propoaition of Mr. Chatfleld, to require a majority of all elected to upeet a veto, the vote itood, ift to 74. The article having been gone through with waa laid aaide. Adjourned ?Albany Common PI mm. Before Judge Ulahoeffer. Jult 91.?John Haily va. Jtrmard De/y.?Thia waa an iction of anaumpait, for work and labor. The ana -.laimed ia M> The plaintiff entered tha eervioe af lefendant on the *th September, 1844, aa a journeymen :ooper, end continued with him until the Nu l?tfTb?ing a period of IW dava, at $1 40 par day. Tha lefence nt ufwaa that the plajnuff waa a brother-in-law >f the defendant ; that he waa taken in by tha defaadant nf lklA i.milr. in<] til to Kit iothlnff hut him xiarL "Verdict for'<lef?ud?nt. Muprilur Court. [Mitmgi in liank J The Court wu?- occupied with law urgtimeaU / torlay. No decision* wpre given. V* M. Dtatrtet Ceart. Before Judge Bett? The Court opened, and immediately after a<)wmi Court CalandaitaThli Day. Commor Plea*.?No*. JJS, 71, 79, 71, 74, 7A, 111, 7? to 00 incluaive. ___________ Hkbioui Arritr in Bo.roit.?A row look piece ia Boean on Hunday evening laat, ia which four or Are oflrert t ere conmderably injured. Tho origin of the aAay wu be attempted reacuo ot a Jruukan tiUhman . fr. th.