Newspaper of The New York Herald, December 6, 1848, Page 1

T II NO. 5299. mmm edition. INTELLIGENCE TO 1 HE LATEST MOMENT RECEIVED BY fClcctrlc Telegraph, UxpreH ami tile Alalia, AT THfc NEW YORK HERALD OFFICE. New York, December (5?1 o'clock P. II. Arrival of the Britannia. The steamer Britannia was telegraphed from Boa' A 11 . 1 _1. il : Tl _ 1 _ I 1 iuu iti ii t aui:n ui s illuming, inc iicwbib lUJ^a for with a good de tl of interest, and will be publiahed n our three o'clock ed lion, should it be received in time?if not, in an Ext) a Herat J goon hereafter. THIRTIETH CONMKES9. SECOND SESSION. In Senate. Washington, Monday. Dee. 4,1848. How biilliant is this morning's ran! The bteur.o. how soft and bland1 The d?y Is liVe a summer's day Ljkju a wintry Und. Ti e uvtrLuo is tnrnnged all through With people glad and gay. From North and South, and East and West, A)1 ripg'd ont In their Sunday's best? For Cot gross meets today. Brilliant oriental morning. The gold sifters on the Sacramento have i-ci-r fly a more nacramentai sunsh'ne. I.ike the ancient Romans. we bail tbn visitation as an omen? we ball It u a sign that there is "a good time ooming." Half-Past 11, A. M.?The Senate Chamber is olean, and ready for business. Respectable visitation of oitlzen s and strangers in the guilt-Ties. Korty Senators present on the floor below. We had the honor of thaking most ot ihema hearty welcome Whigs and democrats all appear to be equally delighted at the re-union and the general result, excepting Mr Cameron, of Ftnnsjlvania. who oannot be persuaded that the Iocs cf Pennsylvania is a thing to joke about. "Tom Corwin rcceivts the condolence and congratulations of his friends on every side?'-Oh, no. you did sot meet with success; but you did more, you deserved it, and you are looking mighty well " ' Ah ! Governor Mttealfe, you here? Well, I suppose Kenlucky wins tbu banner. How is Mr Clay?" " Getting better?oh, 1 hope we shall have him ft long time with us yet." " Ah ! Mr. Hale, how goes free sail? John Van Buren says that Cass hurt toe regular nomination in New York. How was it in New Hampshire?" " We did better than we ezpeoted all over the Union?never were our prospects better than now. What will the new President do for California?" Senators are gathered into clusters of twos, threes, sizes, tens, or a dozen, exchanging salutations. " Ah ! how d'ye do, Judge Butler, how d'ye do. Glad to see you. Looking remarkably well." " Col. Benton, how are ^ you? Vresh as the morning, Colonel, and welcome as the flowers of May." " Ah ! thank you. thank you; .glad to shake y ou by the hand. This has a look of business, sir; a business complexion, Kir." How are yoo, Mr. Dickinson? Suppose yon did the best that the " noise and confusion" would allow; but "circumstances" were against you." (Ha! ha ! ha!) 'Ah. General Houston, on the ground 1 see? hearty as an old hunter, and yonng as a man of thirty " The General wears a ring with a raven en?raved |i pon the seal, and over the bird the motto, "In ime." It refers to an incident at the battle of San Jacinto Gen. Ruskhas a similarring, both presented by the republic of Tesa*, we believe. Gen. Houston says the motto of the ring is his motto-always making it a point to be " in time." One of the most pleasing soenes we have ever witnessed was the meeting In the Senate ohamber. this morning, between Col. Benton and Judge Butler. Whether both parties regarded your reporter as having acted somewhatofficiously in the matter of their misunderstanding last summer, in assuming to interfere with ? IU< uicuinwiuu vi vuv i?w, nc toic uuv uww w omj. t They both received ub eerdially, and we had the pleaV rare, while standing In their presence, to wttnese the most cordial expressions of regret and reconciliation between tbem. Frank and generous u the man is known to be, was the cordiality of Mr. Butler, while that of Mr. Benton was equally cordial and conciliating. It was a ebake of ibe hand, accompanied by tbore agreeable Interchanges of friendly salutation*, which are as| effective aa an expunging resolution In removing a blot from the journal. However our interposition may have been, by the parties iinrilicated. regarded at ttt? time of the mtiundersUndng, we nave always regarded it?and now, more than aver before, do we regard it- with a conscientious guaranty that we were doinq right. Col Benton and Judge Butler are old men, distinguished for their public services and their public position This reconciliation therefore, will be as gratifying to the public as it is to us. &ic ider ad attra. Tria juncta in una. The following Senators appeared in their places daring the morning Jfattie?Messrs Bradbury and Hamlin. Aew Hampshire?Messrs. Hale and Atherton. Massachusetts?Mr. Davis, Rhodt hland?Mr. Clarke. Connecticut ? Mr. Baldwin. f'ermont? Messrs. Phelps andUpham. Ntw i'ork? Messrs. Dickinson and Dix. Ptnmylrania?Messrs. Cameron and Sturgeon. Delaware? Mr Spruanoe. Marytcnd? Mr. Johnson. Virginia? Messrs Hunter and Maaon. Nortk Carolina?Mr. Badger. South Carolina?Mr. Butler. Georgia?Mr. Berrien A'tiWucAy?Messrs. Metcalfe and Underwood. Tennessee?Messrs. Bell and Turney. OA to?Messrs Allen and Corwin. Louisiana?Mestrs. Downs and Johnson. Mississippi?Messrs. Davis and Foote. Illinois?Messrs Breese and Douglass. Alabama?Mr King. Jtfwtnun?Messrs. Atchison and Benton. Michigan?Mwm Fitzgerald and Felcb. Texas?Mr. Houston. Witcontin?Messrs Dodge and Walker. Florida? Mr. Westcott. Among tb? absentees are Messrs. Webster, Calhoun, Clayton, Mangum, Nil?*. Ilannegan, and others. At twelve o'clock, the Presesident pro. /em., Mr. Atchiff/n, la the nbience of the Vice President, took the chair. A rat. from his hammer brought the Senate to order, when. In pursuance of a previous invitation by the Vice President, Rev. Henry Slicer. of the Methodist Kpiscopal church, late chaplain of the Senate, opened the proceeding.* with the following THAYER. Ood of our father*, be not aDgry with us? for we are but duet and ashes in thy presence?while humbled in the duet we approach thy august majesty. We would return to thee our humble and unfeigned thank* for the constant support of thy strong hand, and for the multitude of thy tender mercies which have been vouchsafed unto us for our good We thank thee that since the separation of the Representatives of ttiese States, the shield of thy protection has been thrown over tbem through all the dangers of travel and of the pestilence which walketh in darkness, and wbore destruction waiteth not in the daytime. We thank thee this morning in permitting tbem to re-assemble in this chamber under circumstances so well ealowlated to awaken our most ardent gratitude and our most fervent thanks to the (?iver of se much mercy. We would pray to three to continue thy blessings to all whe are in authority. Bless the President and Vice President of the United States, both branches f the national Legislative. and so direot the administration offcis government in all its departments, aa to glorify God and secure the public welfare. Kxtend thy blessing to all the natioDs of mankind, and grant that the Union of these States, and the liberties and happiness of this republic,may endure as long as the un. Hear us in heaven, with merciful acceptance. Kluia na fni? (ha 1) urlu., mu*' Antra A man Ob motion of Mr. Br*k?k, Ordered, That the Searetary Inform thoHouae that a quorum of the Senate In present, and ready to proceed to buMnee*. On motion of Mr. Bradbury, Ordered. That the dallv meeting of the Senate be at 12 o'olook M., till otherwise ordered. a movement at once. Mr. Dolui.au>, Chairman on Territories, gave notion that on to-morrow, or some subeequent day, he should a*k to bring in the following bills providing territorial government;: ? 1. For the territory of Nebraska. 2. kor the territory of Mineeota 8. For the territory of New Mexico. And that he should also ask to introdnce a bill providing for the admission of California as a State into the Union. the census. Mr. Cameron gave notice of a bill providing for the next census of the United States. [Message from the Honse announcing their organisation and the appointment of a oommittee on their part to wait on the resident. Messrs King, Turney, and Davis, ef Massachusetts, were appointed the committee, on the part of tbe Senate. On notion, each Senator was allowed, by resolution, i to draw upon the contingent fund of the senate fera sum to be paid oot for newspapers, not exeeedinc the j ooet of fenr daily papers for the session. And, after sitting in conversation among themselves for half an hour. The Senate adjourned. [Thus, It will be seen that the session opens most auspieiouely. How it will end, passeth human comprehension to tell.] Home Of RcprficntstlvM. Waihikht?s, Dee. 4,1148. preliminary. A more beautiful day never beamed upon the capitol. At an ratly hour member* began to aeeembie in the flail ef Ktprteentatlves, and spectators to fill thi seats E NE AFTERNOON I In the galleries. Honorable gentlemen, after a separatlrn of between three and four months, bad agaia met?ion:a to congratulate other* on the result of tha Trrridential election and not a few to join in the general hilarity,notwithstanding the disappointment of their politioal hopes. The loud laugh, and titter, and busling of voice*? the walking to anckfro, and the shaking of hands, imparted lite and happiness to all around. Not one doleful countenance was perceptible. Messengers, and pages, and hangers-on, partook, to a large extent, of the joyous influences. Mr. Oreeley was one of the " observed of all observers " Mr. Wilson, approaching him. remarked. ' Well, sir, you and other members are to be qualified to-day," (that is, sworn in ) Mr. Greeley, alter pawing a moment, and without a smile, replied, Quality ! That would be a difficult matter." This double entendre of course created an outburst of laughter. Ha! ha! ha! No doubt there is room for "qualification." The pleasant 4 noise and confusion" continued until twelve o'clock; when Tbe Si'EAik* took the chair, and called to order by giving three taps with his gavel. The member* immediately scattered to their seats, and in a few momenta, there was comparatively a dead calm. The Clkrk, by direction, called the roll of members, and the following named members answered to their names, viz:? Maine? hranklin Clark. r.phraim K Smart. James S. Wiley, Her.ekiah William* Hew Hampshire?James H. Johnson, James Wilson. Vermont?Jacob Collamer. Wm. Henry, George P. Martb, Lucius B. Peck. Massachusetts?Amos Abbott, Geo. Ashmun, Joseph Giinnell. Artemas Hale, Chas. Hudson, Daniel 1'. King, Horaoe Maan, John G. I'alfrey, Julius Rockwell, Robert C. Winthrop. Rhode Island?liobert B. Cranston, Benjamin B. Thursten. Connecticut?James Dixon, Samuel D. Hubbard, John A. Rockwell, Truman Smith. A'ew It'ork?Ausburn Birdsall, Harmon S Conger, Wm. Datr. Daniel Gott. Natban K. Hall, Ellas B. Holmes. Timothy Jenkins, Oilando KMIogg. Sidney Lawrence, Wm T. Lawrence, Frederick W. Lord, Wm. B Maclay. Dudley Msrvin, Joseph Mullin. Henry C. Murphy. Wm Nelson, Henry Nlcoll. Geo. Petrie, HarTcy Putnam, Gideon Reynolds, David Rumsey, Kliakim Sherilll, John 1. Slingerland, DaniW B.St Jobs, Frederick A. T&llmadge, Cornelius Warren, Hugh White. Nov Jersey? Joseph E. Edsall, Dudley S. Gregory James G. Hampton. Wm. A. Newell, Jobn Van Dyke. Pennsylvania?John Blanohard. Jasper E Brady, Richard Brrdbead, Chas. Brown, John Diokey. Geo. N. Kckert. John W Family. Moses Hampton, Joseph R Ingersoll. Lewis C. Levin. Job Mann, Abraham R. McliTsine, Henry Nrs. James Pollook, John Strohm, Wm Strong. James Thompson. Maryland? John W. Crisfleld Alexander Evans, Tlomas W. Ligon, Robert M. McLane J. Dixon Roman. Virginia?Archibald Atkinson, Thomas H. Bayly, Henry Bedinger, Thomas S. Booock, John M. Botts, Wm (?. Brown, Wm I,. Goggin, James McDowell, Richard K. Meade, Wm B Preston, Robert A. Thompson. North Carolina?Daniel M. Barrlnger, Nathaniel Boydon, Thomas L. Clingman, John R J. Daniel, Riobaid S. Donnell, James J. M?Kay. David Outlaw, Augustine H Sbepperd, Abraham W. Venable. South Carolina.?Isaac E. llolmes, Joseph A. Woodward. Georgia ? Howell Cobb, Hugh A. Haralsen. John W. Jones. Thomas Butler King, John H. Lumpkin, Alexander H. Stepbecs. Alabama?Franklin W. Bowdon, Williamson R. W. Cobb. Samson W. Harris, Henry W. Milliard, Samuel W. Inge. Miuitsippi -Albert O. Brown. Winfleld S. Featherson, Jacob Thompson, Patrick W. Tompkins. Lovitiana- John H. Harmanson, Emile La Sere, Iiaao E. Morse. Ohio?Richard S. Canby. John Crowell, John D. Cummins, Rudolphus Dickinson, Daniel Dunoan.Thos. O Edwards. Nathan K.vans. James J. Karan. Joshua R. Oiddings. William Kennon. jr., Samuel Lahic, John K Miller. Jonathan D Morris, Thomas Ritchey. Joseph M Scot, William Sawyer, Robert C. Schenck, John L. Taylor. Samuel K. Vinton. Ktntuihy? Green Adamx. Linn Boyd. Aylett Buckner, Richard French. John P Gaines, Samuel O. Peyton. John B. Thompson. Tennetiee-Washington Barrow. Lueien B. Chase, William M. Cocke. George W. Jones. William T Haskell, Hugh L. W Hill. Andrew Johnson, Frederick P. Stanton, James H Thomas Indiana- Charles W. Cathcart, George G. Dunn, ElUba Embree. Tbomas J. Henley, John Pettit, John L Robinson, William Rockhill, Caleb B Smith, Richard W. Thompson, William W. Wick. IHineit?William A Riobardion, Robt. Smith, Thos. J. Turner. Jobs Wentworth. Missouri - James 8. Green, Wlllard P. Hall, John Jamleson, John S. Phelps. Michigan? Robert McClelland, Cbarles E. Stuart. Ttxas? David S. Kaufman. Iowa?William Thompson. H'iicontin? Mason C, Darling. William P. Lynde. The Sfeaxkr announced that one hundred and seventy-eight members bad answered to their names. This was more than quorum, and the House was now ready to procecd to business. new mkmnm*. Mr White arose. and remarked that two gentlemen, nil r b? Tf elect from New York, ware present, and ready to take the catb of office. The Speaker?If there be no objection, they will adtanoe. Mr Ksbon Black man. elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of John M. Holly, and Mr. Horace <Jrefley. elected to supply the seat from which D. S Jackson was ousted in the contest between him and Mr. Monro*, were seveiatly conducted by Mr. White to the foot of the steps leading to the Speaker's chair. *h? re the rath was ad ministered toeaoh of the new members by the presiding officer. the territory op wisconsin?a dk1.icoate presents himself for admission. Mr. Wiison, of New Hampshire, arose, holding a paper in bis hand, and remarked that, at the last session of Congress, the Territory of Wisconsin was represented by a delpgate on this floor. In the course of the sesaiow, an act was passed for the admission of Wisconsin as a State into theUnion, and subsequently two gentlemen were elected to represent the Stat*. The act for the admission of Wisoonain was so framed as to leave a portion of the Territory without the limits of the State. [The honorable gentleman was Interrupted by the announcement of a message from the Senate, informing the House that a quorum had assembled, and were ready to proceed to business ] Mr. Wilson was about to oontinue hi* remarks, when Mr. Wentworth asked him to give way for a moment, tbat be might offer a resolution with reference to the ordinary business Mr W i it on said that he had no objection to yield the flow; and Mr Wentwortm submitted a resolution, which was adopted, viz That the Cierk of the House inform the Senate that a quorum have assembled, and are ready to proceed to business, and tbat a committee be appointed to wait upon the rresident. and inform him that the two houses are prepared to receive any communication which be may fee pleased to make In accordance with this resolution. Messrs. Wentworth J A. Rockwell, and Shepperd. wore appointed the committee on the part of the House. Mr Wilson then resumed his remarks, and was understood to ray that subsequently to the members of Wisconsin taking, their seats, the Hon. Mr. Tweedy resigned bis seat as delegate of the territory. The (Jovt rnor of the Territrry of Wisconsin (Mr. Dodge) after the State was admitted into the Union, was selected to represent it in the Senate of the United States. By law. the Secretary of State, is rx officio (Joverner. On the 30th of October, an election was held by the people in that territory not embraced within tbe.limitsof the Stale, and Mr Sibley was elected a delegate to Congress. Mr. Wilson held the certificate of the Governor in h's hand. With regard to precedents, he referredHo two. in 1808 or 1804. the delegate from the Northwest Territory held his seat, notwithstanding Ohio, a portion only of the territory, was admitted as a State In the Union, with Representatatives and Senators In Congress. The subject was submitted to a committee, who reported that 1he delegate was entitled to his seat The next similar case was in USA. Tbe Territory of Michigan was organized into a State, and embraced merely tbe peninsula. That portion of the territory which constituted Wisconsin was subject to the lava rf Mlehl Michigan, and the Hon** regarded Mr Jooea, who formerly wae known aa the delegate of Michigan, aa now tha deWgate of the remaiuing portion of the territory, Wisconsin. Mr. Sibley ha* been elected a delegate to represent three or four thonaand persons of the Territory of Wisconsin, whose magistrate* and other offljera ara atill exercising their authority thare ; and. therefore, It is hoped that that gentleman may ba foithwith qualified. Mr Conn, of Oeorgla. laid that thl? matter involved Important principles, which should be considered by tha House, and investigated by a committee, that membar* may act advisedly. The Honse was in no attuation to act definitively now, and no difficulty wonld er sue by waiting a few days, until the House should be thoroughly organized for business. He, therefore, *ug gested that the gentleman would not nrge hla motion, but, at a subsebucnt period, move to refer the subject to a committee?either that of the judiciary or of elections. Mr. Wilsou replied that he merely submitted the remarks. with the papsra, In the hope that, the question being ao clear, there would he no objection to the delegate taking hla seat. But as the observation* of the J;tntleman from Georgia were In tba nature of an obection, Mr. Wilson moved the reference of the paper* to the Committee of Election*, and the motion waa agreed to. PRAWinn Foa skats. Mr. F.rsns, of Maryland, said that, aa at the last session, member* eelected their seata by lot. he desired to introduce a resolution with that view, at thl* time. The resolution wa* read, to the effeot that the clerk, Immediately after Ita passage, endorse the names of members of tha Howie on separate piece* of paper, and proceed, In the presence of the House, to draw the piece* of paper separately from a box. Aa soon a* the piece of paper la drawn, tha clerk shall announce the nnme of the member, who phall choose a seat, provided that previously, every M>at shall l>e vacated (A message was received from the Sena'e, infinning tli> Hons* that the resolution to appoint a committee to wait upon the Pmident waa acquiesced lu ] W Y O EDITION?WEDNESDAY Mr. Murphy offered an amendment to Mr. resolution?that the members retain for the present session the Beats occupied by them during the last session. There were cries of " I'll agree to that," " I won't; I've got a bad seat, and want a chance for a good one." ' Let's draw," " Draw, diaw." Tbe question was taken on Mr. Murphy's substitute, and it was voted down by an old-fashioned'1 No, no." Under the operation of tbe previous question, the original resolution was adopted. Tbe Speaker. In pursuance of the proviso, cimed all the gentlemen present to vacate the seats which they had temporarily occupied; aud the consequence was, they all assembled in a crowd i n front of tbe clerk's table. The jabbering and lMUhlOK (which were suspended on the Speaker taking hlschalr) were to some extent renewed. The clerk proceeded to draw the names of members, and seats were (elected seriatim This part of the business was despatched within half an hour, without any striking peculiarities. hour of meeting?c hapi.ains ? notice ok bills, Sir. Cohh, of Georgia?Mr Speaker, have you appointed the committee to wait upon the President? The Speaker?Yes,sir. Mr. Cobb ? I move, then, that the House adjourn. The Speaker?To what hour? Mr Cobh?Twelve o'clock, until further ordered. This was agreed to. Mr Hknly?Has the motion prevailed ? The Speaker?It has Mr. Hknly?Then 1 offtr a resolution?that, tbe Senate concurring, two Chaplains be elected by Congress, one by each house, to serve for tbe present session, and i to Interchange weekly. Undet tbe operation of tho previous question, the resolution was parsed Mr Smith, of Illinois.asked leave togive notice that be would introduce a bill to gr?nt to that St*te the rfoht r.f wav +n Annnn^t th? Hniicr Rlitl Lnwvr \1iA4t4. fippi to the upper lakes; and a bill granting the right of way for a railroad, through the public ltnds, from New Albany, in Indinna. to Alton. In Illinois. The Speaker?The notices will be entered by the Clerk. And. on notion of Mr. Corf, at one o'clock, the* House adjourned until to-morrow at 12 o'clock. Theatrical and IH union I. Park Theatre.?The Monplalslrs have returned to the city and are nightly entertaining admiring aulienoos at the Park theatre. Last evening they repealed that admtrablo ballet, "Esmeralda," in which Mons. anded Madam M. appear iu all their pride ar.d excellence. Iwo tmall pieces weie given, "Open House" before, and. 'Our Mary Ann'' after tl e ballet. Bowery Theatre?There was another immensely crowded houpc lure last e\eting, to witness the very thrilling andex traordinary performances of llcrr Drieslach'and his anima's, in the now drama of" Mungo Park." The tight with the tiger at the end of the second act is i plendid, and the final scene of the pieoe, where he encounters the whole of them, ia also moat thrilling Truly, this ia tie age of progross in everything, and IIerr Orieibaeh, the lien king leads the way in the matter of educating the beaeta of the forest. The scenery and general getlngup o'the piece, rillec'ed the grcateat credit on Sir. Stevens, the stage manager lhe fnice of the 'Alpine Maid," the elegant dan^tug of Slg. coia Ciocca ai d Biinor Neri. and the sterling drama of the "Moid and Magpie' concluded the performances. Tonight, Murgo >ark" and various other interesting jieices will be p'ayed Broadway Theatre.?That unique, clever, smart, active, wonderful prodigy. General Tom Thumb?a complete hop-'o my thumb per le- performed again last evening, in tho grand extrava" gania of the " St vet League Boots." The audionce testified the.1 admiration of the little hero by unequivocal marks of pleasure and approbation. There are some beautifully painted scenes in this play, and the machinery and tricka are admirably got up. The equipage and wardrobe of the Genernl, which are exhibited on the stage, deserve tho epithet splendid, which is applied to them in the bills. Tho General's engagement, it ia anuoun od. will continue a few nights longer. The other entertainments of the eveLli g, consiatiug of ,rA Day after the Wedding" and ' Tumioa the Tables," went off well, and were performed with great meet by a well-seleoted cast. A bill of strong attractions tor the lovers rf theatrical excitements, is offend for tliil evening, for which, ride the advertisement. National Theatre.?' Don Cacjar de Bazan" was again played last evening in tine style, by the company at this house, with Mr. and lira C. P. Thorne in the prominent parts, vit: Don Ctcsar and Maritana. This d/ama Is always a favorite one with tie public. In his performance of it, Mr. Thorne fully realises the idea one would form of the gallant Don, and Mrs. Thome as Marttan*!, u inufellv irood. Tlie whole niece went off tdmir&htv. Aftar the beautiful letformanccs on tho gWss v.clla by ino Misses Tyrtell, the ever popular piece, the " Mystirios and Miseries," w?* enact< <1 with the usual mcc <ss. The au,uain? farce of " Nature and Philosophy" c< nclndcd the evening's entertainments. Tonight there will b* an excellent bill; lor the particular) we refer to ent hat of amnseiccnts. Burton's Theatre.?The tuooessful comedy of "The Printer's Apprratiot" w?g repeated here law evening. before a crowded house, and the ent're cast acquitted themselves moat creditably. Mr. Burton, ai General Morln, teemed, if possible' molt nu fait in the part oi the honest, gouty old soldier of the Retch army, who chidos a vain old sister in law for her (round les* family pride, and ctmpels his son to make an honorable reparation for unmanly transgressions towards an artless an 1 oontiding love, ilis acting wus vehemently applauded in ihi course of the performance, lliss Chapman, as Joseph, the printer's apprentice, was even more effective than on the previous evening. There is a naturalness in her acting, that at onoe catches up the feelings of her auditory; and, though she excels in many leadiig parts of comedy and general acting upon the boards several i.ave prououticid her personation of this clinraoter, one of her beet efforts la the concluding scene, where sho introduces ti e sister (Mrs Knight.) she wasrc|?atedly applauded. Thejopn'ar extmvog.inia of "liusical Arrivals." concluded the entertainments, in which Mr. T. B. Johnson, as Joseph tiing'l. was excellent Ihe evening's cnterlainmenta pos<cd off with much success, and were highly creditable to the entire company, Broadway Circvs.?The antotishing feats performed by the spltndid trompt attached to this circus, and th*TMt array (it tulent to be iound in tl.e various departments of the cxmpanv, re still the source of m*ch attraction. The riding of Mr. Carroll, an<l the athletic exercises in general, have secnrel for this popular place cf evening recreation, an extensive share of publio palronnjc, and tl e efforts of the enterprising proprietor*. Tryon and Thompton, will continue to advance the many new foatures of im|<rovement that havs lately been added. An eveninghere will richly lepaj a visit. Zooi.OdicAi.P Ai.r??Considerable crowds still flock here nightly, to see the various specimens of wild beasts, birds, and general oljecla of attrnciitn to be found in this exhibition. The tine and lualtny condition of these prisoned tenants of the desert and prairie, (hows the great care and excellent treatment l> (stowed upon them by the judicious and enterprising proprietor. Van Ambtmli, whose fame 4* the great lion tamer, has alrtndy spread far ai d near. Wo would (imestly tceunmend a calfiu here, particularly duiing the evenings. Christy's Minstfeiji.?Vfe are not aware that the President I as referred to the extraordinary success of these minstrels in his message 1,1 Congress, but we are certain that their concerts are mattei s of most serious importance to many of our citizens, who have teen so long accustomed to be amusea at them, that they could ill do without thein. They give a floe programme this evening. The New Ori.eans SmknaheRsreturn to Stnyverant In-, stitute this evsnirg.atd willgivecne of their usiinl brilliant entertainments They are a most racy set of professors, and thair doings, singings, and sayings, are of the most refined and elegant description. The performances on the bones are truly remarkable. We recommotd these concerts t<> all our readers. Camfhem.'s Minstrkt.s?Never were banjos, violins, bone castanets, aud the other instruments used in Ethiopian minstrelsy, more skillfully handled than they ate by this hand, and their singing, dancing, w histling, and other vagaries, are equally good. For a delightful evtniug'aarousement few exhibitions can be fonnd better than the cor.cert of Campbell's Minstrels, at the Society Library. M u.nnrow.?This hnuie 1* doing a One butincsa, and timler itt present admirable arraviement will lonj continue ?o ta do. It W a meat excellent place fer family parties, who will find great entertainment in the performances of While's Serotadcr*. Gvko'l'a Iigiith Concert.?On Friday eveniog this oel'bra ted btnd will Rive another of thtir delightful musical entertainments. Although tl e pre gramme contains many beautiful pleoet which, no doubt, will be executed with the great musical preoisii n ai d haimony which charaetcrixe this band, since they tint appeared in this oily ; yet we should say the meat pr rainent featnre of the evening will be the concertino for the ttuta. by Siede, whofe tweet torn s and thrilling elocution were rooelved at each performance with euthutisstic ihter*. The oon'-ert comet oil at til) Broad* ay, tt tie New Musical Htll. Com,ins, the Irimi CoManiAH.?The toi.eertt (liven by thit en ir.ent artist in Ualtimore have been highly lauded liy-tbe press. He is tided by M. and Madame I,eati, whose Italian tcetet and melodies aremide.td with such tweett,eta and pleating expree I tinn that they are now considered artists of excelling qualities. Between Collins'cemic delineation of Iri>h character and song, and the duetts and trios of Collins atd the l.eatt family, there It meli a variety, that few, we tre informed, have each concert without retolviag to go pgtin. Tur. HoHBtTiirKs.?These dlsllnguithed artist*, who are hourl expected to arrive in thit city from Etrope, bring with them th highest testimonials ts to their anaical abilities. They are bn> 1 tberand sitter, the yourg lady being only itvtnteen yearn of ago, 1 tnd jet the In* been considtred on the (. oatisent to be the beat f< male pianist of the age ber touch is light and effective, and her execution brilliant and thrilling. Her brother, twenty-one jears old, i* rpoken of lu the German papers at an excellent Violtr Itt, and it said to pisses* the great facility of Ole Hull, , united with the clatsii style of Vnnxtempa. The moment they arrive, their agent will annonnee their Drat concert. Msxico Ii.i.nstratr.n.?Tliis glorious panorama it at popular tt ever, and it nightly thronged bycrowdtof admiring visiter*. 1 he t estity ol the painting, the accuracy of thn view*, and the elear, explanatory lecture, by Captain Carter, all combine to give a moat comet, xlea of the doinga of Scott's gal.ant army in Mexico. Thia will Le the latt week of itt allowing. r.oatnARi ati'nt or Vkra Crix.?This it the latt week of the exhibition ot thit beautiful diorama. The very ingenloui manner in which the varloua movementa of Uie fleet, Ike., are done, and the t pin ted mam er in which the whole accne la represented, mak? it n nutt intenatiog affair. D r a th or Miss Hit-nRRTH.? We regret to hear of thodeoeat* of this young lady, who was lately attached to Um National i Thentit compar.y. She died jeat?rdar, aflt r a very abort illnct*. Miss H. *?? a young lady of hno acquirements, and it universally regretted. Army Intelligent*. c I II <a i<u? ?Wa K.1?. ! tinmrx of thf military post* to whloh the mtkiI eomptiilen twloiglnit to thin regiment hav? been assigned nn this frontier, together * 1th the name of each tornpuny and the officers attached to It. The headquarters of the regiment W at Fart Gibson. Fort Glbfob?Brt Lt. Col. Miles, commanding. Company C., Cspt S H. Fowler, 2d Lt B. Wingate. Company K , B*t. lit Lt. C. W. Lear, A. A. C. S? and A. A. Q. M. Company G . 2d Lt K. H. Long. Company I , ('apt. C. L SUtenfon, 2d Lt. T. H. Nelll, A. Adjt. Fort Smith? < omiany K . ( apt. C. C. Sibley, commanding pcht 1ft Lt. J C. Roblnfon, A. C. 8. and A. A. Q. M ; vld Lt W W. Bums; Bvt. 2d Lt 8. Archer. Company A.. 2d Lt i^Harrl*on. Fort Towson?Company 1).. i apt. R. 11/commanding 2d Lt. F. Myers, A A. C. 8 M ; Bvt 2d Lt Russell. Company K, 1?4 Noryal; 2d Lt A. H Seward. Fort W nfhita * m*ftiy A. let Lt. W. Head ; 2d Lt. K.. F. Abbott; Bvt. 24 Lt JeokDon. Company H., 1st Lt. 11. R. Sslden.? Fori Smith Htrtld. ffito. 13. Wfttrrn Virginia contains 38.r>00 square miles; \W m n Pennsylvania 3ft <)09 square miles; balance in ' lax V.I I t X tv^ibla 6 6;0 RK 1 f, DECEMBER 6, 184f THE ANNUAL MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, TO TJIK THIRTIETH OONURE99. fei.low riT17.ei?? of thit senate, 1rd ok the houtt ok r.eph r.?lt !?t ati te?:? Vndwr the benignant Providence of Almighty Ood, the representatives of the States and of the people ar? spsin brought together to deliberate for the public pood. The gratitude of the nation to the Sovereign Arbiter of all human event;, should be commensurate with the boundless bindings which we enjoy Peace. plenty and contentment, reign throughout our border*, and our beloved country presents a sublime moral spectacle to the world. The troubled and unsettled condition of some of the principal Kuropean powers has had a necessary tendency to check and embarrass trade, and to depress prices throughout all commercial nation*; but notwithstanding these causes, the United States, with their abundant products, have frit their etfectiefess severely than any other country, and all our great interests are still prosperous and successful. In reviewing the great events of the past year, and contrasting the agitated and disturbed state of other countries with our own tranquil and happy condition, we may congratulate ourselves that we are the most favored people on the faoe of the earth. While the people of other countries are struggling to establish free Institutions. under which man may govern himself, we are in theactual enjoyment of them?a rich inheritance from our father*. While enlightened nations of Kurope are convulsed and distracted by civil war or intestine strife, we settle all our pAlitical controversies by the peaceful exercise of the rights of freemen at the ballot-box The great republican maxim, po deeply engraven on the hearts of our people, that the will of the majority, constitutionally expressed, shall prevail, is our sure safeguard acalnst force and violence. It In a subject of jnst pride, that our fann and character as a nation continue rapidly to advance in the estimation of the civilized world. To our wise and free Institutions it Is to be attributed, tint while other nations have achieved glory at the price of th? suturing, distress and impoverishment ot their people, we have won our honorable position in the midst of an uninterrupted prosperity, and of an Increasing individual comfort and happiness. I am happy to inform you that ?ur relations with all nations arelfrlendly and pacific. Advantageous treaties of onmmeree have been concluded within the last four years with New Grenada. Teru, the Two Sicilies. Belglum. Hanover, Oldenburg, and MecklenburgSckwerln. Pursuing our example, the restrictive system of Great Britain, our principal foreign customer, has been relaxed; a more liberal commercial policy has been adopted by other enlightened nations, and our trade has been greatly enlarged and extended. ? Our country stands higher In the respect of the world than at any former period. To oontlnue to occupy this proud position, it is only necessary to preserve peace, and faithfully adhere to the great and fundamental principle of our foreign policy, of non Intelf*rence in the domestic concerns of other nations. We recognise in all nations the rights which we enjoy ourselves. to change and reform their politioal Institutions ocotdlng to their own will and pleasure Hence we do not look behind existing governments' capable of maintaining their own authority. We recognise all sach actual governments, not only from the dictates of true policy, but from a sacred regard for the independence of nations. While this Is our settled policy, It does not follow that we can ever be indifferent spectators of the progress ofllberal principles The government and people of the United States hailed with enthusiasm and delight the estab'ishment of the French republic, as we now hall the efforts In progress to unite the States of Germany in a confederation similar in many respects to our own federal Union. If the great and enllohtened Ciarnnii States, occuavlnff as thev do. a central and commanding position in Europe, shall succeed in establishing such a confederated government, securing at the same time to the citizens of eaoh Stat*, local governments adapted to the peculiar condition of each,with unrestricted trade and intercourse with each other, It will be an important era in the history of human events. Whilst it will consolidate and strengthen tbe power of fJermany.it must e?R*nti*lly promote the cause of peace, oommerce, civilization, and constitutional liberty throughout the world. With ail the governments on thia continent o?r relations, it is believed, are now on a more friendly and satlsfaotory footing than they have ever been at any former period. Since the exchange of ratifications of the treaty of peace with Mexico, our intercourse with the government of that republio has b?en of the most friendly character. The Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of tbe lrnlted States to Mexico has been reoeivedand accredited ; and a diplomatic representative from Mexico of similar rank haa been re. oeived and accredited by this government. The amicable relations between the two countries, which ha l been suspended, have been happily restored, and are destined, I trust, to be long preserved The two repub lies, both situated on this continent, and with coterminous territories, have every motive of sympathy and of interest to bind them togntber in perpetual amity This gratifying condition of our foreign relation* renders it unnecessary for me to call your attention more specifically to them. It has been my constant aim and desire to cultivate peace and commerce with all natlonz. Tranquillity at home, and peaceful relations abroad, constitute the true permanent policy of our country. War, the scourge of nations, sometimes becomes inevitable, but is always to be avoided when It can be done consistently with the rights and honor of the nation. One of the most important results of the war, Into which we were recently forced with a neighboring nation, is the demonstration it ha? afforded of the military strength of our country. Before the late war with Mexico, European and other foreign powers entertained imperfect and erroneous views of our physical | trength as a nation, and of our ability to prosecute war, and especially a war waged out of our own country. TDty 0aw trial our RMDamg iroj, oo tu? p"?a? Mmu> lishmentj did not exceed ten thousand men. Accustomed thenifelves to maintain, in peace, large standing armlet, for the protection of thrones, against their own snbjeots. an well m against foreign enemies, they bad not oonceived that it was possible for a nation without inch an army, well disciplined and of long se-. vice, to wage war successfully They held in low repace our militia, and were far from regarding them as an effective force, unless It might be for temporary defensive operations when invaded on our own soil. The events of the late war with Mexioo have not only undeoelved them, but have removed erroneous Impressions which , prevailed to some extent even among a portion of our i own countrymen. That war has demonstrated that ; npon the breaking out ot hostilities not anticipated, and for whloh no previous preparation bad bscn made, a volunteer army of citizen soldiers, equal to veteran troops, and in numbers equal to any emer- ' gency. can. in a short period, be brought into the field. Unlike what would have ocenrred In any other country, we were under no necessity of resorting to drafts er conscriptions. On the contrary, such was the number of volunteers who patriotically tendered their fervices, that the ohlef difficulty was in making selection* and determining who ihould be disappointed and compelled to remain at home. Our citizen-soldiers are unlike those drawn from the population of any other country. They are composed indiscriminately of all professions and pursuits: of farmers, lawyers, physician*, merchants, manufacturers, mechanics and laborer* ; and this, not only among the offloers, but the private loldler* In the rank*. Our citixen-soldiers are unlike those of any other country in other respects. They are armed, and have been accustomed from their youth up to handle and use (Irearm*; and a large proportion of them, especially in the western and more newly-settled States, are expert markrmen. They are men who have a reputation to maintain at home by their good conduct in the field. Tbey are Intelligent, and there Is an individuality of character which Is found in the ranks of no other army, In battle, eaoh private man, as well as every officer, fights not only for hi* country, but for glory and distinction atgong hi* fellow.citizen* when he shall return to civil life. The war with Mexico has demonftra'ed not only the ability of the government to organise a numerous army upon a sudden call, but al*o to provide it with all the munitions and necessary supplies with despatch, I - ? ji?i it. 1 COIiT^nifDCf. BDQ fWtl, BUU K' UIICUV l?n V|ri ? . with ffficicncy. Thai strength of oar institution! has not only been displayed in the valor and skill of onr troop* engaged in active service in the field, but in the organization ef tho?e executive branches whieh were charged with the general direction and eondaet of the war. While too great praise cannot be bestowed upon the officers and men who fought our battles, it would benn)uxt to withhold flrom those officer* necessarily stationed at home, who were charged with the duty of ; furnishing the army, in proper time, and at proper ; places, with all the munitions of war and other supflles so necessary to make It effioient. the eommendaion to whioh they are entitled. The credit due to this class of our officers is the greater, when It is considered that no army in ancient or modern time* waa ever better appointed or provided than onr army In Mexico. Operating In an enemy's country, removed two thou- j sand miles flrom the seat of the fedeial government, i ita different corps spread over a vaat extent of territory. hundreds and even thousands of miles apart from each other, nothing short of the untiring vigilance and extraordinary energy of these officers could have enabled them to provide the army at all points, and in proper season, with all that waa required for the most effioient service. It Is but an ant of justice to declare, that the officers in charge of the several executive bureau*, all under the Immediate eye and supervl Ion of the Secretary of War, performed their respective duties with ability, energy, and efflolency. They have reaped less of the glory of the war, not having been personally exposed to its perils In battle, than their companions In arms; but without their forecast, efficient aid. and co-operation, those In the field would not have been provided with the ample means they possessed of achieving far themselves and tbelr country, the unfading honors which tbey have won for both. Wh en all thera facts are considered, it may cease to be a matter of so mnch amassment abroad how it happened that onr noble army in Mexico, regulars and volunteers, were vintorlous upon every battle-field, hrwever fearful the odds against them Tfc<> war with Mexico ha* thu* folly developed the wpsclf y of repuhttoan government* to prosecute suo 'tulij * jus' *nd neoe*s*ry foreign war with all ta? IE R A 3.?ONE O'CLOCK. t gor urually attributed to more arbitary form* of go- ( vernment. It ha* been usual for writer* on publlo ' law to Impute to repupllea a want of that unity, con- t A?nirA(lnn nf -?-l -I-a- -*>IA re generally admitted to belong to the monarchical and aristocratic form?; and this feature of popular government baa been supposed to display lts?lf more particularly in the conduct of a war carried on in an ?n?my'B territory. The war with Great Britain, in 1812, was to ?great extent confined within our own limit*, and (bed but little light on this subject. But the war wbioh we bare just closed by an honorable peace, evinces beyond all doubt that a popular representative government is equal to any emergency which is likely to arise in the affaire of a nation, ! The war with Mexico has dttvelop?4 most strikingly i and conttpiouously another feature In our Institutions. It is, that without oost to the government or danger to our liberties, we have, in the bosom of our sooiet; of freemen, available in a just and necessary war, virtually a standing army of two millions of arm?>d citizen soldiers, such as fought at the battles of Mexico. But our military strength does not oonsist alone In our capacity for extended and successful operations on land. The navy ie an important arm of the national defence. If the services of the navy were not so brilliant as those of the army in the late war with Mexico. it was beoauso they had no enemy to meet on their own element. While the array had opportunity of performing more conspicuous service, the navy largely participated In the conduct of the war. Both branches of the service performed their whole duty to the country. For the able ami gallant services of the officers and men of the navy - actinir independently as i well as in co-operation with our troops-In the con- i nlUkt nf fhrt f!alifnrniofl fha onnhiro r\f VrA?*-i I'm-/ utnl the seizure and occupation of other important posl- I tlons on the Gulf and Pacific coasts, the highest praise | is due. Their vigilance, energy, and ("kill rendered the most effective service in excluding munition* of war and other supplies from tbe enemy. while they secured a safe entrance for abundant supplies for our own army. Our extended commerce was nowhere interrupted; and for this immunity from the evils of war. the country is indebted to the navj. High praise is due to the officer!) of the several execu- ' tire bureaus, navy yards, and stations connected with ; the service, ail under the immediate direction of the Secretary of the Navy, for the Industry, foresight, and energy (with which everything was directed and furnitibed to give efficiency to that branrh of the service. The same vigilance existed in directing the operations of the navy, as of tbe army. There was concert of action and of purpoBe between the heads of the two arms of the service. By the orders which were from time to time issued,our vessels of war on the Taciflc and the (iulfof Mexico, were stationel in proper time and in proper positions to co-operate efficiently with the army By this means their combined power was brought to bear successfully on tbe enemy. The great results which have been developed and brought to light by this war, will be of immeasurable importance in tbefuture progress of ourcountry. They ' will tend powerfully to preserve us from foreign collisions, and to enable us to pursue uninterruptedly our | c cherished policy of peace with all nations, entangling , t alliances with none.'' 0 Occupying, as we do, a more commanding position p among nations than at any former period, our duties i a and our responsibilities to ousselves and to posterity i are correspondingly increased. This will be the more , c obvious when we consider the vast additions which T have been recently made to our territorial possessions, , B and their great importance and value. 0 "Within less than four vears the annexation of Texas 1, to the Union has bee n consummated; all conflict ng t title to the Oregon Territory south of the forty-ninth f, degree of north latitude, being all that was insisted on by any of my predecessors, has been adjusted; and f New Mexico and Upper California have been acquired t by treaty. The area of these several Territories, ac- a cording to a report carefully prepared by the Comtnis- c sioner of the General Land Office from the most an- d thentio information in bis possession, and which is ]; herewith transmitted, contsins one million one hun- f dred and ninety-three thousand and sixty-one b square miles, or seven hundred and sixty-three mil- a lion five hundred and fifty-nine thousand and forty c acres; while the area of the remaining twenty-nine tJ States, and the territory not yet organized Into States, c east of the Rooky Mountains contains two million, 0 fifty-nine thousand Ave hundred and thirteen square t miles, or thirteen hundred and eighteen million one c hundred and twenty six thousand and fifty-eight t acres These estimates show that the territories recently acquired. and over which our exclusive jurir- t diction and dominion have been extended, constitute t a country more than half as large as all that which , was held by the United States before their acquisition. ,, If Oregon be excluded from the estimate, there will t till remain within the limits of Texas, New Mexioo. t and California, eight hundred and fifty-one thousand five hundred and ninety-eight square miles, or five . hundred and forty-flve million twe've thiu?and seven ? hundred and twenty acres; being an addition equti to more than nne-third of all the territory owneil . by the United States before their acquisition; and, including Oregon, nearly as great an extent of P. territory as the whole of Europe, Russia only excepted. The Mississippi, so lately the frontier of our oountry, is ni>w only its contre. With the sddition of the late acquisitions, the Unitrd f. States are now estimated to bs nearly as large as the whole of Kurope It is estimated by the superintendent of the coast survey, in the accompanying report, that * the extent of the seacoast of Texas on the Gulf of * Mexico is upwards of four hundred mile*; of the coast ' of Upper Californ'a, on the Pacific, of nine hundred and seventy miles ; and of Oregon, including the Straits of Fuea, of six hundred and fifty miles ; making f: the whole extent of seaooast on the Pacific one thou- ** rand six hundred and twenty miles, and the whole J* extent on both the Paciflo and the Gulf of Mexico J? t, .1, i .. .,1 -l-v,.. l.? .M, Af ,v.. VI knv luvurauu ?? "> .. const on the Atlantic from the northern limits of the United Stater, around the Capes of Florida to the Sa- 7' bine, on the eastern boundary of Texas, is estimated J to he three thousand one hundred miles . so that the . addition of seacoast, including Oregon, la very nearly ) two thirds as great as all we possessed before ; and ex. * eluding Oregon, is an addition of one thousand three hundred and seventy miles; being nearly equal to S one half of the extent of coast which we possessed 1 before these acquisitions. We have now three great maritime fronts-on the AtUntin. theOulf of Mexico, and the Pacific?making in the whole an extent of seacoast exceeding five thousand miles. This is the ex- r< tent of the reacoast of the I'nlted States, not Ineluding bays, sounds, and email Irregularities cf the !. main shore, and of the sea Islands If these be ineluded,the length of the shorn line of ooast. as estlm%t- "J ed by the superintendent of the coast survey, in his . report, would be thirty-three thousand and sixty three miles. ! It would be difficult to calcnlate the value of thesoim- 111 mense addition;; to our territorial possessions. Texas, lying contlglons to the western boundary of Louisiana, w. embracing within Its limits a partpf the navigable tri- n butary waters of the Mississippi, and an extensive sea- *' coast, could not long have remained in the hands of a ?! foreign power without endangering the peace of our 11 southwestern frontier. Her products in the vlelnlty of the tributaries of the Mississippi must have sought a P. market through these streams, running into and r through our territory; and the danger of Irritation and collision of Interests between Texas, as a foreign 8tate. and ourselves, would have been imminent, while < the embarrassments in the commercial Intercourse be- di twoen them must have beeu constant and unavoll- m able. Had Texas fallen Into the hands, or under the influence and control of a strong maritime or military foreign power, as she might have done, these dangers gi would have been atill greater. They have been avoided j to by her voluntary and peaceful annexation to the a] I'nlted States Texas, from her position, was a natural , C and almost indispensable part of our territories. For- ! m tunately. she has been restored to our country, and vl now constitutes one of the States of our confederacy, ' n(*in an equal footing with the original States." A Tbe salubrity of climate, the fertility of soil, pecu- ts II*lv adapted to the production of some of our most cl win ble staple commodities, and her commercial ad- Is abUges, must toon make her one of our mostpopu- tl long Sta'es. ti New Mexico, though situated in the Interior, and 'c without a seacoast, is known to oontain muoh fertile . land, to abound in rich mines of the precious metals, ' nu IU oe OipiDK ui >UFUIUIUK ? >?IK> |ni|>m?iua. Krom its position, it la th? intermediate and connect- I '' log territory between oar aettlem*nt* and our poaaea- *' alone In Texan, and those on the I'aciflo coaat. 1 Upper California. irrespective of the rant mineral ? Wfallh recently developed there, hold* at thia day, in w point of value and importance to the reat of the Unioo, ! the same relation that Louisiana did, when that One w territory vat acquired from Kranee. forty-fire yeara ago K.xtending nearly ten degree* of latitude along ] ?| the Pacific, and embracing the only safe and oommo- f( dioua barbora on that coast for many hundred mllea, j mlth a temperate climate, and an extensive interior of w fertile lan<le, it la acaroely poaalbl*- to natlmata lta ^ wealth until it shall be brought under the government of onr laws, and ita resources fully developed. Krom lta f, position, it must command the rich commerce of China, of Asia. of the lalanda of the Paoiflo. of Weatern Mexl- m co. of Ootral America, the South American State*, _ ami.'of the Russian poaseaaiona bordering on that ocean A great emporium will doubtleaa speedily arise > on the Califcrnlan coaat, which may be deatlned to ri- t val in impoitance New Orleana Itaelf. The depot of j, the vast commerce which muit exist on the Pacltte, f will probably he at aome point on the bay of San Kran- w claeo, and will occupy the same relation to the whole ? westtrn coast of that ocean, aa New Orleana doea to w the valley of the Mlaataslppl and the (Jnlf of Mexico. | s; To thia deiot oar numeroua whale ahipe will report f, with thwir cargoea, to tiade, refit, and obtain auppilea. ol Thia of itaelf will largely contribute to build up a city, rt which would aoon become the oentre of a great aad ra- a, |?idly Increasing commerce Situated on a aafe harbor, 4, aofllcitntly capacioua for all the naviea aa well aa the tt marine of the world, and ooavenlent to excellent tlm- a| ber for ahip building, owned by the United State*, it 0| moat become our great weatern naval depot. m It waa known that minea of the preeioua metala ex- e( Isted to a conaiderable extent in California at the y time of Ita acquisition. Recent dlfooverlea render it a, probable that theae mlnea are mere extenalve and (| valuableithan waa anticipated. The accounta of the abundance of gold In that territory are of auih an extraordinary character aa would aearoely command belief were they not corroborated by the authentic re- ?J porta of efflcer* in the public aerviee, who have vlalted al the mineral dlatrlet. and derived the facta which they J? detail from peraonal oheervatlon. Reluctant to credit the reporta in general circulation aa to the quantity of gold, the rfflcer ccminandlng out forcea in California visited tb<' mir.eral dl?'rlct In lulv la?t. for the pur- j priu of obtaining aoenrate information on the ant)- I ' jeot. Ills report to the War Department Of the result ' u at: -~insi 1 11 I LD. Twn rricrc * " vy vJXJi.1 x )f hib rxaml nation. and th? facts obtained on the ipot. H herewith laid before Congress. When he vlslt-d the country, there were about four thousand per] ions engaged la collecting gold There Is every rea- j on to believe that the number of persons so employed lss since been augmented The explorations already nade wsrrant the belief that the inpply Is very large, B ind that gold is found at various placts in an exten ^ sire district of country. I Information received from efllcerg of the navy and 5ther sources, though not so full and minute, confirm the accounts r.f the commander of our military force In California It appears, also, from these reporta. that mines of <|UlcksilTer are found in the vicinity of thn gold region One of them is now being worked, and Id believed to be among the mutt productive in the world. The effects prodnaed by the discovery of theM rich mineral deposltes, and the success which has attended the labors of those who have resorted to them, have produced a surprising change In the state of affairs In California Labor commands a most exorbitant price. and all other 'pursuits but that of searching for the precious metals are abandoned Nearly the whole of the male population of the oountry have goao to the gold district. Ships arriving on the ooaat are deserted by their crews, and their voyages suspended for want of pallors. Our commanding officer there entertains apprehensions that soldiers cannot be kept in the publio service without a large increase of pay. Deser tions in his command have become frequent, and he recommends that those who shall withstand the strong temptation, and remain faithful should be rewarded. This abundance of gold, and the all-engrossing pur milt of it, have already caused In California an unprecedented rise In the price of the neceajiriea of ilfe. That wi? may the more f peedily and folly avail our lelves of the undeveloped wealth of these mined, it is leemed of rant importance that a branch of the mint >f the I'nited State* be authorized to be eataoliahed, it your present *e*?ion. in 'allfornia Among other igpiil ed vantage* which would result from such an *tabli*hment would be that of raining the gold te ltd jor value in that territory. A branch mint of the ^ United Stated at the great commercial depot on the test coast, would convert Into our own coin not only ibc ROld derived fiom our own rich mine*, but alaothe >uUlon and specie which our commerce may bring from ihe whole went coast of Central and South America. rhe west coast of America and the adjacent interior >mbr?ce the richest and beat mines of Mexico, New Grenada, Central America, Chill, and Peru. The bulion and rpecle drawn from these countries, and eslecially from those of Western Mexico and Peru, to an imount in value of many million* of dollar*, are now 1 inuually diverted and carried by the ship* of (treat m* Britain to her own port*, to he recoined or used toaua- L lain her national bank, and thn* contribute to Increaae m tier ability to command *o much of the commerce of I the world. If a branch mint be eatabliahed at the I J treat commercial point upon that coaat, a vast amoant I ' >f bullion and apecie would flow thither to be rneolned, I | ind pasa thence to New Orleana, New York, and other | I ttlantlc cities. The amount of our constitutional 1 mrrency at borne would be Krwatiy Increaae. while its \ I irculatfon would be promoted It ia well known I I 0 our merchant* trading to China and the weat coast 1 1 f America, that great inconvenience and io*a are ex- 1 ierlenced from thn fact that our coinaare not eurrent I 1 their per value in those countries. \ The powers of Kurope, far removed from the weat ' * oast <T America by the Atlantic ocean which inter- i , ene*. and by a tedioun and dangerous navigation \ 1 round the aouthern cape > f the continent of America, ) ' an never successfully compete with the United States / d the rioh and extensive commerce which la opened i o ua at so muoh less cost by the acquisition of Call- I Drnia. 1 The vast importance and commercial advantages of V 'alifornia have heretofore remained undeveloped by l\ be government of the country of which it constituted 11 part. Now that tbis fine province is a part of our I ountry, all the States of the Union, aome more Imme- 1 I lately and direotly than othera. are deeply interested \ : d the speedy developement of Its wealth and resources. I lo section of our country Is more Interested, or will ? e more benefited, than the commercial, navigating, 1 nd manufacturing Interests of the eastern States. lur planting and farming interests in every part|of be Union will be groatly benefited by it. As oar ommerce and navigation at* enlarged and Attended. wr exports of agricultural products and of manufacures will be increased ; and in the new markets thus >pened. they cannot fail to command remunerating ind profitable prices. | The acquisition of California and New Mexico, the I lettlement of the Oregon boundary, and the annexa- I Ion of Texas, extending to the Rio Grande, are results I rhich, combined, are of greater consequence, and will ^ .dd more to the strength and wealth of the nation 1 han any whioh have preoeded them sinoe the adop- _ ion of the ronstitutien. M But to effect tbe?e great results, not only California, M ut New Mexico, must be brought under the control of jj sgularly organitrd governments. The existing eonitlon ot California, snd of that part of New Mexloo Mng west of the IMo Orande, and without the limits H f Texas, imperiously demand that Congress should, at I s present session, organize territorial governments fl ver them. Upon the exchange of ratifioatlons of the treaty f peace with Mexico on the thirtieth of May last. ? lie temporary governmeuts whloh had been estabshed over New Mexico and California by oar military nd naval commanders, by virtue of the rights of ar. ceased to derive any obligatory fOrce from that >urce of authority; and having been ceded to the nited States, all government and control over )em under the authority of Mexloo had oeased to lift. Imprtssed with the neoraslty of establishing srritorial governments over them. I recommended the ibject to the favorable consideration of Congrese In my essage communicating the ratification of peaoe, ou le sixth of July la?t and invoked their action at that sslon Congress adjourned without making any proliion for their government. The inhabitants, by the ansfcr of their country, had beoome entitled to tha sntfits of oar laws and constitution, and yet were ft without any regularly organised government. Since ist time, the very limited power possessed by the ExSbtive has been exercised to preserve and protect them om the Inevitable consequences of a state of anarchy. he only government which remained was that estab- J ?hed by the military authority during the war. Re- { irdlng this to be a dr f cta government, and that by ie presumed consent of the inhabitants it might be >ntinued temporarily, they were advised to conform id submit to it tor the short intervening period befere ongrers would again assemble and could legislate on le futyect. The views entertained by the Kxecative i this point are contained in a communication of le Secretary of State, dated the seventh of October ft. which was forwarded Tor publication to t;anrornia nd New Mexico, a ceny of which Is herewith transit ted. rhe small military force of the regular army, which as serving within the limits of the acquired territof s at tbe close of the wsr. w?< retained in them, and Aditional forces have been ordered there for tbe pro ction of the inhabitants, and to preserve and secure tie riphts and interests of tbe United States No revenue has been, or could be. collected at tbe orts In California, because Congress failed to authol(o the estsbllsnmen*. of custom houses, or the apointment of officers for that purpose The Secretary of tbe Treasury, by a circular letter Idrersed to collectors of the customs, on the seventh *y of October last, a copy of wtlrh is herewith transited. exorcised all tbe power with which he was InMted by law. In pursuance ot the act of the fourteenth of Auist last, extending tbe benefit of oar post office laws i the people of California, the Postmaster General has >pe nted two agents, who have proceeded, the one to alifornia and the other to Ores')!), with authority to aka the necessary arrangements for carrying its prosions into efieot. The monthly line of mail steamers from Panama to ttoria bss been r< quired to " stop and deliver and ike malls at San Dl'go, Monterey, and San Kran" ? 1. ?h* th. T.u J U?ru UiAII Piriliim ?,, .?.HUVv.?. thmu* ?f Panama with the line of mall ateamer* on ?e Atlantic between Now Vork and Ohagrea, will e? ibUsh a regular mail communication with Callirnia. It laonr ao'emn duty to provide, with the leaat p rateable delay. for Now Mexico and California, regularorpanifed territorial gnvornnx-nt*. The eauaw* of ) failure to do thia at th,> latt lef*lon of Congrea* e well known, and de?ply to be regretted. With the jenirg prnepecta of increased prosperity and national eatnera which the acquisition ?f there rich and mn<l*e territorial pofaeMlooa afford, how Irrational it ould ba to forego or to reject th*?e adTantagea. by ie agitation of a domestic question which In coeval ith the existence of our government itself. and ? endanger by internal strifes, geographical diviona, and heated oontests for political power, or >r any other cause, the harmony of the gloriona nlon of onr confedeiat'd Statea j that Union blch binda ua together aa one people, and which for ity j ear* ban been our ahield and protection against rrry danger. In the eye* of the world and of poafrity. how trivial and ini"i,jnifloant will be all oar Inprnal division* and strnggles compared with the prefrvation of thla I nlon of the Statea in all Its vigor and rltb all Ita countless blessings ! No patriot woal.J folent and excite geographical and sectional divisions Jo lover of his country would deliberately calculate ?h . I nion Kuture generation* would x>k In amazement upon the folly of nueh a course.? Ither nations st the present day would look upon It ith aetonlrhment ; and ruch of them m desire to lefntaln and perpetuate throne* and monarcbln*. or riitocraticalprinciple*, will Tlew It with exultation od delight, because in It they will ?ee the clement* or ifltlon. which they hope must ultimately overturn jr *y?tem. Our* i* the (treat example of a proap*>u* and free ?elf governed republic. commanding the Imiration and the imitation of all the lover* of flrw>m throughout the world. How solemn, therefore, la le duty, how lmpre**ive the call upon 11* and npon I part* of onr country, to cultivate a patriotic *pirit harmony, of good fellowship. of eotnpromi**. and utual conne**|on. in the adminUtration of tha In. tmparable system of povernnient formed by onr faler* In the midst of almcst Insuperable difficulties, d transmitted tons. with the injunetfon that w? lould enjoy it* ble*sin||l. and hand it down unimklred to those who may some after u*. In rlew of the high and responsible duties which we ?e to ourselve* and to mankind. I trort you may be ale at your precent M**lon. to approaeh th < adjnatent of the only domeatio qne*tion which *ertoiuly ireaten*. or probably ever can threaten, to dlstnrb ie harmony and *ucces*ful operation of our system The immensely valuable po**?**lon* of New Mexico nd California are already Inhabited by a considerable Qjulation. Attracted by their <re*t fertility, their inual wtalth, thfir c miiiereial advantage* and the