Newspaper of The New York Herald, June 23, 1848, Page 1

I |qr W&jli No. 113:). IN TELLIOrENCE FROM MEXICO. THE CLOSING SCENES OF THE WAR. Movements of the American Troops. Speeches of Messrs. Sevier and Rosa on the Ratification of the Treaty. THE ELECT 10N OF HERRERA TO THE PRESIDENCY. &c. &c. & c. BY THE STEAMSHIP CRESCENT CITY. [From ilia New Orleans Crescent. June 16 ] The brig Mary Ann Jones, Captain A. Collins, arrived at this port yesterduy, from Vera Cruz, whence she suiled on the 7th inst.. Tue Monitor, of the 1st, thus announces the election of President:? " Pile Chamber of Deputies has declared Sr. Goneral D. Jone Joaquiin de llerrera constitutional President of the republic." The ratifications of the treaty of peace have been exchanged with all due formality, t The Queretaro Progruo, the greatest war paper of Mexico, utters some veiy lugubrious lamentations over the consummation of peace. In the number of the 27th May, we find an article entitled the " Funeral ol the Republic," which we translate:? ' The peu flies from our hands, whllo we comply with the t'Ad duty of announcing to our readors, that the day before yesterday the ruin of the republic was consummated -our Senate giving the finishing touch to the work of Sr. Peua y Pena aud his minister Rosa. More thau half of the Mexican republic, that is to say, eighty-two thousaud square leagues of rich and fertile land'*, oomprisiug a part of our beautiful Tatuaulipas, Coauuila, Souora, Chihuahua, New Mexico, and the California*, have been sold for a small amount of money to the government at Washington, the implacable one uy of our frieuds ! Our compatriots have been transferred, like beasts of burden, to the dominion of ions master. This is the most bitter joke, the greatest sarcasm on republican institutions. " The gods ahaudou us," exclaimed the Roman orator uuder similar circumstances. " l'o give the finishing touch to the picture of our degradaiiou, yesterday, in the midst of a strong escort of riflemen, the American commissioners entered this city, to receive the dual deed of sale of our country. This infamous document will be, before long, for good Mexicans, the bloody cloak which Maro Antony pre seuted to tho Hoiuhu people. " It is said, also, that Sr. Rosas wished to place In the residence of the Commissioners the villified arms of the repuhlio. We leave to the consideration of our readers to reflect upon the sad bargain which the poor bird of the Aztecs, stationed silent and languid on his nopal, will sue entered into. " Kor Sr. Rosas alone It is reserved to render the national! uiublem an object of scorn and contempt to the Invader. Clod grant that this eagle, now so depressed, may not some day do with the authors of its misfortunes as he uow does with the serpent whioh writhes in his beak " The American Star of the 30th ult. says:? Now that the treaty has been approved by all the branches of the Mexican government, but little interest attaches to the proceedings at Uueretaro. The Monitor'? correspondent furnishes a long letter, but we do not And in it much that is interesting to Americans. The American Commissioners were received and enterta nen with much hospitality. Mr. .Sevier, however, being ill, Mr. Clifford took charge of tho negotiations. The writer does not like the present position of Santa Anna, belioviug that be is in secret correspondence with his frieuds in the republic. Ou the 30th ult. the lust number of the American Star was issued. It contained the following:? With this number ends the American Star. Peace is mado and ratified, and with its coming ends our mission here. The deed is done. Tho Star, which has risen in every city occupied by our arms ou this line, has set for the ln-t tune, in tbe capital of t hone who. but a few days since. ranked ou our list as enemies. May there never be auother oausu for a rupture between ua. The Star has advocatedau houorable peace?It has been brought about?we are satisfied?our country ia satisfied?Mexico la Halisried?may peace rent continually with all. There reinaiaa nought more, but to aay farewell to the gullaut soldiers with wham we huvo so loug communed, and whom we have seen bear aloft their oouulry's banner iu fO many victorious fights, it ia a short word, but. ou the present occasion, hard to syllable. If, when you return to your homes audare receiving that reward l'rom trienda and countrymen to which your glorious career here entitles you. you will but cast a thought on him who followed you from battle to battle, and raised lu* Star to chronicle your deeds of glory, It will be consolation enough to us. May you all prosper.? Farewell! The sime paper says:? Upu. Fattersou, with his division, will leave this morning for Vera Cruz. The general entertained a few of his friends yesterday, amongst whom all the officers of the 2d Infantry, and their gallant leader, Col Uiley. We will take this occasion of apologizing to the g"ucral for our non-attendance, urgent business at the quarters of another officer having prevented it; and whilst we return him thanks for the invitation, we take the occasion to wish him health and happiness on the journey, and after his arrival at homo. The sick of the conuiiund at Cuomavaca arrived yesterday, 350 In number, escorted by two companies of infantry, under command of Major Blanchard. 12th infantry?four men died on the road. The sickness is great at Cucrnav.n a. T io l.tta and 11th Infantry under command of Col Boubitin. 12ui infuutry, will arrive here to-day. Lieut. Colonel Hitchcock anil Major Buchanau. Acting Inspectors General, left here yesterday for New Orleans, win ro they will proceed at once to make arrangements for tne mustering out of the troops. From the Monitor Republicano, of Jane 1st, we extract the annexed items:? To-day, part of the troops which have been stationed at Toluca. entered the city, and to-morrow (Jen. Lane's brigade will leave for Vera Cm, 'i hree thousand nniskets have been purchased for the government, at ten dollars a piece, and 400,0U0 cartridges. Yesterday, eighty prisoners taken near Santa Fo wore brought into town by some American forces. It is said that among tbem there arc souio Mexican olfi <vrs. They were seized ou account of bearing arms, nnd had been seen under suspicious circumstances.? They were liberated on parole. The Epocn of an Louis Potoci, in speaking of the jiroixunri:imento ot Parades in Aguascalientes, says t General Santa Anna, for example.lias pronounced tor the federal syste , and against the federal system ; he has pronounced agaiust the nomination of President, and afti rwards endeavored to make the same man Pre sidt-ot whom hp had previously ooinbattod. I ho same Ik the case with (iiiu Paretics ; ho pronounced against tin' government to elevate Santa Anna, and afterward* to overthrow him ; ho commenced tho revolution of the Olh of December, '44. and he overthrew tho administration which resulted from that revolution : ho ^ was the chief of the monarchical party, and afterwards proclaimed the republic: a bitter cuouiy of the liberals. ho is now united with the Puros. A pretty picture, ti uly. From tlie Ero del Comerrio of tho 1st inst. we leitru that Gen. Marshall's brigade left the city of Mexico oa th.tt d iy. Sr. Otero has in trod need into the Mexican Congress a proposition to send immediate and efficient assistance to Yucatan. Tite Ero says that the prosecutions so long existing against Gen. Arista have terminated in his full and entire acquittal, and lie is now again in a position to serve Ins country. It will be s?en by the rani which we publish below, extracted from the Amertcan Star of the 30th, th it the Yucatan expedition will be organized in this nty, and not in Vera Cruz as had been the first intention. We should not on this account, however, abate oar exertions to have every thing prepared, and transportation provided;? To Tint Soi.Dtrm or tiif Arwv.?Thn General-la Chief informed usynstorday that ha had received positive nr ler* from tho War Department to discharge no moo from the service until after their arrival in the United Slates. As I had been otherwise informed, and so published it, I now make this contradiction with Ills sanction. Joh* II. Fr.ori.Ks. Though this may, for the moment, retard the expedition to Yucatan, it does not follow thnt it will f ill through, for it will he as easy to sail from New Orleans to Citmpcachy, as from Vera Cruz. Uut very few of the thousand and more men, who have volunteered their services to the assistance of the WhilM "I Yucatan, will draw ofl because UwjT have to go to New Orleans first; and at that point tr -hie the number can be raised after their final discharge from the service of Uncle SamSPKKCHKS OK MR. SEVIER AMD SR. ROSA AT THE EXCHANGE OK riATriMrATiov*. The Err> del Ctmtrcio of the 1st contains a letter, d iti d Qneretaro, May 30, giving an account of the exchange of the ratifications ol the treaty, which we translate below: At half p a*t 8 o'clock to-night the exchange of ratifications took place in the saloon of Sr. I'ena's house, during a private audience which ihe Minister of Relations, accompanied by the Minister of War, gave to tha Commissioners of the United States. Alter the exchange, Mr. Sevier said : ' Sksom ?In InsTluR your Kxcellenoy, after the consummation of thn object which brought us to this country, wn csn. with the greatest sincerity, declare, that never, during many years of vicissitude* eonseijucnt upon publlo service In the affairs of our country, E ill Jji is ha* any thing caused us more pleasure than the exchange of the ratifications of the treaty which reestablish** pes<-e between the United States and Mexi > In teed I . this event will be viewed with satlslautiou by ail honorable men of both nation*. " We sincerely hope that the great part which your Excellency and the other members of the administration have taken in the consummation ef so desirable a work will always bo remt rawed with gratitude by both countries * " My colleague. Mr. Clifford, by order of my government. and with the permission of yours, will remain in Mexico, and ou my return to Washington, will, without doubt be invested with a new mission, as Resident Minister at Mexico Our government, whose confidence you so much possess, hopes that in discharging its duties, by promoting the honor and wcli-beiDg of the United States, it inay conduct itself in such a manner as to acquire the sympathies of the Mexican authorities. '-As your excellency has previously permitted, I will return as soon as possible to the United States, with the treaty of peace, which is now confided to us, aud 1 hope to arrive at Washington before our Congress has completed its session. It is scarcely necessary Tor uie to inform you that my arrival at that city with tho treaty of peace will be hailed with the greatest cordiality. " i cannot sufficiently express our gratitude for the kindness and dietinguished honor with which we have been received. We shall take pleasure in communicating this to our government. Our most ardent desire is that you and your country shall enjoy peace and prosperity." The Minister of Relations replied as follows:? " Sib?This solemn moment, in which, after suoh great and strenuous efforts, peace and good understanding are re-established between Mexico and the United States of America, will always be satisfactory to me. This memorable reconciliation will always be oonsidered by the entire republic as the most efficacious means of restoring its prosperity and grandeur. "Though war always leaves behind such sad memories, you will always leave in Mexico a grateful remembrance of having so effectively intervened for the reestablishment of peace and harmony between two nations. " It is very pleasing to the President to know that Mr. Clifford will remain in Mexico, and that he will soon disoharge the duties of Resident Minister. The government of Mexico will hasten to name a Minister of the Republic to reside near the government of the United States of America. ' I sincerely desire that you may have a happy re turn to the United states, and that you may be reoelved there with the sympathies which the ciroum(tanoe of having been so directly concerned in the re-establishment of peace between the tv republics, should excite in your l'uror. " It only remains to me to manifest to yiu that the President has been pleased with the forbearance which your Excellencies have manifested in the important conference which preoeded the ratification of the treaty. For my part, I shall never forget the cordiality with which, in these conferences. 1 have ilwuys been treated by you. " A duty now remains to us to fulfil towards those who have so dirootly intervened in this work of peace and concord?that of sonsecrating the efforts of our lives to affirming and consolidating this peace, in which the policy, the humanity and the civilization of two great nations are interested." [From the American Star of the 30th ult ] The San Patricio prisoners, now that peace is declared, will in a few days be taken to New Orleans, and there be dishonorably discharged. Riley is at the head of them, and if he should return to Mexico, we hope ho will show he has received a lesson that will be of some advantage to hiin. No American can ever have any confidence in him, and yve doubt whether there is one who would not consider himself disgraced by being found in his company. He has been punished, but not enough, for the great crime he has committed. A number of Mexican citizens, seeing the above paragraph, sent the following petition to General Butler, which we translate from El Monitor:? To Hit Excellency General Butler. Commander in Chief of the .American Jirmy in Mexico. In the last number of the American Star it Id said that the prisoner* of San Patricio, and their captain, lliley. now that peace ie celebrated, are to be carried to New Orleans, and turned out of the service in an ignominious manner. We would humbly beg the commander in chief to show his clemency, by pardoning those unfortunate men, and reufitting the rust of their term >f punishment, setting them at liberty, and allowing them to remain among us. Nothing would, in our opinion. he a more appropriate act in celebration of peace, or more conducive to forgetfulness or the past, than th? exercise of the right of pardon towards these unfortunates, who would not have suffered had the war not taken place. They have suffered in our cause, and we think that no act ot grace that (ien Butler could exercise on leaving our soil would render his memory hall so grateful to .Mexicans as this. Should his F.xceilency read these lines, we hope he will be persuudod that they are the expression of the sentiments of every Mexican Heart. On the 24th of May, a bill was introduced into the Mexicau congress, by 8r. Orozco, providing, 1st, for the suppression of all general commands; 2d, for the division ot the armed force into the regular army and the National Guard; 3d, that the regular army shall consist of 10,000 men, including generals and the appropriate number of oflicers; 4th, that the regular army shall be stationed upon the frontier most likely to be menaced, and shall j attend only to the exterior security of the republic; 5th, that the officers who do "not remain on the | frontier with their commands, shall receive no pay; 6th, that the officers who are not sent to the frontier, shall not belong to the regular army; 7th, that the generals and officers shall be taken from among those who have distinguished themselves for their patriotism, valor, and military science ; 8th, that the National Guard shall attend to public safety in the interior; 9th, that in case of foreign invasion, Congress shall not have power to re-inf?>rcc the regular army from the National Guard; 10th, the regulations now in force shall apply to the National Guard ; 11th, that the Govrenors of the States, if they do not belong to the regular army, shall be ins|>ectors of the national militia: 12ih, that the gew/urmertf shall be entrusted with the charge of private security ; 13th, that the Legislatures of the iStater shall immediately organise the National Guard and the gendarmerie ; 14th, that one month after the publication of the law the regular army shall proceed to the frontier. A late number of the Gareta, contains a decree of the President of Mexico concerning Mexicun duties. By this decree it appears that on the cessation of the war, the Mexican tariff of the 4th ot October. 1845. will sro into nneration. nnd thn duties thereby imposed on imported goods are much higher than those collected during the time the ports were in possession of the American forces, some modification is necessary, in order that what may hereafter come in may be enabled to compete with loreign merchandise now in the market. He therefore orders that a reduction of 30 per cent tie made on all duties collected under the above mentioned tariff. From this rule will be excepted the duties of one per cent established by the law of the 31st of March, 1838, and that of two per rent on damaged goods, which must be paid in full. Vkka Ckuz, June 6.?By the mail from Mexico we have nothing of importance, except the prenaratio s which ure making foi the d-scent of the troops. The out-po-N aru called iu as rapidly as possible, and the division of (.ten. !'..tt r.-on was on ihe march to the coast, and will probably arrive in a shoit time. The troops from i)< /. ib and IVrote are hourly expected : an escort with the sick ind disabled nl Jalapa, has arrived, and is being embarked for New Orleans. Gen. Smith is in command, and we really find if a pleasant change. The immense number of troops, teams!-- and followers of the army ahout to leave for f. >me, will require an extraordinary quantity of transports, and it is to he hoped that the Quartermaster's !>? i'" T\? ? sufficient, and lu time, or the worst consequences in.iy be apprehended from the exposure of the troops coming down?the difference in the climate of the tabic land and this roasting nlace can only be appreciated by one who has tried both. Many of the regiments will, if permitted, go directly home to lloston, New York, Philadelphia, etc., without stopping at New Orleans; such, 1 learn, are the wishes of the officers and men, and it will undoubtedly be the best for all parties, as most of the troops if mustered out of service and paid off in New Orleans, will reach home with nothing but the glory they have won, if your yellow fever allows some of them to go at all. t)ur friends from Louisiana now in town are generally well. Some of them are not yet tired of the labor nnd excitement of service,nnd if they could be discharged here would, no doubt, take their chances against the Indians in Yucatan?after they get home it niuy bo a different nff.tir. Ily the bye, talking of Yucatan, you may inform the friends of that State, if it have any hi New Orleans, that if they will furnish the necessary outfit, a regiment could easi ly he raised in this city during the next month, to settle the war and the country. HkADQCANTCRI, Dr.PASTMKJCT OF VrSA CSCI, ) Mexico June 1, IMS S Order* No. 107.?Pursuant to Gencrsl Order* No. 102. from the Headquarters of the Army of Mexico. Brevet Brigadier General Persifor K Smith assumes coin in end of the Department of Vera Crux. No civil jurisdiction in judicial matter* will be hereafter exercised, except where the American artny or government t* interested; and all proceeding* already commenced will cease. Captain Winder, 1st Artillery, ss Lieutenant Governor, will remain charged with the maintalnance of the police of the city. Brevet Colonel | Henry Wilson, 1st Infantry, is placed In the immedl W YC fEW YORK, FRIDAY M ate command of all the troop* in and around the city. Uy order of General Smith. EARL VANDORN, A. D. C. Qi erktaro, May 29. 1848. In the Chamber of Deputies, to-day, the MinUter of Stale presented the general plan fur colonization, rejected on the 4th December. 1848, and a special law for colonizing the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Referred to the committee appointed on that subject. Senor Pacheco presented the following propositions : On the composition of the army and navy?concerning the public Necurity?expenses of the government? suppression of excises?reduction of convents, and abollshmeut of male novitiates. t^t'ERETsRo, May 30, 1848. It is now nine and a half o'clock at night, and it is ascertained thut llerrcra is elected by tile votes of eleven States, against five which cast their suffrages for Tria*. On the first ballot, Ilerrura bad 8 votes, Santu Anna 3. Trias 2, Pedraza 1, and Ocampo 1 So the Chamber proceeded to decide between Herrera aud Trias. Ilerrura received the votes of the following States : Ouansjuuto, Mexico, Michoacan. Oajaca, Puebla. t^ueretaro. San Luis, Tamaulipas. Vera Cruz, Jalisco, and the Federal district. Trias obtained the vote* of f hihuuhua, Coaliuila. Durango, Tab.-, So. and /acatecas. Herrera will enter upon tin discharge of his duties to-morrow. The treaty has been exchanged, and to-morrow the commissioners leave.l Citv ok Mexico, May 30,1848. To-day the division of Gen. Patterson left for the coast. Day after to-morrow the division of General Marshall will leave. Our commissioners were at Queretaro on the 28th. My correspondent writes me that there is no news there, and nothing more. 1 look for the return of our commissioners in the course of two or three days. Gen. Butler will start from here about Monday next, in eompany with Mr. Sevier. At the last accounts, Mr. Sevier was sick at Queretaro. The Yucatan expedition which was fitting out here, has been knocked in the head by Gen. llutler. It was an awful misfortune to the ''go ahead" of the army. Col. Bankheud will be in here this evening, from Orizaba, with all the troops, with the exception o( thirty or forty left to protect government property. A train arrived this morning from Jalapa. with sick soldiers. They are shipping for your city on board tlio ship America. The steamers Portland and Maria Burt arrived here yesterday from your oity. bringing dates of the 30th ult. The British steamer arrived last night. I am informed all the public property in the city of Mexico will be sold there. If a like course is pursued at this department, it will be a great loss to the government, as it will not bring within one-third of the price that would be had for the property in New Orleans Gen Smith is well, and as active as oould be oxpected. He dresses very like Jacob Barker, and is not unlike him in stature, but his countenance is now fresh, and of a youthful appearance to that of Barker's. Capt. J. J. Clendenin, A. Q. M., has been relieved by Capt. Thos. M. Gleason, and J. M. lleeves. Agent Quartermaster's Department. Capt. Clendenin has many friends at this place, and his departure will be much regretted by those who know him. and the government will sustain a great loss in 1< sing the services of Capt. C. I understand he intonds to resign, after his accounts with the government are settled. El Si^lo Diez y Nucve, u newspaper in the city of Mexico, which suspended its publication at the approach of our army to that city, has made its reappearance. Referring to the election of Ilerrera, the correspondent of El Si^lo says that if Ilerrera accepts the nomination, he will, at least, ask leave of absence for a short time. Report of men who died in the general hospital during the half month ending May 31st, 1848:? Regulars.?Died?Privates, John Straber, recruit, 8th Inf.; k. Schmoll. recruit, 4th Inf.; W. J. Valentine. 4th Inf.; Samuel Woodward, 3d Inf.; Casper Keinhart, Voltigeurs; John Donoboe, Vol.; VV. J. Creiger, recruit, Hlh Ini.; James McBrlde. recruit, 2d inf.; Hardy Jones, Company C. 12th Inf.; Charles Lookwood, recruit. 3d Inf. ; Charles G. Wildes, recruit, 3d inf.; Devi Blackuian. recruit, 6th Inf.; 1'. Milison, recruit, bth inf. We copy the following account of a dreadful catastrophe in Vera Cruz, on the 3d inst., front the f-Yee American:? One of the most dreadful catastrophos that we ever witnessed, occurred in Company street, almost opposite our office, yesterday morning. At about 10 o'clock, a tremendous noise was heard, resembling the report ol a cannon, or the explosion of a bomb, and a shook was felt like thut occasioned by an earthquake. Our first idea was to rush out to the street to ascertain what bad happened, and what an awful sight presented itself to our view ! The house next to the coruer of haguntlla and Company streets, presented a heap ot ruins. A great many persons, who came from all directions of the city, immediately commenced to search in the ruins for the unfortunate beings who were buried under them. No less than thirteen dead bodies, including men. women, and one or two children, wero found Several persons were taken out still nlivc. but their bodies were so mangled that some of them will bo crippled for life. Attached to this house there was an open yard, where fandangos or balls were often given; and we understand that preparations had been made to give one last night. Many of the unfortunate women who no unexpectedly met a death, were probably preparing themselves for this amusement. The terrible accident was caused by the explosion of powder. It seems that an individual residing in one of the lower apartments of the house, was in the habit of selling powder and cartridges, in contravention of the ordinances. We were also told that a man was seen making cartridges in this house yesterday, having, at the same time, a segar in his mouth; that he was warned by a friend of the danger to which ho exposed himself by this imprudence, but that he paid no attention to it. Great credit is due to the Quartermaster, fur promptly seudiug the laborers in his employ to aid the people who had voluntarily oommenced the work. The officer of the day, Capt. White, and of the guard. Lieut. Young, as well as the men under their conmand, and the police, aro entitled to the thauks of the citizens for their early arrival on the spot, and their lucnessful exertions iu keeping ordvr and preventing confusion. We understand that Gen. P. F. Smith had just passed by the house whore the accident occurred, and was within a few steps of it. The shock occasioned by the explosion was so severe that he foil to the ground, receiving, however, no injury. Passesocrs pen Ohio Helek. Collins, prom Vf.ra Crux.?Lieuts. j. F. Gilmer, F. B. Tower, M Harrison. B. S. Alexander. G. B. UtCUUu, U. S. B.j Dr. Thomas A. McParlln. in charge of 65 sick from the general hospital, Veia Crus. interesting account of the movements of tiie l'eace commissioners. rCorresnondence of the New Orleans Picavune 1 (Qikrktaro, May 30, 1848. The Commissioners left the city of Mexico on the '22d inst., early in the morning, and arrived here on the afternoon ol the 2i>th, having made the journey?about one hundred and tifty miles?in lege than four day* 1'hejr were escorted by n company of the Rifles and me of the 3d Dragoon*, the former commanded by Capt. I'orter and Lieut. Palmer, aud the latter by Capt Jenifer and Lieut*. Moore and lllood. Major Poik h!though suffering aeverely from oliills and fever when he Commissioners left Mexico, came in command of the escort, and his health was re-established on the road. Lieut. Divver, of the 3d Dragoous. aotcd as (Quartermaster an < Commissary; Lieut. Dorn, of the -ante regiment, as Adjutant, and Dr. Keyburu. of New Orleans, as burgeon to the Commissioners and the escort. Capt. Blauding. of the South Carolina Volunteers. aud Mr. Johnson, an attache of the Commission, arcompi nied the party, together with the Messrs. Hiirgoue. of Vera Cruz aud New York, through whom, it is presumed, the money to be paid by our government to that of Mex co is to pass. The men composing the escort were all picked, and might challenge the world to a comparison of soldierly appearance and high discipline The officers, too. are all gentlemen of tine intelligence and do honor to the army as its representatives. On the read, where American troops had never been seen before, at every stopping place the people, urged by curiosity, gathered round the command, and it was amusing to witness the expression of wonder in their faces as they beheld the American horses?one of which is as large as two ot theirs. But little of interest occurred on the road. The Commissioners were every where recoived with politeness; and, whenever they stopped at haciendas of the wealthy, with hospitality. The country, take it as a whole from Mexico to IQucretaro, is the fiuest I have seen in Mexico, Willi the exception of the valley of Orizaba, and is generally highly cultivated t'oru Is the staple production and it t? not unenniinon to ?ee fields of from five hundred to a thousand acres; hut with that ignorance of the principles of agriculture which pervad s nearly all Mexico, the same field is planted with corn year after year for ten or twelve years, and the tact that good crops are still grown, attest the richness of the soil. This city Is about two thousand feet lower than Mexico, and tho desceut. though the country is rather undulating than otherwise, is regular With a few exceptions water is sufficiently abundant for irrigation Korthe first forty or fifty miles, the eauil by whieli the water of Lake Sau Cristobal is carried from the vHlley of Mexico into the Rio Tula, a branch of the Paulino. together with the Tula it*elf, water* the eounftry; anil, during the remainder of the journey, where living stream* wore wanting, wo found immouxe tank*, or reservoirs. fi>r preserving the rain water, and these frequently cover space* of forty, sixty and eighty acre*: Tula and San .Juan del Rio are the only town* on the road worth noting The river of the same name run* by the former town, and a considerable stream (another b anch of the Tanuco) by the latter. Both town* are very neat, and eaeh ha* a population of about, four thou*and The plaza*. or public squares, are surrounded by shade tree*, and more than ordinary Mexican taste i* displayed In the adornment ?f hoth town*. Two haclendA*. at which we stopped?one named La (Joleto, and the other Aroyasoca ? elicited general admiration. The ground* were finely cultivated, and an extensive view of corn, wheat and barley fields?the first well grown, and the latter ripened to that golden hue, so frequently the theme of poets, gladdened tho eyes of those of the party having a taste for rural life. IRK I ORNING, JUNE 23. 1848 I Captain Wyse. (an American, formerly au officer of the .Mexican Navy.) who acted a* guide all(j aM pUr. I veyor te the Commissioner*. on tlie morning we left i San Juan del Kio, canie very nearly being killed, with two dragoon*, by robber*. Wo were warned at San Juan, which was the la.-t place wo stopped at beforo arriving at the city, to be on tuo took out for robbers; but ('apt. Wy*e. disregarding thu caution, proceeded I with the two dragoon* in advauce of the command, to order breakfast at Aroytsoea. and when about two mile* from the town eight < r ton r< bbers rushed from an ambush, with their arms cov' ^! ml attempted to I seise the bridle* of Captain Wym and the dragoon*. I The captain und the men were unprepared with their | weapons, and fell back upon the ooiumand, and as they retreated, the robber* all fired upon tbem, bnt fortunately missed. The same day we learned that the passenger, in the stage going from (|ueretarn to ; Mexico, and those in the stage coming from Mexico, 1 were robbed of every thing they had by this party. , I One of the robbers 1 ad the strap of a Mexican ofllcer I on hi* shoulder, and as some of the inhabitants of Sun | i Juan predicted the ouDtain would be robbed, we bad I every reason to believe he was an officer. It ie not ! uncommon for Moxicau officers, and others In this 1 | country who style themselves respectable, when froiu gambling their fortunes become desperate, to take to the road until they obtain sufficient to return attain to the motile table. About five miles from this city the Commissioners were met by a Mexican escort of sixty lancers, commanded by ( apt. Don Luis I'oztillu. The moment the carriage iu which the Commissioners were was in sight, Don Luis M. do Herrera. Adjutant Oenoral of the Mexioan Army, and Col. Almonte, brother of the exMinlster to Washington, dashed forward to receive them. The American escort advanced, and passing the Mexican escort at a present, formed on the right. The Mexican treops then took the advance which they kept into the city. Nothing can he more beautiful, at a distance, than the appearance of those Mexiuun lancers Their uniform near is gaudy, but when seen from afar, combinod with the tri-colored pennon fluttering from the lance, their appearance is picturesque iu the extreme. As the procession -i.il the city, wo found several carriages on the road, silled with the most respectablo part of the population, waiting to witness our entrance, and perhaps still more curious to see American troops. The streets through which the Commissioners and the troops moved were filled with spectators ; and not only the streets, but the doors, the galleries and the house-tops. The Commissioners found a house prepared for them and their suite, and the officers and men were comfortably quartered by night. During the night some stones were thrown at the men. and for a time it was feared that a collision would take place between our troops and the people, but the forbearance of the men and the precautions taken by the officers, prevented it. and since all has been quiet. Major I'olk, the day after our arrival, reported to the goverument. through the Commissioners, this belligerent conduct on the part of the people, aud he received assurances of the protection of the army und government, but it was confessed that the population were hostile to the Americans, and a request was made that every possible measure would be taken to prevent a collision. The oity ot Quuretaro is net seen from the road until you arrive within about two miles of it, when it lays at your feet, as you stand on the summit of a steep bill.? Ahead, as far as the eye can roach, extonds a beautiful plain, thirty or forty miles wide, enclosed by two ranges of low mountains. The city is built on the only elevated spot to he seon on the plain, and oontalns a population variously estimated at thirty, forty and fifty thousand. I n the timo of the Spaniards, it was a flourishing and wealthy city, but now. like most Mexioan cities, it bears the evidences of rapid decay. In Mexico and Puebla, decidedly the most prosperous cities 1 have seen in the country, you will find frequently four or flvo families in a house, but here you rarely find more than one. and numbers of the houses In the suburbs are entirely tenantless. Rubio owns a cotton factory, one of the most extensive in the country, within about two miles of the city, iu which between three and four thousand hands are employed. They have exoellent water here, owing to the muniflconce of a Spaniard, tho Marquis de Viladil. who, eutirely at his own expense. brought water into the city ftoin a spring twelve miles distant. For about lu miles.through the highlands, the water is breught through a tunnel, and the reraaiu der of the distance it passes through a splendid aqueduct, the arches of which are from ninety to a hundred feet high. This work was constructed previous to the revolution. Viladil. not content with constructing the work at his own cost, before his death presented to the city an extensive estate, the proceeds of which he willed I should be appropriated to keeping the aqueduct in repair. When Santa Anna was on his return from Ituenn Vista to Mexico, he sold this estate as public property. giviDg as an excuse that the exigencies of the country demanded the sale of all such property. Rubio was tlie purchaser, und as soon as Santa Anna lost power, the people of the city threatened to tear down tlie factory, unless the property was given up and the proceeds appropriated as designed by the douor. On the 20th, the Commissioners were visited by the priuclpal members of the Cabinet, and the same day they visited the President and presented their credentials. You will find herewith their speeches on the occasion. I havo endeavored to obtain the speech of Pena y Pena in reply, but up to this time have been unsuccessful. On the 127th. accompanied by Mr. Clifford and Rosa, the officers of the escort and the citizens who accompanied tho Commission, were, by invitation, presented to the President. They were received in a very plainly, indeed I may say meanly furnished room in a private house, near the suburbs of the city. Pena y Pena. and all the civil officers of his government, were present, among whom was Anaya, as well as Rosa, dressed in simple style; but at the very threshold of hlB house was a military guard, and at the entrance of his chamber stood a sentinel, showing what a mockery is republicanism in Mexico. The manner of introduction was the same as among ourselves. The President stood up as each gcn'ieman was introduced to him. and shook hauds. The int"Mu<-tion* over, all sat down. Rosa and Mr. Clifford < n t !i?- right of tho President. andjAnaya and Major Polk on his left. Some ten or fifteen minutes were then consumed in conversation, when the whole party left. Tho conversation was chiefly between Mr. Clifford and Major Polk and the President, and was expressive, on bolh sides, of felicitations on the prospect of a speedy peace, and the hope of long harmony between the two countries.! A delay lias taken place in the exchange of ratifications in consequence of the national seal being in Mexico, which the Mexican authorities declare in ocssary to affix to the treaty. It was sent for by express, and. having been received, the treaty will be sigued al 7 o'clock this evening. The Commissioners have today been endeavoring to obtain permission for our cavalry and artillery to leave the country by way of San Luis Potosi and Saltillo. hut it has been refused in the most positive manner, and no portion of the army will be allowed to go from tho interior through any other port than Vera Cruz, or some one iu its immediate viciuity. Tlie Commissioners will leave for Mexico tomorrow. Mr. Clifford, as I have already informed you. will remain as Minister. General Butler will go to Vera Cruz with Mr. Sevier, whose delay in Mexico will be very short. There are in this city and its vicinity 2,500 to 3.000 troops, and the place is filled with Mexican officers The intercourse between them and our officers lias been most agreeable. They have dined each other, aud vied In courtesies. At the table the Mexican officers toast Washington, Taylor and Scott, anil our officers return the oompliuient by drinking to Hidalgo and Victoria and Santa Anna At any t'lji* 't is difficult for a Mexican to restrain his vain . r it when under the inlluence of wine the gvi .it r n'";i *r become utterly disgusting. '1 hey ull have badges, one for I'alo Alto and Resaca, another for Monterey, again one for Buena Vista, and others lor some one or all of the battles on the other line. Our officers would politely inquire for w'?at these decorations were worn, and then they would bear of deeds of valor which won them that would put the ''Old Guard"' to the blush As well as I can learn, there are about one thousand deserters, or men whose terms of service in tho Ameri can army expired previous t? their leaving it. enrolled in the Mexican army Those who were iu this city, nearly two huudrnl. wero removed eighteen or twenty miles on our approach, but we daily meet men in soldier's garb I n tne streets whom we know, by their faces, ta bo from the American army. They eannot now be touched, of course. Tile remainder of the band are at San I.uis Totosi. Guanajuato and Guadalajara. These men have been the preservers of I'etia y I'ena from revolution. The Mexican soldiers and citizens have the greatest fear of theiu. and at one time, when the government was threatened by the population of this city with uestruction. these two hundred deserters stationed hem suppressed the insurrection. They are paid higher and f*r more regularly than the Mexican troops, and have stuck by Peua y Pcna throughout. If the Mexican government has not the sense to keep these men scattered through the country in small bodies, they will yet be a curse to it. for a thousand of them would terrify ton thousand Mexican troops Half-Past 7. I' .V ?The treaty has just been signed by Rosa aud the Commissioners, and pcuce is made. I) S.. The following are the addresses alluded to in lite letter of our correspondent, both translated from the Spanish :? ADDRESS OF THE THE IT. S. COMMISSIONERS, UPON THEIR PRESENTATION AS MINISTERS PLENIPOTENTIARY To THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC. Sia ? We have coine hither to present to yon onr credentials as Commissioners of the United States for the exchange of ratifications of the treaty signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo, with the modifications made in Washington by the Senate. The Mexican Congress having approved the treaty as modified, all that is wanting for the complete re-establishment of peace bet wesn the two countries, is the exchange of ratifications. We sincerely congratulate you upon this auspicious result, and we shall ever have reason for the most grateful recoll?ctions. as we havo been in a inessure the instruments of accomplishing It. Your Kxcellenry may he assured that the wishes of the United States are for the prosperity of Mexico, and that they well know that in this prosperity their own j Interests are deeply Involved May the two countries, like sister republics, ever maintain the most friendly relations; in both msy liberal institutions flourish by means of mutual i- , is. so that both may reach that height of national groai u?s*. whose foundation stone Is intelligence, education and virtue, and that in their elevation they may serve as a beacon light In the pathway of popular enfranchisement. In which the nations of the civilized world are now struggling and advancing with new vigor and unbounded hope. rri n A M. JEM MMi jf5L ? Sincerely animated by these *?ntirneut*. we have the honor of placing our credential* in your handH REPLY OK HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT. Oc*ti.cmii?-With the greatest satisfaction. I have rooeivnd from your hands the credential* which you have presented for the exohange of ratification* of the treaty signed in the city of Guadalupe Hidalgo, >< th the modification* made in Washington by the Senaie, which treaty ha* just received the appreval of the Mexican Congress. I owe yon the most expressive thanks for the sentiments of friendship and good will which you have manifested toward* the Mexican Republic, in it* name I assure you that, these sentiments are completely reciprocated, and that as Chief Magistrate of the Republic. I desire nothing more ardently thon that our treaty uiay become the immutable basis of that constant harmony and good understanding which should cordially prevail between two republics, in order that they may be prosperous, powerful and respected in the . general society of nation*. SANTA ANNA. VVe learn from Senor Carena, that it is the universal expectation and belief of the Mexicans, that 1 Santa Anna will return to Mexico, as soon as our , ariny leaves the country. Those who have incur- ; red the hostility of this powerful chief, are looking to a division of the country into independent republics, as the only thing that can save them from the evils of a continuation of his oppressive and corrupt rule. Hence their eagerness to forward the Sierra Madre movement, which it is expected will include nearly all the prominent chiefs of the liberal or Federal party in the North of Mexico. ALMONTE. _ This distinguished Mexican is about to visit the u nitea states wiui nts iamuy ; ana win prooamy take up his permanent residence in the city of New Orleans, where he spent much of his youth, and acquired much of the valuable information he possesses. He has lost all his popularity in Mexico, and is thoroughly disgusted with the country. Almonte is considerably ahead of his countrymen in light and information, and will, no doubt, feel much more at home in New Orleans, at his old trade of selling hardware, than in dealing with the impracticable races of Mexico. ? N. O. Delta June 13. AFFAIRS IN YUCATAN. Advices have reached Havana from Merida to the 27tk ult. They were much more encouraging to the friends of humanity in the peninsula. The Yucatecos had attacked the Indians on several detached points, and their success was signal. At Cililan, the latter had been driven from their entrenchments, and pursued a league, and a half into the interior. At Laguna the endemic fever, peculiar to that spot, was making great ravages. The city of Merida is crowded witli fugitives from the country, of whom there arc three times more women than men, and more than half are in a state of poverty and infirm health. It is stated that 2000 men, of tne Indian race, living in the environs of Campeachy, have offered their services to the government to fight against the insurrectionists. THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA MADItE. The New Orleans Delta says, that Don Jose FG. Carena had arrived in that city for the purpose of procuring a printing press and the necessary materials, to commence at Tampico the publication of a journal devoted to the establishment of a republic of Sierra Madre. The Delta learns from Senor Carena, that the plan which has been concocted and agreed upon at Tampico, embraces the States of Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, and parts of the States of Vera, Cruz and i'uebla, with an invitation to.the adjacent States to join in the movement. The Delta thinks that many of the Mexicans are ripe for the movement, and tnat all they will need to insure success will be the aid of some of ourgallant volunteers and a supply of ammunition, and suggest that there will be a force of at least 4000 American soldiers in the new republic, as soon as it is jiroclaimed, ready to take a part in its defence and organization. ARMY tNTKr-MOENCH. The America reports ship Russia, Capt. Rantiford, sailed from 4 era Cruz on the 4th inst., for tins port, with a detachment of N?w York Volunteers, under the command of Lieut. C. It. l'erry.? N. (J. Delta of 1 Uli. The following named vessels left this port last evening for Vera Cruz, chartered for transporting troops to this port; ships Savates and Timoleon, hark Florida and brig Othello. The U. 8. steamship Massachusetts and the steamer Fanny also sailed for the same purpose.?N. U. Pic. of 15th. News from Texas. The Grand Jury of Galveston having instituted inquiry into the conduct of Judge Watrous, of the United States District Court, against whom charges had been made, declare that they have lull confidence in his ability, integrity, and impartial spirit?and that they regret the inconsiderate course of the members of the late Legislature of Texas, in the passage of joint resolutions, requesting the judge of that district to resign his office, and do n t approve of either their tone or their obiect. Dr. H.numlein, an old resident of Galveston, died on the 4th inst. The Ntirs says that the whole face of the country of Texas is rapidly improving, and villages are springing up in what was a wilderness a few years ago. A salute of thirty guns was fired at Galveston on receipt of the news that the treaty of peace had been ratified. A mnn named Cronkrite was killed by a person named Paxon,at Lagrange Jast month, under the following circumstances:?Cronkrite kept a hotel last winter in Lagrange; Paxton, who is a merchant and was one of his boarders, became, it is said, excessively fond of Cronkrite's wife, in consequence or which Cronkrite parted Irom her a short time -ince, and went off. Ilia recent appearance at Lagrange waa to obtain revenge, making threats against Paxton'a life. It was under these circumstances I'axton sought a private opportunity and shot him. I'axton gave himself up, waa taken into custody, and discharged by the examining court. II. W. Wagner has been appointed by Hta Excellency the Governor, to translate the Constitution, and a selection of the general laws of the State into the German language, for the purpose of publication. Western Texns continues very healthy. Crons of every kind very fine?though a good rain would be of niaterial service to the late plantings of corn. Capt. Conner returned to Galveston on Wednesday last, having, uuderthe direction of the Governor, followed the party of Comanches who recently visited this city under the chief Santa Anna, to their main camp on the Salado, and from thence above the line of posts. Capt. C.. agreeably to his excellency's instructions, visited all the settlements near which the Indians passed, and lound that with the exception of the potty pilfering committed ahout some of the farm-houses, that no depredation had been committed. From appearances at their main encampment, it is judged there were at least 700 Indians in all, having with them near 1000 head of horses. The ostensible objeet of their visit was, as stated in our last, to pursue and kill bufiido, large herds of which are ssid to be much lower down the country than is usual at this season of the year; but what might have been the result bad the Indians been allowed to remain below the line and in the neighborhood of the set tlemenis, is nam to ten. i tie governor, we iiiiiik, acted with great prudence in promptly ordering them hark; and judging from the alacrity with which they " milled up stakes," after Ins excellency intimated to thent that an escort would be furnished to conduct thein sale to their own range, it is not likely that tile settlements will he honored with another visit from the big chief and his party again. The followingis a list of the ranging companies, tiicir stations, mid the captains in command on the frontier of Texas:?Captain Fit/hugh's company on the east fork of Trinity, with a detachment Ik) miles above, near Red river. Captain Johnson's company, west fork of Trinity, detach- i mcntlk) miles below on Chambers'Creek. Captain Conner's company on the Navasoto, between the Hrnzns and Trinity. Captain Ross, at Waco Village, detachment on the Leon, Ik) miles distant. Captain McCulloch, Hamilton's Valley, W) miles north of Austin. Captain 11 lghsmith's company, on a fork of the Sandy, IS miles from Fredericksburg, near the " Enchanted Rock." Captain Crump, on the Medina, 20 miles south of San An- ! tonio. Captain Gillett, on Aroyo Suco, fiO miles i southwest of Snn Antonio. Captain Veatch, on 1 I the Rio Grande, above the Presidio crossing. | Captain Lamar, at Laredo, on the Rio Grande. ! Captain Sutton, near San Patricio, on the Nueces; | detachment at Corpus Chnsti. i t iFrum the Galveston News.) Two yeurs and a half since we travelled the 1 country from Seguin to New Hraunfels, San An- ' tonio, and other interior towns. There was not ' then a single settler on the Cibnlo, nor eonld one I ' he found on the whole route from Snn Antonio to < New Hraunfels, nor from the latter place to Aus- ! ? tin. A gentleman just from New Hraunfels, where j < he has resided ever since that town was built, in- , 1 forms us that all this country is now scattered over I ' with small, but flourishing and prosperous farms. J ' . j_ Two Cents* TheCibolo, ami other streams in the vicinity of .San Antonio, are tilled up with continuous scttlnnients. New iirniiiifels lias more than doubled in nue, and the Guadalupe below, to Seguine, ia covered with many small and some pretty large plantations, cultivated by negroes. The town of Fredericksburg, on the PieroenaleH, has also greatly increased; and the surrounding country in said to tw tilled with an industrious population of <ferman farmers. Settlements have been made still higher upon the Llano and San Saba, and all of them a-: j prosperous and undisturbed by Indians. We are glad to learn that the German colonists there have this year planted an abundance of corn, which, in many instances, is the first agricultural experiment ever made in that region. This crop is remarkably fine, and far exceeds the eX|>ectations of the etnigruiits. They have had fine seasons of rain, and the corn is now so nearly matured that it is out of all danger from drought. The same is also the case in Castro's Colony, on the Medina. There are three or four settlements of the German Communists on the Llano, numbering nearly Ane linn area, wuo are sum to oe very intelligent antl enterprising ; they are mustly young men. At pre- ', sent they huve no women among Utem. In 18a), the whole cotton crop of Texas was about 5<X) bales ; from that time to 1835, it had increased to between 3<XX) and 1000 bales. In 1K10, it amounted to about 8000 bales, since which time there have been three seasons of nearly a total failure, ?me occasioned by heavy rains, and two by the worm or caterpillar. The crop of '46 amounted to about 8000 bales, which was probably not more than half an average crop. The crop of '47. allot which has not yet reached our market, wtll exceed 40,000 bales. This shows an increase of about 884 per cent per annum for the last eight years. In these statements we omit altogether th? crop of Eastern Texas, which has been snipped by way of lied River to New Orleans, and the amount of which has been estimated variously, some even making it equal to the whole crop of all the rest ol Texas. It is necessary here to remark that the aggregate of our cotton crop has been diminished, by the increased attention paid to sugar, to the amount of 2000 or 3000 bales; and the same cause is likely to operate more effectually in future as a check upon the increase of cotton. Sugar has been made in Texas to a very limited extent, and for domestic uses for many years ; but no mills for manufacturing it us an article for market or export, have been introduced till very recently. The first export of sugar was about 80 hhds., of the crop of 1846. Of the crop of last, vear (1847), the export has amounted now to 600 nhds., which will be increased to about 600. The whole of that crop does not vary much from 2000 hhds.. so that about 1400 find a market at home. Full naif of that cron was probably destroyed by the early frost last fall. This year the production, with a (avertible season, will amount to at least 5000 hhds., and probably more ; and the amount will increase probably full 50 per cent per year for some years to come. Letter from Major Jack Downing. On i10akd the Two Pol.li en, at anchor, ) off Baton Rouob, 16th June, A. D., 1848 j My old friend?My last letter tell'd you all about my arrival hero with Capt. Jumper, where we oome from, and how we got here, and why we come here, and how kiudly was our reception by "Old Zau." and that for nigh upon three days there warn'ta stroke of work done on any plantation for more than ten miles round, and I do raly believe If 1 and Lapt. Jumper hadn't threatened to lift anchor and quit unless they want to work upon the cotton crop, our visit would have bean as bad for the crop as a visit of catterpiliars. miy ui*iur? jr^ntwrimy ^ui. lue ucwbui iuh uumuiH' tion at fhiladelphin?and It seem'd to me tb? hull Mississippi whh willing to run up as well as down stream. K.very livin critter along here look d as happy as if they had juat struck a trail after being lost in the woods for a week?the steamboats, too, goiug up and down the river made signals to one another?and all creation seem'd to know it as quick as Squire Morse could tell It on his lightning wires?and they would sheer up along side of the Two follies, and cheer like all possess'd. Capt. Jumper warn't slack. I tell you?and no gall going to get married ever look'd Oner than the Two Pollies?and that four-poiiuder kept it up from daylight to dark, till some folks began to think ( apt. Uragg's battery was on board - and tho' I don't like to say It. yet 1 must say it was the Orst I ever know'd Capt. Jumper to show that he took a leetle something itrouger that Mississippi water. I thought it best to mention this, because the Captain has got a notion that I was a leetle so myself, anil this Is the only way 1 can account for his mistake ?however, its all right now. and if folks make any bother about It. it may be well to tell theni that Capt. Jumper makes it a piut wherever he goes, to mix his New Knglaud with the water of the country'? he culls it his Union driuk. and I must say that a leetle New Knglnnd in a glass of Mississippi water does nary one on 'euinny harm?and say what they may about it, I never know'd the time yet that when you put ever so little rale New Kngland into any water of any river In the Union, no matter bow far West or how far South it runs, that you don't find it somehow alters the taste of ' the water and in a little while folks can't tell the difference betwixt the Mississippi aud the Penobscot?and if that aint union. I don't know what is. Yesterday we had our ratification mcetin', and It lasted putty much all day?part of the time on shore, but mos^f the time on board the Two Tollies. The mineral came on board by appintment at 12 o'clock, to pay his respects to me and Captain Jumper ?it was the tir?t time he was on the deck of the Two follies? and when Captain Jumper took him by the bund and attempted to begin the address that ho end 1 set up putty nigh all night riting out. the Captain's heart was so full he blubberd right out like a child? ana yei, ne warn i mgnienu a nil?ior 11 nny uinerai Taylors liad attempted to come on board a* enemies, I do raly believe Captain Jumper would ben willing to try his hand alone in tttiug 'em otf; but there he stood, "baking the Uineral's hand, and trying to get a start in the address, but could not; aud then I tried it?but it was no use. I never saw Captain Jumper melted down before?anal that made me feel no wamblecrapt I could not Nay a word. And then the Oineral. he tried his hand at our answer ; but he was about as bad oil as both on us. lie look'd up?aud then he saw the old stripes and starx. aud E I'luribui Unuin waving at the mart-head?then he looked at me and then at Captain Jumper?aud then looked round about at the Two I'ollies -and it was too much for any Uvin mortal to say anything?and if be had tried it no one could hear him. for there was more than twenty steamboats all round, some bound down and some bound up the river, but all having heard of the ratification meeting, had stopt alongside the Two i'ollies?lettin off steam ? and crowds of folks humming jist as if good times had come and never could git crooked agin?so there wan no uso to try any addresses. Hut Captain Jumper's address is all written out, and is just as good as if he had delivered it?and the (Jineral told me lie had his answer all written down, too. and would give me a copy on t. I will send you both in my next. The Two I'ollies will remain here till the Oineral in ready to begin the grand tower. The plan is as I told you iu my last to go up the Mississippi, and enter the Illinois river ami go up that till wo reach the new canal that goes to Chicago- that glorious enterprise puts tbo Two follies in Lake Michigan, and than she tl can go putty much all over the Western creation? M and after that come down the Krie canal to the Hud son river, or pans down by Niagara Kail- through fl llie < auada Canals and so on tw (Quebec, and then to H Salt water, and ho along shore all along down Kast H looking in at roost places coastwise t 11 we get to the H Oulf of Mexico, aud up the Mississippi again till we rraofe this place and if that wont be a tower that will make iutnrnal enterprise folks feel pleased I dont know what will l apt. Jumper is desperately tickled at the notion of making (iineral I ass a visit at Detroit. and thinks Oen. ( ass will be much pleased to Had til t, in spite of constitutional srruples. The two follies ean make (hi* trip by the aid of internal enterprize?but the captain's wonder is what on airth there is in the conststution that prohibits the ntiou from aiding tlie people in their enterprize in opening cbannels of oommunioation 'O that the two follies could go pretty much everywhere and visit all leading pints >f the 1 iiion. for this could be done with less expense than the war with Mexico will cost, and quite as con-lilulional too?but the captain will talk this matter over on the way, and when we get to Detroit, tien. ass will be able to tell him what the constitution Is about such matters,? and wby it Is that aloug the shores l"""r '"'goij '??" ?">- ?! lioiifil right in ninkr harbors for our own folk*, an for nil creation along our n It water coast?all these matIWlttl ? ptala in limllWlllllj plUlM about -ami tinr? he ban taken tin* notion to inake thin ii.tarnal royaga ho ban bean studying th.< constitution putty counidcrable and ran Hint out yet why It is that thla 1'vi-rlantinn big country can't have an much rare taken of Its Intamal an itn extariinl inl?rent?lor the captain ha a a notion if thin country in rightly dug out ?no that all ssadi M'l can be brought into communlcation?it will come nigher K Pltirihtu f/uuai than all the speeches in Congress can brink it. The ''Two Pnllien " la in good trim?and tight an a new barn?Captain Jumper in <apital pluck, aud it ^^B nermn to ins if all our folks want to nee g?od tunea they ^^B will keep an eye to our log-book and net their watcbea ^^B by our time?and if we don't make nuthlug of deuil- ^^B (oguen and rancally ]mrty folkn liefore thin tower endn, ^^B jiy 11 sine aint J. DOWNING, Major,kc ke. ^^B Ship Canal Ackow Florida.?The beautiful iroject of constructing a canal across Floret*, is mid to be impracticable. Gen Bernard and Major PouHiun, ill' n in the service of the United States, ^^B indertook the survey in lS2li, and made their deailed report in WJ!), from which they conclude ^^B hat (here being no i>ort on the count ot Florida, on he side of the Gull of Mexico, into which vessels Ir.iwmc more than ei^lr teei ot w iter can enter. tnd the ridge ot Florida baring an nrartga bcigbt it one hundred and twenty feet, and there being 10 means of supplying watar at the summit level, i ship canal aeron^ Florida impracticable.?JV. H I). Vrttccnt, Jwnt M </i.