Newspaper of The New York Herald, October 6, 1846, Page 1

T II 1 Vol. JUJ, Ho. 140X?Wholo Ho. 4011 OUR RELATION8 WITH MEXICO. SPIRIT OF THE MEXICAN PRESS. The Territory of New Mexico. a He. Ac. Ac. proclamation To tko Inhabitants of X*? ttsxico bp Bntadnr Gtnoral S If' Ktamru. comwsanding (A? troops of tks Umfd St at 11 in |A? !? ? A* by the act of the republic of M moo, a ftate of war exista between that government and the United States, and aa the uudenigned, at the head of hi? troops on the 18th iait, took poaeeaaiou of Santa Fe, the capital of the department of New Mexico, ha now announce* hia intention to hold the department with ita original boundariea (on both aide* of the Del Norte) as a part of the United States, and under the name of the Territory of NewMexico. The undersigned haa come to New Mexico with a atrong military force, and an equally strong one ia following close in his rear. 11a has more troop* than uecaasary to put down any opposition that can possibly be brought against him, and therefore it would be but folly or madness ior any dissatisfied or disoontented persona to think of resisting him. The undersigned has instructions from his government to respect the religious institutions of New Mexico, to protect the property of the church, to cause the worship of those belonging to It to be undisturbed, and their religious rights in the amplest manner preserved to them. Also, to protect the person and propeity of all quiet and peaceable inhabitants within its boundaries, against their enemies, the Eutaws, Navaboea, and others; and while he assures ail that it will be his pleasure as well as his duty to comply with those instructions, he calls upon them to exert themselves in preserving order, in promoting concord, and in maintaining the authority and efficiency of the laws ; and to require of those who have leit their homes and taken up arms against the troops of the United Htatos, to return lerthwlth to them, or else they will be ;ions:jer?u ss eneiu.es >uu uiiwn, euujecung uieir pertons to punishment, and iheir property to leizure and confiscation, for the benefit of the public treasury. It if the wish and Intention of the United States to provide for New Mexico a free government w ith the least possible delay, similar to those in the United States, and the people of New Mexico will then be called on to exercise the rights of freemen in electing their own representatives to the territorial legislature, but until this can be done the laws hitherto in existence will be continued until changed or modified by competent authority, and those persons holding office will continue in the same for the present, provided they will consider themselves g od citizens aua willing to take the oath of allegiance to the United States. The undersigned, hereby absolves all persons residing within the boundary of New Mexico, from further allegiance to the' Republic of Mexico, and hereby claims them as citizens of the United States. Those who remain quiet and peaceable will be considered as good citizens, and receive protection. Those who are found in arms, or instigating others against the United States, will be considered as traitors, and treated accordingly. Don Manual Armijo, the late Governor of this department has fled from it. The undersigned has taken possession of it without firing a gun, or spilling a drop cf blood, in which he most truly rejoices, and for the present will be considered as Governor of the Territory. Given at 8anta Fe, the capital of the Territory of New Mexico, this 33d day of Augtut, 1848, and in the 71st year of the independence of the united States. By the Governor, S. W. KEARNEY, Brig. Gen SPntIT OF THE MEXICAN PKESS. [From the Chihuahua Provisional, July 31.1 A thousand bonds unite Mexico to the Old world, from which modern and European civilization has been communicated to us From it we receive our habits and sympathies as an inheritance. Alike (though not the same) has been the origin of the United States of the north, notwithstanding that there exists between the two republics all the difference which may be found between the vulture and the eagle?between the man who considers human life as a dream, which he desires not to pass under a perpetual night-mare, and him who regards it as u ser ous matter, twice or three times as long as it is considered by the other. Catholioism and Protestantism are exactly personiflod by the Aztec and the Yankee ; the countries which they inhabit complete the picture of the differences. From the soft and benignant climate of the former comes the Azteo, who regards all men as his fellows, and endeavera tu r.nnr.ilifttA them bv nrbanitv. demnr.v am! mo. rnlitjr; while Irom the latter proceeds the brutal North American, a badly-licked bear, who delights in displeaing all, wherever it may be in hit power to offend. The American Baohanie, who, in her religious fury, presides over the oa cap-meeting. and disgusts us by her orgies and extravagances, behold in her the Puritan. The enthusiastic daughter of the Church of Rome, who placidly breathes out her soul at the foot of the altar, and dedicates her whole life te works of piety?such is the Mexican nun. There is no affinity between the Yankee ami the Aztec. The sugar-cane, which flourishes in this climate, is as sweet as the honey of bees ; that of the North is sour. No!?there is no congeniality between us. These sentiments we hold in common with the Old World, and with all the inhabitants of South America. We feel that the Anglo-American is su apostate from the religion of him who sufl'ered on the cross. No, no; those men can never be our political brothers We have natural allies?such are certainly the nations of the southern portion of this hemisphere?such are all men with well organized hearts throughout the world?such are all the Catholic nations of Kurope? such are the true preselytes ol' the Christian church every where, in whatever land the word honor has its trua meaning, and man lovas man, without distinction oi color of the skin, whether rod or black, Indian or African. They are our natural allies?the inhabitants of every country?from the poles te the torrid zone, where the language of truth is spoken. That which was taught us by our fathers is manly and frank. Does this chaiacter belong to that which our neighbors employ towards us 1 No. ne?a thousand times no ; a thousand proofs contradict it. The Americans bave for many ysars called the Califomias Oregon When they speak of sending the aborigines to the west of the Mississippi, read for this; always south of tho river Napeste,into Mexican territory, known to our neighbors by the name of Arkansas. Ne, no; this is not the laniruace which our ances tort taught us. "I come to conquer you," cried Uarri das, on disembaikiDg io 1828 on the shores of Tampico Tay lor occupies Matamoras. For what did ho come there??to establish the federal systoat among us.' The man with the least degree of penetration, who reflects carefully on what is here said, will see what has been the ever increasing desire, and the basis of tho poller observed to the present day towards us by the United -States ol the north, in order to wean Mexico from all sympathies and olfactions towards Europe. We polish rather than allow tha latter to resume her dominion over us. We will say no, and tliia will suffice; for we are neither Hindoos nor Alger ines; our lethargy is not w the sleep of death, and the future will show it "Turning our eyes to the north, where the inhabitants call us brothers, and offer us their sympathies. Great God! whom are we to call brothers ! Ah ! no. We are content with marking our cattle with red hot irons. I'ursed be they, who apply them to human beings." GENERAL KEARNEY. [From the Washington Ucion, Oct 3 ] We should feel ourselves much indebted to any gentleman, who has the necessary materials at hand, to furnish us with a biographical sketch of this exceileut officer. The last achievement which he has performed ii alone sufficient to ttamp hie name upon the history of bis country. He has conquered one ot the most important provinces of Mexico. It is an intermediate link in the chain of commercial communication between Calilornia and the United States. Caravans alieady travel ycarly from one to tha other?and, besides, the intercourse be. t??en New Meiico and St. Louis is becoming frequent and mutually profitable to both. It is impossible, iudeed, to calculate the importance ot such an acquisition to the resources of tlie United States, and to the intercommunication between the Paoiflc and the Gulf of Mex co. General Kearney has obtained possession of Sauta Fe :ik/.nl flrinff nm CMtn fir llia/tilinff on* rlrnn 1. tint be wu pieparsd tor action?and bis gallantry would lure reaped for bis country fresh laurels on the banks of tbe Rio Urunde. We all wish to become anqutinted with bis lite and character. He is a native of New York, (as we are informed ) and married tbe step-daughter of tbe celebrated Clark, of St. Louis, who penetrated, with Merriwether Lewis, to the Columbia river. He is betwoen HO and M years of age. Tbe Ueueral entered tbe army during the war of 1H13 ; and at tbe close of it he w a* regarded ns a gallant, intelbger.t. and energetic ofli c .r, who gave promise of rising to distinction, it any op i-urtuni-y should oiler Itself. He has continued in tbe army ever since ; and lor tbe last hftoen or twenty years be has been stationed in the for west-at 8t. Louis, and generally at Kort Leavenworth, on tbe Missouri-in the dragoon service He has made frequent reconnoisaances, in mili ary expedition*, in (hat region, thus acquiring i-uch a knowledge of its physical features, of the Indian habits, of tho resources of a western life, as would qualify him to act the pioneer and commanding "Ulcer of the expedition, which he has so successfully tonducted to haute h'6. Ho ranks very high as a bold, indomitable, energetic, and accomplished officer? who has the head to contrive, the hand to execute, and the heart to brave every difficulty. Such is the man who seems rapidly rising to lugh distinction ; and whose services already entitle him to the applause and gratitude of his country. Sun Juan de Ullou. [Correspondence of the London News ] On the termination of tbe war with Old Spain, after the miaeranie iemhui??i uiair garrison naa Ufcn sent oil' to Havana, 1 went with two companions over the lastio of San Juan da IJlloa. It ia a tremendous place, il at all wall manned No wonder it had held ont ao long Had it not been for the raging of the yellow fover wlihiu it? walla, and the want ?r provisions, the Mexicana would rarer hare taken it without a naral force rery auperlur to the oue they then possessed, though they hare never ainre had any force comparable to that one. The outer walla ol thin fortreaa are of immenaa thickness-upwards of twelve feet; and in the positions moat expoaed, the walla are aerenteen or eighteen feet in depth, of aolid white atone. It ia e vciy porona, and ratlier aoft stone, ao that halla do not tplit or crack it ao much aaijuietly embed tbomaelrei. These outer walls havo bntteriea all round; the guns were well planted, with hare and there a neat corner for a mortar. Tba inner walla are ao constructed, that if the outer walla are gained it would atill be at a ilaughteroua eapenee te tbe beaiegcra, if the garriaon wera at all competent to avail themaelvet of their position. ~V? We entered the fortreaa from below at the principal E NE' N] 1 gate, which was of great itrength. and vary skilfully ! contrived; and than went along a atone postage, which had several gateways, and "eutlningly devised" narrow 1 passes, with nigh atone walls on each tide This wai terminated by a canal, or moat, with a drawbridge over it. We next arrived at flights of staira, and passing up aeveral vault like aacents, we gained tha top of the grand i batteries. Their general characteristic is that of graat strength, and plenty of room to work in. They mounted 110 long twenty-four pounders, all of brass. They ware, for the uio't part, in excellent condition The mortars wore of large calibre, though not in such good order as tha guns. The powder magazines were each literally a dry stone well, plugged at the top with blankets, and having a round metal lid over the mouth that openad upon the batteries. We next descended to the inner works, and gained the vwuuvij w?u> uja circuHUUi rouio. ceiitiei wn nocanity to the besiegers of having guides who wall knew ovary' turn of tho work*, tha excitement anil smoko are { almoat certain to produce a confuiion, in which the voice | or pretence of the guide* would be loft, and tha partydashing onward might only arrive at a dead wall, a gap looking out upon tha tea, or the mouth of a twenty-tour ! pounder The circuitous route of our descent from the upper to the lower range of walls, was entirely exposed I to their batteriea, the guns grinning at us all the way, | like so many black tusks, as we traversed stone causeway s and narrow passes. Whole regiments might here be raked down, after they had conquered the outer walls. But the ''chances ot war" are numerous; and one imperfection in the gieatest power (if otherwise perfect) may render it inapplicable, and perhaps ridiculous. On arriving at these inner batteries, we found the guns in a wretched ronditiun. They were no better than a Chinese effect, "calculated" to strike terror into the mind. But one may imagine how very angry the subtle architect of this lormidable castle would have been, could he have seen his excellent arrangements for the safe and nearly certain destruction of the assailants, thus rendered abortive. We now Jescended a very'wide and steep flight of stone stairs, which led us down into the grauil castle square, or little town, as one might almost call it. We entered at the bottom through stone gate-waya (the architect had never missed an opportunity for giving the besieged protection in retreating, and time to rally), and ! then found ourselves in a large open square, enclosed ' on all aides by very lofty wills, the lower part of which displayed doors and entrance* into barracks, guard ho utes, and shops of various kinds for the sale of such articles as a garrison would need. The Governor's house is at the further and. It was a genuine soldier's lodgment, and very bare of all ornament, except those of war, for it was riddled all over with the marks of shot and shelL Its strong covered balcony, intended to serve both as a protection from the broiling sun. and from the fall of missiles,was in many places torn in long gaps. All the towers anl buildings of any elevation had also been knocked about and defaced by the shot and shell* from | Vera Cruz, previous to the surrender of the castle. But the mutilations aud destruction did not materially afl'ect the strength of the place. Very few of the guns had Deeu uisioogeu; even mo outer battelics were not injured io as to render them ineffective, with the exception of a gap of ruins in one or two places. There is about a mile's breadth of sea running between Han Juan de Ulloa, and the town of Vera Cruz. How strongly and skillfully this fortross is protected by .art the reader has now some idea. Sau Juan Je Ulloa is equally protected by nature; for, while the de'ences of art which I have brtelly described are chiefly devoted to the side and angle facing the towu, those angles which face the main ocean on the opposite side, or back of the castle, are protected by loug successions of rocky reefs, utterly defying the approach of any vessels of war. Many black and rotten wrecks, visible even at high water, attested some ofthe natural "terrors of the place." But in these days it is generally understood by all military men that no place is impreguable, and that thorough soldiers, well officered and led, can, and will, and do, take any place. At what cost, is not to the question. The thing can be done. [Correspondence of the London Times.] Mexico, July 30.?Matamoras remains in tho hands of the Americans, and Vera Cruz and Taqipico are blockaded by their ships; but the rains prevalent at this time of the year,and whieh hare fallen with unusual violence in that part of the country, have paralyzed the further operations of the American army on the Bravo, under (Jeneral Taylor. Nor has any attack yet been made by Commodore Connor on Vera Cruz or the Castle. (Jen. Taylor has now under his command about 14,000 men%a force sufficient to penetrate to San Luis Potosi. A great proportion of these, however, are volunteers from Texas, | and the western 8tales of North America, men who spurn at all control, and whim it will be difficult to subject to >...u j umvi|>iiui;. ii 11 ftuvn u mm ui?y luieuu iu marcii to the interior as soon ui the weather permit*, and that the first point of attack will ho Monterey, the capital ofNuevo Leon, distant 8.5 league* from Matemora* Some preparations fsr defence are now going on there, and Mejia has led the wreck* of the army ot the north to strengthen the garrison; hut Monterey is an open town, and the result will no doubt be a capitulation a* soon as the American* appear Gen Arista has frankly expressed his opinion that Moxi :an soldiers, in th?ir present state of discipline cannot be brought to faco the North Americans. It might be thought that this government would see the wisdom of negotiating for peace be fore the Americans penetrate further into'1 he country; but the national vanity and a touch of obstinacy, which they inherit from the Spaniards, forbid them to take the initiative. A rumor which has reached this vf the ottered mediation of GreM Britain in the contest, has, however, given much satisfaction. Intelligence has been received from New Mexico of the invasion of that province by #000 Americans. Armijo, the governor, has applied for assist; vce to the authorities of Chihuahua, Uurango, and Zacatecas, all ol whom promise aid, but in reality can give none. |* * * * * ? * * The blockade of the Atlantic ports, of course, render* arrangements for the payment of the public debt, the means for which must be derived from tho maritime custom houses, mere matters of theory. Before retiring from oftico, however, Senor Iturbe produced, and Gen. Parades decreed, a new financial scheme, tho leading feature of which is the resumption by govcrnmont of one half of the customs' rovonue, while the other half is appropriated to the payment of tlie debt, 30 percent, of the Vera Cruz and Tampico custom houses going to the English bondholders, and to the payment of British claims.adjusted by diplomatic intervention, the quota unsigned by those conventions. 1 do not observe, however, that any irn.iiim I, mj. II., ? ...nl . ' .V- 1 in violation of all agreements by Senor Iturbe. Hif answer, when applied Co on this score, is a remarkable specimen of assurance. "If I had to repay those sums," tai 1 the Minister, "I should gain nothing hy having taken them." This logic may do in Moxico, but will hardly bo considered satisfactory in Downing street The new scheme would place tne future control of the custom houses very much in the hands of Iturbe himself, and a few of tbo other large holders of the 2) per cent fnnd, to the level of which it is proposed to reduce the copper certificates, and a variety of other credits against the government. But the holders of those credits have demurred and protested, and it is thought that the next Minister will alter or repeal the decree. This is the great evil of Mexican legislation; nothing is permanent. Uo the formation ol the 25 per ct. lund, they did their best to tie themselves down by printing the decreo in the body of the h.ijrfs, but the terms of that decree have al reaay undergone several modifications, and now a sweeping measure is attempted, giving the fund an eniirely new character. Aliuwt, Oct 3, 1846. hlomig denies III hie 1,1'iiDeniioH?i/irarnroii, <)-c. The doling proceedings of the Constitutional Convention are hurried in a manner quite incomiitant with their grave importance. The discipline and tact which the members have acquired during the session would have been of material benefit at the beginning, and might have qualified them to present a Constitution to the people which would have commended itself to their interests and wants. The session has been a long one. but yet too short by half, because nine-tenths of the members have simply gone through an initiatory or preliminary process. If the work which has been done could ho cancelled, and the members lie allowed to sit a year longer, a good Constitution would be submitted This afternoon the report of the Committee upon the Division ol Estates was had under discussion. Judge CI) do, of Columbia, made a tremendous hit. He eloquently advocated ilie adoption of the following articles to be incorporated into the new Conslitu'ion :? 7. All feudal tenures of ovory description, with all their incidents, aro declared to be abolished, saving, however, all roots and services certain, which at any time have been heretofore lawfully created or reserved. 3. No lease or grant of agricultural land for a longer period than ten years, hereafter made, in which shall tie reserved any rent or service ol any kind, shall be valid ' a All covenants or conditions in any grant of laud whereby the right of the grantee to alien is in any manner restrained, and ell tines, quarter sales, and other charges npon alienation, reserved, in every grant ol land 1 heieofler to be made, shall be void. Alter a very able and Interesting debate among the most distinguished members of the Convention, the first ' section, as above, was adopted. An amendment to the 1 second section was offered so that the section would reed a/follows " 1 No lease or grant of agricultural lend for a longer 1 |.?riotl than twenty-one years, or during the naturalTlfe of the grantee, hereafter made, in which, lie , shell l>e valid." The amendment wai adopted. It will be aeen that the adoption of thia amendment, prematorely, totally defeat- j ed the purpose of the anti-rent committee, which aubmitted the articlo for the conaideration of tha Convention. Aa a consequence, tho entire body of antiient delegates, j headed by Ira Harris, took moat decided ground against j tho whola second section, as amended. A vary protract- 1 ed dohate enanod, in which the very heat material of the Convention was brought into play. Messrs Harris, Van j Schoonhoren, Simmons, etc., distinguished themselves , by a moat able defence ol the gieat principle sought to 1 be established by them, to wit: that estates entailed fora | I life or lives are a curse to the grantee. Repeated efforts wore made to re umcud the second I section, end aftjer a very fieic.e struggle the section was i ra-amended, and the period for the limitation of all leases | tUo.l at twelve years. The second section was then adopted. A very brilliant arrey ot ladies w itnessed the debate Tho Convention then adjourned. The City Hotel, in this city, is to l>e re arrange t for a I j thoatie Yankee Hill haa purchased the buiining, i ia | sail. Tha weather is peculiarly flno here; we have had I no frost yet in this city, ami there has hi en noia in he western part of tho Htate. I PoilUeai Intelligence. ? _ ? Tieai.ient of tha South rolina College arrived at his re*.dance in this place tM. tenlav, much improved, we aie h, p,.y to atata, in hck;th| ~C?lumbia (S O.) CAronicle,MM?'1. wfiro EW YOtRK, TUESDAY ]V run, 10th Sept., 1840 The CMliW(ri|nt|ir4iit{ Iht Morriaga of thr Qitern of Spain?Tm Protprct of Fa mint?Ireland?Germany?Frano* Jtmrrica. In the Unite* States, where mora rational idea* prerail in regard te the machinery of gorerainents, you will doubtless regarf with curiosity the sensation produced in Paris, possessing no very spacial claims to attention Tor any known qual^ ot mind or boJy, ii about to marry a littla Spanish girl of about fourteen, whoae moit noticeable quality is that of possessing a large dowry. Thii project, neverthMMS, has caused a lively agitation in the political circlei, and produced the interchange of a multitude of diplom^ic notei between the repreientativea of the European powers at all the great capital*, lireat doubt* are (till entertained whether thii important event can be allowed to take place, or if it do, whether it may not be the mean* of disturbing the peace of the world! Surely, surely, absurdity can no further go' Alas, that mankind in this nineteenth century should be the victim of folly sc unutterable! Will nation* never learn to govern themielvee without the costly and absurd pageant of royalty ' and this last and greatest absurdity is connected with a Royalty created 10 recently a* 1830!! In the midst ot theao discussions, the people of Europe are menaced in several parts of the continent with the real distress of a scarcity. The harvests, generally, are below tiisir average amount, and a considerable rise in the prices oi all kludsof subsistence is apprehended, bo strong are the fears of the consequences,that the authorities in many paits of Europe are already engaged inpre/taring measures of alleviation. In England, particulary, the coming winter Mason is looked forward to with anxiety. The hopM which had been entertained that the repeal of the Corn Laws would lower prices,have not been realised. Thg harvest is deficient, and yet the imnortationa hivo not atMtmonterl to that Avtmnt which th* reduction of duty, oNkbined with the deficiency of the home *up|)ly, would here promised. On the contrary, the price* have risen. In the prineipai Knglish markets e rise of sin shillings a quarter has lately been announced, and yet the demand is In brisk as ever. The situation of Ireland is truly alarming. Other people, threatened with scarcity, can fall from an higher to a lower standard of subsistence, and the evil which afflicts them takes the form of an inferior quality of food, the quantity being still sufficient But, unhappily, in Ireland, the actual standard of subsistence has been the cheapest quality of the cheapest article of food?the potato. They drew their subsistence from the very bottom of the scale, and below that remains nothing but famine and the grave. Tho British government has humanely resolved to come to the rescue of this miserable population, in the only way it can com e, without producing still greater evite-that is, by the promotion of public works, by loans at a low rate of interest In Germany the seriotta consideration of most of the State goveraments has also been directed to the subsistence of the people until the next harvest. Breadstuff* of every kind have riaon in the northern as well as in the southern provinces. Provisions against a famine are alroady in progress inaeveral places. The government of Hesse is taking actrvo measures. The citizens of Cobientz have formed an aaaociation lor tha purchase of 50,000 hectolitres of corn, to be sold at first cost, if the price should rise above a certain limit during the winter. Unfortunately, it is to be totred that Germany, instaad ol giving iucroascd means of emnlovment. bv tho ex tension of iti public works, will be compelled to close many of its larger factories. Independently of the menaced scarcity of provisions, the country is the prey to a financial crisis. '1 ho public funds at Berlin have fallen from u to 10 per cent, and it Is apprehended that the calls upon the shareholders in tire railways will not be promptly or generally answered; and it is possible, even, that tha compauies will be compelled to suspend their works, unless the government will come to their aid, at a moment when it is so necessary to afiard employment to tire laboring classes. It is calculated that the railway in progress in the German States employ a million of laborers. 1 n I-'ranee, the prospects are little bettor. Disturbances have already broken out in several deportments, although the minister of commerce, in his wo circular to the prefects of departments, endeavors t?ollay tha public fears, by representing the causes of alarm as having been exaggerated, yet there can be no doubt that there exists most serious grounds for apprehension. Tha Intelligence received 1'iom dilforcnt parti of France leave no doubt that tho corn harvest has been in general deficient. The produce has been estimated with tome precisian in the Soutu and iu the West, und it i< found that the cropa of this year are very inferior to those of the last teasol, and pretty nearly .what they were in 1U39 It ia true, that in a lew of the Northern departments they exceed the local consumption, but they ore much short of it in the central and Southern departments. The vegetable crops have also been materiully deficient, owing to the drought, tud the potatoes have, in many localities, altogether failed. Already these effects are manifested practically in the markets. At this time last year the pi Ire of com in farts varied from ft) to 11 francs, the hectolitre; now it varies from flti to 32 francs, which shows an increase of 20 to ii per ceut. on the price. The price of bread announced for this week is 3!) to 41 centimes the kilogramme, tor about 2d. per pound.) It is nearly the same price at Kuuen, and the principal towns of Normandy. Itis 2)ad. per pound at Lille, and has risen to oven higher prices in Loraine and Alsace. Thus it is3)id. at Strasbourg!! ; JJtd. at Nancy, and 3d at Colmar. The rovcrumont. althouirh it discourasres anv serious apprehensions, is, nevertheless, taking measures of precaution. The ministers of the interior, of public works, and of commerce, have sent instructions to the prelects of departments to estublish extensive works for the em ployment of the poor. Tho canals, railways, and roads will doubtless be the main source of governmental employ ment. America is, of courso. looked to in this emergency.? Will not the high prices to which all breadstuff's must inevitably rise in Kurope, attract subsistence from the West ? "Will it not, in fact, assist the prices in your own markets 7 Foreign Theatricals. So great a favorite has .YlaiPlle Hose Cheri become with thePsrisian public since her personation of Clarisse Harlow, at the (iymnase, that the Theatre Frani'oise has been using all its diplomatic skill to induce her to become a member of ita corps, having even gone so far as to offer to liquidate any damages that might ensue upon 1 her breaking oil any previous contract that she may have i entered into with any other establishment, but in vain; ! Md'llo Hoso Cheri has positively declined its offer It is rumored that she has received magnificent ofi'ors from Russia. Mademoiselle I.ucile Giakn is staying nt Fatis, for a few days only, as she will shortly set out lor Italy, where, it is said, she Roes moulrr several new ballets, the libretti of which sho has in her possession. Klotow, the composer of" HtraJella," has quitted Faris for Germany, where his compositions are greatly admired. Rodolph Kreutxer wrote tho music of a " Lodolaka ' which succeeded alter that by ChernbinI had proved a failure. Kreutzer on the following day of his triumph proved him sell at once a worthy and sensible man-, at this moment, when public applause was at its height, the tattered scholar sat down, and dedicated his work to his | former master, the ill-used Cherubini. During tho past month of August thero were produced at the I'arls theatres one new opera, three dramas, thirteen vaudevilles?in all, seventeen novelties by twentyeight authors. There were, besides, ten revivals of old pieces, nine debuts by performers, aud four re-appearances. A society has been formed at Madrid, for the transle tion of Krench dramas, vaudevilles, fee., and another society has alto been formed for the representation of the pieces so translated. The interests of these two socio tics are thus identical; without the lormer there will be no pieces, and without the Utter no representations.? This theatrical oligarchy has spread consternation among those Spanish writers whose bread is dependent on their pens. According to an Iulian journal, Madame Stoltz, the celebrated canlatrice of tho grand opera, at Paris, is engaged for the Cremone during the next Carnival. Moriani, is earning golden laurels, at Bergamo, his native place, as Ldgardo, in "Lucia ai Lammermoor." Rossini is expected to arrive shortly at Paris, to superintend the rehearsals and the mite en gcena of his new opera Mr. Bunn has entered into an engagement with Mdlle. Fouco, who made so successful a debut iu Betty a short time ago, at the Academic Roy ale de Musjque ; and she will dance at Drury Lane during the months of November and December next. At the Grand Theatre at Nantes, a few days ago, there was a disturbance from the following incident The performance commenced with the piece entitled "Lea Couleurs de Marguerite," in which the actor Ozanne had lorgotteD his part, which caused him to be hissed. Addressing himself to the pit he said, in an ironical tone, "You appear angry, gentlemon." These words provoked still loudor hisses and disapprobation, and the imprudent actor was railed upon to apologise, "Apologise! never!" saying which he quitted the stage. Another actor was found to read the part, which appeased the anj dience, but the refractory actor was taken into custody by the police. St George's ballot of "La Gipsy," was brought out by Halle as the Bohemian Girl. Translated into German it has become "Die Ziogeynorian." Never was success more complete; the pieco is now performing simultaneously at Vienna, Berlin, Munich, Hamburgh, Ac. It ia reported In Paris, that Barrez has been, for the sernn/l tima nntvniva.l na hallal tnaibr ut Ilriirv LaTlA. Meyerbeer it encaged in the composition of an opera for the Academic Hoy ale de Musiquo. at Pari*. It will not be brought out until the end of Id47. M. Corelll, ptft, i? putting the Aninhing touch to a new ballet for the Academie Royale de Musiqtie, to he called !.a Taitimnr ; the principal character i* destined for rarlotta?Jriai. Orisi, Mario, and Corolli, after hiving concluded their tour in the province*, will go to Pari*. Fornasari and Castellan will, after having concluded their v?yage arffstiynr in Ireland, leave for Italy. Fornasari goe* to Verona Dotalli I* engaged at Idibon 1 he elegant piece of plate aubacribed for by the nobleman and gentlemen, frequenter* of the Italian Operahoufo, and admirer* of Tagiioni haajuat been completed, and will thortly be preacnted to her. it baa been manufactured in the e*tab!i*hmentof Mr. tlarrard, of the Hay market, from a deiign and under the direction of Mr. Cotterell. The value ia 3(H) guinea*- The piece of plat* ia of floated silver, and conaiat* of a group of three mythological figures, ami the figure* of two animal*, partly takan from the balletof JCnWymion, in which Tagiioni appeared in the season of 184ft. Oiana is turveying Fndymion, | who (leap* on bank, behiud which Cupid, crouching, RK I IORNING, OCTOBER 6, 1 watches the goddess She i? accompanied by a lawn. The dog of Kndymion i< alio introduced. The whole ia in pure and classic taate, and not broken by too close an attention to minute parts. The figure* are very elegantly modelled ; they are not portrait*, but have the Greek | outline of features. I Perrot is engaged at the Scala, at Milan, for three months , he will receive the princely sum of 50,000 franc* for the engagement K letter from Bruoa stn'es that at the laat concert given in that city, Lisxt, Drey?chock, trust, and Vieux temp* |>*rformed. At Wolverhampton. Mr. vvoolgarand lu* daughter are I playing in a variety of parti. i Madame Anna Thillon hai renewed her engagement ; at the Liverpool Adelphi Theatre. Madame Taglioni I wai announced to appear on Friday night, and the Misses Cuihman are to perform at this theatre in the eniuing I week. The gratifying reception which Mra. Kitz william and Mr. Buckatone met with, on Wednesday lait, hai caused a re engagement for "The Cavalry Week," and tomorrow (Monday) they make their appearance under the patronage of Colonel Clive, and the offlceri of the Queen's Own, when, doubtleei, a full house will appreciate their versatile talent and great ability upon the boards. The Lirtrpiiot *1lhion says that Bernard Gregory, having been hissed otf the Haymarket boards, has got a clique to hire the Strand Theatre. There, any one who attempts to hiss is turned out neck and crop. And serve them right for going into such company. Mr. Patrick Sutcliff, who his been for many years engaged at the Dublin Theatre, was, a few mornings since, iound dead in his bed. In the morning of the 31st ult, while the workmen at tho Hamburgh Theatre were hoiating to it! place a splendid bronze chandelier for gaa lights, just brought from London and weighing above 10,800 lbs., the rope broke, and thh enormous mass, falling to the ground, was brokan to pieces, crushing two kngliahmen, who had come over to auperintend its being suspended. Caibo, III., August, 1840. Letu'sviils?Slavtry?Ab?U tianirm? Cairo. Since writing you from Cincinatti, 1 have been trave. ung siowiy uown lua wuio. stopping m various points. I spent several days at Louisville, and hava formed a very favorable opinion of it. The Inhabitants are a much more aristocratic class of people than these of Cincinatti, and consequently much more attention is paid to their style of living. An air of comtort, and, in many instances, of luxury, seems to pervade the whole city. 1 was forcibly struck with the comfortable appearance in every way of the slaves. Their dress in many instanoes is equal in i>oint of stvle to that of the most respectable whites, tfnd universally there is among them an appearance of tidy wholesomeness. They hnve in Louisville four churches, which belong entirely to the slaves, and are paid for. I attended service in oae of them last Sunday afternoon, where 1 found assembled some twe hundred blacks, listening to the eloquence of a colored prosv ner, the tones of whose voice exceeded in power any that 1 ever heard. The scene was one that aven had i timo and space, would beggar description. In conversation with ap intelligent gentlemen, he remarked that it wee the desire of Kentucky to become e free State : and thet such would have been the case teu years ago hed it not been for the misguided zeal of northern abolitionists. Said he. " wo feel the curse of sla very?we feel that it ii an incubus upon the proaperity anil happineu of our fair State, but the etforts which have been made to deepoil ua wrongfully of our righte. have only aerved to draw the chaiaa of the alave atill tighter. Let the abolitioniata cooperate with ua inatead of taking ground in opposition to ua, and eapecially auch fanatical ground, and the great work can be accompliahed." 1 left Louiavillo on Friday, 91st, at 5 P. M., and after a tediouajonrney, during which we were obliged to unahip our freight to enable us to paaa a sand-bar which obstructed the channel, we arrived at this place on Monday evening last, at 9 o'clock. Cairo, as every New Yorker knows, and many of them to their sorrow, was ouce represented as being able to compete with any western city. And upon the strength of loose representations large amounts of money Were advanced, during the speculative times of '87 and 98, which have been expended in laying the foundations of an extensive city, llut unfortunately the bright dreams of the speculators were doomed to disappointment. The Whole number of the inhabitants of the place doea not exceed 300, and their appearance it of the moat squalid and miserable nature. 4 large, airy and originally well built hotel, as also an extsnxive foundry and machine shop, together with a stega saw-mill and several other buildings are entirely unoccupied and are going rapidly to ruin.. A levee, which extends the whole distance of the contemplated Untile of the city, end which was built at an expense of half w million of dollars, is now in e state of comnleto dilapidation. An inundation of the whole city, which occurred some time eince, has left it filled with branches and completely covered with snags and floating timber. The natural position of Cairo, is in every way to its advantage It lies upon a point of land formed by the janction of the Mississippi and the Ohio rivers, two of the longest and meat extensively navigated rivers in the world. It is a point at which almost every boat stops, and at which, if convenience* were to be obtained for travellers, and lacilities were afforded for etoring and reshipping freight, an extensive business might be done. The only obstacle which presents itself, ie the fact that owing to the low marshy nature 01 too ground, me place i? unhealthy. Thii difficulty, however, will be overcome upon the country'* lieiug more extensively cleared, and more densely populated , and I predict that at no very distant day t airo will oujoy at least a portion of the prosperity which its friends have so long atrived for we have now been laying at tlio levee three days and three niguts, and the prospect ef the time of our depei turn is still uncertain. The delay is occasioned by s change of boats, and a consequent exchange o f frejghl Our freight consists principally of supplies and wa gonsfor the army, undar the charge of Quarter Mastei J. T Arthur. We have also several passangara destined for the army, among whom is Dr. llenjamin Stone, wh? has been ordered on service. Lucia*. Onondaga Castle, Aug., 1846. Hie Onondaga*?Indian Featt of Suckrrtaili. We yesterday made a visit to the castle of the Onondagas, a remnant of whom only remain, anil they are divided into two parties, (about equally,) Christian and Pagan. Many of th* younger members of the tribe show the ,l blench mg" induction of association with the whites verj Clainly, especially the children. The whole num er ol the tribe at this time does not exceed 3<i0 The farms they occupy are, some of them vei] well cultivated, under leases, by the whites, am a lew of them (the Indians,) are wealthy. A very great proportion of tlieui, however, are idh and dissipated, notwithstanding the great exer tions which havo been made to educate and re iorin them. During the past year the Sta'e has appropriated about $400 toward the ereetion ol a public school house near their council grounds or " castle," u< it is called here, beside that sutn, the cm/ens ol Syracuse have contributed about $300 toward! compensating a teacher, Miss Hitchcox, who with great self deniul and perseverance has been laboring to educate them 111 the common branches. Her success thus far lias been verv llatteriinr. fai exceeding any male teacher who has mode attempts to instruct them. Yesterday was their annual "feast of suckertash," as they call it. The preparations lor which had been made the day previously. The "feast," so far as we could discover, consisted of corn, potatoes and pumpkins, boiled in mass, with pork, pigs feet, squirrels, rabbits, lie., served up in large iron ketdes. From these each Indian dipped what he desired with his ladle into a small pail, and ate with his ladle or spoon, made of wood. After the feast came the dances. The first was the war dance, some twenty or thirty men joining in each sett or dance at a time, each arrayed in his oliicial costume. Most of them wele naked down to their hips, excepting their ^caps, and a few who woie sashes, 'lheir performances evinced great muscular elasticity, and with some great power, but very irregular. Next came the religious dance, in which the women engaged.? Their music consisted of a very simple drum, and shells filled wuh nebbles or seeds, and singing.? At the intervals between each dance a apeecli was made by some one of the chiefs, to which responses were given by a, loud cheer or whoop somewhat similar to the regular war whoop made during their dances. I was quite amused with the perlormances of one of the young hereditary chiefs, a lad about eleven years of age, gi eat grandson of the famous old An-te-uu-ga. The name of the lad is Gs-noe-sa-ka. His perlormances were some of them truly astonishing exhibitions of elasticity and skill i in evolutions. Tie is a great favorite ainongj the I old chiefs. I A great many presents were exchanged between the white spectators who were present fa/tinn <>f whnm were the most fashionable and intelligent Indies in Syracuse) and the Indians.? Each gift from the whites was proscnted through the head chief, La Korte, who accompanied the ! presentation with a speech, when the gift was laid aside for deposit in the national atchives. The Christian party of these Indians do not join in their feasts, from the belief that they are contrary to the doctrines and precepts ol Christianity. It is rare tiiat they attend as spectators, though some do. Rambi.ex. I P.S. Being in Syracuse to-day, 1 learn that the grand jury, now in session, have found a bill against the noted Empire House, for violating the Excise or No License law. That house was attached first, because it was deemed the greatest sinner, professing to be temperance. There are only fourteen causes on the civil calendar. Those are divided between more than thuty lawyers ! Hard business that. IERA 1846. Till' Missing Ship. The following beautiful Poem, describing the loss of the steamship President, was recited by Mrs. Mowatt, to an admiring audience, on the occasion of her benefit, at the ParlrlTheatre las Friday night. God speed the noble President A gallant host is 'he Al ever emote > ii<u ' <u. Or er-???'d e sloru,) -c . Like some majestic castle tine float! upon the stream ; The good ihipi moor'd beside her, Like pigmy shallops seem ' How will her mighty bulwarks The leaping surges brave? How will her iron sinews Make way 'gainst wind and wave ' Farewell, thou stately vessel ! Ye voyagers, farewell Securely on that deck shall ye The tempest's shock repel. The stately vessel left us, In all her bold array: A glorious sight, O landsmen, As she glided down our bay; Her flags were waving joyfully, And from her ribs of oak, ''Farewell!" to all the city, Her guns in thunder spoke. Flee, on thy vspory pinions '. Back, back to Kngland flee. Where pationt watchers by the straud Have waited long for thee-, Where kindred hearts are beating To welcome home thy crew, And tearful eyes gaze constantly Across the waters blue ! AIM, ye watcher* by the (trend! Week*, month*, have rolled away, But where, where i* the Preaidant I And why i* thi* delay. Return, pale mourner*, to your home* ! Ye gaze, and gaze in rain; Oh ! never (hall thatpennon'd ma*t Salute your eye* again ! And now your hope*, like morning iter*, Have one by one gene oat; And item despair subdues at length The agony of doubt 1 But itill affection lift* the torch By night along the shore, And linger* by the surf-beat rooks, To marvel, to deplore. In dream* I see the fated ship Torn by the northern blast; About her tempest-riven track The white fog gathers fast; When lot above the swathing miat Their head* the iceberg* lilt, In luoent grandeur to the clouds? Vut continent* adrift! One mingled shriek of awe goes up, At that stupendous sight; Now, helmsman, for a hundred lives, Oh, guide the helm aright! Vain prayer! she strikes! and thundering down The avalanches fall; Crush'd, whelm'd, the stately vessel sinks? The oold sea covers all! Anon, unresting F ancy holds A direr scene to view: The burning ship, the fragile raft, The pale and <lyins crew! Ah me! was such their maddening fate Upon the billowy brine? Oive up, remorseless Ocean, A relic and a sign! No answer cometh from the deep, To tell tho tale we dread; No messenger oi wool or woe Returnetn from the dead: But Faith looks up thro' tears, and seea From earthly haven driven. Those lost ones meet in fairer realms, Where storms reach not?in Heaven! Washington, Sept, 29, 1846. Wc had thought that there were no more to turn out ; but it is said that with th-- first of the month, Mr. Walker will make way for nine 01 ten now subordinates in his do par meat, by turning out nine or ten old ones. So we go Speaking of the Treasury Department, remind: us of information communicated several day: ago on that subject. It is said that in virtu of a bill pasead at the last session, authorizing the refunding of certain excesses of duties paid intc the New York Custom House, while it was undoi the control of Mr. Collector Curtis, the said Mr Curtis, and a distinguished member of Congress have been employed by the merchants concernec to recover the money ; and that the said Curtii and his associate, will each realize the handsomi leo of #50,000 by the operation. We have no ob jection at all ; but iu these excesses of dutic there is a dangerous precedent, one which migli lead to excesses upoiithe treasury in future trans actions of the kind, despite the closest surveil lance of the Secretary. To allow such excesses there ought to be a stopping place. We disliki 1 excesses of any kind, ana especially upon the al most empty pockets ol uncle nam. iney an | excessively inconvenient about this time. We found yesterday morning upon our table r as charrning'a bouquet of flowers ns we havi I seen since the days of John Tyler. Will you in i dulge us in a little poetry in the expression of ou thanks to the " liberal and enlightened donor."He cart be no other individual than (he publi gardener, from the fact that no such llowers an produced at this season in this latitude, except ii , the public grounds That Hen at! mi Bouquet, ' The singing birds of Summer, Have left for lands afar, , Though still they chear the lingerer near The fair domains of Mah'r. Some solitary minstrel, f Still warbling all the day, Among ths bowers, whence came my (lowers, That beautiful bouquet. f The flowers?the flowers of summer, ' Sweet children of the sun, 1 Like blessed things hsve spread their wings 3 And left us, one by one. Vet still around the Capitol, They smile along our way, 'Tie from those stars of Jemmy Mahr'f, I That beautiful bouquet. I The rose buds and the roses, Just blushing into bloom; Diffusing here the atmosphere, Of Araby'a perfume And dahlius red and golden, And half the flowers of May, With blue and green, are mingled in, This beautiful bouquet. I wondor what Cave Johnson, Would charge me in the mail, To take these flowers?but, by the powers, That plan would surely fail ;? Or, I would send them to be read, By one who is away, To whom 'twould seem, a pleasant dream I Till* DOilUUlUl Douqnei. Every men hae his week side, air. We confea that (lower* of level in ens, locomotive and st&tioria rv, are our*; and we know that Brigadier Genera Morris, at lea*', will condole with us. and say " May the Lord lorgive you." Poetically, The Doctor. laown'i Tract Larks, Herkimer Ce,i Sept. 1840 i JVillie.tke Hunttr?lfinaiippt, Iki St. Regit Indim-Ten ?Exuptre, lit Indian Oirl?Ttn'i fir it Sket?Deutk o, a Stag?Lakt / Dreamt?Eden Camp Bill ?/ FanLift in Ike R'todt?Beauty / Iht TVildernttt. Our party roaiists of on* itout "six feet and wall pro portioned" hunter, who not only understands the wood snd lake likes a book?is a capital shot?anil will bull a elbin in twenty minutes from the bark? I. a., peel th bark and place it in a shape to shed rain?yet will carr a canoe upon his bead with th* accomplished eaaa el a" Ksquimaux Indian, paddles, baggage and all?can tel whether a deer is fat by th* tracks - and frem their fresl ness will guess the distance since he passed?and is fi miliar par excellence with all kinds of woodcraft?hi assistant is a stout Indian ol the 8t Regis rib*, who ha a power of imitating animals that would astonish a goo ventriloquist?snd at times deceives the shy est tenant of the forest. Kroni the drum of a partridge to the yell < a wolf, the hark of a fox, anil the cry of an eagle, deer's snort, and moose's whistle, ho executes with sue that ha is one of the moat aiieoaaafnl htmia. in all thie region. He i?, tike the nrntt of the Low* Canada Indinni a profeiaor of the Catholic faith, and a honaat and upright a man aa I have ever aeen?cne c the few that the vice* of the whhe man have not cot rupted, and whoae nativo virtueshave nut l> rn taintd bjr the leproay of civilization. He i? In tJ.<- nfte nocn o life yet, a* hi* father wn a ruler in iainel a .a* a rbie among the tribe ot St Regia He haa an original fx"1 i of rurioua information, conce>ning. ai, quuu.t li*?ndi ' about, thil wide wilderneaa, in?o wtvc ate pa*? ?to him it ia at ill the paradl-n oft to i i in every mountain, rock, iaiand, and lam > .. ,. t. k | eaaociationaethough dim with ye.ir : > deaperate, and ruthlen character u mellow*, hut never obliteiat. a L daanyelet* with gieat aaao. au.l it 1 mine, yet Papineau waa never mo i ' " Parliament than Menaaippe Pravo up. br ",rtcrl"?" of the not.l* defendant, of ohivalioaa France, the early pioneeta af Canada on Baa. JCvar ready and evar willnur dava he entartaina ma with toiling, nig lit a with U ea^of yeera now loH in the oblivion of the peat I have now riven you a fair idea of iny two mlminthlo aida-de-camp?VViihe, th* back wood* hunter, and Mena LD. We* vm Omk, 1 alppe, the uncorrupted Indian, both becoming tort of luiui nalmr* in the K.utpire State The St. Regie river heading up in this wilderness, many of the trtie epend some months hunting upon these preserves of the once powerfu 1 Six Nations. After passing our luggage into the canals, Tom took his seat in one and myself in the other ; and of tnjr compaction Ju vauagt Ton, lot My one word. He i< one of thoee restless beings, who travel* heenn?fl he rannot keep (till, and haa lean ao much 11 that th?re i? htit little new either for him to b iv ,1 'lings hi* great hobby h < e-v'i.- -ni of the telic* he pose*e*osi of ? i.i. i ..iicou e m.eJ ouil intei anting plate* that he ii?? vinie.ii and with the ingenuity of a sailor, la ho ever ipinnuig hi* graphic and varying yarn*. . There is now but one left of our little party that I have not deicribed. I et wait till we get among the wator-Hllia* emblem* of her innocence, youth, and ipotleaaneaa, and which ihe ia now sweetly entangling among her lock*, it i* Kxupere, the Indian'i ehUd. the ait* bei lore me in the canoe, her imall hand* graaped around a I fragrant cedar paddle, and, with a heating boaom, ahe aasiati her father to urge forward our light ahallop. I longed for an infant locomotive to *ava Tier exertion? 2rot 'twa* in vain. A* we glide aide by aide through the ake of lilliea, hereyea glisten withpleasure ? andmusic, . the aame a? aung in the batteaux upon the St. Lawrence, broke from her red lipa in unison with the daahing ear* ?afac the mountains, with thair blua summit*, blent with the aky ; and around, palisade* of grey rock filled up the foreground, while dark green wooda gave a breadth of beauty to this enchanting wild-wooif The lake through which we are now passing is tha firat of a chain of eight that ure connected with outlata ot from one to three mileain length. A* we were turning a aharp point in the first inlet, gliding quietly aide by aide, as on* of hehiller's spirit boats upon a spirit sea?a noble stag, with spreading antlera, waa within aix yards, feeding; his broadside towards the boat, in which Tom was seated. Of course, my friend had tha first shot I saw, as be raised his ride, the canoe being suddenly hauled to shore, that he was troubled with what the hunters term "buck fever;" he trembled with excitement: and as the crack ef his rifle rang through the air, the dear, unhurt, bounded towards the forest. It was new my turn. Just as the frighted stag paused to look at tha rash intruder*, a well-aimed shot transfised him to where he stood, ffcom my trusty rifle Tom felt bad. Ila who baa xiueu wit* unerring aim the cbamoU of the Alpa, the gazelles of Arabia, the came-leopards of Africa, and monkey* of Brazil, had mad* a rail* (hot in the wilderness of hi* native State; yet, when the savory venison was served from the dainty hands of Exupero, he forgot it all, and w* felt very?in truth very, haupy. Our encampment is under two tall pines, that make a most grateful shade. The bill of fare for our backwood's diunor is as follows; BILL or FARR?K1>S!? CAMF. Fishhead Soup. Salmon and Speckled Trout. Venison, a la Indienne. Fetite Partridge, avec ground nuts. Pigeons, a la roretn. Venison, avec cranberries. Jean Caneux, et caper sauce. DRSSCRT. Box and Winlergreon Berries. I only give you what the forest produces; and with a few extras, your city epicures might well envy ua. To-morrow we leave this lake, which is the third of the chain, and has in it one of the most beautiful island* that I have ever seen. Tom and 1 have racked our brains for a metaphor. It is like a hit of the world before the flood; so bright, so green, that It laughs in silent beauty at this world of ours, half Ailed as it is with sin and sham*. 1 shall write agaiu from the lakes?they are such dreams of lovoliness I hate to leave them. liana. Woonsocxr.v, R. I., Aug., 1S4*. Jlriitecracy?Marat Character of the PaofU?Tht Suf fragt Agitation ? Fotlingt of Jtnimoiity Engendered thereby?jt Vihit to Gor. Dorr?Hit Health?Hon. Olney Ballou?Railroad Meeting ?Viewt of the Htm Tariff among the Manufacturer!. In a previous letter I spoke of the building! her*, a* being thrown together, without much regard to order o architectural proportion!. It map with equal truth bo aid of the people, that they havo been thrown together by the force of clrcumitancoa, without much regard to their natural aftlnitiei ; and that it would be difficult to describe the geueial characteristics of a people among whom there ie inch a diveriity of taite ana diipoaitione. One thing, however, is certain. There ii no eetabliihed aristocracy here, or acknowledged superiority, founded on the respectability and influence of cettain ancient families, a* is the case in many towns and cities. " Let every tub stand on its own bottom," appears to be the motto here. The only aristocracy is of very recent date, and feeble influeuco, having sprung up and flourished only as individuals have accumulated wealth in the manufacturing business ; and oven now the lines are not very distinctly drawn between them and their more unfortunate neighbors, so far as social intercourse is concerned. The manufacturer, however, who is accounted rich, is a lion, and be wields coasideiable influr ence among his fellow.cili/ens. Formerly, Woonsockot had tho reputation of being a very ungodly place, full of all manner of wickedness. , Whatever might have been the character of the pepula, tion during the early period of its history, Woonsockot is not liable te any such accusation at the present time, s Churches, schools and other good institutions, flourish > here, and the people are as moral and pious as they are in other village# of thii sire. During the agitation of the free suffrage and constitutional question, in Rhode Island, Woonsocket was a strong hold of the reformers, or, as they were Anally termed, Dorrites. Under the old charter government, a freehold qualification was required to enable a man te i, vote, and a vast majority of the people of Woonsocket > were disfranchised. Many of them were emigrants from . other States, where they had enjoyed equal politioal pri? vilegcs with the rest of their fellow citizens, end they could not understand why they should not enjoy the same in Rhode Island. For many years they had petitipn> ed the general assembly for a redress of grievanoes, but * in vain. Finally, they took a bold stand, to obtain their - rights, and the result of the conflict is well known to tho r country A constitution has superseded the old charter, - and although it is not in all respects such as the suffrage (. party demanded, it is a great improvement on the old system. The Dorr party was strong in this place, and until the a final failure oftheir enterprise, and the dispersion of the smell force that rallied around the standard of Governor Dorr, at <;hepachet, they exercised complete sway here, and were particularly obnoxious to the Algerlnes. But alter the defeat of their leader and their cause, and the State was placed under martial law, they were treated with much severity by their opponents, who did net fail to pay them principal and interest, for all the trouble Mr they nad caused " the powers that lie." The most bitter feelings of animosity were engendered in the bosoms of those who had bcon neighbors, and friends, and members or the snme household ; and to this day those feelin?rn hnvA not l>fif>nr.ftlmii(l down, ami uprhtm nAtor will be entirely eradicated. Governor Dorr, the unfortunate leader of the suffrage party, ie now stopping with hi* friend the Hon. Olney L)*lloti, in Cumberland, about five mile* from thi* village. 1 rode down to aee him a few day* aince, and had a very pleasant interview, during which the prominent political question* of the day were di*cu**ed with frankne?? and great ability on hi* part, and I came away with a most profound admiration of the man'* talent*. Hi* health i* (till very poor. He ia extremely lame, aed walk* but very little. It 1* doubtful whether he will ever recover from the diieaee which leem* to hare Axed it* grasp upon hi* >y*tem. Hi* mind i* perfectly clear, anuhe appear* cheerful, and much more happy than could be expected, after the sufferings end mnlortanee he ha* encountered. I found him (urrounded with newspaper* from different part* of the country, a* well a* public document* and book* in abundance. Mr. Ballon, at who*e home he i* sojourning, ie a plain, practice! farmer, of uncommon strength of mind and political agacity. He ha* bean a leading man in the democratic party for many yoars, and now hold* the offlce of State Senator. At hi* retired, unoetentalioue houee, away . from the noisy w orld, Governor Dorr conetantly receive* the kindeit attention* and the raoet cordial ayma pethr. A large and spirited moating of the friend* of the great i central New Vork and floston railroad waa held here , I yeaterdsy. The numerous attendance from the MTtral town* interested in Massachusetts, Ilhoda 1 aland, aad Connecticut, and the earneatneas, harmony, and good feeliDg manifested, evince a diapoaition to carry this great work through. It la a vary popular meaaure hero, and the oepitaliata and buaineia men art aiding it ail in their power. In reference to the new tariff, I iind there la a general f opinion among the manufacturers that the immediate effect will be to dimiuieh the sale of their goods, aad to reduce prices considerably. Nevertheless, they aro cenldent of doing a safe and profitable business, sfter prices g*t regulated, under the new net. This ia ths opiniea of the more frank and candid portion of tha manufacturers; there are others, to be sure, who predict ruin end I destruction to all tha great intarasta of tho country, ae the result of McKay's tariff hill; hut they sro genorally r men who tako their opinions from partisan newspapers, >J without atoppmg to inquire whether they are wail foundII ?d or not. The intelligent manufacturers aay they pteh far to have a moderate tariff if It can be permanent, to a ' high one, which ran never be suffered to remain un1 changed for eny length of time. d Persons! Intelligence. s a .a n smith it the abolition candidate for State Sena )f | tor'io the 7th d latitat. h I flnnvoa Hm-varo** Abdatb e Mkiliobe ?We gladly i notice that .signer Salvstore Abbato a MigUor* ( the ? " Oat till itI Salori," after a year of travel* throughout ,, Italy Sardinia. Krar ce. Spain, Knglaud and North Ameri,( ca, he* ju?t returned He haa brought with hiaa not . only the honor* of hi* literary occupation*, mentioned in j *ever*l new?[iaper?, and particularly In the " New Fork f Harali." " F.trning Pott," end " Saturday Kmf>,f rittat," hut aUo many of hi* article* appeared with 1 , prni?e in tho?e paper*, and the diploma* for which , nave admitted him to aeveral scientific. aocietiea. At the moat pott of theie at tide* are about Mcily and Palermo, which have been pleating indeed to the leJentii fi - men of tho?* distant region*, tgo ihould have been p'? *?ed to report tiiem, with the grateful tentimem* with v? hi M e'or. ign.i? have accepted the lame; bat the iimre ot oui papei not permitting ua to anumarato and unal) it ail ol tneio, we hope that the author will pub lith there ahetchea with hi* work on Ameriea, in centredie Hon of thoio of Mra. Trollop#. Mr. Kubio and other iouneu, aa ha promitei; which or couraa wa ahail notice, thereby enabling our reader* to form thair opinion uf the merit* ot *uch literary work*, and the title that our citizen ha* for the love of hi* native country and the whole of Sicily ?Pnltrno (Jtrtrnmanl Uaztltr "*JLm Crrtn," April ItilA, 1H4C