Newspaper of The New York Herald, March 14, 1855, Page 2

VOLCANIC ELEMENTS IN CALIFORNIA. JM6UQZ1TI0N OF 1 NEW POLITICAL PASTY, MKttiVTf tT OF THE NATIVE CiLIFOBITlilVS. Tic New Scheme of a Western Republic. Ac., Ac., Ac. [From the Alt* California. Feb. 11} -w ?oci?tT mey be found a class of discontented ?JUSTw EXn&ij* on the watc* for an* rovolu ESTor ioMwtion by which they may better their oon SSuon lathe other States they are generally ?o few St they are hermlese, though occasionally we hear of ?!rild ivMtrte whiih some one mor. reokleM, more SeZierate, or more talented than the rest ha^once red, wSmhiA has enough of plauBlbility about it to call to ?etfcer these unappreciated geniuses fro" #u parti 0 CeMo^'waa the resort of a great many of these ?i^Mfas storm that pine away in times of peace and 7 v n. ? H.wTthev are numerous enough to wield an to be formidable. Tney t^^'htoortobeen united on anything. Home hare i*3!/^lt lhe di?i?ion of the State? seme have opposed iw, undertaken filibustering expeditions, Sbito JthfM *?re preferred to remain within the bor T.77nf the State and try their chance for office and ho ur here But aa tbe country has become filled up ?ith ^substantial population-ae society has become e*?b bshed and our people have come to have a . e. !jj~ tercet in the State, these revolutienihta sink into eance-and find themselves out of their element, unless they can get up some new schemes of aggression "fiftte find that a new party is to be organized. Some of the leading spirits among these unhappy , dis Sfected unappreciated disorginuers now propose to aneciea an pp which, as we are informed, U to Jaak e^reaiajid too us all who engage in It. Who will STat tbe head of this new Dirty we \{ on? thin* we are poaltiye, and tHat ia, the men wh# embark ia thia enterprise are dissatisfied with their re position 'rhey do not Uke it that they are not called te the highest posts of honor; nor is there one the if he could be elected to the highest position now within the gift of the people, would not oppose aoything looking towards revolution or the unsettling of society . The leaders expect to become heroes, and all talk of re IcvinR the evils of our society or improving the condi tio* of the State is mere clap trap and pretence. The join it/ then it will be becauKe it doea not promlae aum understand the principles of this new party, they are extenaiye ami comprehensive.- Firat, the Sand wlch Islands and tbe northern province* to nexed; then the lands lying within the borders of Cali^ fornia. and hitherto supposed to be the property of the United States, are to be claimed and taken as State pro perty and Uncle Sam is to be told that he must travel lad take with him his collectors and receivers, and their *?f courre California is to be divided. This will give a chance for more of our great men to figure in Congress. H will give a chance for more taxation, more plunder. Then it will bring into the new party the ultra men, who have long favored a division of the State for the sake of tatroducuig a new domestic institution. But of course this latter object will be disavowed by all but th<ne who are in favor and those who are opposed to it. It is un popular and odious with the majority of the people, and Sail intent of introducing were not denied and difayow ad at the outset, there would be a tremtnious opposition it the new party from the start. Wo do not regret that this new party is to be formed. Or at least an attempt made to form it. For tbe credit ?f California, It io to he hoped that no moro filibuster tag expeditions will be organized in our State, to make war oia neighboring nation with whichour country is at peace. It will give us a bad name abroad. Yet there are reasons why we would like to see this new party formed. IHssatisfied office-seekers, restless demagogues, will generally join it, and, after a brief and turbulent velitical career, they will sink into that insignificance and contempt from which they never would have emerged in a well regulated society. It will destroy the Influence and mischief making power of many who are now very troublesome, and whereas the e v lIi resulting from it will be transient, an ever irritating annoy ancc 'nwrefiTno man among all who will join tbis new fac tion of sufficient capacity to lead it to a Hucce^ful is oue. Wbatsver talents they have to pull down, they kave but little to build up. The people of the Mate Enerally will not approve of their scheme, pose who ve got any property will not jeopardise it by rushing tuto a wild adventure, and those who are getting up tki* magnificent party have generally nothing to lose. Some men of means must be inveigled into it or else the new* of war will be wauling. The great body of our eitiiens will not countenance any operations of the kind. They want no Western RepuHc? th.y love the Unmn aid have little fault to find with tbe treatment of California bw the general gOYernment. They lelieve that if Call fornia l? properly represented in Congress she may ?;x poet and V iu receive justice, and that wherein she has Sot been justly dealt with it has been the fanltof her ?wn Senators and Representatives, r.iey will not en counter the risks incident to sue* tmm until they are sorely aggrieved, rhey do not feel a? ZrUred aa yet, and It wilt not be in (he power of all the ?Jonuentoitors in the State to make thsm so restless as to tear down their present fabric of government for ?bo such as they would justly expect from men whose element is dlsrord and whose strength Is only a power for destruction . the new party. rFrom the Alta California, Feb. 1?.J We have received from a respausible source the print ad programme of the new party heretofore character M u our columns. Wo are no particular admirers of parties anyway, but give their programmes for what they are north. There is nothing in this basis of a political party" tbat is not in tlie profeisions of every party in the SUte, except it be , th? .annexation ^and divl Son princl]4es, and the implied independency ?f the Pa cific states. Our readers can see for themselves the do cument in thi? paper. , The heading of the article has been ?uPPlie<1 10 kand It seems to us a great misnomer, hut It may he ?ntitled to more consideration than we at first iunposcd. la this a movement for a S'ate organization and ticket ?f the Know Nothing^ or a something to get thelr sup port? There Is some mystery about it ? that is, if there U anything. There are no names, and strong nega t Ions. What appears as a dirmed is not worth the pa per on which 't is printed. The California party will be made of quite another material. It will be the P*rty of tbe people ? independent of party for tbe ?ke of office. There munt be some inspiring principle avo#cd 1 that will wako up the people and arouce the energy which gold eannot purcbare, and lead to the accomplishment of an object worthy the struggle of noble men. That princi ple the anxious ear wakes and listens to hear announced. ^Tbe people want a leader? bold, patriotic an 1 pnn pioled in the right. The heart aches to catch the worls ?'Onward? march!" The neceseity of the times has ptoduced this mirage, which the inexperienced may Sake for the refreshing water?;butit will soon pasi away, and only increase the longing for the cooling Stream. ? Where is the man ot progress,'' thousands are saying, "the man of heroic daring, the bold re jprmor, the patriot, the genius of the people, to or ? -i,. &nd lead to victory* We are tired of the useless Struggle between the ins and oute; we vote thl? change that, and gain nothing; an'i now we demand honea iv. rig ht and truth.' 1 it What sort of a platform, and what k*nl of men will Mtiafy thia demand? Not the old platforms remodiQed. ?o. away with them! They are orginiiatlon* which have served their day, and have been perverted to ty *anny. Here, in this very programme, th?y seek to Mnd men to the worst things of our civil latioo. They some forward to crush, by another serpentine turn, ths ?airit of freedom which has dashed the old parties to atoms, and was freeing lUelf from fetter i to rue into the light of unperverted truth. They solemnly decree ?ilence and "finality" on the subject of negro slavery. What have we to do with it? Is slayf r? here, or do these men wish it here, tbat they tewiaod p ilence? Are they afraid of liberty and American tfeftnght and atteranceY Would they make us slaved The general government has been ostracising and pro perlblng long ?nough, anrt all the power ot pirty masUin orv has been applied to "crush out" popular sjinpathieg. Udel ty to liberty has beeu considered a disqualification for office before this n^w party hoiit?d its banners. It to an old, an ab> minat}lo tyranny. We would no; pro peri be any man for his sentiments on slavery. Ibis ? uestlon ohould not be a test of party fidelity; for, if you start ? party which make- it a te-t, wilt not othere |*o 1 bound to start the party of free dlscusvou, and claim the right to canvass all questions of in'erest and Importance? Who is it that would strangle the utter ance rf manly sentiments, in a nsnly style, on any great question? He ia no' the leader of the California partj| Tbe claim Is a piece of political quackery, mofofit) ixonrs of the natiyk OAt.iroRVfiHS. [Frem tbe t an 1'ranciaco News, Feb. 10.) It seems tbat tbe rumor of an entire abandonment of par State, by the native population, la not altogether without foundation, and. ttiat a portion at least of the pooplo who occupied the country prior to the treaty of Aaadalupo Hidalgo, are in favor of an oarly emigration to tho dominions of M?xico? ra'ber than submit longer to what they consider gross injustice and mpreselop of our government. We learn that last evening a meeting ol native CaUtornian* was h*ll at the St. Francie I total, at wWh exOovernor Juan B. Alvarado, presided and fl.nor ('.aasaueuva a-ted M oecretary. The attendance wa? not large. y\ hig'ily roopectable, r?pre?entlng tho most w>atthg an! lull i?n tiaf of the once pruud prosperous ranchlk Hut liltle was done further than entering into an Wplanttionof tbe purposes for which the meeting had been convene 1, and taking partial consideration of a resolution prnvld iac for the election of a junta permanent' ot permanent Board of Wreck re- The position aooumod by those pre peat was eet forth a? 'oil owe : That the native Califor aaans have been. aaJ are bein^, deprived of their proper ty, and insult is added to injury, till it had become a natter of impossibility for th< m to remain in the land wkere they themselves and their children were born ? feat there is no hope for peace but tn voluntary exile. M'xieo. once their government, will be glad to receive them again. Their wealth and vigor and experience wi I vender them valuable as colonists to her, and she wi I offer th.m lands and privileges They do not propose to leave immediately They will ??end two deputies to 80 pora. and if necessary to the city of Mexico, to obtain a toant of land In f?nora, an l other concessions ; and after *a deputies return hither the grant will be considered. acceptable the association will then emigrate, aad form ? colony of their own. A??TI^R 1LKMWVT OK OlgAFFTtCTIOX ? OPPRESSION OF THF. POST OFFtr* I.AWR. [ Nom the San FrancUco News, Feb. 12.1 Wo are lafomed that there Is a project 1 v'n . pass a series <>f resolutions through oar I.*frlstatnr* me ?sria'lsing Cn^rns for the restitution of the exc*ae ??or three coats upon each letter that has t>e?n hereto- . ^e fere collected fwtm the people of this State, in tho ! t bafe of postage. IbU claim is founded on these grounds ( th* postal law provide* that the charge for carrying each letter to uj part of the United B la tea wtthia a distance of three thousand mile*, shall uniformly be three cents if prepaid. Now It la contended that the diitanse from the Eastern States, overland, to San Francisco, does not exceed three thousand miles: and that it is the duty of the government to transmit the mails by the ueareat route, if practicable. If the department chooses to se lect a circuitous way, and thereby exceed the legal dis tance, It is its own affair. It has no right to ask the people of this B'ate to pay them double the tax, because of Ha own failure to take advantage of the nearest road. To assume any other position, it is contended, and allow the government to choose what route it may please, would be giving it the right to send oar letters around toe globe? to forward them via the Cape of Good Hope ? and call upon us to pay the additional expense. The movers in thia matter, then, lay it down as the correct rule, that the mail cannot depart from the direct road, to travel a circuitous one, unless the nearest route is impracticable? or at least, unless a great Having of time Is effected. The department cannot pretend that the overland route is, or has been, impracticable. So much light has lately been thrown upon the feasibility of transmitting the mails npon it, by the agitation of the proposed wagon road, that such a position could not be sustained a moment, if attempted, The only remain ing excuse is, that the conveyance upon steamers by the Isthmus route, was preferred, on account of its adding to the i-peed or certainty of transmitting the mails. Both of these positions are disputed. It is claimed that exactly contrary is the case. And another fact is urged with effect. As long ago as 1861, respon sible parties, now in this State, proposed to convey the mails by the overland route, and offered to give satisfactory security for its speedier and safer trans mission than by the steamers. These proposals the government failed to consider. And, now, it Is asked, after our people have pointed out the nearer way, and prayed to be allowed to carry their mills by it, because the government chooses to continue sending it three thousand mile* out of the way, ought it to ask them to pay her a large gratuity annually Tor so doing f It is onerous enough that her bad management compels us to wait two or three days longer for our letter*, without having to pay twice as much for thi* inconvenience. Tile Trip of the SufM|uehanna> TO TI1E EDITOR OF THE UiRALD. The highly interesting narrative of the Susquehanna'* cruise, which appeared in the Hhuld, i* foil of facts. That magnificent war bteamer, her movements and transactions, as recorded by her good chaplain, are entitled to all the consideration so handsomely be stowed. But, unfortunately? and, no doubt, acciden. tally ? there r-eema to stand, in the flrst sentence of the narrative, a capital error. The Susquehanna should not claim to have been " the pioneer of the late Japan expedition." More than a year before the Susquehanna reached the shores of Japan, the Saratoga? one of the fleet visited yie Majico-slma group, the most westerly islands of the empire ; and her officers had official interviews with the chiefs of Pa tchung-san and Ko kien sin, simi lar, in mof't respects, to the subsequent, interviews of the Commodore with the authorities of LooChoo and NinioB. * ft will be remembered that the Saratoga visited those islands in pursuit of the Chinese mutineers who had murdered the officers of the ship Robert Bowne, and hal sought refuge upon their shores. After a week's hunt through the almost impenetrable swamps and over the bleak hills, by the officers in command of the several divisions of the ship's crew, they succeeded, by night surprises in the jungles, to which the fugitives livl tied, In capturing about one hundred of them, who were taken to Hong Kong for trial. Day after day and night after night, under the broil ing sun of the former and the drtnciag rains uf the lat ter, their powers of endurance were so severely tried that neither the officers or crew entirely recovered from the fatigue and exposure, even up to the close of their four year's cruite. And in this affair there were several pratty active conflicts with the desperate Coolies wben surprised in their hiding places at midnight, and by the blaze of torchlight. Two or threo were killed, as many wound ed, and more of them died after capture befoie reaching China. The greatest possible care and caution w?re taken by the officers to prevent injury to those who could be taken without tho use of sword, pistol or musket. A full account of the affair appeared soon alter wards in the Herald, by its correspanient in China. The Chiefs if Majico sima ? five or six in number? re ceived the officers of the Saratoga, i] la Japanese, in a house temporarily erected for tae occasion an the beach, near the anchorage, some two or three miles from the capital town? entertained tbem with a royal feast of soups, sugars, eackee and pipes ? volunteered their ser vices to promote the object of tho stranger's visit ? made presents tj th* ship, and received present* from the officers with reluctance. I'rergely the sanw m in ner* and customs, the same excessive potit-snoss, similar in costume, and evidently the same institution), as those which prevail in other part* of Japan. Indeed, there is not so much difference in those respects be tween Yedo, I.00 Choo and Mnjlco-sima as between Bis ton. Charleston and New Orleans. No me can doubt, with good reason*, that the entire line of iilands east of Formosa are a part of Japan. Attain when, the year following, our squadron visited Loo Choo, the successful exploits of the Saratoga M the Majico simas were referred to as matter of history by the LooChoo chiefs, and it is but fair to presume that they had a tendency to impress the chiefs with a belief that Americans would be likely to accomplish whatever they might undertake; nor should it be doubted that the in teiligcnce of these exploits had already been communi cated to Yedo through the principality of -'atiumi, of J which Loo Choo is a dependency, if not an integral part. The Saratoga was the Higtof the fleet which visited Japan ? flnt of the expedition to am hor upon the shores ot that empire. She made three visits to th* oouutry in three successive years, and after the treaty of Kenne fawa wis concluded, she hastened acrou the PaniUc an I urried that important document over the Isthmus to the capital of our country. ihe official interviews of Captain Walker and offiserg with the iligu tarici of Majico oima in 1852, wero as courtly, amicable, and circumstantial (though not so brilliant) as those of the Commodore at Napa Kiang in 1853. and at Yedo in 1854. There was the most striking i Imilantr in the ceremonies of deliberation on the part of th* U landers. Everything claimed for the gallant old flagship Is conceded, with the tingle exception of her pretension to have keen "the pioneer of the lat-) Japan Expedition."' A HVlUrO JA SAILOR. The Murder of Two K later* In South Gard ner, Ham. The Boston Traveller ba? an account of the old blood ed murdtr of two old ladies, at South Gardner, Man., in a letter from tliat place, which says : ? A fiendish crime Las been committed in this vicinity, between Bftl'Jw'nville and Gardner. Two aged ma* den sisters, living ulonc, some distance from their nsighbriri, were cruelly killed on Tuesday night Tho sistem slept Id separate rooms, and had goue to bed. One w as lulled on the bed, by related blows of a large chair lound, and the other was felled by the sawe weapon as sho was coming from her bedroom adjoining, (probably to see what ailed her sister), and tlien a large stoue had been thrown on her to compute the inrernal de*d One lay ou the bed. the other at the foot, on the lloor. Both were awfully hoaten upon the bead. The intent of the murderer was robbery, as every thing wa* ransacked They were poor, were somewhere near sixty years of age. and were sisters of the late Ahucr Knuelant, t'm inlldel. Both were pious. A vagrant Frenchman has been arrestod on suspicion of being the murderer. The Traitller adds:? Tne murder, when announced in Fitchbur* on Thursday night, create 1 an intense excite ment. 'the fact that there aopeared to be no motive for the crime- the victims being without any valuab'e moveables or money? was considered a remarks he cir cumstance. It is thought tint a nvit.tk* was mile, as there is another maiden couple abiut half a mile distant, from the place of the murder, who are we I otr, but who, however, do not keep any great amount of money in the house. A correspondent of the Milford Journal gives the fol lowing additional particulars of this horrid atfalr ? ti akI'xkk, March 7, nearly Midnight. Mr. FM it jr ? It wax my'purpose to write to you at this time about a far dilerunt matter than the one w>iieh is the moat plain before me. I have just returned from witnessing one of the meat horrible sights imaginable This evening I wa- at a Lyceum gathering, hearing some remarks on emigration and secret societies, &i,,lo su swer to a lecture last week by the Rev. Dan<el Foster, in favor of the former and opposed to tho 1* ter, under the name of "The character and life of Washington," wh-o we were startled by ?n announcement at the door that a murdrr bad been committed, and help was nee'ed We started with a rush, and on <>ur ""ay found tht*. the supposed mur'erer was arrested, and wo took a look at him and went on. We came to ih* li'Mi-e ? a i oor old dilapidated alf?ir ? In which h*l lived tw.> old females, one VHaud the other t<8, known by tlie name of the Kne?laad maids. They wfre subjects of chanty, though not on the town en tirely. lbo lower sash of the window wis stove in or ont, and there upon the floor, in her n!giit clothe*, Uy one of these old women, with her head *11 crushed or stabbed. (There was ru:h a crowd I had to lo?k in at the window, and i herefors eould not tell certain.) On the bed was the other, and near her was a bloody chair, with which the deed was doae. Oh, it was awful! It wa? probably dene for plunder, as iheir truant were burst open. The men arrestee is a Fren ;hman, one of the most ugly looking object* imaginable? some like Dickens' "Fsgi'n. '' His clothe* had spots of blood on them, and he wa* seen near the house, which is situated one and a h|lf mile* firm tb? village. If he is innocent of the ciime he ought not to go at large. No sum wonld tewpt ace to he willing to have such an object cowie to my house, if I lived In such a situation, although tbi? ha I never occurred. The TVaiWJer learns that the Frenchman, whose look* so disturbed the writer for the Milford paper, has been discharged, bnt a man named Gecrge Stacy was arrested at Winctiendon just as he wa* about taking the cars for Burlington. 1 he nsmss of the deceased are. Miss M<r riam Kneeisnd .and Mrs Harah K. Chtnney, the W>'er being a widow. The plase of the murder was the birth spot of their brothf r A conetpondent of the Journal speak* of the person arrested at Winshendon depot as being a Canadian, about SO years of age, small In stature an 1 Inferior In appearance Suspicion rested upon him, and h? was watched through Thursday. He said he wa* going to work in Gardner on Friday; bnt seme time n the night took bit clothes and started from the place On being mi*?ed, scouting parties were sent in every direction, and he wa* captured at this station while v'enning on boar J the cars, having purchased a ticket to Darlington, on bi* way to Canada. Hr-MAN RiMArxs Forxn in Roc hwiter? Consi derable eicitement exist* at Rochester. Induced by the finding on Friday of the remains of a human body in a bsrn. which ha* not been used for the past three yetri. The remains were in a decayed condition, and had the appearance ef having been in 'he place where found for some month*. The body an.l llmNi were eat in pieces and rats had made much havoc with the flesh. It i* supposed that the remain* are those of a female, and there I* some suspicion that they are from a diasectiaf room. Important from the Cabinet ?rgauw Another Dod?? on tttc Caban <laeaUon~IUgtU aboat [From the Washington Union, lUrek 11.] OUB nWlNT AND FDTCBI ULiTIOKI WITH CtTBA. Til* late declaration of the Spanish Cor tea that " the "?!? ol Cuba would be the sale of Spanlah honor"? which 11 pzeauated to embody the general aen times t of the aa Uon? aeema, for the preeeat at least, to here placed th? peaceable acquisition of that lalaad by tbe United Stat e* bejond all reasonable anticipation. Apparently, ita deatiny la to remain, as now, a perpetual thorn in their Bidte? the theatre of the intrigue* of Great Britain, feigned under tbe old pretest of philanthropy, and the Bliant instrument in the handa of the Anglo French al ance fcr embarrassing our commerce and oppreaaing our citizens, aua the convenient rendezvous of the allied fleets, for tbe purpose of intimidating the United atatc a under pretence of protectidg the righta of Spain. But thia ia not the worst. Actuated by that coascioua reaa of weakness which generates perpetual suspicion, the authorities of the island, and the agents of Spain in tbe United States, have ? stablished a ay a tern of espio sage among ua aa watchful aad jealoua aa that of the police of l aria and London, hot a v?>sel la flttet out at our seaports but ia subject to their Inquisition, and if it chance that a keg ol' powder, an old musket, or a rusty cutlass, ia detected going on board, tbe alaim ia given, the cry of filibusters raided, the civil au thorities invoked to arrest the voyage, and the 1'resident of the Cn ted States called on to enforce the neutrality laws 1 he whole nation is agitated by rumora of plots and unlawful combinations, and a pretext given to the despot of Cuba for new sacr'tices ol Spaulsh suhjecta, and new outrages and indignitea to American citizen*. Not only this, but through tbe Instrumentality of the British and French press, all Kurope rings with tbe atro cious disregard by the people of the I'nited States of tbe laws and rights of nai ions, and tbe inexcusable negli gence, if not co- operation, ol the gnveruiu. nt, in not promptly srreiting these premeditated outrages. Ibua the portentous phantom is perpetually resusci tated ami paced b< f?re tbe world; thus the repose of ?he people of tbe United States is op:ea singly disturbed by rumora having no other foundation than the coward ly apprehensions of conscious guilt, and tbe deep laid political schemes of an insidious enemy. Thus, too, Is our commerce embarrassed, our citizens exposed to vex atious Interruptions in the pursuit of their lawful avo cations, and th? national character aasailed by every rumor, however idle, and every apprehension, however destitute of any foundation whatever. No one converaant with the course of policy pursued by Great Britain in relation to Cuba, under color ol the broad mantle of philanthropy, can doubt for a moment that her object is to convrrt that fertile island into an other ft L'omlcgo or Jamaica, and that she is in a fair way ( f attaining that object She baa established a sort of imptrium in imperio in that islan ?a sort of "mixed commisrioij," as it is called, composed of recognized Kug hah agents and Spanish subjects, the latter of whom are known to be tbe mere tools of the former; audthis commission pit sides over the interests of the slave po pulation? the most important of all others to the creole whites. It is sufficiently notorious that Cuba is no*, though nomioal'y a colony of Spain, a dependency of the Anglo French alliance It ia doubly enslaved : first, by the despotism of the mother couutry, and next by the arrogance ot its pretended protectors, who are ineessant ly < mpk'yed m undermining the great pillars of its in ternal peace and prosperity, under pretence of arrest tog the slave trade, whi:h they are, in lact, endeavor ing to introduce in the disguise of coolies or peons? the moat oppressive and aggravated form which slavery ever assumed. Ihe good philanthropist, I .as Casas, no doubt believed he bad achieved a great triumph of hu manity by substituting the American Indians in p'ace of tbe African negroes as slaves; and the great philan thropist, John Bull, pretends to believe he will accom plish a similar feat by inveigling tie poor Chinese into the toils of cooleyism and peonisin. Neither the Chinese nor the South American Indians are blick, and, conse quently, ttey do not come within the sphere of British philanthropy. But. setting thia aside, so far as we can penetrate the dark region ol the future, we do not hesitate to predict that Cuba, under its present ani future influences, will continue to be a thorn in the side of tho United States, and stick deep- r and deeper with the progress of time. It has lately btea a bad neighbor, and is likely to become every day worse. The pride o^ Npuin, su-taiuad alone on the basis of past glory an^; power, which have long been lost, and can never returd, even were another New World discovered, and bolstered up by a crnsh on either side, will, in all probability, hereafter exhibit little else than the arrogance of the s'ave when conscious he will be sustained by his master. We believe it will be impos sible to hve fn peace with such a neighbor, so long aa it remains m its present state of vassalage. The colonial authorit es of toat island have, it seems, the power of inflicting injuries, but zone to make reparation; and the gov emm> nt of the United States is compelled to appeal to a distant tribunal, who.-e mixim is, never to do to day what can be put off till tomorrow. Ihe well known fact that Spain ia in lebtod to the united States for the continuance ot her dominion in Cuba bo far from inclining her to be even grateful or even just lias only made her more arrog.iut and ins-n sible to reason or liberality. But for the neutrality lawn of the United States, which are far more strict tLiiD those of any other government. Cuba won Id at this mon.eut have been at least independent, if not annexed to thia confederation, bad such been its desire. Tne government ottlie Coiled States was the great instru ment that attested what in a few months would have been an Invasion, whhh no other power, In or out of Cuba, could nave resisted. The government ot the iLittd states preserved Cuba to Spain, aud in ho doing consigned nmny of ita heroic, though mistaken, citizens to the te uder mercies of Spunlsb justice, which all know ia equally piompt and unsparing. Wh ist the sonduct of Spain has entitled her to no special k'ndness on our part, we have submitted to her repeated insults and wrongs, and have voluntarily preserved on our statute book law a which constitute the practical guirantee of her Cuban property. So far from withdrawing thia vir toal protection which Spain enjoys through our neutral ity laws, our government has manifested a constant vigilance in preventing their infract.ou, which baa pro voked the censures of many of its own citizens AH this is lost upon Spanish pride, or only serves to insti gate it to grosser wrongs and insults. The vigilance of President Pierce in watching, and his promptitude in arresting, every auapected attempt to transgress tbe neutrality laws, is sufficiently detnon atrated by his whole course of policy on the subject; an 1 jet the foreign aud the Anglo American press, which is its "gentle echo," is not quite satisfied of his sincerity. Nor are Spain snd tbe Cuban authorities at all contented with tbes? public snd t'esiaive ucts, which have hitherto arrested all domestic combinations for tbe invasion of tuba Spain and the authorities of her "brightest jewel are not satisfied, and never will be satisfied, lhey canrot eleep iu peace for the apparition of the grim phantom of fillbuaterism; and in proportion to rB. " ^eir hatred of the government aud people of the I nited States. There is, therefore, every reason to believe that tin futnre intercousse between Cuba aud the I niied States, so long as it remains a colony of ? pam, will be little else than a succession of intuits and njuriea on the part of the former, and unavailing efforts to obtain either reparation or apology on that of the latter. What, then, ia to be done with such an impracticable neighbor, whom it seeing Impossible to conciliate, and who, under its present protectors, cannot tie inilmidatad into a cessation or an atonement for insult and wrongs ? Tbe obvioua answer to this question Is, that the pur chase of Cuba presents the only peaceful remedy which would certainly pia :e the relations of the two countries on fhe fure basis of enduring frienhhip This is the measure propose* by the report of tbe OsUnd'conlerence, and approved by the administration. But we have shown that, for tne preaent at least, this measure is re garded as impracticable. Other remedies bave been suggested which addresa themselves to the legislative de partment of tbe government. The repeil of our neu trality laws was proposed in Congress near its close, but there were obvious reasons why so grave a proposition could not th- n be satikftctorily considered and acte 1 upon. That tbe repeal of our neutrality laws would soon be followed by a successful revolution in Cuba can admit if little doubt, that such a revolution would be effectuated without ult'maMy involving the United States in a war wth Spain, a.id probably with England and France, ran hardly be assumed by any one. whilst we have so fair a prospect of being compelled to resort to coercive measures for tbe redress of wrongs and in suits already corrmltUd and persistently uuatoned for by Hps n , we at* not disposed to anticipate a resort by Congriss to an indirect mode of bringing about a state of war. In rouflrmation of this remark, we rsly upon certain earnest and significant pa-ages in the despatch of Mr. -Varcy, of November 13, 1*54, which indicate clearty tbat a continuance of our present difficulties with Spain is inconsistent with a continuance of peace Jul rets tions. Mr. Marcy says; "While the island of tuba remains a depencency of Spain, snd the character | ol tbe rule over it la not changed, (and ? change for the better can hardy be anticipated. J annoyances to our trade, nnd d:dl ultlcs between our citi/.-ns and the Io;al " authorities, will be of frequent occurrence; aud it Is scare* ly reasonable to expect that apta*e thus ren dered precarious will long r. main unbroken." Agaia "in resum ng i egotiations with Sp.in, you w 11 in a firm but mpect'ul iranner Impress upoa the ministry th.it it is the <'et# rnii uation of the Crendpot to hive all til matters in cootrovsrsy b?tw?en her and the United States speeoily adjusted. He is desirous to have it don* by negotiation, nnd would exceedingly regret that a failure to reach the end he baa in view in thispea-eful way should devolve upon him the duty or recommending a lesirt to eosreive m*a?ures to vlndicite our national light* and redress the wrongs of our citizens." Iheae passages indicate with distinctness th* probability of an earlj rupture with Spain as the last remedy for injuries already Inflicted. Our negotiations w?h .-pain during th* recess ol Congress will be coadnct?d with a lull knowledge < n h? r part that Hey must arrive at a satisfactory con clusion dnrin* that time, or that coercive measures to vindicate our national rights and redr?sa the wrongs of onr citiiena will be urge,) upon C-mgreaa. To this course the President stands pledg-d and if, unfortunately frtr Spain her futnre course snail te aa unjuat as her past, Congress will be required to determine whether the rtmp-lv una) I to applied by an opto and direct roaori to ?oree, or by tbe indirect mode of reraaliog our neutral | tty laws There Is *1 ill another proposition which look* beyond the mere fett!?ni?nt *td satisfaction of injures Mid w r?og* a'ready I flicted -the *ei/ure of the Island of Cub? ?fv?r a refusal by ^psin to ?ell, upon the pr ncipleof o? tion?l?elf pre*erva"on. This proportion, lino the former, addressee Itee'f to the l*|ii?l?tiv? rlcp?rtin?nt of our go vernm?nt It i* | r**-nted "1th imposing weight in tho report of the late Os'end crnterence, The fact that it hue jrorokeJ the T.olent denunciation* of the leading journ?l? opposed to the acquisition of Cub*, furnishes no eyli'ence that the doctrine aeserted by the three Its Uncuisbid conferee* i? net *ount and defensible. Con gree* may not arrive a* the conclusion that toe state of things e*'sts wbleh would justi'y a resort to it ft* proper, hut we vt nture c"nfl<'en'ly to predict that no American Con?re?i will erer repudiate tbe principle itself. A re sort to it pr?-suppo*es two precedent condition*, flr*t, ttiat a full and liberal price for Cuba kas been refused by Spam, second, tba' the annex alius of the inland is es sential to tbe integrity and perm inence of our I'nion. lbe?* two conditions eetoliehed, the principle of nation al eelf-pre?er?ation became" as clearly tt nahle as is the s?me ("octrine amorg*t individuals. A* is w?U said by the conferees, this principle " ha* been made the preteit for conmti tint flagrant injustice," and for that reason It ought enly to be resoited to as a nat remedy, and strictly for eelf pret trTfttion. Thus understood ?uJ thu* ' fMcrttd to, it is as Mend a principle u the right to re >Ut on just tyranny and oppression. To pro po*? by no gotiation to purchase Cuba belongs legitimately to the executive; bat upon the refuaal of Spain to sell, If be long* to Congress to determine whether the forcible ces sion of the island U necessary to our internal peace and the existence of our cheriahed Union. In the emphatic language of the Uatend conferees: " Our past history forbids that we should acquire the Island of Cuba with out the consent of Spain, unless justified by the great law of self-preservatfcn. We must, in any event, pre serve oor own conscious rectitude and our own self res pect. " These are elevated and patriotic sentiments.and will find a ready response in every American heart. They are the sentlmenta which will animate and cootrol Con gress whenever it Is called on to decide whether Cuba in the possession of Spain seriously endangers our Internal Seace and tbe existence of our cherished Union. Until Iplomacy shall have been exhausted in fruitless efforts to obtain redress for pait injuries and security against future wrongs, these grave queations, addressing them selves specially to Congress, may very well be postponed by the executive Wben the proper time comes, the re commendations of the President will indicate distinctly the measures which, in his judgment, shall be demanded by the national honor. New* from the British West Indies. LOBS OF H. B. M. W1B SCHOONER BERMUDA.? THE WEATHER? CHINESE IMMIGRANTS IN TROUBLE -IN DUSTRIAL PROQRKSa AND EXECUTIVE NEGLECT? A MOVEMENT IN THE BAPTIST CHURCHES. We have received our files of Kingston (Jamaica) papers, dated to tbe 20th of February. The news is not very important, but the journals contain some interest ing miscellaneous items. Tbe Kingston Morning Journal of the 5th alt., says:? The brigant ne Bermudlana, from Turks Island, arrived at I'ort Antonio on the 1st inst. She reports the total oss of Her Majesty's schooner Bermuda, Lieutenant Cushman, lately commanded by Capt. Jolly. The ship Prince Albert, from Portsmouth, with a de tachment of the 36th Regiment, was in tbe Offing last evening. The Falmouth Pott of Feb. 15, speaking of the weather, jays:? Breezy, rainy, attended with a heavy Hwell of the (tea from Btrong westerly winds. About half -past ten AM., on Sunday, the town was visited by a sort of whirlwind, wliicn raised a cloud of dust over the house tops, and seemed for a moment disposed to carry every thing before it. It began'in a northerly direction, and veered round to Ihe southwest stripping leaves from trees as rotten limbs, which were strewed about In largo quantities. Several plantain trees were snapped as if sawn through the middle, and other trees were also bro ken down. The waves rolled into the bay with great violence, lashing ths already dilapidated seawalls on the shore. While we write this the rollers continue to break upon tbe shore with a tremendous roaring noise. Tbe Kington Morning Journal of the 10th ult. al ludes to tlie condition of the Chinese immigrants, in the following terms: ? " Several of these people are still wan dering ? bout the island, begging alms of tbe inhabitants. Klngs'on, Spanish Town, and St. Ann's Bay have been more troubled with these beggars than anywhere else; but tbe second named town will soon be entirely rid of them, as the magistrates have given directions to the police to take them into custody as vagrants. Already have their Worships sentenced many of these idlers to the St. Ca therine's Listrict Prison, and they are now working in tbe streets of Spanish Town. " The same journal inlorms us of the industrial pro gess of the island, thus: ? " We have just returned Dm our second visit to the Local Exhibition, and we are glad to find that it has proved, in spite of ominous predictions, a complete triumph; and those gentlemen who have so indefatigably persevered in getting up ar ticles lor tbe Paris Exhibition, are entitled to the thanks of the ccmmunity." Notwithstanding this favorable picture, we find that Mr. Thompson gave notice of tho following motion In the Htuse of Assembly, on the 13th of tbe same month: Kf solved, That the depressed c.nditioa of the country, aggravated by the increased duties levied In the British market on its chief article of export, demand the serious consideration ot this Bouse, representing the general body of the people, with the view to the early enact ment of measures tending to the relief and support of tbe agriculture of the colony. Itssolved, That this House, whflst regretting .that no vroposition should have emanated from the Executive Committee calrulated to alleviate tho distress under wbich tbe agricultural interests ate confessedly labor ing. feels called upon to declate that unless 4ome com pretenslve measures are at once proposed with this im p rtsnt object, tbe island must speedily cease to be an exporting country. a large met ting of an sssociation'called 'The Jamaica Baptist Association of Ministers and Churches," had been belb in Spanish Town Upwards of sixty delegates at tended. Among the objects contemplated in this union are the following:? 1. 'lo promote the interests of re ligion in cocnection with ihe Baptist denominations in this island and in Africa. 2. To cultivate friendly in tercourse and cordial co- operation in everything relative lo the associated churches. 2, Te establish fraternal correspondence with the churches connected with the union and otber bodies of Christians throughout the Is'and. 4. To aldresi an annual letter to tbe associated churches, with such information as may be deemed ne cessary. 5 To obtain accurate statistical Information relative to the churches and schooli^ln the connection. 6. To assist in tbe establishment and support of new stations, and to take cognizance of everything affecting the interests of the denominate n, and of religion and education in general, throughout the island. Tie In on is founded on a full recognition of the dis tin ? ? ive principles of each respective chnrch, viz: tbe Scriptural right of every church to maintain perfect in t ep< licence in tbe government and administration of its own {.articular affairs. Opening of the Great Railway Suspension Bridge at Niagara Fulls. ONION OF THE UNITED STATES AND THE CANADAS. flrcm the I'ullalo Express, March 10.] A rpecial train left Hamilton, C. W., yesterday morn ing, for tbe purpose of crossing the suspension bridge, being tlie first train that has passed over this magnifi cent triumph of engineering skill. The Managing Di rector of the Great Western railway, the Vice President, and the heads of the several departments, with their invited guests, arrived at tbe brdge about 1 o'clock. Tie passenger engine and tender, crowded with people, crossed over to tbe American side, and after returning, one of the mammoth English freight engines made Its appearance cn the track, gaily decorated with British snd American colors? Hying in honor of llie union of British America and the United States ? and crowded with the novelty end excitement seeking spectators At tbe monent that the colossal engine entered upon ths bridge, the crowd united tbe!r voice in singing " God Suve the Queen!" and as It passed to the centre, three hearty cheers were given and responded to hy the de lighted multitude on both the American and Canadian sit'es of the river. Tbe train tber proceeded to the .American side where ? British mingling with Yankee voices ? ''Hail Cclum h a" and "Yankee Doodle" were sung with the same hear'inets sod spirit that had characterized the singing of Britain's national air. Tbe opening of this mighty and magnificent structure ? well worthy of being classed with the world's wonders ?really ferms an epoch in the history of the world. It unites with stiong iron bands two countries? to the in telligence and enterprise of whose inhabitants the bridge owes its existence, aud stands a fitting monu ment. Its strength can never be fully tested? the weight of a 'ally lsden train beiDg but a trifle in comparison to . its capacity. A train of eight cars, filled with passes^ " gets, two buggage cars, locomotive and tender, weigi but about l;)C tons; this being only one sixtieth of its immense capacity. Ihe influence that this union of railroads will have, both In a commercial and social point ot view, can bardly We over-estimated? judging from the enormous traffic that already seeks this delightful and expeditious route under the heretofore existing want of connections of tbe railways terminating at the bridge. The railway portion of the bridge is, we understand, lessed and controlled by the Great Western Railway Conipsny. atd bas laid upon it tracks of three different gauges, vis ? The New Yrrk Central, 4 feet 8 i{ ? The Hmira, Cscandaigu* and N. Falls, 6 feet; The Great Western, ft fiet rt inches; ?thus aflording ta?. litle? for the transit of passengers ami fiuirht from all the different lines. The following statistics will give some idea of tbe great brdge cud its capacity, from which some inter esting calculations might be' made? such as total length of wires, Ac , Ac.? bat these must be reserved for a future occasion:? Ierif'h of span from centre to centre of to vers. 822 feet. Height of tower above ruck on tho Atusr can side, HS " Do. do. do. Canada " 78 " Iio. do. do. floor of railw'j, 60 " Number of wire ctbles 4 I iaroi ttr of ( aeh cable 10 inch. Numbt-rofNo V wire- on each cable Ultimate aggregate strength of cables 12.400 tons. Weight of superstructure "ftO " Be. do and msxiuro loads 1,2S0 ?' Maximum weight the cable and stays will sappert. 7,300 ?? Height of track above water 234 feet. finpremc Conrt? (Jentml Tri m. Bon. .Iud|ea Mltihel), Morris tad C'.erke, presi ling. DECISIONS. Abraham ?. William J. Staples et al.? Order ap pealed from aSrmeil with coata Meplien Binner T Eugen.j I jt tiaj et al. In id aetlcn ?*inst two partner*, one of tliera ha* no pewrrto make t\? offer to the plaintiff to take judg ment under the c?le on behalf of himaeif and hie oo. partner, without iqne evidence from which it Is to be inferred that hi* co-nertrer authorized him and mad* the offer, or ?*?ent*(fto it Order appealed fr<r\ to be modified without coats, ?o tbat Boulnnd, the otker defeadaat, need not give se curity. Frtwurd Berk and offers ?. J. Hyback et al. ? Order appmltd from to be trodfied without coats, aacordintr to interlineation* made bj the court in the copy nub n it te<* to the court. Andrew 9. Oarr, petitions, Ac., in Kanouae *. Mor ton ? Older ?rpea>'l from ^firmed, on condition that plaintiff consent that petition* t* made a co defendant ; if consent l? not glr? n, order %p?alod from to be modi fleo with ttat condition. C.'rorge W. Ruateed t James t.jnch. ? Reaerved. lewia Cortisv P Leayitt et A ? Id this caae a ape elal receiver bad applied to the c<urt' for instructions *ith regard to the fund* in hia h*u|a. held, that he ia an rfllrer ?>? the court, aa much ao .? the eUrk of the conrt would he if toe lield the fnnda. avi ia therefore en titled to the inatructinna of the conrt, ?nh reference to bis duty under It* directions. Kperial receWer la directed rot to pavMieaums de creed to be paid by the llrat decree, until tt< appeal be dlapoied of, or the further order of the c?urt. The ro?ta of all parties on tbis motion to he paid oit of the furi'l when the appeal ahall be disposal or. Hen 8 fount * Ocorg" W. Elwards ? Orifcr ap pealed fr<m affirmed with coats. The People ei rel Cropeey ?. Richmond I'lank Road CYn.pany ?Order appealed from affirmed with ooate. John ftrahatn t Tierce J. Arery? Order appealed from aCrxaed with coat*, VottM ?T KMlwl PabUMttwA Ih ? " Amkucan Mbdioal Gazstti and Jocbhal op Hsalth," edited by Dr. Meredith Reese, and publiahed by Dlx, of New York, baa reached the third number o! the sixth volume. This number (new aeries) is now before us, and is well calculated to sustain the reputation of the periodical as a vehi cle for the diffusion of interesting and original mat ter amongst the members of the profession. A con tributor, " Knickerbocker," furnishes an artiole under the heading of " Medical Education in New York," in which he cauterizes pretty severely the management and arrasgemeata of the medical de partment of our City Ualverslty. Dr. J. C. Lee, of this city, publish bis notes of a case In which a large uterine tumor was successfully removed by ligature, and his patient completely cured. The use of the muiiated tincture of iron in cases of yel low fever (accompanied wita black vomit), erysipe laa, and scarlet fever, is advocated by Dr. John C. 8. Moukur, who founds his confidence in the reme dy on the result of satisfactory trials in his own practice. The number also contains a carefully oompilcd table, showing the total mortality in the four principal cities of the Atlantic coast during the pa it year, the number of fatal cases o scarring from the various prominent diseases, such as constable n, cholera, fevers, cholera infan tum. Are., with the averaged ratio of the deaths to the present estimated population of each place. Some useful remarks on the application of wheat flour during the inflammatory stage of burns and scalds, a notice of the Medical University of Michigan, and the usual editorial matter. Dr. Robert Hunter, of New York, has farniahed an ori ginal contribution en the uae of "Inhalation in the Tieatment of Diseases of the Chest," which we deem worthy of reproduction in our columns. The article Is clear, well written and sensible, and la ad dressed by Dr. Hunter to bis brethren of the pro fession at large as an explicit declaration of the ptinciplea on which he practices in a speciality with acknowledged benefit to a large and widely extending circle of patients, both from this city and the surrounding districts. His avoidance of every iidication of empiricism and his rational diagnosis of all affections of the throat and lunga, with his very successful application of remedial agents in the shape ot medicated vapor, have caused Dr. Hun ter to be already patronized by some of our leading physicians, fand his house is dally crowded with patitnts. We give his communication entire, as it ? 111 interest a large class of sufferers from bronchital affections:? INHALATION. To rns Editor of tuk Americas Mkdicai. Gazette ? Sin ? As the treatment of chronic disease of the lungs, by inhalation, is now attracting the earnest attention of the profession and the public throughout the entire Union, a few remarks regarding the manner of its appli cation cannot (ail to he interesting to the readen of the Medical Gazette. If there be among the ills to which humanity is liable one which pre eminently claims the attention and thought of our profession, it is sur?ly that melancholy affection popularly known as consumption. There are few. Indeed, either in or out of the profession, who have not a direct and psinfnl interest .n the subject. The object of this communication is to lay befora your readers a very brief explanation of the treatment by inhalation, and its merits, as a remedial means. 1 shall not now consider It necessary to review what 1 conce de to be the errors of usual practice? its Inade quacy? and its total failure; since these are already painfully known to every physician. Nor shall I deem It necessary to fortify my own position or observa tions by the proofs at my disposal. I have thought proper, as a specialist, to enter into a popular and practical discussion of inhalation; and to carry that discussion forward with vigor, In order to save inhalation from the hundred pretensions and impo sitions of quackery and nostrum vending, which I fore saw would immediately follow its announcement. In my opinion, there is no greater antidote to quackery than sound information given to the people. But, al though the popular discusxion of a medical subject ne cessarily involved the violation of a somewhat stringent code of ethics, 1 have endeavored, throughout, to observe the strictest courtesy towards my professional brethren; and It is now my happiness to know that my motives have not been misunderstood. No incident in my professional life gives me more genu ine la'istaction than the dally recepticn of letters from physicians, apprcving, in the most flattering terms, my advocacy of inhalation. Daily I receive applications for sptciflc information regarding the medicines to be used, their strength and combinations, and I would gladly ccmply with every request were it judicious to do so. But a moment's reflection will convince any medical man that such a course is whoDy impracticable. It is my intention, as soon as I can accoaplish it, to give the profession the full benefit of my experience in an ample work on the subject. 1 am now laboring earnestly to efTect this purpose I regard experience as the safest guide, and every day's accumulation enhances its value. The past has nothing on this point to bring to my aid. In no other branch of our profession are materials of any value so scanty. Until I am prepared, there fore, to give the complete results of my experience, I do not think it advisable, nor, in fact, practicable, to send out partial formula;, which in many instances might, from being improperly applied, be prejudicial to this treatment, on ihe correctness and triumph of which 1 have staked my professional reputation. But while I reaerve this privilege as but simple justly to myself and the cause 1 advocate, let me assure, in tbekindeit manner, those who are looking for information on the subject, tbat the publication of my views shall not be delayed longer than unavoidable circumstances require. As nn earnest of the future, I am happy at this time to lay before your readers the instruments employed by myself in the treatment of the various affections of the throat and l*ngs. These are : The Inhaling Instrument, Showering Syringe, Stethoscope, and Pnlmoneter. The inhaler, contrived by myself, has only reached its present perfection after years of experiment and contin ual improvement It is made of glass, and holds about a pint of water. The entrance Into it is closed by a cork, having a metallic cap, through which pass two tubes. One or the>e is glass. and passes from the top of the cork down below the fluid, to within a quarter of an inch of the bottom. The other tube passes through the cork and rises above it, is elastic, about fifteen inches long, and furnished with a glass inou'.li plcce. The principle of its construction is very simple. On inhaling through the elastic tube, a vacuum ia created , above the fluid, to fill which a stream of fresh air lushes conn the glass tube and breaks up in bubbles through the liquid, throwing the whole into In tense agitation. This fluid being medicated, thoroughly impregnates the air with its properties; and in this manner every efTect tbat can be produced by medicine is obtained in the lungs, with a degree of certainty un equalled by sny other form of administration, lty sim ply varying the medicines put Into the fluid, the vapor it rendered "expectorant," "soothing," "stimulating," "alterative," or "astringent,'' at pleasure. In using the inhaler, we flrst half fill it with cold, warm, or not water, the temperature being governed by the volability of tbe medicines to be Inhaled. Next we put into tbe water the medicine to be used ai a dose. Tbe patient is tben directed to inbale for five, ten, or fifteen minotes, beinjt careful to inflate tbe lungs to t)>eir fullest capacity, but without straining or violvuce. Kacb inhalation bears the same relation to the lung* that a dose ef medicine to the stomach, or the applica tion of a dress.ng to a diseased surface, bears to other parts of the body ; and the same principles should go v?rn the frequency of their administration. Usually, in rhronic affections, three or four inhalations are liken in tbe dsy; but in acute attacks, ten or twelve may be ne cefsary. It will hence be seen that "inhalation" is not a medi cine, but merely a method of treatment, by which medi cines sre applied directly to the internal surface of the lungs in dlaiase. It can never be honestly employed without a full knowledge of all the symptoms and pecu liarities of each case, and tbe adaptation of the reme dies accordingly. In one case the expectoration i*pro fuse snd exhausting: in another it is small In quantity, and only forced from the windpipe by the most violent cough. In some cases the disease it confined to the 1 rims membrane of tbe bronchial tube*, while in others it exists in the alr-celli and beneath the mucous tissue, lubercles may have been deposited, or the affection may be entirely bronchial. Asthma nny be de pendent on invi tcrate bronchitis, or arise from some functional dis turbance In come cases it I* permanent, in others spaimnlic. In one case the system is uirvous and irritable, the body wasted, snd tlie disease far advanced, while In another the disease is in its early stage, and the flesh and strength bnt little disturbed Now, in the treatment, the symptoms, the kind of disease, the stage, and tbe peculiarities of eacb esse must all be considered. Some medicines, when inhaled, increase the quantity of mat ter expectorated ; others diminish it. Some are soothing to tbe inflamed mucous membrane, and allay cough; whl'e others are stimulating and Increase it. Home act almost entirely OB the longs; others are absorbed into the current or the circulation, and extend their curative niluence, through the medium of the blaod, to every part of tbe body. the ren edlea employed In Inhalation are ntimenus and varied, accotding to tbe indications fulfilled in each particular case It will be sufHs'ent to classify the in halations according to the object to be obtained by their use I make five classes ? 1 Expectorant inhalations are used to promote ex pectoratim when it is difficult, or attended with much cough. Ibey take the place of tbe expectorant "mix tures," and are more beneficial from acting directly on tbe altered part. We have, in fact, no expectorants that are not entirely local id their action. 1 Anodino inhalations are of great service in the treatment of the Irritable cough of old people, and, em ployed in connection with either of the other classes, render tbe combined action much more soothing on the lungs though not directly enrative, anodyne inba lations are of great service in allaying distressing symp tsms. snd especially in enabling us to make more free use of those of a stimulating character. 3. Astringent inhalatione are employed in " humid bronchitis " and in all cases where there is excessive expectoration accompanied by a relaxed state of tbe muecus trembrane. 4. Anti-spasmodic Inhalations are need In certain forms of aath ma, nervous eougb, spurious cough, a?l the like. .. 6\ Alterative Inhalations Uf of th#ehieA importaace ia the treatment of aoaaumption and bronchi tia. The mS dJcinee need as alterativea by inhalation aot only aot m the lunge, but eater directly into the enmM of the dr ci^tion, extending their beneficial influence throughout tho ?nthr? Properly administered Mid judclous ly combined, tbooo aeveral claaeee constitute a treat* moot which, by its luceosi in dieeaee of tho kinrfc etrikee at tho Tory root of tho old rontlno, which Ucoa? demned by a thousand doatha for ?TOry con Inhalation !? often apok en of by medical nan u ft "mew local treatment.'' In a great degree 1 am willlac to admit thla ; and to tho local action of tho remadle* within tho lunga I will aaeribo all tho comfort, and mnefc of tho benefit, that patienta derive from this treatments But that inhaled remediee alao act constitutionally ??? more powerfully and certainly than tho aame remeiUea administer*! through th? stomach, ia likewise eaaUv dZ mon at rated. After having spsnt yottt in laborioui atudy and invest tigatlon, in order to reduce the experience on which in. halation i* baaed to order. I introduced it into the United Statea In the aprlng of 1861, aa a rational and ayatematia practice in pulmonary diaeaaee. Prior to that time tho attention of the profeaaion In tbia country had been bat imperfectly directed to tho aubject. A few had veatnied beyond the old rontine, but their experience conalated chiefly in burning renin or tar on a heated ehovel. or la? haling iodine from a teapot. One phyaiclan of thla city, prominently identified with the treatment of throat ana lung diseaiee, uaed to diiect hia patienta to rub Iodine oa the cheat on retiring to bod. and then to draw the blanket* over tie bead, that the iodine, rendered volatile by tha beat of the body, might be inhaled ? thereby compelling the poor eufferer to breathe over and over not only tho {TaUtfonn'of'the'Lyd0111 * 'UD^'' *h* offensive e*? I merely mention /heee facts to ahow that there were neither inatrumenta for inhalation, nor correct ideaa ia legard either to tberemediea to be employed or the mea ner of their employment. Breathing the vapor of iodine, ? lmple or combined with conium, ia rarely beneficial. ' ? T*P?r '* only applicable to one particular form of pulmonary diaeaae; while In all otbera it ia poilUvely Viuv Pby"icUn cannot employ inhalation either with benefit or safety witbout the light of experience oa the aubject. From having ao long labored in thie de partment of my profeaaion. with a practice which I ma* truly aayfia unprecedented in lta magnitude, I trnat t "ball not be claiming too mnoh whan I regard my exten sive experience aa of great value to the profeaaion. It will be at once apparent, from the foregoing remark#, that inhalation glvea uh the meana of aeceaa to thoae ia! trlcate alr-paaaagea and eel la which have heretofore lain beyond the reach of direct medication. It opena the does to the akiU ot the phyaician, and enablea him to treat die eaaea of the lunge with the certainty of reaching the very root of the evil. I cannot but regard thia an the moat important medical fact of the day, and I wiah to aeo it u*>ed in cloae combination aa a powerful auxiliary te other meana at the diapoaal of the profeaaion ; and aot degraded by quackery and falae pretenaiona into a " uni versal speciflo." It ia a rational syatem, worthy the labor of the graateat mind, and the longeet life of man. to develope to ita fuileat extent. 1 hope with theearnee? neaa of an enthuaiaum, baaed on practical experience, to aee ?' conaumption," at no very diatant period, brought by the meana of inhalation, properly and akilfully uaed. aa mueb under the control of general medical akill aa ara now the ordinary curable diaeaaee of the boly. In the aame cut with the Inhaler you will obaerve ft atethoacope, formed aomething I ke an ear trumpet ; and alao the showering ayringe uaed by me ia the treatment of catarrh and aore throat. The chief merit of thia atethoacope conalate in lta wing flexible, without losing any of its excel* lence for conducting aound. The eoda are made ot ivory, and the connection of a covered elaatlc tube, lined bv a metallic coil, which i a aecured firmly to each end of tbe inatrument, and lncreaaee very much Ita conducting power. One great inconvenience experienced In the uaa of the common straight atethoacope, ia the constrained poaition <n which It neceaaarily places the phyaician. '? obviated by the flexible atethoacope, and mora entirely ao by my inatrument thaa any ia uae. The ayringe la about nine inchee in length, ia made ot silver, and will bold about three drachma or liquid. It is of the size of the largeat catheter, and gradually tapers down at ita noitle to one of the amalleat aize. ft has a blunt extremity, which ia alao carved to enabla the operator to turn it up behind the curtain of the palate Into the posterior narea, or downwarda into the pharynx. Half an inch of the lower extremity of tha ayringe ia perforated on every aide with very fine holes, through which, in (]i-chn.rKing it, a perfect ahower is ?ro7n 5falnBt ?TerJ P*rt or the cavity at the aame in fant The bandlee of the ayringe are formed with ring* like the ordinary ayringe for hydrocele, which givea the operator full control of the inatrument. The chief merit* of thla ayringe are, that it enable ua to mak? mere thorough application to the diaeaaed part then an* other meana; that it aavea tha patient from the pain and injury directly resulting from the presiure Of tha sponge againat the inflamed aurface; that it enablua us to make applications to parta which, from their lrre? gularity, cannot be fully and properly reached by any other meana, aa for example the naaal passages; and flnallv that in auch cases of lartngeri diaeaae aa require liquid medication, it la Infinitely auperior to the whalebone and aponge irom occasioning no irritation la ita introduction, enanlicg ua to apply, by the preaaore on the piaton, iuat the quantity we deaire? and in af fording no hold for the epasmodic graap of tha g little. I was foimerlj in the habit of uniug aa a nyrinee ft common elaatic catheter, which I prc|i?rejby fillinK na the opening at lta extremity with aeaUng wax, and" hen with a red-hot needle perforated the tube in a hundred piaoea; the director waa male to eerve the purnftaa of a piaton. and it really proved a moat efficient inatrflfat. Hunoreda ot caaea of chronic catarrh owe their cure to the life of tbia almple contrivance. The atethoacope and abowering ayringe were made fof me by Mr. Tieman, the celebrated aurgical iaatrument "on"' ? *ntl *re entlr8,y open to tha profej The object of the Pulmometer ia to measure the ca parity of the lunge for air; and it ia a moat valuable aid in determining tne amount of healthy lung remaining. It waa propoaed, I believe, by Mr. Abernethy, the late emi nent Burgeon. Aa employed by him, It coaaiata In ft. ,I'k Ch !' i d with water, and inverted in a bit an. A bent tube la ao contrived that it naaaea below the edge o' the jar, and cornea up on iti inaide to m 4?P'.< ? bIo?lD<? through thie tube the patient ia able to displace an amount or water equal to the volume of air ia hla longa. In health, thia quantity ia found to va?y from six to eight quarta, while in diaeaae of tha lunga it will not often amount to more thaa two or three quarta. - The i inatrument employed by reyaelt ia aomewhat dlf ??nt, though the principle? that of meaauring tbecft pacity of the lurga fer air? la precisely the aame. To receiver, capable of holding tw? v of water? 1 ha elan tic tube at t?n? .i,?r^Ch1C!,nJf,UI,'.eat.*aiby * atop cock and coaneo tioa with the Interior of the inatrum>nt. The jar ie ia ,v'rt,d ?TfT ? pneumatic trough, and ia graduated oa %rrt.,r?B uP"rar'i', to rneaaure the cubic Inchee of air removed from the jar at one inapira rton, hy tie rite of the fluid within secondly, fromabeva downwarda to determine the eubic Inchea of air thrown into it at aa ngle expiration, bv the number of degrees h i Wil\'T a !\ tklr<1 "cm'e 1 h*T* recently added. It la it tended to give the average healthy capacity of the ( lunga in peraona of different heighta, male and fe male W.th tbia addition, it ia a moat accura te and valuable guide wi*h regard to capacity, and far auperior to anything of the kind in uae. auperior tr.?,t t?e for#K?iD? 'omarka will" not only prove ia. !Bg 4.?i ,our ,eadeM- but aerve to awaken aa In. tereat in thla meana of treatment, whieh promisee ao much not only for the relief of human aulTering, but for the bonor of our profeaaion. I have the taoaor to bs air, your obedient aervant, ' ? J ROBERT HUNTER, M. D.3 Ne. 8.8 Broad way, New Yerk, Feb. 13, 185.1. This number of ths Rtvittc closes with soaie well written notices of medical works, and some very readable miscellaneous matter. We have received tbe March number of the "Niir Jebpbt Medici l Rkpoktkb." Thij month lj Jsnnul maintains its well esUbMshed reputation as a re liable medium for tbe diffusion of melicil and sur gical knowledge. Ia tbe present number we ha vc a continuation of tbe correspondence between Dr. Williams, of Massachusetts, and the late Dr. Jonathan Perelra, of Locd n, with some other ori ginal contributions of much interest. Extrftcta frcft the minutes of the New York Pathological Society are given, with a full report of the tranuo tions of the Medical Society of New Jersey. Tha book notices and extracts contain much useful matter, whilst tbe editorial piges are, as usual, well written, and free from prejudice or corporate bias Mnyor Wood and St. Patrick'* Day. TO TBI EDITOB OF TUB HKUI.D. 1 Fee that the Catholic* aivertif* a* a part of their programme for the celebration of 8t. Patrick's Day a review of certain regimeiita by Mayor Wood. If this be one of the new Major'* reforms, it 1* much more likely to meet opposition than hla "crushing out ' of the San day liquor traffic. In tbe 8m place, the Mayor, by tkifl review, would seem to recognise the above regimen?* a* Cathelic soldier*, and aot of the I'nited Btate*? good Romans, but nut true Americans. In the second, he eg* fist* in celebrating a holiday which is repugnant to the great body of the American people, for tbe ret sen that it is celebrated as a religions afTalr, and contrary to the i ecular constitution uader which we are supposed to live; and, moreover, it is questionable whether aational rr State officers ?bou d be made to play second fl-MJe to s set of mefi wbo keep up religious festivities with na tional costumes, arms of war aod public parade*. With rut being a Know Nothing, an O C. A., or anything else rf the sort, 1 question whether it i* policy (or the Major in these excited tiaes to mis himself up with St. ratrick'* frientl* or his foes ? tbe toads, If you like to call them such. If he keep* up th* birthday of the Irish pa tron Mint, be certainly will have to do something for the npi ritualists for peace and quiet, and be may be called < pon at no distant day to do honor to llrigham Young, or ?nttefy every other religious fanaticism of the age. I/ t Mayor Wood be careful how he mixes himself up wltb thii.gs not pertaining to his office, or he may cut the throat of hi* own popularity. A TENTH WARDER. Ic? in tbi 8t. Lawmnci. ? The Qaebee hf'rrwy say* : The Ibich mats of ice which enver* the Ft Law rence opposite the city, extended till a few day* ago, only as Isr down as Point Levi, where the dark water has beea risible the whole season The ice, however. I* now prolonged some forty m le* below the Point, wit 4 an intervening transversal space, until yesterday, be tween the newly formed lewer bridge and that opposite tbe town. A clear sheet having formed on Tuesday BToes the opening in sight of the eity, the entire bridge is now nailed, forming a greater surface of Ice on this portion of the St. Unnti than tea* been witnessed siace lll>.