Newspaper of The New York Herald, May 28, 1855, Page 2

vim Iwt J**r we left a fcnsy and thrtriag tcwm, hardly ? w?li|? WU Ufv? he uses, temples, bridges, Inm, svsry tlilag piled hire and there la endtos con'usion ud lr Ntiir?bl? destruction, mile* up the Tallej from the beacb, n?w BiK?? of ruin, shattered jnnks. piles ef nkbitb, broken furniture, masonry? every thing but the firm bill* ? dashed to fragments. It was a piti lal tight; and moving among all were tbe heirt broken inbab-tanta, languidly oolltcting some old tim. ber ? tome broken piece of ft once favorite home, or rtMe of a lost loved friend, or erecting from toe ruins a mitevabJe shelters for their families. This earthquake, a a we gather from the Japaaese, has been felt over the whole island of Nipbon. On the 24th Ueeenber, at 0 P. M., thirty four hour* after the de struction of Siiroda, the sea rushed in the same mtnner ever the teautiful and wealthy city of Otaka, said to bs tbe Most beautiful in the empire, and totally destroyed M; the shocks were but slight, and the first intimation that tbe inhabitants had of great danger was the fear ful influx of tbe eta. In Yedo Bay, at Yedo. and the numerous adjaceut populous towns, more or lest damage aad loss of life occurre.1, but pirti:alars are not to be obtained from the close and politic Japanese. Calamity has not eeme single upon them; some six weeks ago, the palace of the Mikado at Meaoo was destroyed by Are; this, with the advent of the American, English and Kutaians, earthquakes, destruction of tlieir Pope's palace, for the Mikado is the ''Japanese Pope," to all inteita and purposes, begin to awaken the Japanese superstition, and now they think that they are doing wrong in maiiag tieaties with foreigners; tliey do not say so, but imply It by manasr and action. All who know the Japanese, know their procrastinating and temporising policy ? this was displayed to Captain Adams in their expressions of stir-prise at his arnv.l. at tlie Americans, unseemly baste to ralify tbe treaty? at not kteping to its terms, which prjvide ter the signing of the treaty within eighteen mentis, for they cbo*e to interpret it Into, ?' at toe end ?I eighteen months," but tbe characteristic firmness on ?ur part ?? to s<gn it, or lei It alone," brought thsm to terms with usual rtfereuce to Yedo and mastery, and ?he treaty was s gned and delivered on toe 21 st February. The intercourse net ween the Americans and Japanese has been ?tberwisn of a very cordial kind. 1 be Japanese offer for sale various articles of thsir Cteullar manufacture, many of them very beautiful; nt true to the r policy, the authorities place a taboe open purchasers, by demanlicg so exorbitant an export duty ? which they charge upon the tradesmen? that lew can afford to buy: for instance an Ameriian or ?tber dollar they value nominally at 88?i cents of their currency , the cubUm* demanl from the seilvr two thirds of his tale, that is, twe thirds of what he rcoeives in mull TIjus the tradesman is obliged to sell tin article valued at 33 cents for one collar, or three times what it la worth, to secure himself from loss; this policy tbe Ja fa?e?e teem determined to pursue, in hopes tait they will prevent us from entering into commerce with them: nod tt?y will succeed, for a merchant would be crazy to xitk a venture in Jspan. As tor cjal, it oannot be ob tained Japeui call never be AO ?v?Uftbto fftopri ng place tor Pacific steamers. The huhtr of S'.moda !* per&ctly worths it and fearfully unsafe. How Commodore l'erry ever persuaded himsetT or allowed himself to be deluded in o accepting Bimoda as one of tot poru for Americans is a matter o; astonishment to evtrV one. The Russian mc m.ral reluted tbe imrNif Bpih sight, while the Ameri. onns accepted it after months of survey. 8lnee the earthquake, the holuing ground has changed much for Ibe worse, though n> difference can be obseivad in the ?oundinge ; the mudoy bottom has been all washed or ??TB ?Wky. nothing remains but a thin ashy deposit tspon the smooth rockt? it was found almost impossible to ket p the Po* hat tan to her anchors, gteam had to be 8?t up and sheet anchors let go in very moderate blows. ? facilities can ba arranged to coal with despatch a ?tail steamer, even if the coal was procurable or of a good quality, which the Russians agree with us it is not. Duiing the st?y of tbe Powhatan at flmoda unbounded liospital itv was extended to the Ru<*im admiral and hlB officers, who came over from lieda, and every sympathy and ai aistance extended A grand dinner was given by the ward room officers of tue Povhaton, at whica expres ?icnt ol the warmest feelings were exchanged, and mirth and good fellowship prevailed. What do you think of the IU/owid g :or a tcast in Japan ;? ? Russia and Ame rica (the two new nations resting upon the opposite ?hares of the Pacific,) ? the envy and watched of old Earope : either can stand u one against it." Tbe Japanese seem to be in great dread of the Rus sians? incted tfcer shipwreck may be of great future good, trr htancwg as a ur; of accidental army of oscu Itution, ICO well armed and brave men may drive a for niioaMe wedge into the old customs of Japan ? these 600 foreigners living in a state of freedom in Japan for many months must have some effent. l'ou see Russia is tide by side with us in this part of the world ? it ia des tiny I The English were repulsed at Nagasiki ? so the Japanese sfliiro? though they, the Japanese, say they are new St- li be rating in their great council upon tbe question of op-ning Japun to tlie whole world. After tbe pioper eeremon'fB on shoreof ratifying the ireaty were concluded, a natioral sa'ute was fir?d -rom the l'owtiat tan \Mien tbe rommissicrers visited the shio under a ?econd salute, a handsome entertainment ? as served to them and tbeir followers at the expense of the offi cers. Judging of the Japanese taste lor champagne, etierry cordial. mix*d punch, and sweet liquors, it waali be a good investment for a ship touching here to take the hint and lay ia a stock. Af ter visiting and inspecting the Po'.thatan with great cvrioaitr. the whole party went on thare, much pleaied with tbeir visit and thtdr new allies and we ?inch pleased to get rid of them, bopiog never a?ain to tee them in .lapaa. Now, Sir, the 'American Navy" having brought this new feature of tha world into view, aao having sacceeifuliy finished tbe Japan F\pedition, ?f which so many various predictions were mtde in the United states and Earope. it is to be hoped our country Will give us some credit for use and ability, and that th? many hardships and privations we hare endured dating its continuance will release) ns from the con stant abute we recsive from our lovinf countrymsn. All we want is wise and iroodleyi-lation and an opportu nity to show that "Americans, as naval officers, ara aa gtod patriots and as able men as Americans, lawyers, e>r any stbtr trade? the name's the thing, not the busi ness." The Powbatan left SImoda on the 22d February, and after encountering a succession of^strcn; haad gateM from the West, arrived ntl -tianghae on the 4th March, ea tlrely out of coal; thick weather delayed ber outride till tbe fcth instant. Tha Powhatan is a perfect steamer, carries 22 days full ooal, is fast and an admirable aea boat; her machinery is unimprovable and of the b?st eor strnction ; not the slightest accident has happened to It during tbe cruise in which she has steamed o?e? ?*.0C0 miles. EXILE. BRICHH TBEA.tY WltH JAPAN. kohot. Forhgn Office, Lokdok, Us v 10, 18.r)6. A treaty ha* ng recently been ooneluiied between Her Majesiy tod the Kmperor of Japan, * hereby the latter ?free* to ojfrn the Japanese porta of Nagasaki and Ha fcoe'adi to British ships for the purpo+e of effecting re pair* and obtaining fresh water, provisions, and other ?applies of any sort tfl?t they may absolutely require, piovirfet! tint they ate hifnlshed with a given stamp or license, and It having been arranged that the certificate of registry of tlie ship bearing the royal arms shall bear or eonantute such ?taap or license, the Lord* of the Committee of Pi fry Council for Trade hare by gire no tice thht all certificate* of registry, Issued under the Merchant Shipping Act, 18M, will be printed in [iu-h fora as to be recognised as bearing such stamp or (1 ?ense; nnd that, lor the purpose of meeting the cam of ?hips already registered, a new and speoul form o' eer Mficate of registry has b?cn prepared, which will, on Mtplication to any registrar of shipping, be given In ex change for the existing certificates of "registry, nnd will be lo sdcU form as to be rveognlwd by the Japanese Mthoritie*. Oar Ijondon Oorrcspondrnfr, Lonimw. May 8, 1866. Beformt mi F.iiglanl ? Orrut Meeting in LnnJon ? Wtr to tiir K*ife ? Auilria Shirk ? ? SucerM of thr Allien He fi/rr Srbwtopol ? Rrxignotvm of M. Droi tyn <U I'lluy s ? Count WaJewley? ii. de Ferfigny ? Mini. < rtal Crixis at ( <mttantimopU ? Spain ? T*- JJlack Warrior ? TV Prussia ? Mt*ellan<ou* ? 1'iuiori S-nU-nrt<l h Dratk. Ton will have observed in th? London paper* an iu? aouncement that the question of administrative reform i io England has lately assumed greater dimension* than for ms ny yeats past. The attacks by Layard on the art* management of the war b j the government have -given an Impetus to the movement. Notwithstanding his snrbb og in the Bouse, the other night, layard Is re solved to persist, and It Is evdent that ha has a large portion cf the popular sympathy on his side. The move ment is assuming, however, a form which may tend to alarm the power* that be, K not the aristocracy. Yon will form your own judgment upon the public meeting bald id tandon on .Saturday last. It U true that tfcere aire no very influential names down ; bat it must also be ?membered that It Is the first meet ng. and that other* are announced to fellow, not only In loodon but in other gisat towns of England. It If al/o worthy of obeerva tlon that twenty ilve geniltmen put down ?100 each, as ? proof of the sincere character of the movement. Some of the speeches, mote especially that of the Chairman, were violent enough. I enclooe yon a fall report. Ibe followicg resolution' were unanimously adopted : ? That the disasters to which the country ha* been sob jested la the ernduct of the present war, are attributa ble to the inefficient and practically irrespon?ible man*ge ??at ot the various depart menu of the State, and ur gently demand a thorouga change in the administrative ay stem. Mr. W. 8. Idvo*.?r, M. P., moved the following r**3iii Mon That the trne remedy for the sysVm of m%l adminis tration which has cau?eo no lamentable a sacrifice ot la bor, money . std human life, la to be sought In the iutr? doetlou ot inl.irged wtperienoe and practical ability luto the service of the ftate, that the exclusion from oflioe of ?ho*e who p<.steas in a high degree the practical ciualitie* n?ee*aary for the direction ot affairs In a grsat commercial tountry is a reflection upon Ita intelligence, and a betrayal of its Interest#; that while we declaim every den re of excluding the sristocratts classes from participation in the council* of the Orowa, we feel It our doty to protest against the preteaaioaa ot nay section ?f the community to monopolise the f auction* of ad ?siaistrstiin Mr W. Tin moved the third and laat reeolntlcm ? That an association he now formed to promote, by all #<w) mutational mom*, th# attainment of admtnlftratirt , , . That th# Morlatfon ba oaDad tba Admlni*tra i , Mft Mum A?oc^ion. a?i ^ Uw fo??wi?f ftnth- I mra, with power t* add to their iibW, b* appoliUd tie tenimit'ee, te eollrct turd*, to prepare an ad 'ret* to tbe constituencies of tbe United Kingdom, and generally to tin? out the objesta of the association:? Umtri f. \ Fennocb, U. Bisbop. Jr , R. Crawford, J. B. Gam-lot, J. Hmcbinton, W. J Hall, M'Grefor I.alrO, S. Lelng, W S Lndray, W T. UiCullogh, 8 Morlej, R. B. Moor* H L. M< rtun, W L Olilvy, J. D Pow1?k. J. I. Traver* N. Wilklnao?, J. G Frith, 8. /mory, W. Lis.er, W Ilw. D. Nicoll, J. Collett, I1. ll?k*r, B. Smith, Jr , and B Olveira. Tbe meeting? separated with three cheer* for the Queen, three cheer* for the Emperor of the French, aad three for the Independent member* of Parliament In the House of tarda, lait night, the Earl of Ellen boroagb gave notice of a aerie* of resolution*, which be proposed to move on Monday nest, in the form of an addres* to the Crown, expressing the eonvietion of the House that the war mnat be earned on with rigor, aad tbat itf conduct bad been hitherto mismanaged. Reform ha* again became tbe watchword in England. The pronr.isec paper* relating to the Vienoa eonferen ees will be ready for oeliveiy to day. We learn that the last attempt of Aus'ria to btleg Ku**ia to term 1 has failed. It ia, therefore, sow war to the knif?! We also leain from Vienna tbat Austria he?itate? mora than ever is joining the Western Power* True, abe will not go with Russia, but net against her either. Tbe E'glish snd Fietch governments are resolved to carry on toe war witb reteweo vigor The new* from before feba* tcpol, whirh l* up to the 7th of M?y (yesterday), in satisfactory. Ibe Ru~ras rifle pit* bare be n taken by tb* 77tb, under Col Kger'on, who fell; the French have blcwr up tlie greater portion of the flag staff battery, snd are cow within 60 yard* of tbe wail*; and inch it tbe ardor of tbe tic.ops tbat we daily expect to hear that an natault bae been attempted The motive of tbe Termination of Drouyn de L'Huya, tbe French Minuter o< Foreign Afl?ir?, imaid to ee tbe folloeirg:? Loni* Matcler-a found that he had emoedea more tbnn neceictry at Vienna, and to no purpose, and rei eived him cololy. W hen Drou> n de L'Huy * resigned, he <Mo rot wish to accept bin resignation, but the miQia Ur wis firm. Ho is *urce> ded a* Foreign Min ster by C* nnt Walewaki Cullerte. French AmnoM^dor at London. Walewski, as jou are aware is a natural sen of Napole on tbe Cieat. II. De Pera'g ny, the quandam factotum of I.ouis Mapoleon. is appo nt?d Ambassador tr> London. Otter dlpk matte charge." have taken place la France, M. Vjouvenel is appointed Ambspsa'or at Ccnstaotioo pie, >n the stead ol H Benedstti, who goe? to Persia. There has been a sort of ministerial crisis at Constan tinople. (Red; chid Pa-ba re*ign-<1 becauss Metiemst All, the Hr Ituj 's brotbei In law, had been recalled from exile Ali Pasha, now at Vi'nna, is appo'ntea Grand Vizier, and Redscbid Pacha will go a* Ambassador to Pari*. 1 ord Stratford ha* b?en to tbe Crimea. The first por tion of the Sardinian contingent bad arcived out. roere was alio a ministerial crisis in ^rdiiiie, but it ia over, and tbe old mipir't r* resume office. It arose on thj Con verts Suppression b JL From Madrid, under date of Mar 8, we hare the fol lowing:? In the Corte* to day, the report of tbe committee on the proposition of Penor Iabrador, to suspend the Corts* frcm 16th Jnne, wa? read ar<d laid on tbe table. Re nor Ornrey Avt cilia moved for paper* relating to the Black Warrior question. Senor Luzuiiaga a ated that the af fair was settled satisfactorily, ana said, in the course of hi* observations, tbat the people of the United d tales were not to he confounded with the filihuateros. From the Baltic we learn that the fleet had sailed from Kiel, and we shortly expect to bear of operation*. It is generally thought tbat Fianori's senienie will W Commuted, Tbe aesaion of the Prussian Chamber* wai closed on tbe Pd of May, by a speech from Baron Manteutt'el. Yon have, gentlemen, said tbe Minister, bestowed on the budget of this year, in all its item*, a careful aad attentive examination, and tbe government cannot ao otherwise than derive lively gratification frnm the Cir cumstanoe that it has been adopted by you without any curtailment. Tne anxious attention of tbe government will continue to be directed towards maintaining an equi librium between tbe income and expenditure of the State, and preeerving ia tbe administrat.on of tbe finance* that order and trustworthiness, by mean* of which Prussia1* creuit has bithetto been a**ured so satisfactorily. Tno government acknowledge with gratification the con fidence with which you, gentlemen, by voting tbe addi tional taxation, have extended to the current year tbe credit that was opened last year for the extraordinary wants of the administration of tb? army. Whilst avail ing ourselves of this credit, tbe general financial poiition ol the eountry will not be lost eight of, and as econo mical a reserve be exhibited in tbe employment of these mians as i? compatible with tbe obligations of hi* Ma jesty 's government to preserve the army in the requisite state of prepsrsdnf ss for war, so as in tbe present diffi cult political complication*. wh'rh have unfortunately not a* yet met with a pacific *olution, to bs in a posi tion to maintain Prussia'* independenoe, dignity, and position as a great pontr. Oar Parti Correapondence. Paris, May 10, 1*>K6. Tl,' Froet't Verbal qf rianori ? The CireumtUinrct Attend ing flit Am M? Singular Conversation Betwtrn the Fnvch Fmjircst and Mr. Ma.vm? Ministerial Enibar laummh ? 2 At Fivt Dark Spots on th> Political Horizon. The folly of a polit'eal assassin Is equal to his erime. This ha* been to fully demonstrated that no political party is, nowadays, likely to incur tbe responsibility of arming the assasMn. His act, If sot entirely isolated, as it oiUn la, can be presumed to be known beforehand to but comparatively few. It is not *urprismg, tb?n, that the searching examination of l'ianori, at h<* trial last Monday, elicited nothing which implicated other pirsons than himself. Unsatisfactorily a* he accounted for tbe monty found in hi* possession, he divulged no proof cf tbe complicity of political refugees in London In hi* recent attempt against the life of the Emperor. That b? had confederates, however, (nearer, too, than Ion don,) is not Impossible. And here 1 may state that, on the day of the attempt, an acquaintance of tbe Baron deScebach, the Minister from Saxony, mentioned to his *7celkncy, as "sufficiently ominous," the fact of hlr having just met, on the Champs Elya<-e, several of those sinister face* which he distinctly remembered liavlug ?een before cn the eve of political commotion* In ParU( and which ?t? rarely visible except at such a mo mtnt. The visiter of M. dc Seebac.h had not taken ble departure before a messenger hurried In with the new* tnat the Emperor had been fired at. It Is true that not a few of tbe Ccrsicao brat*' who are at the heck of M. Ili til, the Prefect of PoVcs, and who, as I have previously had oscasiot to intimite, are liberally scatter* d ale eg tlie route of the Emperor, whenever his Majesty fancie* driving out " without escort," wear face* ugly and sinister enough to have' alarm'i M. de Feebach's friend. He migLt easily have mistaken tham fcr "revolutionary harbingers," disguised a* they were, son e In blousos, and others In broadeloth coat* of the latest fashion, but none wlthont a stiletto like that with which Aieefandri twice struck 1'lanort. Vt bat became of the two bullet* which Pianori is said to bare firedr One la *uppo*ed to hare k>2ge<l la a wheel of the carriage, which " unfortunately," acoord log to the reeoid of the trtal, hindered Alessandri from reaching the assassin before the aecond detonation. It haa been inspected, groundloesly hawever, la all proba bility, that the passage of this carriage was mt alto gether accidental, but wax intended te facilitate the (?cape of Pianori. The eeccn 1 bulJet did not, aa was er roneously atated, penetrate the hat of the Emperor. Hih hat, indeed, fell from h<* head, and was picked up and banded to him by a lad who waa standing near. The Km f ercr's horte shitd when it* rider waa flrsl fired at, and the latter, I hare heard it aaid, drepp?d h.i bridle rein, and weil nigh loet his seat. But he ia a capital horseman. When Mr. Piatt, Secretary of the Amu I mn legation, went, like bia diplomatic oolleaguea, but In ao ma what lees of a hurry, to felicitate the Emperor on bia esoape, be explained the delay by the fact that Mr. Maeon, tae American illniater, had been momentarily expected to arrive from Nice, and per-onaliy oongratalate hi* Ma jesty. Mr. Manon arrived ?.n toe evvnng of the day Mr. I ''ait had made hi* bow at ike Tuliarw*. Oa the follow ing Sunday, after the Kmpttss had recoived, politely enough, the felicitation* of Mr Ma.?>n, she abruptly atkta the Jurge what be though', of th? Know Nothings, what are the Know Nothing*, and whether the Know Nothing* hadn't almost upret the administration of his Piesiutnt She had previously, yon remember, exhl l.ited a similarly lively enrioaity about Cab*, and after the polite reapociea abe bad received from the good ai? tund Minister waa thnm'cratruck at rMrinir In tbe Nkw York 1Ikuaii> a lifll, true and particular a-"v.unt qf the Ostend Conference? an account hie ce coaArmnd hv doo.ti mer.t* and correspondence published in me L uv * itself. Che Incl nea now to the opinion expressed by Or >uyn de l'Huya, when be bef*me acquainted with the develop* menta of tha Oatend conference ? that ?' Amerioaa diplo macy la improving " Itouyn de i'Huys ha? retired frwm the high position which he beld at the head of the diplomacy of Western Europe; tor. a* you learned by tie uuu.a of the ateam er which leit Havre ye*terday, we bave at Parle aa well aa at Constantinople, where Kaachld i*aeha haa resigned and Mehem?t All recalled from exile, a "palace rev, >lu tion." Only the minister al crisis at Pari* will be other wise Important thiougbout Koro;^ than that at Ceaataa tlnople. M PTOuynde I'Huys. iUeLord J^hnKuaaeil, had found M. <*? Buol too strong for tbem at Vienna. Both the 1 r? nch and the KogHah Minister returned in a oom plaiaant ttate of m is d toward* Anatria, and urged the aoceptance of tbe Austrian proposition to renew nego tiatione on tbe irgenious bast* of uniting tae Mosoov'ite power to the number of ablpa eclating before tbe war, Tbey were content to return to the tUUu quo tints f?*l U/m. At llr*t the Kmperrr bad bis reason* for not being indi?poee<*. to rons'der th s proposition- but when t <e puis" of public opinion In England had been felt, grave objection* aroee to tbe posaiDility of tbe Emoeror show ing himself more pacific than hi* ally across tbe chan nel. And M. Drouyn de I'Huys had nothing to do but to reeign wb?n he diseovered that Napoleon was intsnt upon a course which he regards a* fatal to hi* own inte rest*. M Walfwkry, wbo replaces^the late Minister of Foreign Affairs, and is rsp.noM at Ambassador at londnn by M. Fialln (Connt de Perslgny), Inherit* the Napoleonic idea* which the Emperor believe* It to be hi* tnlsslen to execute, and will doubtlee* be more pliant In hi* hand* than M. hroiiyn de l'fluys M Walewsky Is. yon are aware, a natoral son of Napoleon I. Other ministerial change* are anticipated. You mu*t not he surprised to bwer before long that a new loan, aa<l a new levy of perhap* .100,000 men, have been determined upon. The cloud* of war seem gathering mere and more thickly around the star of empire, which hae been itself strangely obscured of late. No lee* than flT( dark spot* hare already black an ed It* disc : ? 1 . The rupture of tbe Conference at Vienna. 2. Tbe censing ef tbe flring at R*ba?topol. 3. Adjournment of opening of the Exhibition 4. Abandonment of tbe Imperial visit to the Oimea. 6. Ibe altevpt of the llwDfa JfljK**- *KAJ<o. In t* renting from Spala. riBATR IN TUB BOKTB8 ON TBI AFPAIK9 OP CT1A. Sunng */ ilay 3 -(inml la f ante fc* the chair. The tlttlig opened at half-paat one. The older 01 the day call* for the dlacasaiou of the prejeet o f lew tela' ive ta the Absent railroad. M (ioi'ialft d? la Vega, tbe Secretary , road the mhier dft chary * of thia conces.ion. ]ta reading lasted mora Ibis au boar and a half. The Chamber voted almost without discnttion tbe two articles of tbe project. M Okiht t Avkcilla pi (seated a prupoaltioa iemand iat rommunicaVen to the Chamber of the diplomatic oecuuimte iclame to the affair of tae Biaok Warrior aad other difficulties pending between the government of Madrid and that of VthhiB(tJD. the orator express )y declared that be will withdraw hia proportion, if tho Minister of Foreign Affair* Untie it at all inopportune. M. Lvzi'BUva ?The govtramsnl ieex no insoovenieaca in communicating tbe document* la question. The affair af tbe Black Warrior le completely term aigel (Live ly a? mat ion ot satisfaction.) It hu Aaeelved a solution entirely conformable to the hon Si tbe two countries The government wonM be, tl^fore, the fli?t interested in niafcg tha truth known aa eoon aa po*si> la. Nevertheless, 1 bare to ooeerve to the Chamber tbat tbere is ktill another affair penning tliat ot the W Dorado, with which the two gave rnment* are actively occupying 'bemselves; tbe latter ta of a much leis im portant character, and 1 am aole to assure the Fortfti tefcre hand that it will ?lso be regulated to our mutual satis'aetion lbe iclution of which! .speak will very speedily take plsee- 1 Therefore thioc that it would be better to welt until then, in order tliat the Chamber mty be able to examine at once, all the documents rnla t ve to eur negotiation* with the United state* The greatest anx ety manifested in our country in relation to there stl.irs baa reference to tbe preservation ot the Islund of Cuba. At no pri'e, and under no oircum siancea. a? I ba?e k heady stated, and I repeat it, here, will we cor g>nt to tbe alienation of tha Island of Cuba M. Ordax Y. Avkcilla ? After the explanations wnich tbe lion minister he b just made, I hastes to declare that 1 withdraw my pioposit'ov. (Applause.) Now, 1 hop* I may be permitted to add a word w the nsme of my own rarty. 1 thank tbe minister for the sentiments that he has just utteied concerning the pre?ervation of tbe i> it nd of Cuba. We. tbf deu oerats of S'pain, have been long accused of having bad on tbia subject, in Madril ev?n relations with an agent of American diplomacy. Ibis u a ealumny sga<nat which we have already pre tested ano I eeite with eagern* s? this fresh opportunity to indignantly repel it. (Applause ) llie Ckamber than resumed tbe discussion of the third constitutions! basis, relative to the liberty of the press. The Marquis Il'Albaida developed to about forty mem ber* an amendment tending to abolish tbe money deposit, and to except tbe public functionaries from tbe Legisla tive dispoeitiona on tha press interdicting the apprecia te of tLe act* of frlvtie life. At hall past five the Chamber rose. F1NANCK8 AND PIT.IBP8TEK8. A letter dated at Madrid, May vt, aays:? The bankers of Ltndon and Paris have formally declared that they will not make any loan to Spain, unless some arrange ment he ma'1# wit Jb Nljftvi t? the rejected coupons. According to letters from Cuba, person* engaged in the recent conspiracy had sueh a 1st J# fomroand of money, that after purchasing arms, hiring vAsseT*. iBa paying filibusters, tbey bad 300.000 piastre* (1,600,0001' ) in band, which turn bad been seized. The correspond ence betwi en the conspirators and their agents in the United State* bad alao, it is stated, fallea into the hanii Ot tbe authorities, TBI hit 8 f AN TIB M1KIPTBB TO W ALBINO TON. Tbe Mac rid corresponcent of tbe London Xeiot, writing on May 0. ways: ? M. Santa Alvarez has been up pointed Spanish Minister at Washington. M. Madoz bat rejected teveial propositions for a lsan. lbe Duke and Duchess de Montpeniier have arrived this evening at Aranjuez. The War In the Crime*. FROBFECTS OF TBE BESIEGERS ? SPA KIN tl TBE TOWN OF 6EBABTOPOL. [From tbe London Chronicle, May 12 ] The gigantie defeat ot lnkermann, preceded by the failure of General Liprandl at Balaklava, doubtless im pressed upon the Russian commanders Ue hopelessness of any general attsck on tbe allied position*, and his led to tbe ac option of partial sorties, in which the agnail ant pottf pies a decided advantage. Ihia new system of offence ba* been scarcely less unsuccessful than the more important operations, in which the tuperionty of the alliei troop*, both in steadiness and activity, over tb-eir antagonist*, was so clearly de fined. Notwithstand leg repeated failure, the garrison of Sevastopol has never ceased directing nosturnal assanlta on tbe ad vanced trenches of tbe A>lies, and tbe perseverance dis played by the Kussian troops in thus encountering al most ctriain destruction, with scanty hopes of obtain ing even a trivial success, deserves especial mention. A telegraphic despatch, received by the Kini6ter of War liom Lord Baglsn, published in our second edition of yeiteroay, announce* two further attempts mad* by the ?remy. on the morning of the 10th, to carry tbe British right ad vanceo trench. The sorties were made in great force, and oy the gallantry of eur troops were repuhen immediately. Trie loas of the enemy, sayt tbe despatch, wta serious, and, from the nature of tbe en gagement, coula not have been otherwise. Tbe advan lage ptsfessed by the assail ng body in a sortie is coun terbalanced by tbe terrlbie fate that await* it in tbe event of a rf pulse and a retreat. Tbe Ruteitn commander* are enabled to concentrate their aasail.ng columns in tee mar ot their advanced en tn ncl meuts, ano then direst them tileat'y on a feeble point ot the allied lmia. Perhaps the oovtrtsg party to whom the deftnoe of the work i* anuustea have b??n wanting In vigilance, and are sud denly artaiUd by a vastly superior f>rce. Here in comittt the advantage of tbe enemy. Should, however, tbe sentinels have given t:m4)y warn ing of the advance of the foe, anu have thus enabled the guktdian* of tbe trtnehea to prepare for his rtoption. then the result of the eortie assumes a very diHerent feature. A momentary check sustained by the enemy'* columns throws ihem into confusion. The arrival of re ttrvtt strengthens tae lores in the entrenihoaents, and tbe disorder spreading in the rants of the aejaiUnts de generate* into a harty retreat in whicn the eamage in tl'cted cy the victors on the firing maas it naturally im mense. The tame signal failure awaited the last two eflurtH made bj the garrison of S>-bastopol to destroy tne da:Iy contracting lines of tbe Allies as bad been ex peilenced hy the enemj in every similar undertakieg, and it may be dtubUd if *ven the great devotion display ed by tbe Ruitian toldiere and the enterprise of toeir officer* will not be cisheartened by such oonetant uniuc cceces, accompanied by sash slaughter. With the exception of the arrival in the Crimea of 4,000 SJrditiisn troops, formicg the advanced guard of tbt fardinisn Contingent, under the command of tiene ral De la Marmora, no intelligence of great interest hat been received lr. m the seat of war. The batteries on both tides were nearly silent. Ihe amuoltion of the French tntf tb? pret^er part of that poa<etied b/tie tiritish had been exhausted, and th;? second bombard ment of Sebastopol bad virtually terminated. Fresh bat teries were, hoaever, being couHtructed in advan:* of tbe fciixer line* and imm>-n*e supplies of shot, shell, and gunpowder were heiig ccnveyed to tbe front, in anticipation of a renewal of the suited fire. Our en giieen: have learned by experience that the great dit tunre vhich separates the piincipal British work* from the Kuteian oeier.ee" renders any decuive result being succinate?, frcm tbe fire of our battenve, armed at tbey have been, utterly hopeless. Ship guns of a heavier metal have therefore been lanuoU frrmtbe fleet, and will replace the Inferior armime-^t hitherto mounted on tbe tritlsh batteries. In another fortnight we mty expeet tbe reoommeucement of t><e cannonade, but past disappointment and the faoilttiot possessed by the enemy forbid even the moot sanguine mind to entertain very great hopes of the third bombard mebt of Hebastopol beirgmore sucoestful than the two that pri- ceded it. Sf lHuu.jml, it* hav repeatedly m-nri'im erf, u not fntnt to fall ly coniwm or mortart. those m of d ''tlructum kavr faVtd tnyloriou-i! y. IV Mini t and frr f *'i 11 \f wore nu cemful. A tmhject connected with tne late bombardment has attracted universal surprise, not iesa in this country 1! 1111 la tbe rank* of the l?riU*h nrray in the Crimea. We allude to the instructions aaid to nave neen Ueued by 1 cr cl liaglon to tbe effect tbat the town of ?ehaatopol it s* It was to be spaied, an^ tbat on no account was tbe fire of the itrlVsh batteries to be directed on tbe barraoka and other prominent buildings of the pltce. A gunner of the ntval brigade, If w* remember right, was inbjected to puniatuient for having allowed hi* zeal in on* enseto conquer bis obedience. At the same time that we are made acquainted with thi? unaeeouutable or<!?r, another piece of" Intelligence of to contrary a na ture rsaofcte us tout we h?ve eomp et*!y fiUed t> recon c!le the two aocount* Every nlgnt, w? w? told, one 01 two steamers or tbe allied fleett silently approach, un der cover of tbe darkness, to within range of the town. IVn auddenly a tn-roendou* broad* ide laeuee from tbe porta of tbe steamer, whioo ahift* iu position, in order to escape the reply of the granite batteries, and then re peaia the opeiaticn. If, therefore, it i* ?tnaidered ad visable to rink the existence of oar ateam squadron in icfl'ctlng damage on the town and entailing dlestrnotion or annoyance on the garrison, we op ne tnat tbe name desirable atsult might be greatly feci Luted by the co operation of the land batteriee, and alao that the mea tore adopt* d ot sparing tbe town has beea dictated sither by a abort -Rip bind policy, or by a murtaken and misplaced sentiment of hummlty. Ibe public biiildinga, the barrack*, and even the pri vate I ou?ee of Sebaatopol, nfTord a refuse to the garrison o( the place, besides furnishing a convscent depot tor provision* and ammunition. It ia, therefore, evident that in sparing the town we are entailing aerioua disad vantage* on ourselves. and are eommitilag a auicidal blunder. It ten scarcely be motive* of humanity that have pre mp ted the command issued by Lord Raglan; for the inhabitant* proper of tbe town huve lone alnoe do f?rted their threatened hm**, and tbe greater the harm nnd loss that can be .inflicted en the armed foroea of tbe snemy, the neaier do we approaoh the termination of 1 he war. If tbe order on which we comment ha* beea dictateo by military policy, we cevertneleaa question the Judgment of the measure. Our batteries command the grtater part of the town of Sel-aatopol and tbe en tire faubourg. To reduce tbe whole to rain* would be the labor of a day or a night. It may be argued that by destroying the town we atford mean* of defenoe to the ou'tD y, who might take advantage of tbe ruin* to protect tbur defence in oa*e ut an assault. Theae rains, this broken ground, would however, f-qnally alTirl pro tection to our troop* In th* event of tbe latter operation being nndsrta* en, whilst the present barricaded street* and Yroptioled houses woul i oppoee, and probaMv with snecess, tbe advance of the Allls*. Wo fe*r thit l.ord Faglan has been Animated by the ivme ahort-^ghted pol'ey which spared Odessa, and transformed that town into an important military position, occupied bj the ene my, Th* instruction* is?usd to the battene*, according te'tbe Utter of our own ^ebastopol correspondent, have proved unpalatable to the troops, and st|*?i ially to the naval brigade, and they will scarcely be appreciated in thi* ocuntry. NEW PLAN OK OAMP4TON. A 'etter from Constantinople. in tbe Courrur d> Mar trill* , gives the following sketch of the new plan of cam paign >atd to be resolved upon by the allied generate:? According to tbe generally creoited rumor, the army of Constantinople will land at Kafla, where French fri gates have recently made a fresh reconnciieaoce. It ia aaid to be intended to attack the Rnaaiana in flank, while Oeaeral Bosquet, with hi* corp* of obnervatioa willoroea the Tcbernaya, and meet them in that direction. Omar Pacha at the same time, having been reinfcrced by a French dlvtelon. will advance from F.upatorla, parsing cloee W Um Mtgwwhad ?amp <4 U? Aim. pj IfciN ilssultaMons MnmcDti the anted mnb fe*M to kett tli* Kiului, or to bem them in lis Sebastopol, which will then be completely to too tod. Laid Pilmditon'i Rpceen on the ProMtnttoa ?f the Ww by England. In the Bouse of Com moo*. May 11th, Mr. Frwch nU that the honorable and gallant member for Abingdon had given notice of a motion to Mil the attention of the Borne to the cri'ical position of public affairs, bat aa the honorable aenber for Aylesbury had taken up that ground, be thought the honorable and gallant member for Abingdon would do well to poetpone hie state mient. . Major Escd did not think there was any similarity be tween h<i motion sad that of the honorable mnnb?r for Aylesbury. The notion of that honorable mem Mr paitcok of the character of a vote of want of eonfideoee. while bia desire waa to obtain from the noble lord at the head of the government lome statement that would sa tisfy the anxiety felt by the oountry under preaent olr comstanees. Tbey all anew that when Lord Aberdeen resigned, the noble lord the member for Tiverton waa enti oeted with the formation of another government, and that the country approved of him aa the fittest man lor the office. Ho regretted, howerer, to aay that the country in that opinion had been moat wofully deceived, and U at the noble lord had not taken that position which the country anticipated. The noble lord might have cefied thetaunta of his opponent*, if he had called to bia arminlstiation men in wiiom he hud confi dence. The noble lord failed to do so. and aa an inle pendent member, dethrone to support the noble lord in tin extremity he called on the noble lord to make a de claration of bia future intantions, that would satisfy the wishes of the people, and give to those who supported him rente excuse for doing to. (A laugh.) If the no ble lord did tot do so, bia days were numbered. In the language of Milton, he would, therefore, aay to the noble lor< ? Awake, arise, or be ever fallen. ? (A langb.) Lora hALUFRFTON said ? *lr, the honoraMe and gallant roemlerls, 1 think, perfectly justified by the opinion of tbe lloust and the country in the course which he has token. 1 find no fault with him, but on the contrary am rca^y to do justice to tbe motives which have in duced him to nee on the present occasion. It la per fectly true, as stated by him, that when it waa her Ma jesty's pleasure to a nth on re me to form a government publie expectation had inceed riaen high, and had? il I any be allowed to aay no? perhaps overrun tbe bcuiiOM of reasonable expectation. At that time 1 felt It to be my duty to endeavor to obtain tbe asfutance of those persons whom 1 thought most capable, from their poeitic n in Parliament, to make a str ing and efficient governm< nt. 1 waa actuated by none of those considera tions wbieh bave been without cause imputed to me of private partiality, or family connection, or regard for tank. Uj object waa to look around me, and see who were the K'n most distinguished in public life? wbo were tbe men wbo had shown themselves moat capable, by the fart they bad takes in public affairs, and whose opinion* eere most in conformity with my own. That I apprehend to be the duty of a person called oo by the foveiegn to form an administration for the conduct of ?Oalra. I know it has b?en frequently said and felt by many, that, inatead of taking those who had been, by tliO* fxptrience and knowledge, distinguished la public life it til !he duty of a person placed in my position to so elstwhert, Ma ? government of persons em ployed in business or comnlMfcUi transactions. My an swer is plain and flmp'e. Those petaoift hare voted themselves to Vutiness or commercial pflHa>>*r <? which they have given their entire time and talvfltSj ? have made it impossible for them to abandon those pursuits for the precarious situation of ft po litical office. * * * Much has bien done. 1 am happy to say that very successful results have already been attained. If we take the army, that braneh of tbe public service which, from present untortnriatc circumstances, has attracted pecu liar atten n happy to say iba: the army now in tleCr!1 >y . m vernal content, in as perfect a con ditio? ntieh arm} ever was. (Hetr, hear ) 1 say t ueiely on the tei-t\mony of ollioers who wiite their iriends? on the testimony of official per sons- :>ut 1 nay it on the ansuepected testimony of the c.ci mander of the aimy of our Ally, wbo has ren dered honorable justice to the posit on of tbe British army in tbe Crimea. (Bear, hear.) I will slat) what bat been done, and also wbat is goini{ to be done. In the brat place it is in vain to coneeai or deny tsat of which every tody is awsie, that when, after a forty years' peace, we undertook a military expedition on a great scale and at a great distance, and unocr circumstances of considerable cifficulty, great mischief was occasioned by the way in which the arrangements took place, and that those wbo were employed to execute those arrange ments were not conversant witb them, and did indeed make many mistakes, (Bear ) Indeed, it could harlly be otteiw.se. J tie dlfiicuity might perhaps have been less, but difficulties did reitamly exist to a great decree and were productive of consequences which we must all la ment. 1 will begin witb tbe commissariat. That depart ment was placed under the treasury. 1 hat arrangement ex Isted before the time of lord Aberdeen's gcvernment, and was continued under tbe present administration. Bnt now tbe commissariat is uncer the Secretary of ritats for the War lepsitment It Is a military department, and ought thueiore to be UDder the command of a miliUsy chief. It oDgbt to be administered by an offieerof tbe state, whore duly it is to regulate the military detoil-i of tbe public stfee W'tth regard to the details of that department abroad, Fir J, M'Nelll. a most able man, has been tent out to tbe Ctimea foi the express purpose ot organizing tbe service, for the earryinc of them into ex ecution. lhat gent* man has acted wiih great sucoess, and 1 believe the eommiaeariat arrangements in tbe Crimea are now as complete aa the nature of the service will admit. * * ? i will now state what wo ate going to do. It bar- struck everybody who hat av tecdi d to mil.tsiy matters, that tbe part ot our military I arrangements which consists >n tbe separation of many I important branches of the administration of the army ; sbcuJC be reformed ; ano that it is desirable that the present highly inconvenient arrangement of having the orr'rance n-j.arate from oih<r branches should be pat an end to. (Bear, b'sr). My noble friend, ljOtd mnmnre, bits given b>s anxious attention to improve the arrange ment on that head. Tbe house will feel that there must be more difficulty in remodelling a department of th* pnblis service when important public service is going on, tbsn when there la, comparatively speaking, no pres sure on the time and attention of those who are to re model it. (Pear, hear! When every hour of toe day? almost every hour of tlie night? is taken up with busi nees, the beads of tbe department must have a difficulty in flndirg time to mature their arrangements, and a still greater difficulty to mature them without interfering with the discharge of the current a flairs of tbe deport ment. (Hear, bear.) We Intend to remodel the Board ot Ordnance, to abolish the office of Master- Seneral and the Boaid ot Ordnance, as a Mperate establishment. The artillery and engireers will, as military bodies, be placed, in point of discipline, under the same authority as that which euperintends the diecipllno of the army at large. (Hear, leer.) 1 never could understand the principle upon which the line should be nnder one military chief, and the artillery and ecgineeis under anotlior. (Bear, Lear.) 8on.e are of opinion tbat centralization ought to be earned fuither, and that the Minister of War ought to be, what he is in pome countries, also Commander-in-Chief. I am not of th*t opin ion. 1 think thtiw would be great objections to each a consolidation? objections with regard to toe interests of tbe army, and objections belonging to other feeling* con nected with the working of the constitution. (B*ar, hear). For, while this country is under a parliamentary govi-rnment, the government, will bo liable to be chang ec from time to time, and if the Minliter of War was also to be director of the discipline of the army, he must be a military man: for I think it would be fatal to the dis cipline ot the army to entrust it to a civilian. I do not think the army would feel the same reipect for a chief who waa not a soldier. I tbink they would regard his praii-e as of httle value, and hia censure of no treat weight. In order that the discipline of the artay should be efficient, 1 think it eieential tbat its head should be a military man, capable of judging of the merits and de merits of every soldier and officer In it. It would not be possible in all the changes ot our government to find a military man who, devoting himself to political mat ters, should be regarded as a proper representative of the amy in the cabinet. It is undeniable for tbe in tereat of tbe army that such an arrangement should be made. Resides, if the whole patronage of the army is to be dispensed by a member of the government of the day serious objections will arise. I think tbat the proeant arrangement is one that oaf ht to be maintain ed, and that there is a great advantage in having the discipline of the army superintended by a military man not a member of the government of the day ; and that the patronage of the army ihould be dispensed by a man un connected with the political party wbo happen for the time to be at the head of affairs. I Bear, hear. ) We know that it is only by tbe suooeWnl prosecution of tbat war ? by improvements In the public servloe? that any government who may be honored witb the confi dence of tbe Crown, and tbe support of 1'arliament, can hope to deserve either tbe cue or the other, or to render ittelf worthy the approbation of the nation. (Cheers ) yes, I am bound to ssy that this House hat afforded to the gorernmeBt *11 the ikmm which they have nought at It* bend* for the procuration of the war, ead ha*. by *o doing, pmcnted to Rmiope and to the world a moot robie epcotaole of party f?el!ag? thrown overfioard, and of rB'ty f-trife merged In the earnest desire to promote the national welfare and to carry out effectively the aer r*re of the Htat*. I Itel bound to make tble acknow ledgment. to the Hou<e, and I muit add the expre*elon of a bof e that the forhearanoe which both the Hoaee and the country have ebowa la waiting for the announcement ot the referral In our military eyatem which we are about to ptopoee will atlll continue to be afforded ui when the marker change for the better In the condition of our army whl<h has already been effected, and th# Improve ments which ttu oar intention at once to iatroruce Into tbe management of the a Hair* oonneoted with that army, are taken Into acoount. (Hear, bear.) We are ??gaged In a great atrnggle. The qneetioa Involved In that etrnggle i? i?ot. depend upon It, tbe ooooeealon of tbia point or that; It la not the eimple qneatiou of any of M>ofe topic* which hare been to lately dUcnneed. lht liUi tiei of B+r\iy ami of the titorUI are deeply a i i take the mrmbtrtof the mhtiU human race ha-> View tyre fixed on the i ontut in whirh we are now engaged. Rere are arrayed ujvm oae ride of that mighty ooateet two greet nation*-- 1 hear, hear ) ? upon the other *Und* a gigantic ai>d eoioaeal power; and tbe lean* of the ?tiupgle hefwien them hang* not upon question* of clcute arrangement. I'prn that time it <iep-m<ljt whether England and trance thnU continue to hM imong lie k t?i p<l</tn * of the earth tie high position whirh they now occv/'i? (hear, h*ar)? whether they thai/ nnk down to the nnatlitn of inferior and .'tend rate Slate*, or whither Ike m'my, agmntt uhote nfigre??ion they art to oalUinlly contend ing, thall be the dictator of Euruj<e and the domi nant povxr throughout the world. (Cheer* ) *h? Vienna Coelmnef-tlie French Plan of ljtd*penatnc? In tbe PilnrtpailUea. [Kiom be London Tinea, May 12.} AHhrugh the Allied Power* bare failed in thair at trm[ t to procure by diplomatic negotiation tbe utoent of buetia to the eonditlona which are regarded a* ladiapen table preliminary* to the reetoratlon of peace, her aa *eat I* net required to (Ire practical effect to tho?a con dition*. On the contrary, we hare asked for nothing whleh we are not able, aa long aa the war laete, to im poee oa Ku*ela by force and wltbont her eoneent; and, If abe refnree to accept theae arrangemeate at the teim* en which peace Bight be made, *be mart endure them at tbe reenltaef tbe war ihe ha* prolonged The*, the coafereacei at Vienna were broken off upon the Umlta tto? cf the prepoaUeragff f U) U)t 8ta. ht, a* * Dm}* 4* PHni mtdr ttNiniN the 19th it la mmt Bussia, bat th* wuttro Power*, wbloh bav* complete pot of the Blatk S*a at th* present lima, and they will remain ia this poaiUao a* long aa the war Uata. It would thereto* be more exact, instead of speaking of the ) m'tstion of tb* preponderance of Rnaaia in those water*, to *ay that it ta for Ruuia to aak of th* Time Power* on wbat condition* they wilt allow har fla( to r*-ap*ear in th* mm from which it ia now entirely ex clue ed. That portion of bar aavereignty which eon sista in the navig atien *f th* watera a tjaoeut to her territories la, in fact, confined to the Caspian. and ex tinguished on every o'her part of the globe. Tha Black Sea aid the Baltic are alike closed against her. In I ke manner, it ia in the power >f tb* AlU*s to open tb? passage and free the navigation of th* Dana1 *. and we regret that mere energetio mean u res hire not long ago been taken for tbia purpoa*. The batteriea and es tablishments on tbe t-ulisa island have been destroyed, but a small force of gunboat* onght to be able to oom mand th* tower channel of the rim, Bo, again, th* Allied i'ower* sgreeo by tb* fourth point to obtain from the Ottaman government the confirmation and observ ance of the religion* privilege* of the different Christian communities of tbe Ottoman empire, without oiatincticn of aect; or, in other word*, to lndaoe the I crie to ameliorate and secure th* tutur* condition of it* Cbriatian subjects Had Russia accented th* term* offered she would, of com**, have participated in this negotiation, and turned it aa tar aa possible to her own advantage; but, ainee she has rejected this overture, the AMi. <1 Powers are fully entitled to proceed to the completion of these important arrangement* without her. This observation applies with still greater 'ore* to the first ot llie stipulations wbich lately occupied the Confe ?ence at Vienna? we mean tbnt wbich related to the fu ture condition of the Danubian Principalities That sub ject was tnliy and aoly discussed by tbe plenipotenti aries. It was admitted on all hands that (be state of thing* which existed aider the old Ruseo- rurkish trea ties Ti wholly at an end, and a plan for the future gov ernment of these province* was agreed upoa by all the powers, subject to the a?aent of tbe Porte, and to tbe ulterior arrangement* which may be required to oarry it into effect. * hetber the Russian government chooses to he a party to these sitapgementa or not, is a matter of comparative indifference; but ,it canoot for a moment contended tbat tb?ae ua'ortunate province* are to endure all the Vila of a provisional government and a foreign oocapa tlcn during the whole period of toe coutinuiuce of th* war, when there fa no longer any obstacle to the re-es tabiisbment of a regular, legal, and permanent form of government. It i? h>bly improbable that tbe Ruaaian icrces will at any futuie t<me in this contest recross the I'mth, since that ha* been mad* a ratut belli by Austria, snd would snawar no stralegicel purpoa*: bat if any ad citionul guarsutw b* lequirrd for this portion uf the Ot toman territory, it would f? found in tb* rt>tabli*hm?ot of a definitive M*ldo-Wallachl*n government, acknowledg ing the aovereignty of th* 1'crte, ami having th* support oi the Allied Powers. Tbe present condition of the Principalis** 1* In the bigheit degree uneatit'actrry They have been impov eiisbed to exceaa by f< ur lucceaaive military occupations in the course of the last seven years, and the present occupation by tbe Austiian*, though made in pursnanc* of a treaty with the bulten, Is not a whit to** onerous or oppressive to tbe inhabitants than those whieh have prececed it. For military purpoaee it ia useless, for civil or political porpote* it ia mischievous, and we hold it to be for the interest of tbe provinces thcmtelw, of tfce Porte, and of the Western Powers, V? faf Jkhiate the /petrian occopaiion, by establishing ? government ea ?f TrttcriLf pe*?ej Wdt? knd independence to the O'l&htry. .^ereis ho rent on that Moldavia and Walla chia should not re vtrt to the comparatively peaceful and tappy condition which Servia has preserved throughout the wsr, aLd by securing tbe neutrality and iadepond ei co. of these provinces we should obtain the best bar rer tbat can be raised against the aggressions of Russia. Tbey are, in fast, as we once before remarked, tbe lew countries of the lisnube, and their political position snd importance on the map of Europe bear a strong analogy to those of Flanders and the country between the MeuBe and tbe Rhin*. If such a government can b* established now, Russia at ihe peace will Blmply have to acknowledge what she cannot prevent, and indeed she seceded at Vienna to the propriety of Home sach ar laTgement. At present tbe miserable, arbitrary, and corrupt administration of Prase Stirbey prolongs all th* abuses of the old system, without even seeming the in de pendeace of the territory from foreign occupation. The Austrian generals exercise an uncontrolled and uns eru pt] li us authority, in so much that by the last account* General Coroninl had actually proceeded to place the town and diatiict of Krajova, in Wallachta, unJer mar tial law because the Inhabitants had resented the inso lent and overbearing eonduct of the Austrian garrison; and tbe condition ot the people is truly lamentable. On th* Setb of March Baron de Bounjutney letd at the conference an able paper, which is annexed to the sixth protocol, on the futcre government of them Prin cipalities. the French Minister reamtmen ded m theslromg en tirvit Ihe creation of a State which would serve a i a na ture I barrttr on the confines rd Jtiusia, anil for thii pur pose he proponed the union cf the two provinces, whose arm l.intd population would amount to 4,0C0,600 tout*. The government by Hot pod ar a. either nominated for a time or lor life by the Porte has proved a vicious and de strnct ve system which ought to be superseded by an hereditary government, such as was granted by the Rat tan to the Miiosch family in Servia. and is still In force in tie Pasbalic ot Egypt. But in the opinion of the French gov<ri.nnnt, it would be more desirable to select the head if melt a State from one qf the reigning familie s of Eu rope, and not f torn those Boyart or I'tinariote /ami lit* uhue intriguri and corruption hane dime so much injury to Lh< country. The sovereignty of the Sultan would still be paramount, but, as U. cv Eourqueaey observed, ' the importance of the new Piir clpality, frcm it* political position as wel' as from tbe an cunt of Its population, would secure to a Chris tian cy nasty sufficiently (treat advantages for vassalage cot lo be n decided objection. " Fonalbly a sort of fede ral t nion or close alliance with ?ervia might still fur ther increase the commercial prosperity, the military tore*, and tbe polltioal importance of sueh a Htste. If tMs plan be a good one, as it appears to us to be, why tbonld it not be pat at once into execution ? it would relieve the Pcrte from its present unsettled and unproductive relations with the** provinces, in ex change for a Used tribute and a valuable protection. At stria would be enabled to withdraw her troops from a false position, in whieh ab* can neither menace the Russians nor seeur* the welfare of the inhabitants. Hie agriculture and trade of the Principalities would at once revive under a tolerable administra tion. and w* have no hesitation in asserting that, from the fertility of the soil and tbe facility of communica tion by the Danube, these provinces wou'd rapidly be come a flourishing State Although Russia bas with held hrr a*sent to tbe conditions of peace, the success of institutions planted on the very scene of that '-mate rial guarantee" ?he attempted to wrest from tbe Port* would be a moral victory over her infiuenoe not inferior in importance to tbe most signal triemph of our arms, snd it would afford a pledge to tbe Eastern populations of Europe tbat the policy of tbe Allied Powers is identi fied with the progress of civilization and koou govern ment. <Jn thete ground* the eitdblithrtunt of a permanent adihintitrotion in the Priw-ipalitiet, in aecordnnre with the riev * already made known to the Co nference of Vienna, u-ottld f e a result <j f inralculalle adivnUtge to the (erur&v if Ihe Forte, and to the political influence which ttands njperfd to the encroachments of Russia. Thr m Shocking and Revolting" Position of (he United Stat** [From tbe London Times, May 11.] We adveited euisortlj on a former occasion to a letter which appeared in onr columns from an able corre* prndent, well known to our readers under ihe signature, not ir applicable to him in either senne, of a "Staton' Man.'' The object of onr corr?*pondent is not what we ibould hive hoped it would have been? to clear tbe free men of America from the stigma Implied In the charge i that tbe sympathies of America are not on oar aide. To tbe great mass of men. who judge matter* on their fir ?t aspect, and have neither If inure nor inclisalion to pourd the depths of political ques tions, l hire u umething shocking, and itch revolting, in the aamvrum Uiat. though polity may keep the UnilM Stair* neutral in we pretent content, and interest may pltad at loudly in favor of Russia a* of Engltuul and France. thr fethngt and sympathies of Anurioa, the con mil tier Mid heart if the nation, which are not tinder the cintrol qf inlerttt nor subject to confederation* qf Stat, pclicv. tide with the I'bvcTt of the Ea*>. in their present dudly ftruggU with the JHotoert ef the West 1o those who knew America only from tbe over* train ed praise of the Manchester school, who look upon her *e the paradUe of tbe poor, tbe l*nd of high wages, vote by ballot, universal *nflr*ge, no State endowments, ?Leap newspapers, and abnndant supplies of ardent epliiis, it Hens almost impossible that tbe asylum of liberty, Ibe boasted fountain of the future civilization >>f the wotld, ibould in feeling, if not in act, be closely united to a nation and a government tne whole mission acd duty of which seems to be to live in darkness and DiKr) themselves, and by war and desolstloo to spread that darkness and mirery over ths f/ioe of tbe whole babitabls globe. will rot offend the sofeeptiMlity of our corvee pondent by offering to him again arguments intended to iodnce tbe people of America to rooonsidsr this question, and to show that duty, honor and interest urge thtm alike to derire} and, to far a* their traditional pc licy and isolated position ypill permit, to contribute to the success of the allied Potrers. Tbe tint reason given by onr correspondent for a rbilo Kusilsn feeling In America Is that a struggle be tween Cbriktiaa nations in arms is a disgrace to the nineteenth oentuiy. We bop* that this statement is rot red, and well wonld it ba for tbe United HUtes, and well for tbe destinies o. tbe human race, it such doe trices bad taken Arm j?eseseioa of tbe misd of the recple of America Tte preaching of tbe Peaea Society pss failed in England, because tbe common sense of her people tell* them that peace to not a matter like free trade or ac minUtrative reform, which it 1* within their own power to take or rejeet, but a blessing whleh ia held, from it* very nature, at tbe will of oth?rs, which may be lo?t by tbe will of a madman like tne Emperor Paul, and Ttg*iat&, as in tbe case of tbo same Paul, by tbe dsgger of an assassin. I!u! tae United States have xta?ly before then that very option between peace en< war whleh is denied to members of tte kuropean confederacy, and, if tbey wonld only act on the maiim attributed to them by our correspondent, m<|iht maintain peace among themselves and wUn all tbe wotld. The recent of 'pre five irar on Mrrico, the armed a pittance lm' by America ft citizen* to the Ca nodi/in rtlellien, the de*1rucfion ef (ireyto\m, and the doctrine recently promidgatrd by Ui> Ornnd Congress if Amnican Amlctradtrrs with regard to tbe seizure of Cuba, seem to afford some proof that oar correspondent i* mistaken in his eitimate of American feeling, or that tbe I nited State* consider 'bemselvr* a* an exception to tbe rule they apply to their neighbors, and believe that tl>? ilaneh'er or " God'* chief nandiwork oo earth" is only unjustifiable wb?n wrought by Kuropean hands. Onr correspondent further thinks that our object? ths destructicn of Knesisn preponderance In ths Rla-k 8ea? in unwiee, tnattalnnbh-. end indefeniible. and thnt were Kneels to submit to sucn a proposition sIm wonld show benelf half fool, half coward. Bat he forg.-ts that to thi* very object Ruesia has herself formally consented, and that, if such consent has not been carried out into a fcrmel treaty. It is < n'y became that by a series of the most dierepntnble quibbles snd evatlona Russia has de liberately eluded the consequences of a principle which ?be ha* bene if, In the moat tolemnsnd categorical man tier, admitted as tke basis of segotlatlon. The argument th?D (obm te this? that Africa sympathize* with Ens ?hkMiMibflud and Ftum d?MMl fro* bJ terms which Ranis hare elf admitted to to ju*t ud *q table frounca af negotiation. If hum people ara m Catholic than I he Papa, surely our eorreapoadentis m Russian ttu tba Cxar. A not tor causa which inda America to sympathise with tba wrong against the rig is, that England. toiag a maritime power, la nmsi?t brought into collision with America, whUa Rusate, h ing bo commerce, haa no ground* of diateaaica. T! inch jealousies may operate on the miads of a eemm cial nation we do not dispute, bat, aa they make difference whatever in the jaxtice of the eaaaa which we tight, our correspondent in no respect *taeag ?na bis eanae by adverting to them, and doea hi* aat little credit by imputing to it each motive*. lima English prees actually praaomea to caavaa* the cead of the American people with the aame freedom it ex cites towarda ita ova government, ita owa iastitutio and evea royalty itself. There la, we aaapeet, the i gravamen of the charge Amerita la the land af Ubax aad it i* lawful for her untaxed pies* to utter, aacha ed, the moat aeanoaloua aciuaatiosi again rt fcadlvkiu and the moet bitter imputationa against political parti bat if an American citizen presume, by ? peach or w ing, to oall in question the policy, the political akac ter, or tba doaieatic ioat tutiona of the nation ? if hint that a government which decidedly gi to pbyalcal labor a superiority over intellectual eapac ? which, while preaching turn intrrvent ion to ua, sends to Eur of tan countries, under the name of Ambassadors t Consuls, agents of insurrection and disorder, he la M taugbt to bow to the will of cha maj nity, aad to lei that even <n the land of liberty freedom of dianaaeiea all lubjsct* la not permitted. From this democratic o norbbip tbe preaa of England ia neoesaarily exempt, i it ia tberefi re no wonder that our American coua abnuM hear with Impotence from writers abroad tru that they will not t<l?rate from journalist* aad atat men at home. Tbe next ground for aympathy w KuHiia ia tbe belie* of aome people ia Amei that England and Franre were, under the pteto of mccorirg bpain, meditating a Crimean expeJit to tbe Waatern bemiapbere Such aa expedit could only be caused by aggressive policy oa Cart of Aactrica; and now, when we k.now t cm an life ia ao sacred in ber eyes that no e Ongtntcr prospective dancer juatifl'e war. aad that foreign interference ia aa "ill pa d trad*," there san en our eorrespondent'e own ebowing, no poaaiale rea for audi an inte.-wcntirn. We conclude, then, that correspondent baa givnn no reasonable or eoaslat grounds for American aympatoy wt'h Russia; but believe tt at tbore grounds tor which soeh aympa exiata ara not difficult to find The slavehoUling St athiir with the Ciar as a slav/iolder, the Jilibus inq factions admire, as they would imitate, if they oox the east scale, of his Ofifrestunis; and democracy, eiaia that ita ?;11 aloulJ he above all law. aympathlse* v a maa who has establiebed for himself the same ai exemption; and both are led by their several creeds contrary in appearance, so identical in fact, to ha' country where law aseerta ber supremacy over the of the many or tbe few. and where the abaolute eqoa of mankind 1* no partol toe political ay stem, and th fore aervea as an excuse neithor to the despotism of one, nvr the tyranny of tbe many. The IUilgnailoii of H. Droayn d? I'Hajre, French Miuiater. [Frcm the Lot don Timet, May 8.1 Ji. TLouveael in particular, who was appelate< supply hi* (de l'Huya) place during the mis*ioa af Minister to Vianaa, hao ao much reason to reseat treatment ha received from hi* official chief, that placed hi* resignation a lew day* ago la the hand the Emperor. The result, however, was, that M. Tt venel was raised to a far bigber post by beiag aame tbe Embassy at Constantinople, and M Drouya l'Huya withdrew Irom ofbee within 48 hour* after return to Pari*. We ao not, however, luppose that dispute is the sole, or even tbe principal cause, af resignation of the Foreign Minuter of Franoe at *o port ant a crisis. A* long a* Lord John Ruseell re as*, at Vienna, the harmony continued unbroken bain the plenipotentiaries ; hut ia the courte of tw three day* subsequeat to the departure af British Plenipotentiary M. Drouya de l'B appears to have clscussed aad arranged with Count I a pTopesltioa of terms of peace widely different f that on which tbe allied courta had previously agr Thi* scheme, whatever it may be, wai uahesltati rejected by tbe head of tbe French governmeat aa I as it was made known in Par i*, and the British govaraa were equally aatisfled that no honorable peace eonl concluded ca such a basil, fot the effect of this eo Hon was barely to limii tbe naval atrength of Rusal tbe Blnrk ?>ea to the force alie already possessed be tbe outbreak of tbe present hostilities. M Drouy l'Bujs appears to have thought that peaee might precured on these terms ; but, as this was net the ntou of the government which he served, of the allied government with whi h he acting thi* difference of policy led to hie tirt orient irom office cn the termination of his Via mission. It >? net only on the ground of the inadeqi ot t>.e*e term* thut we are aatiafled the 'Western Poi could not with honor or consistency accept them, desist trom the war without having succeeded in object we proposed to attain by the expedition to Crimea, and without h living materially iesaeaad power and pride of Kuaaia, would simply be to iner her influence toronghout the Kast and tee central st of Enrops, and to lower tbe reputation af two aat which have hitherto cla med the first rank ia mill and naval warfare To tuat result the people of ] land, and we behevt that we may add the peop France, are not prepared to lubmit; such a peaee w be fatal to tbe gov?rnmenta by which it mighl concluded, for it would be judged of, aat *o mud tbe term* we might ac'naliy obtain nom Russia, a failure to t nforce those con it lens which have been lemnly declared to he essential to the future aecnril the Ottoman empire and o' Kurope. Mor. over, in gestiog these terms the cabinet of Vlsnoa does appear to bave poatessed any assurance that they w he accepted by that of Mb Petersburg*!, and the A Power* would tbua have teemed to sue for the peace w they have every right to dictate. Under these circ itances, whatever iray have 'been the opinion o Bioujn re 1'Hny*. tbe Emperor of the Frtnch and Queen of Englaoa bad no alternative but to reject *? proposition and to prosecute tbe war until fre*h o turea ire made by tbe au omission of the enemy, incident ia in reality ao more tban the epilogue tt confeitnce of Vienna and it disposes of the last iU? which that negotiation may have raiBed. Lou of the Ship John, of Q,nebee? FABT10CLAH8 Or TDK DleABTM ? NKAJUiT IlCM>RbD PlkSOMS IROWNKD ? ALL TUB PaF?Jl>GFR8 loot. [Dy mouth (Eng., May 9 ) Correspondence of the cbe?t*r limes ] On Saturday, Hay 6, shortly before the closln Lloyd'*, a pain'ul sensation pre ruled by tbe recoil a telegraphic meesage from Falmouth, announdfl dteadlul abipwreck on tbe westward of that port, bp (migrant ship going anhors oo tbe rooks off St. KeJ with I'fiO emigrants m board, and that nearly al passengers were drcwnel. Subsequent telegraph tages received on Satnrcay evening from Falmouth I tbe 1 olio ? ing details respecting the loss:? Th? Jobs, It appear*, tailed from 1 lymouth oa ' i ay afternoon, with ilO emigrant!, for Quebec, and countered a heavy gate of wind from the aorthsafl tbe westward ef tbe Kadyntoae, and got eloeor I ware* the land than tbe captain wa* aware of, " making for the Blackhead headland, be ran t upon a dangerous reef of rocks colled tbe " HrniftB Rttnate a nbort distance from the eoast, and bet| Peanna and Cbuuckell's Point (the extreme east* of Cornwall.) It occurred between ten and o'clock on Friday nig lit, the wind blowing ?ily at the time, and a tremendous sea ing tbe ccast In a few minutes she w ofl. but tbe captain found she was fast .. evidently having ?tove m her bottom ; asd as the] chance of raving life, he ran her axhore, where ?be I down within itw> feet firm the coast. The waterfl shallow, and the deck was aoove water, bat which was about two-thirds flood, was fast runnii and would soon cover her up to nearly her maiatof great number with the crew took t j the rigging, bul bulk of the unfortunate pasaengers wtro iwept ol wreck by tbe fearful neas that rullod over, and way it is understood that nearly 200 met with a t grave. Early on Saturday morning tbe ooast guard m covered the wreck lrom ihtlr '? look-out," aai sixty or seventy people alleging to the rigging. T ing assistance, ta?y proceeded to the spot oB wb wreck wa* lying, and, by dint of great efforts, *u< in taking ott of the rigging the whole of the Among Ui#m were several females, and Oapt. Hawlfl bis crew. Tbe ship is fuppoeed to be as entire lots. She i v*ry old ve**?l, and we find by Lloyd's Register SootH she wss 466 tons register, and was Built at Cbeatfl 1810, anr baa long osasrd to be clamed. She appeaH bsve undergone repaint In 1847 and 1853, and waH 1 p 1 1 rr v or Messrs. Rawla and Oo , merchant#, a| month. I In regard to the cause of the awfnl fatality, it apl that all went prosperously till about half- past nifl night, wbeu they made the Falmouth light, the ca^ bimsell pointing It out to one of tbe paaeeagers en I Juit at thl* time tbe sooood mat* was trying to| the Liaerd light and be aakeo some of the passen tbey could not ?ee tbe reflection of the light la U tbey re jlied tbey could not, when the captain i could not either, but they would see It fast enough I they got there It w** tbe second mate's watch] the captain shortly alter went below. About tan o'| tl,e mute came oo tbe poop and asked the passen tbsy had teen the captain, and on being asked wb wanted the captain tor, be said he (tbe mate) th they were a deal too nigh land. Shortly sftsM the eapWin esme oa deck, aid what toe matH stated? 1 that tbey were Retting too close oa laa^ we* rej< rted to him; the oaptaln pooh- poo be report. Soon afterwards some one forward ?aa "reeks," snd almost Immediately the vessel with tii'lrnre, so mach ?? that shy bump* the rock, and then struck with still groa* or foroO^^ rocks further In; the captain was tben dlstioctlv^l t.? call out " tun her e; round." the vessel IM| ? 11 *sll on her and great way, as sho was, wb scciiU nt hsppencd. going eight or n?ne kaots, and 1 run aground, the sea washed ber off eg*!11) *n5 ?b dona <be coast fcr some distance. An aturap thin trade to bring ber up by letting go her at^l when she grounded heavily, broadside on. Att^l ass tben directed to tbe boats? of which she baM od beszd, three oa d?ok and one over tbe side? lain, tour seamen, a boy and one paisenger jumpe^H tlie letter ooat, sad called out to lower, but flnd^ one srswtted tbe call, tbe csptatn retarced to tM of the vesiel. wb?n the boat was lowered. On her r irg tbe water it was found there was no plngia hs thstubews* without thole pins Wtiilo they wort i to k not It these deflclencf**, ber tackle became i ed, aid tlie boat drlfUd off from ths vassal with captain Ibe men put tbeir knives In for the aid the paeasnger his German pipe for a like pa and they pullf<1 out to sea to get ronnd a point ofl over wllcft ibe breakers weTe rolling heavily. Wh< had westbered this point tbev polled for the li nsarlag which tbsy saw a light. Nat bolng find a landing place, they nailed aloud for hei) tbey Wire ft aril by tlie son of lieutenants of tbe ro<?t guard, who pointed out a place" Ing. 't mediately the alsrnt wa* spread thai ssi bad struck oa the Manacles. An *ttem| tb?n made to pull out noma of the ooaet