Newspaper of The New York Herald, October 24, 1860, Page 4

THE DREPIESSIBLE COIFLICT. Speech of {Senator Mason, of Virginia. i THE REPUBLICANS AN ABOLITION PARTY. TUB AtSEESSIMS OF THK SOUTH. The Balance of Pow?r Belweon South and \orlfc ill Cousress Lost. The Sen ate Will Soon be in the Hands of the North. OMLY TWO PARTIES NOW IN TOE COUNTRY. ? , j ALABAMA WILL NOT SUBMIT. Measures for Sfcpsnion in Soutli Carolina. LOUISIAN* MOViNG INTO LINE. ARtlJIEftTS 1.1 FAVOft OF SECESSION, &?., *0.. Ac. >|i?fili i/l Itr lion, .laiiiti 01> Mason St Ituknonil, Va. SPECIAL KJ.I'OKT KOt TUK IIKRALD. Rk hmowP, Va , Oct 20, 1W0. The Hod M Uwoc delivered aa addros* hero to night before the Breckinridge and lime LH mooratlc As*> otation, Id reeponse to an inntaiionof that body A large crowd waa In attendaoce, and the speaker w aa enthus'as ticaily revived After a few brief remarks by L. W Glazebrnok, Eeq , 're* lent of the association, lair wluclng the orator of the evening, and expressive of a hope that due attention would be given to him. Mr Maaox came forward aitd said ? tii.Mt.ixu or hi Itmcvratic jUMntno* of I'd' HMoro AJO MT Foxow I'lTiiiK*- or till UTT or RkMOVD? II Lis given me very gr. *t | l*a*ure to accept the invitation of your c 'mm it. lee to meet yoa here to night, aid to addr??s you upon U><> >|i:catK>n< of public interest wbiBh are now pending before the country I u e I not U>11 you or any In u* llgewt aadleece of Virginia anywhere In this canvass that tte subject* wbch arc to be dispised of by the re sult of tbe election now pending a-e of more than ordinary lt> re# t to tbe conntry kt l*rge, ?"d of particular internet to tbe Southern Viatel. Tbe election for a Preaiilent of tbe totted Haun la always looked 1 1 by the Ameri can people with concern, because It Imports, as It rcslly take* with It. a cew departure to the policy of tbe government. It la a Dew era ? a new epoch ? wbee tbe people, who are tbe electors, indicate the general oourse of policy, or tbe general easw of measuro* wblcb It is tbelr pleasure to ordain or Indicate tbrongh tbe President. Tbe office of Preai lent of U>s I'oitcl Flato* Is not only tbe first office In the gift of the people, bat aa office which take* with It a very large measure of public power It Is not alone tbat tbe I'leeilent Is lie { dlspeaacr at the produ, honors or emoluments of tbs pub- ! lie offiote, but It .* because tbe I're*ldeut not only has it I to bis powtr, but is required by tbe constitution, to Indl ' rate to tbe people of the several State* wbat the c minion of tbe country is and wbat measures, in bis Judgment, I should be recommended for enaetmeol. and It follows i that the reoonmendation* of tbe l'reeldent to the Con- 1 greea of the I ntied States carry with them very greet In- , ttuenoe. almost potency. It is tor this rtaaoo that we are accustomed to look at each sucoaaiive election of l'reel deal for the settlement of old accounts, tbe opening of new books and the commencement of new credits Tne'e s another aspect in which It Is to be viewed. Tbe el sa lon of Prseiueat indioaus ia* numerical strength and fcs political power of tbat party of whose measure* and ( I'crposee and prios'pli s the l*naldent is the eipment, I Ucaate it get. --rally fallows? sometime* to be sore there ( are e> oeptioea ? It generally folio that the legislative . w.li i? but ia waiting upon tbe rroaidrottal rerommen datioae It is In tl.<s aspect, fellow ciltieos, that we i are to look to the rerum nee of tbe election dow with more than ordinary mtereet. The public policy ?<f our country, the position of the government for the Urn* being. IS a. w a> < in keepttg with tbe political F'-nllmrnl* i>l the party whirl, brings tbe President Into, . aid the ni.weoree to be ordained during tbe term be is in, j power, and is indicated by the political caste or oon.pleiioa / of the party wbo.ierl him So log aa the poll lual par tee of our country were of that healthful character which belor.gs t? ? ->pul?r Institutions? eo lung ss the popular dl v Is lou* which divide the popular ni.ua are based upoa { beaithful Issue*, no danger need be appr< bende 1 to tbe country from tbe result of any rrectdeolial elect, ja It , run j happen Uinta I'reald. at cxaes Into power whose : view* of government or measure* of government may be found una xeptabla to a very large portion of the oommn city; but It ts bet n transient admlaiatrailoo of four ' year* duration The people have it in their power to cvrrect the err >rs, if tbey have e? sled, in tbe electioo to lake piece, an. ? "to bring,' aa Jefferson so well and w 'eely said, " the ship or Mate ap-<e tbe true repub loan tack ' I say tbl* waa the rase as i< ug as political divi sions la u>e oountry were based upon ii.-a.tbf il issue*, under tbe c< ostitat on the country ; l>e?* i?e political !?rt ee then were distribute.; *>('jal.y . and if ueeq<ially, { on y to mar a the exceptions. In short, political Kirtlee were U- be : und il'.itribukd ^,na.ly orth, Snuth. Fast and Weet Some years ego there waa a po meal organiration In intimate, cv.n fldentiai, fraternal comn. inu>n, nundicg from the tmtf of MetWo to tbe wators 1 f tb- Br Itieti [vjeeeeems i?i toe Dortbra-i and fr m the water* of the Atlantic to the Rocky Mov lain* la the w?et? an etietlng p-'Mtlcsl or- | gamial -n in aiMiation aoo sympathy id all the ftatee The American mind was origiLally divided upon two greet part l, -a ? the rep' b'. can j>*rty on . ne side, and lbs f-leral party on th>< ?tb< r? ?*?? luclu'i og in IU numbers the enligbti-ced latatl'geaoe and the patriatie p irpoene of ths ahl at. the beat, tbe ii*re?i m--a il the lawl In V r glnia, Man? chnastu, Mi* ne. Oeorgie, KeBtociy. tod, in tact, all ib? <<ut'a, dlTiaioes ei >ieo, bet the n^ecuand -eot m<?its of ail were no lew* pair: >ll?. Itie, parties differed on ; on Ui ee las :e? out of wb.'h pilltloal part e* neosearily arise. tb < point* of i ' reoo* beinf a* u> the beat w>eare of atuiL ng the common go. d But it wae a rommon got?i, an i thuae who IMC badft upon political part' a as ttiey were then dlvl.lcd 1 know will Sr.ftatn me wte? I clsallei ge history tn ?ay that, however we differed with the federal party of that 'lay in wast was beat tor the cn-raavm rood, yet we eceor l a* hiatory will accn?d. It them tiat their great end and aim werethetr country '* .food, ard tbe common good (loud applause.) Wbere om a* stand now I am speakltg to you, my country ?en. ef pollt' >1 partie*. but in no part sen aenae. If there be any In this assembly who evpert an addrrs* from " me, tbe t,b eet <4 whicli might be to eierate or d i>rea* the principle* of any pail tieal |?rty ia the South, they Will he very much m s taken. (ap|>lauae) The t' me for dlB*ii*at?o atd d lb reaees amoog "unx '*ee l* g^-ue hy (*(.pl*u*e) And whew 1 speak to y<M . therefore, of polmoa1 part <w. I pray yoa to uedervui. l that 1 refer to tb?m only a* e? j? oeets <4 the popular will as exponent* of tbe popular mind, net la a t>art* aenae I aay, tten. tbat theee pert e* tu wki b 1 have alladed? the republican and fede ral pan ee? at tbe r xr.mraoemeat of tbe government, ia tbe various aspr-is aa ' the vanoaa naaiee under which th?y staee pars.-d dew* to a resect per ?1 , have always ?>eea govweed hy one e<?im *, patriotic purpnee, anl that waa tbe gonil of tbe wb-te countrr (Applause > Bet frowi the moneat tbat time partie* in the fruth made the first nneeaiioo* to tb* fea:y o' the Nnetb, they liave bem stepping down, down, in increa* ng rat noritiea, oat.l they no longer prreervs * trace of tbelr nationality TV old federal party, to which I hare already glvea full crec t for runty of parpoae. becaus* ?vbaeqnentiy traa^'*P >d -> t: r wb' ? pa-ty, whic* ? v eo lea* pMrMtlr. *ed that part} at a more reoeut period waa ohaafeil <st tie -tniag party, as they called Ihaswn'W at U-a'- * iey s<ibee>) neatly re ^4md la the naiae at tbe AmrMoac party," now eaistiaf tinder the nana* of the ??I n on party " ! do not apply thea* term* la any nvidioa* or part Mr eeaae I m Te.y mean.? lie? to ?how the rarioa* mutation* which hare takea ptes* la the hirtory of that party *lnoe it flr*t ori ginated, *ad the leg tier acy whlcn has marwol it* career to the pree>iM t'ae Theae partie* were pvtie* thai areas froas dlvHn* of aeetiasanl very fre.4 uettiy, pert c s'^rly ia tb* eonstrurt i.ra *f fsd?wal powrwe. aad o??? foerw y m diffsreooee at op?aM? about the adailuiMra t'*a ac tbe r"-ena?eat the ia* lobe made of the tatlng powv* . the dispc**tloa of the public laad*, and the thou saad c4*m? -) western ne which partie* divided, fhr the last two <w j.r~? (?Mttmu I aM yoa where ere Umw* pastlee ana ? Where are thaae polltlcaJ partie* that es isied uatu a r<e*at prmd from tb* fown iaiKM of the gov ercmeat' Partlee that were divided honorably epoa the Uie theory nf tbe adn.a atrawa of Ihll oomnon gorern ? et r They etwta. <apr There |* no party nrgasilsatloa at thl* day that, s* a party ergaaUatloe from oae whole. ' ****** rM~ * North and Bm?. to a <e de#ned clas* c* mate* in the aad 8buthw?L '.ere 1* *o party orgaa ratma in coromoa betwew ait the ?late* of the I *ua. N*t it s* yn? ci^ia* it* aa ft.le, throw your misd hark aad revolve it aa you Mar r.l yu will flod ao s? 'sting party 'WfantrAtbm is ema netwern tb* ^Ute* where Utere are live, ul tb* sua wt? re there are ar Marea. N^tr, what ' "^ht ?t ? ?' "i* I sm .jetenalaed to speak to you v-Mwtiy tar ' oly ah? ot the *xMiag cnaditlr-n of our pub'le airs There '? bit oa* [Wtnt (4 d flbrene?-_oac i re ?*#[ ef eh part a are now arrayod *Pei?w r- i- ? ? anl that is the qatatlea ' r n( ?'? ?? I nd?*> R^rytbiHg e-se >| * ? | i, Id t 1 a? at lea.-' Mtttwrt ?olt or It has beet. that ail party organizations existing brtwi??i the slave and the fre* SUM are dea 1 and goon. I'arues art arrayed mr icily by a geographical hue of tar- i rilory? that line wlnoh mark* lhoairu.ua between Ibe | ?lave aad tbe free ?u*Un Tliai la Ibe condition of the country What has done thin* Why, be baa been a very uo suoce*#'ul observer of political events woo dae* out kuo ? ' that i! ii (be result, an 1 the result alone of the struggle for political power? a struggle lo get ooesetsian of tbe feleral government for tbe purpoie of administering it 1 aecordirg lo tbe UIM and designs of tbe |Ntrly seeking to cbla n it That is tbe ruwll of tbe work lug of our governm *ot, and always luu beet from 1U origin to tbe present time Tbe republican pa'ly, now called tbe dtini*:ratic party, was s party whose purpose# and policy addressed theiiiaalve* favorably to tbe inieriuau otiud throughout all the {Hi alee, and far a serine of years, with exoepliona only numerous enough to mark the event, tbe political power of the country *<i tr the bands of the dtmocrallc |?ar.y, especially la tbe Northern Sta'en, more ospeclal'y In the Nortnea^tern siades, wbe-e public opinion ts men couoentrated aud where population is most decsr In ibeseStalea their internal in tbe common govern ment was of a character that caused them to repudiate dimocratic policy and keep then In a minority It al w ?y* tappets la Peking political power that parlies in a minority will avail tb< maelve* of any existing oondition of things, tx- It political . moral or religious, which will beat enable them to combine political pariu? for political ptirpovc* They took hi Id of the Slavery question as it exutid in tbe Southern Stales, tirsl bucaufcc it was con tint d to certain State by a geographtcal division which exhausted their population. 11 of took hold of It tgaia bNause it was a subject which enlisted the sytn mlliie* and, througb the machinations and intrigu?H of politicians, apitaied aud perve'ted the judgments of tbe people of the | non siave4,oldug Slatts, looking at it eiib?r iu a religious ! or moral a*i>oct And all this bus bceu done withiu the last fouru-tn or Ofleen years They ban brought this Subject into public view and made it a potential engine of I | hiIi tical power, attracting to it tha alii ntiou of the coua | try and gradually dividing parties up n It We have but for a mun < nt to consider and look ul this thing exactly a* it presents itself, as it is our datr t ) do If we can, to ' charge nottujg, to exaggerate nolhftig, but to eviscerate I tbe (acts whirb ba?c brouj'bt about the present danger | ous condition of our (ederitl reAtinns. All has been ma turcd with'ti the last fourteen years Here is the proof la the public addresses which 1 have made in the lut few w>.eka to the people in various parts of Vir g.nis, 1 btve feltf aatSMied that Ibo best eipinent ol tue varying bun of the political complexion of the diflerent k< ctions of tbe country ciuid be found, b> sn examination into ihe mutations whicti have taken pttca IU thu American Senate 1 have taken to. S tiate as Hie exi*u out, because the Senate has lha loug-wt term o' i lllce. The term of senator is longer than that ol any offl. er in the legislative departmental tLo federal giwru ment, the cotu-tiiul.on so ordaining la order tl.%t ttw Senate m'ght be lefs s.ilijejt to the mutations au I lluitua t oijb tbat allect Suuea by transient and local questl.ins tli?l Irequentlv arise Toe condition of the Serite, therefore ma> je looked to as tbe best exponent ol thu state of the public mind. Within the last lourti on yeirs, during which tme it bas been my forluoe to be 1* that body ii? one of tin honored re, re*entativ. k ol tbe Si?te of \ irginia the anti slavery vote lu tbat body has tscreaaod from being in tbe btginnir* almost o| utter iimi/nidrHUce to a threat* t.ed majority ithtn that very short periul, cot parat vely, the i.ppoe tmn in tbe Senate to the demo nralic party ? I aga'.-i impl ire yon to uoderstani me that, ; in referring to parties, 1 do It m exporeuls nf tin pu illc micd, Hi d not In any parlisau |?etn>.?? I ?ay, wiunu the | p< ri id of fourteen jcsib tbe opi?-)?itlori ti tbj democratic 1 party in 1'ic Si nate. so far as the abolltiooists were r.on ' corned, <fld not number ni ire that ibree or four. Tliere whs on opposition from the Southern as well as | from tbe Northern Slake but this op|H?ltioa I ?o* made up of what was calle<l, at tbat day, '.he whig party, and tbat party wai North u well tu< S ath, and they Lai: a o uimoh lLteriwt and purpose in tbe manngemei t of their ailairs Hat the element* of abo lition ?b cn infus**! itself ?into th?t party fourt een yean agi . amounted to only throe or Tour rotes; an I in mu ln^ up ca mn.itUes ibit> vote war l->oked at in no political sense, or uf a poiit icaJ element exercising any political influence, Car lens any political power in the deliberations ol the Senate They were tot fell one way or the other, iu.d were placed on committee* without any regard to th" :r political predilections or opinions Nt>? look ?t Ibe presi-nt condition of tbe Srnate. l/et us go back tea years, and see how matters stood In that assembly. la 18&C' ? 1 take that period because th" shorter the perloJ the better tbe illustration of th'' rlrws tbat I am to pre sent to you ? In 1S60, when v.e bad brought before the councils of ibe country this quest, n of slavery and anil slavery lb a very dangerous f. rm. the federal Voion coo KKled of thirty ^taur -llfteen slave State* and Qteeo fr<e c-tates Of tbe thirty 8*Ciaton from tbe slave Httteg tbore were eighteen democratic to twelve in opposition, tbe twelve being of the whig party. I have a little .ne morandum, to which, for greater accuracy, 1 shall refer. In 18(0. tbe same year, there were from tbe free states seventeen Kemocrats and thiruva in opposition ? almost equally balanced. Tliere was but one more of the dt mo critic par'y from the slave Stales than thrre was Irom tbe frre Stales, and one more In opposition from tbe free StaWs lhau from the alive States This was a healthful condition of partiua. Tbe oppoaltlon from tbe rlave and free Stale* formed a homogeneous party They had a ;*rty organization existing in all the State* North, and ~lllllaled in all the Slate* South, oonblned for tbe o mmon purpose of opposing tee democratic adminlstra tmn. becaa^e they believed '.Is general tenor was wrong. Ilut tbey were patriotic men, who arrayed tbemselvea la oppomi-nj sole y la* the MN g<Hid. sx aitialbixlng, afllltatlnp and acting together from mottTsatne moat pure and i?trlotic. (Applause.) Now let us see wber* wa stand Tbe same thirty States ? I take th* number a* it sto >d at the period referred to, to order to make my lUu* trat'.on more intelligible ? we all know that three ptatea have be?n added s nee thon? taking the same tbirtr 5-tau-s in 18?0, we ;:nd that there are oo? >n tiwi deoat* Irom tbe tree Statra tlve democrats ? > reduction from seventeen In 1HA0 to Ave In ltSO, and In oppoailloa tbers sre no^ from the free Stateatwenty five? increased from tli rteen ;n <1 i*-S!t on in 1VK) to twenty live In 1860 And ? bo are Uiese twenn life- Not on* Single S?-tialor ol any other |?rty than of tbe abolition pa-ty, otherwise called tbe republlgan party. We call Ibem b'ack republicans. (Applause ) But of the whole op,o*ilion In the Suiato of tbe United Slates now from the free Stales, lncrea**d to twi nty-Cve from thirteen within ten years. MB man is an abolitionist pure and s:mpl?. Now, wbal is tbe OCilitlon of the slsve Stales I'uriog th**e ten > earn' I have (town you that In 1S&0 there were fr..ui ihe u'u-ea slave Slate* eigbtocn demrerata In 1M0 tbeae demo crats have increased to tweuty eight ? ('oud appiaase) ? and tbe op|?>slt!on, which in 18M) waa twelve of tbe wbig party, Is reduced In l^SO to two, s< ? t hat in tbe flleen slave Stales at this day, there are of the whnln number or Senator* but' two in opposition to Ibe democratic par tr,or,to speak wilt greater accuracy, Here is in truth but one, bMauae on the 4lb of March next Mr Critlen de* ,'oe* oat and Mr Rreekiarklg*, if not elected to tbe lYeaidencv of tbe I'mtcd Mat w. MM t.s plaoe (Loud applause ar<?e at tbe mtnllon of Uie name of Mr Brick inrtdge) 1 adduce these facta for tbe purprae of bring ing to your Oiinds a knowledge of tbe rxatiag trutii. that tbe whole o|iw :iton party U> the democracy la tbe Irre Slaw ? la as abolition pirty , pare and aiapte, and that lb* very cauare which have ttrreaacd thai pan? in lea year* f on thirteen in oppceltloo to twealv lire 10 the Tree <uu? bare lacreaaed the democratic i*rty in the (tniitb from eighteen to twenty one. the tame cau*"? bringing abo-t oppoite reaulla, bat operating upon ths putiir mrd North and South preclaely In tb" same man. cer I br r.g tbn Dtli'r before y?u aa the beat Index of the condition of the public in nd of the enunlry In the din atooa of partiea that ailrct the r!ecl:ao no* pending. Where do we atar.d In the South We have before at that ffi it numerical mtiorliy exiattng in lh? noe tiara holding Malea, oui a urn *r tug tb* populalla of the -.mtb.ru iuua aa more than t*o to out We bav* iboai bound together by ? common prlncl pie and for a common purpose, and that bond of un'on of a character which baa beexne eelf created wltbta the iMt t<-n year*, which baa had the effect of orrrpower'ng I be gnrcnimetit, taking po*e??*K>n of the public mind In all the Northern Statee. ?ma baa had the effort of prraaing down ail political partiea by OPflktlnlng the fragment* into ot* new party, notVor any pur|??e .if eOBBca good, bot for purpooe* purely arc. tlooal.and wbwb, If rurooaafut, ran only be eucroaaful at the eipecae of the aorial condition of the whole or the (If teen Southern Sttlra We are to moet that l/ook at It aa it ex tat* 1 bare told you, fellow ettlyene, that there waa no eiwtlrg potittnal organization anywhere, of any party, in en* tnoa between the free and aiara Stawa A ad that doe* not refer to pel ltlrai organization atone Such ha* been the rtrlou* and arparatiag Influence* of ihia errtiooal qneatioa ol alarery and anil alarery. that It baa bruken op ail aMoriatiitt* o' every type ? moral, reltgloua and po 111 (??'? brtw?en the people of the free and (tare Slatrw There men who hare ?ncoee.led la rataing up thai party for ibe ni larioi:* purpiaee of Htpplng and daetmying the Metal fabric of fltuen Siatee of thia I aloo, m direct v >la lion of all rrnetltullonnl ami political right, took bold of the rery aubleet wbirh, of all other*, waa beet nalcu aled to br rg about the ruin and dfatruetioo wh en ia aow foretfcfe owed It hta already awturbed the p'iblk; mind to an alarBi'og d? tree, both la lla moral, reltclOM ai. 1 aoelal rhara-t?r The crvirche* al flret took hold of th a quretioti ol e'arery , and inia fart renin It me of a remark mala by that truly great and Utaalrt* ? man, Jon* C* Otlhrun. formerly -v-nator frrm Month Car >lina in a apewh whleh h* delivered in the ftoa*te of ui? united RaM In fiat aprech be brought lt.? allot t on of the public mina to the fact tbat the ourd? wtlch hoind *oc;ety together In the etrongret and MM permanent mannrr ? ibe r?>rd? of reltg'om ajwoeiatlon? were, in the rmpbatir language pwniar In ttat great man, i napping oc,e by rue. I tb'.nk the Method tat Ok irch waa Iht flmt to Introduce Uila irobteet <4 ?r*reey into It* onunriie. an I, aa a rotte*|oeBre, It waa njeedily rent aanmler N >rth and South And at the day U>rir la not only no of part e* n< aflillatk n between th<we rel r' ma North and South, but there baa been engendered m their atead die truat rueptei.m, ranecr, hate So w ib nil th -mira aa err ationa, l terary aaeoclatione of every klad and character fhrwxM by mon . meeting by depctai ? In ?r*Txeti?ma mr tbe purpra* of ragviiatiwg ?? of marh luteri at Ui the c<"inlry. All tu??r are l<roken no by rburrhm?? r> at rg on making thla isret w of tlarery the W*;cfcnW?e of otwr'oe and of ariio It gra daaJly ft>?Dd 'ta war into i?*ittK*l matter* Whi*e ? the whig party oow? that great party in oppoettkm to demo era tie admin *tratt<?e ar.d to aor'-eaalr* democratic Pr~ rtdente for a long period pa/*' Where la that wh'g partyf TtMve ta ao organ Ml "Hi of that kind or rteanrtpVoo eiat lag in the Nee there SUV*. Waere la tla; nnne *trong, able body of wh'ga; Ton An I antne * them that hare ih* been merged by tl>e aboiltton waree, anah men aa V' <rett? (arr?u?e fmia (be fMI rveeetl**? and fl>oate, when 1 e lired . and other* of that elaaa, who yet claim to be whig*. Bat they bare ao party ailiaace at home? no paMy dMM TV v ?tar. 4 r, thetr lay and gertrratiKi aa the aaarble eoiamn* thai are left of eome raa^ ftoent, graad, nrigiaal atruetar*. thai in He day altearte-i ttte eye and reawratk* of the pa*er by, bat wbloh la la rulaa. (loud ap plana* ) Ttwre ia a whlf party ex let lag la Vir MM and all U>* Soothern SUtea But there '? n.. --.n * of o| mtoa. of Mtlmeat or of parly pnrpoee or polAloaJ Mm between the whig party of Virginia aad the South era Stale* The whlf party M ftrne. What became of IV Why, M waa Vokea up ta rbiiadeJ(?ie 8 re y*a re ago. aai, like the bnttertiy (wif out m <Aryaalta eUte. It cam* rnit a* abolMloti part* and the whig* from the Sooth Anting tfcey enaM only remain In a common rgwiiratkia al the ripecee of the :nt-T*ett tbelr aertloB abaad.Ned that r%rty I -emiiert well, for 1 Inrdr part '? the i?lebrau?d raanrwifa 1*W when that Keow N<*h eg mania? that ateorg In Ion American orgaaiaalioc of poltv*; rart ee, ?a t rlaimed to he ? had takT pi?'e?* >n 4 lh? *ri? Forth art tn I reataber u ?nta *f->k-u of to wr political circle" la Virginia as a whig trick to leoelve tbeir political wM riakt u> the -"oulh Cla',miu< no great tr sagacity than tbuee with whom I m a*a >c imted , I saw djtMLcUj mat it wh nothing O'Ore tbau the oppos two party in a transition stale to the abolition party , aoi I warned my frlcLdi at tbat day mat this ibwg wuicb *P I- arm to b? tbe American party , would turn out to Do the rlieai tbat It wm fl.e year* ago at the Philadelphia C'i nvenlion, wbitib our whig frteimf of the -to lb aban doteo because they round themselves In tbe g reap of an enemy. Fro*) tbat time tbe whig party ha* beeu sepa rawo North and South There I* uo whig party North or South The only organization known ll tbe black repub I .rail organization on one aide, an" the skeleton of the democratic party on tbe other Every oue df these partie* ) lelded to tbe large of abolitionism in tbe Norih, a* did every other institution, religious, so cial and moial All have been swept down by the irresistible force of thia de 'aslaltng element, and there renaiL* now do party otbrr than thoee ?bu:b are marked hy the ge?>g ruphical line wbiob divide* the two sections Id addition to tbe mutation* in the political lomplex'on of the hriiaU". to ?h.rb 1 have already referred. I would adduce a further far', to show tne aondltioc of the dem > crallc party in the Nort1 ern State* Of the few remain ing democratic Senators from the North. nonaUttng of not more than til, there is one from New Jersey, ? bo ?m lost to u? hy tbe last eli-c loo, a republican having 'wo elected In hie stead Tbere la another democratic 8"u*tor lr!>m the same ntate, who ban but two y ears lo serve, am' s i far an we can judge ibe election to IIU tne vaoaucy to occur at tbe close of 'hat period will fall to the lot of tbe asme 1-egtsiaiure that rec-ctly elected tbe black re publican In Pennsyl acta tbe deed Ib done There is but i rc democratic seaatir now from that Slate, M' B!g ler, acd it la but reasonable lo *uppo*e tbat be will he rat aatde at tbe cloee of the preaeol term Id Obio, Mr. fugh is to be succeeded hy Mr. Chase, aa abolitions! of tbe ultra school . and in Illinois there Is but one democratic Senator. Juoge Douglas (applause from tbe Douglas clique), at pre sent a candidate 'or the Presidency lu Indiana a Si ator is a. ?o kst I present theae facts te you, ray couoinmcMi, for tbe pu'poie of showing tbe e*is;ing state tf parties In tbe country I want ti show yoa thu uilt tip condition of the democratic party of the country, tlat you may see tbu tbere ia no democratic represents tion from any of the Stale* now In tbe fad ral couurils, eicept from the Southern State* Ta what dues all this lead f We have fougbl the battle Those with whom 1 have l*eo aseoealed In the CoLgress of the United State*, In both houses from the South hare fought their battli* in tbe earnest elTort to avert the curse that is now I tr pending in the struggle lor political power, not betwe -u politics!, but geographical parties ? a struggle upon whirb IS staked the etlflteooe of the whole South, If tha Union should continue And we lave fought tbe battle, as yoa have seen by the result. We have made concession afwr cot ceae 'or to avert the curse that ik to follow, and thn n+ii.t has been tbat the whole North ? ?*ery free *t ite in tlir United Matee, with tbe exception of the throe Slates upon lh< I'aclflc border? so far aa we know, is Id the bands of a party who are pledged to each other, *b ?e organization la upon the *?asls of destroying the social fa bric of their Bflrcn sister -tat.s of the South What is tfcisabolit'or party, or thish'ack republican I>arty , as they choose to call thenmel ?ea I ba?e t>ld theae c-ntle nea very freq enlly in conversation that ain >ugst th'm Uiere are S' me eniliihteiied men, and that what they are about is s<eki,g to get political power No peculiar s> cial re'a ions existed between mo and them but st'1! thrfu- 'en arks were made in such a way as remarks w II semriimes, pase between one gentleman an.l another. ; They bare told me tbat we have no right to c all th>;m abolitionist*, that they did not belong to the a>i..tioii purty ; tbal there wis an abolition parly eti'ting in some of the free -'tat? ? represeu'At by (iarr'son, W:R'>o, Wea doll Hhlllips and that class, but that thev, the n puali ran party, had no coo'irum |>urt>n?cs with th"m 1 put to them this tcet from wbir.b tbey never could eecaiie Tou may profees. gentlemen what you please, but thx black repu hi icar party has no common Dan of t'uion but that of aiti- slavery. Take that awav, and your i>arty would break to pleo<e like a potter's v-ssel (Applause) It is I therefore an abollti *c party, call it what you p>a?"\ and | the i r woi moo object Is to rr< possession of the govern ! nient lor tbe purpose of destroy ing Ibe Southern Slates | H?w are tbry to do It? Tbe const tutlon of the United States, as we all know, was framed at a t mo when all the States who were parties to It wers slave StaU*. with one exception. But at that tlmn tbe experitnee of the country baa shown that climate al ine could regulate tbe Institution of African bondage, end muter its iuduecoe tbe Institution was forced from the North and concentrated In the more genial climate of theS'nth Acrorling to my recollection of the history of everts in 1789. D"l more Ihu on) eighth of the nam her or s'avra In tbe cointry were north of the Potomac The linen began to a just Itaelf; imd tl.e people saw that this Afr can population could be concentrated at tbe South 1'ir-u instances have arisen ?inc4- t it gave au additional Impulse to that movement Tbe great in crease iL the value of Southern product* Increased the demand for Afrtcao labor, and as a consequeooe tended still more to onccent'-ate this class of population in the South In forming the constitution this result was fore s?en; and the Statee wi n wrre partlea to that gBapMl, ha<NM parties to 't Bt ne upon the condition that Afri ran b.>nda*? should be recognised, an i tbai it should be allowed to protect itaelf Tbere were no safeguards, no other gi arantees by words or otherwise, wblch cootenUHl the Mouth at that day f r the safety of thia concentration of African bondage wtibtn tbelr borders Tbey siipu lated for a provision In tbe oonsntutlon, which would en able for all future time the slave interest to trotect itaelf free from any barm? that wsa y making It an elensent of political power, givtag to tbe save population a representation thereby enabling It to protect Itaelf It did more It waa Woowa verv well at tbat day that this pro|>erty? fur It Is pmoerty , iust aa much aaany ulher sp<c.lea of property knoan to the law, tbough of a peculiar cbarai ter, differing from all other descriptions of property In one sense, tbat It baa tbe reasoning faculty , and could, therefore, Ibe more easily escape from IU owner? it waa, I sav known al that day that tins property nee led some additions' provision to m"e? the difficulties wbloh would result from tbe peculiar facility for escape which tl.ls reasoning faculty afforded it Accordingly a clause was Inserteu in tbe constitution, providing that this property sboull be returned to It* owner whenerer It escaped The statesmen of that day saw that you could not get rid (I ihat condition of thlnrs ? I mean slavery? hut at tbe expense of ibe social conditiinof entire oomm unities Now, ibis abolitloo psrty, feeble aa it waa at tbe begin nlr.g? always bavmg the sympathy of tbe party In oppo sltion at tbe North? thia abolition party us to a co?para ureiy r?*r,i penoa were realty nui Aboliahtof * avery to the Utatrtci of Columbia would b* ln*ulllcg Ui the public mind of the Snath and ? very bad example of lrgtaiali ? u regarded tbe North; but lucb an art would sot aftict la nay material form tbe loattlutloa of tlari-ry Id Uta S>utb Part of lb* theory of that party wai that tbe federal goreromect ahouid exclude alavrry wherever federal power waa exarct*cd? from tbe ararnala. dockyard*, forta, be itappooa that waa done An I I. are already laid, It would be offeoalre to tbe -Wiuthern raiod. aad fnrnUh a bad example of legislation, *o lar a* tbe South ta concerned; but tbe act Itaeir would do tmpraaaiia upnn the toatilutton. Now Una Northern party, outnumbering the South numerically, alt&net by two to odp, Badlng themaaltea rtrrng mooch now, attack thia condition of Southern aoclety In tbe ctta del Th*> won't gel that feature out of tbe onaatitoiloa abich make* alarery an elemeol of politic %1 power. Uiey woe I get that feature out of tbe coaililultoe which re quirt a a fugitive tiara tc> be reatorad to hit maater when be aarapra, but they can do thia? and their whole ener gle* are tended to that ead ? they can take care that In all fatnr* nr miatatrattoo* of tbe goTaramaal there aha I be no admiMtoa la U>e fuluf* of (lave Hut?, and in that way , by circumacrtbtng lb* laflneece of alarery, they will dlutc ah Ita power aa an elenaat of political power Bow can they do tbla? They oan oaly form Stalaa out of Tarrttorlea, and If they etclude alarert from the Terr It 'irk?, the 9UW- formed out of them moat aeocaaart ly cone la aafrte St aire and they hare planted toeir la rera upon that queatloc of the Territortu* they a .tempted twenty year* ago. They bad the lynnalbtea then or all U)e oppoattto* party North , and of none of the denao cratlc party U began tn tb<> form of tbe Wilmot prv rtao, and the oppoaliloa party in the NorUiera Stale* lent tbrrcaa' rra to It, and, In flirt. fathered It Tbe blow waa aimed at tbe tarrltort**, and aktoe at the Territories, aader all aorta of tamdiou* prrtanora T My claimed that Congreaa bad aurtroaae doo moo orer tbe Terr i tor im, anil could mart any law they pleated for Uie Trrrttortaa, and that thia particular law waa aa oooalttuliooai aa Uie exer ciaaof any utaer powar In tbe South we aaw at oace that if they oould carry that they would tadjed hare a fulcrum for their lerer, which would change the while cxHxittlM of alarery tu tb<- alare State* We mw that tber* waa not, ao far aa 1 remember uf the part, a demo cratlc member from the Sr utbem Stalea In either Rouae who did not deny the conrtltuitoaal rower of CnugreM to prohibit (larnry la the Trrr t tor tea during their territorial -oeolttra There waa *o?e ta opposition to tbe South but ooMparallvaly lew, bat In ibe North the whale oppnat lloo claimed the [H irer, and the democratic mind tn tba free Statea. to aay tba leant of It, wa* uaaett ed and inaerure The battle waa fmght upon una qteatKia aver and orer again. We knew tbat It waa a vital quertton I <r tbe .south. It wa* tbe point opoa which the eitatetine of ularery de penned If wa bad not a rig 1. 1 to expand tbat po,mlatloa aa all oUier* are ? hen they Ncnme !??> detiae. If tbay were to ae hi aimed ta, It woo d menially raault ta aaa of two thiata. If it abouid bappet tiat tba aiarta wara not to be rxpan <ed, one of two U>>ng* ahouid happen ettbar Uwt t*e white* abouid at -an doc tbe Ian da to the negro**, or tbat tbe negroea ahouid be n term mated Wa fnugtit tba battle apoa tbe qneattra of tha right of C?>n grraa to rsdwde *iar?a from the Tamt?rl?a, for upon Uiat the whole queaiton rerolred I raunt aak pardon for thia veer dry dt**ii**tna, for tbeae quiwttflaa, though rugarded aa legai ta their rha'arter, are qoaatloaa aiao of a politico; character, and of Ute la*t Oi"rr,?nt now to the country. 1 wa* a pa- .y tn Uie dtariaaton of Uita queatioo. aa lb* r<-pre?WDiatire of Mrginla, and wtaterar of tatollccl I bad waa brought to Uie mn?iderat oa of thia , -leation We w?ae aaaoriated In that dar with ?hm of the moat able and enlightened ni that erer addr<?we.| me Amirlan Seaate, aad I will do th?m the juatlce on N lb tldea to expree* h -re tny knowlMga of tha that tba deatre ?t demo, -rat* and whig* in the s itb waa to get rid of the o Muring sueattoa of a'arery ta tba fealaraJ oo .nciia (Aj>plaij*e ) W* hare been charged with part aan po Itwd parpnaea, ard it waa rhargod furtharmora that there waa a party la the Sooth who kept thi? qaeatxa la Congreaa for puri?*ea of agitation. I know it to be utterly w<ti??t fouiula io?, o?i?Tly fal*a aad gratvltoua. and 1 My further Mat the rharga ta groMl) nnjaat, oui>aideriug tbe c haraalar of llK?a cancila at d tba awa in thotii It t* grnMly uijuat, indecently urjuat (Applauae ) I know that Uia Soutflent mm aad a great reany Northern mtr want la to tba ooa atdarattoa of ibta qaaatu* with an b neat purpaaa to ra ?ion it from Ute federal ooanctla aad net it at rwt forever We all know Uiat la tbe political raate* of parti** w th reference w tbla great qoeatirai . tha leawxratlc party Win upon tbe trae theory, tbat tbe rcattitutlnaal coaatruc lion the coaatrnatioa of tha democratic party of the South, waa tbla ?Tbat tha o?atitaima of the Called Sut< a wa* a compart between the sutea who wara par tie* to II tbat It waa aoi a compact between tbe people In ?gjrr'vele " **ar* of aeriral Slate*, aa th* amitltalloa of ^ rgin.a or Keatnrky i*. bat M waa a cuatrart or core part made between the Stair* who were part e* to It made 'n their aemrate iiore?elgn ahararier aad It re [ nulled frrnt that. Mat if there wa* a rtnlal'on of Uiat r n pact of a charaMcr griaaly Injurt >.:? tw fatal to tba iii k> rat* of any Sta ??, ?uch state hti a right to drtrrmttie for itai f whether It would nni n ta a cnafrd.racy itler the teraa* nf federation >? * ' been rtdhled by the a^ei ry wi -h the rnaf'' ? ? icy had p? rated (t/ 1 ap>'i ? i t tia ef Uie compart wa* lb* la*l n ? ' it * a* "? ??. n*1 ? :.e U ?' ?? I b %J. ."I \> ? ? t . t( It t&Jiot oar theory ; It wu the theory or oar hthera; ft ? k/lbe theory of the political church Id Virginia f-om the foundation of the' government; It wu Ute theory of Madison, aad ot all tboae who were honored In those days with public trust and confidence (Applause) We know, la our day aad feneration, that It had not only tie sanction of that party, bat that It wm fouaded on good seise, and law and reaaon. Bui we knew that It was an extreme quretlon, we knew that this question of ti rrltorlei wm a disturbing queatton; and If the elalaia of tboae who maintained the power of Oougreee to exclude ? every from the Territorial were enforced, the very evil which tbosc who favored that doctrine attributed to us ? lamely, tbe continuance of thia slavery agitation? would Inevitably fellow (Applause.) I say that the patriotic Dii'E of Ibe Ornate, from every section ol the oountry, went Into council with an bonest and earnest desire to, If tbey cou>d, dispose of that Territorial question It t?guo in 1847, alter I became a member of the Senate, In tbe ca?e of the Territory of Oregon Tli at was a Territory acqulrod by discove ry, and Great Britain claimed that tbey were the lirst that discovered It. Tbis claim existed for a us rles of ) ears , but It was settled at l.ist by s con root ion, and tbe line between the territories was drawn. Caltlbr nla was acquired in tbe meantime and tbe gold dlsoove rl<* attracted thousands into that Territory from this a great many found their way to Oregon, and soon It be gan to organise a Territorial govern ueut Tbe church members betook themselves to tbe task Of prohibiting slavery In tbe Territory , and In tbal state of things, Mr. Clayton, then Senator from Delaware, made an appeal w tbe Senate on all sldea (Be was a wblg, bat an en lightened aad patriotic m&9 ) Be asked them to oome t"grlher In a common council, to see if there was no mmle by which this dengercxis question of slavery In the Territories could be finally ssttled. Be was met in l he rplrlt In which the propoeitios was made, and a co mmittee was raissd to wbicb tbe subject was referred. Upon that committee wrre geneltsnen of tbe Senate of blgb reputation from (very quarter ot the country and ol a:! parties. Jobs C Calhoun went upon that commit tee, as other gentlemen, with an earneat desire and a bo|* that when minds like these were brought to bear upon the subject they would dispose of it forever. The ci mmlttee was in session some four or five weeks. Tbe deliberations of couise were in private; but I remem ber an occurrence very well which took place at the time this question was being acted upon by tbe committee. One Sunday morning, at a late period In - ummer, It being theo a long session of Oon firtM, Mr. Oalboun. about one o'clock In tbe day, called at > bo boureon Capita Bill occupied t>y Mr Burner, my colleague, Judge Butler, of South Carolina, Mr Calhoun's colleague, and myself. and said ? Mett-'emen. I bare oome to take a Sunday dinner wit* you: I want to talk to you I have just oome from the Capitol, and juat lelt tte committee aim I am happy to?.y to you that 1 it ink If you, genii? inrn an* others fro i. >be i-oniimru Hiatea. ainr with mn In opinion, we have at laat found a node by wlilcb we can quiet ones and forever tbl? dangerous question ot slavery; and ' want to advise with toutoaeelf jour jnds snent confirms mlns. 1 here are two proportions upon which my mind la elear The first la that the eoiia'JfiUoa of th* 1 tilted Mate* in the law of the Te-rltor aa It lathe law of |he 8tjit*? *rd the eeo-md la. are we clMtr In the constitutional nailing that the eonstttoMoe denies th- powrrtoOooxreaato prohibit slaver) In lb* Territories If we *re clear upon tbeae 1 wo atil jecta IthlDk w* can dispoee ol the queetlon to the en tire aatlat action of the South Mr. Webster bad denied It. Be took, what seemed to me, a very strange position ? that the constitution of tbe United States was tbe law of the Sia**, but cot of the Tentorias, and tbal It bad no binding obligation what ever with rsspnst to the latter That coul .1 be disposed of, h( we\ er, very easily by putting in tbe Territorial law a clause that would mtke it applicable to the Territory. This Is tbe constitutional question We agreed that no judicial mind under the soltmulties and r<?i>.inaiblli tier with which the judicial mind a-t a Id Its place, brought to eoestras Jic constitution iu referenoe to this power of probibittng slavery in the Territories, could de clde against tbe South. And having thus agreed, that gnat aiid illustrious man, John C Calhoun, of whom, whatever may be said of blm in his day and generation? be bad a groat a any enemies and, strange, some who de rlued biai, but none ever said that there e listed upon the coitin&it, in the public councils or oat of them, any one man whose loyalt) and devotion exceeded bis. he was an enlightened statesman; South Carolina was bis noun try and only country; tbe South was bis Inheritance and bis only inheritance, hi I joked with one equal glance over the whole Union, but bis affections bound blm to tbe South ? if tbere was a man of that i'ay or any other day tbat could be trusted lo that devotion to the South, It was Jobn C Calhoun (Applause ) I say that tms ooustructl n of tbe constitution being agreed to, that great and Illustrious man in that committee gave his cor dial assent and approbation to this proportion which I have mentioned of making this Territorial question a sub ject lor judicial decision (Applause) It was done A bill was reported to the Senate by that committee, or gaulxing a Territorial government In Oregon, leaving to the Territorial couacll organised unoor tbe law tbe dlspo sltlon of all questions of domestic Interest, and, amongst the r<st tbis questioo of slavery , w helber it should be there or not, was made dependent upon tbe power of Congress to invent that power, the obj-nct being to re move the question from Congress We were Clear la one construction of the constitution? that Congress could not im|iart the power Other gentleman were of a contrary opiLios A bill was reported to tbe Senate, and It nasaed that House by an undivided vote of the democratic party South and a large portion of the democratic party North Tbe bill was defeated In tbe other Boise The cause It is not ne?cssary to go Into. Bat some principles were after wards adopted in refereuoe to tbe other Territories, and afterwards carried out in the Kansas Nebraska bill which has been tbe true source of all th* ditllculties. I have thus given to yoa what I believe to be a full explanation or tbe constitutional rights of tie Stales to detennlue for themselves this question of giving the Territories the power to exclude slave property from the Territories. It was strictly a political question and not a legaj question It was a question which the States had a right to deter mine for themselves, or they might have It decided by that committee of 1847. Under the counsel of such a man as John C Calhoun we assumed the great responsl bl Ity of waiving the political right of tbe Stats of Virgin la to determine that question for Itself, agreeing to sub ait It bi tbe arbitrament of tbe Supreme Onurt and to make It tor the time u judicial question I say tbe reeponslbi Illy wits great ? great is this, that we took from Virginia a j-ortion of bar political power, her political right, and we referred tbe arbitrament of right away from her to a tribunal in which we bad confidence? tbe Supreme Or urt of the United states, and ws tttok the risk of that arbitrament (Appiauae ) Why was that done' For tbe purpose of preserving the Us to* of the Stains In prmoe, and with no other motive on sartb. (Applause) Hav ing done that In the ssse of Oregon In 1M7, la tbe ltwa organising tbe Territories of Utah and New Max loo in 1M0, aad Kansas aad Nebraska la 1164, to be told now, ?or i or low ana peiiry purpose ot a partisan cttncMr, that tboae who did tola arc the disunion party, would All I a mind of any (roeroua emotion only with feelings of Id- ] dignalkm (Applause ) Tkt obtrp brouilit a|tioal thim with whom 1 acted then and act dow? lbs |r?tl domo- I crmtlc party of tbe South? thai it bM any purpose of dls ulIob, ? mu, puerile, paltry. (Applause.) Her* la a proof that aone can deny? not a theory, aot imagination, but a fact in tbe public records nf that very party, oader the lead of John C Calhoun tn 184T, carried out ta 1*00 aad 1064 We took, aa I bare aaid. tbe great reapoaalotllly of divesting oar Southern States of a portioa or ihetr political powrr, for the purpose of preserving the Calon In paaoa. (Applauae ) I aa) , then, that any puerile, paltry charge that that party had then, or haa now, aay purp<?e of dis union la unworthy of Manhood. (Loud applause ) Now, fellow cltiseaa, you can very well aee that a a long aa this power was reserved to the State of Virginia to deelda that questlm for beraelf. which aha had an unf ibted Bore reigo right to do, sha waa aafe, because ir It waa Merctsed by redsral agency In aicludtng her from lbs Terrltoriaa nnder nrcumatanoea which waa not only la violatloi of the constitution, but particularly Injurious or fatal to bar Intareata, aha had the power la bar own hands to redrtss the wrong by dissolving the Colon (Trenien dons applauaa ) Safety required It Ton may loot, then, to the raapotaibllUy wa assumed wbeo wa took that power from the Soutaern (Hates, and took the rtaa of re (erring the queatioa to the Supreme Onurt Supp.ise It had bren against aa ? suppose tbe Oosr t had decided, who* taa raae cama borore it. that the constitution did not author ue G egress to prohibit slavery in tbe Tsrrlto rlca, aad therefore, of oourae, tbat Congress could create a? intermediate agency In tbe Territories if the Ha preme Court did ao decide I know, for uae ? aad I think I can speak for all my boeorel aaaiclates ? that, deeply pa tiled aa we would have been for baring takes the re spoostbllity * divesting our stales of tbat power, with a conacientioua ooavmioa that wa did It with a f?U seoaa i of tbe reapotiSibillly aad a purpose to adhere to the bar , gain la good faltb? deeply penitent as wa would hara 1 bees ? re would aot only hara au Emitted to the arbitra ment, but would bars app'ied to our Slataa to iis-a n us (loud applause ) Aad tbey would hare sustained ua why* Because the booor of tba South wa* mm -a 'tied to I ! abide by tba decision Bat the dec sk>i> was in .>ur fa vor. The queatmn went to lha Supreme Court in tbs case of the negro, Prod Soott The sole q'M*tl"a Inrolred la 1 that rase waa. as every lawyer knows, whether or nt 1 Oongrasa had power to prohibit slav ey la the Territs nee. aad the dec Is I oa of tbat ooorl, out aad out, without , qual flcatloa or eoadlttoa of any kind was, tbat tbe con stltntioa gave no ?uch power ? ooae Tba declaMa rus I taiaad the Southern read lag of tbe oonstltutijo, daclariag , that the cnustilutios gars ao su<ih power to Doagreaa, and nf course that Oongreaa oould aot tmnart to tbe Territorial l?f1a.aluree, which are hat tba creatures of federal kg is I all n, a power which It | did r.ot Itself posaiM Had we aot a right to > eipect, after all the grave solemnities nnder which tbe law was si pounded, that the partirs oa tbe other sids would bars yielded to tbe decliloa? Aad bow were we met Why, tbey grew up at onne In the S.irtii w.^i a> I a portion nf the demonratic party, under UieTnad of Mr U'uglss, who is sow the exponent 4 IbrlT f i >ns. aad who la their nominee fur thie great office of I'reei Ink, also grew up, an 1 said af .er the drcialoo was ma le, a'Ur the South bad hern commuted to tbat (eclalos, well, it IS perlectly immaterial what a murl may decide, a Tern tonal Council had It pertesUy in their power to get rid '?f slavery I mnfeaa. when i aaw thai flrst proaulged by a public man with whom I acted la council? promalged by him Is bis caavaea with l,iac?ta la Illinois, 1 ?>?ld hardly credit the evtdeeoe of my own snaaes R-wid<w, another departure from the plainest letter of tbe la?, aad the spirit nf the law wbloh la shown by ita letter, and tbat waa la bringing hack aad throwing into the federal council a questioh which II war hoped had .been d uprisen of by tbat decision Tbe groands npns wuich tbey sustained their views of this qarattoa onist tuted the most perfect jargnn and tumble of noaartvae 1 hare ever beard Th t doctriae jf I* wig las was called by Its great etpooeol the great prin ciple of popular ao ve re Ignty? nailed, la terms of decision 1 by the public, "equatler aovereigaty " Is anybody Igoo rast nf w hat popular sovereignty Is ? Why . It Ilea at tbe basis nf all n nr popular Institutions The s>mrelgoty of the people is a political community, hut aa t nominal rommcalty atone the people of tbe Territory have no power Fvarybody knows, who knows anything, that wbat they nan do and cannot do In aeir government t? aot depradenl upnsi their wlH, but npon the will of (longrw. Everybody kaows that tn form the r.iuadatloa nf lbs government, every law creating a Territorial g ?vsm met t? every power nf every kind, legi?|allre. ladljlal or eierutlve, which the people nf a Territory enercise. ts an emanation not of their will, hut of the will of the Corgrres of the I olted ?'tales Ti has.' r,4?? tba any jarg,? or Jumble of popular ureraignty is porf--?tly ah snrd And I say it violated the ple<V|<Ni faith or ptrtlaa? it heotighl back tils ia< iter of aati starery in ti?e Terrl tor ee as k topic 4 dt#. r?stnn to be act-d ui?'B aga n. Now. 1 have told ynn lhaj I fci-e ?|-okee of poo ilea uae lies i ' t 'n a i-a-l an ?? ?e I h?rr s > ik"- n' ih *n oely IS re re? rlit'V'S o- , - ,M( .??* ' l?? ?t a?- of the po ' Ultfbl 4iT*liKi? uf tte ewLTy J- v I a^WW?w fo% I i uia true and actual ooadltlon of the South upon thli irttl We had, up to th* disrupt too HlJ br tli? Kansa* Nebraska bill, ? democratic JL Norm with whom we were allied to bonds ii .riwrilu fS-blp. Who. -e came to nomtaato a asr^SS-SSlraw: With tbo* from Ibe South^w M| lhc SWDy saAfJisSiW s? lif went into council, and the deflanoa question of popular rights '"V^T^law in deflanoa of of the constitution, in di-Uanc* of tbe law. UJ lb? the decision of the Supreme Court, sboali ud shibboleth of tbe democrat lo P1'1.* ' ttow actual nrdkaslty woen tbat demand wm made oy _innsw democrats from tbe Northern State*, It was n y b pudtated by the democracy from tne A,ul^e.r?. J* i,he. tbey abandoned all political WoeMlH ' uJ did exactly what bad been done by tbe churches, what had been soue by the whig aarty. Tbey bad no alternative but to give up, mt their cousu tutional rights alone, but their birthright, or dissolve po litical association with the? If I bad been a deiegate to tbst Convention I would net only have gone with tne men who left that Convention, but If they bad not gone, 1 would have gone alone (Applause ) 1 think I have shown you that this paltry cry of disunion Is not only unfounded, but indecorously unfounded The delegations from tbe Southern 8ates were not to be deterrel from doing their whole duty from any fear of this poerlle ory of daunf n. That is the whole qoeatloo his, as I have snows to jou, of vital Importance to the South that ?he RhuuWmalntaln this doctrine of the right to go into the Territories with the common property of all the uspliuw ) We thought we disposed of qlTitioo ( We had disposed of it tf public faith had*?i kept, but that faith has been broken I say *'lt? that as a question of law the position taken by It. DoofjM i.rrwetit* a i&rton and ajumblo of nonsense, In my Jal*C ment^ Stlli that may oe the character of his mind, or It maybe that my views are Influenced by . . Rut thee the fact remains; we have quieted tne monster, s!ud be (Douglas) brought the matter sgatn be^ I b!&s? ??> nsastd Mr. Toombs, of Georgia, Introduced a bill In uJJdtd to dlsj>os?< or a qu?ttoo ,n. J"1*"00** uiH.u which the debate arose. Mr. Douglas, I lD SQ*"?r 10 some m marks from hts college (Mr Trumbull) sa d - Wv ??.?ertheii was and now Is. that tf the snoMlt.'Uoa all .-.led my vote for or against lbs Neonuaa oui That was a clear and can 1 1d construction of that la* in IBM Mr Cass held this language;? , bave p 5X KKSWSttJKSS ihe l'^i-la'ori ?, prohibit ?la?ery Hut th ?? who bM'?e at ' ^'^iVL^i^ur^'u,em^wV2&?te <-? lb* doe. not rewl. iroa, the words of vhi: bill. but from the J&iilsSv Tbe Houth und whe South construe tin* romuiutu?o dill ?* real If. . . SuM^iVtC the oouat'tuUon ..v.. ??? ^ ,k hIhi'mi hiiv vt h?-re Id th** lerrtU'rifi# ? iliej w ^ tl ? amslliuUno secures no such right t" the Nonin. > rej ?e Ueve of course ibal the power is given to the Legislature. Now there was stated by both Mr Cass and Mr. Daug^ la* the true ?!?<? of public ot,j>lon and actiou upon that bill In mfl Mr. Caw, by stated In a y?7 h?PPT suocuct , but expnsslve roauner, that tbe North ana Souto differ in tbe cougtrucUon of that question. TttS S>utli consmers that it baa a right to go Into tbe Terriuo rles with its slave piuperty. It ?as that P'lot ?f d'?*" renoe thai caused the reference of the matter to the Sir preme Court W- r.ason thus on word slavery-^ ? nothing m earth but tne name of property. It is cal'et slavery as tbe nsual term that d> lined tbe character and condition of tins pr ?rty ; but it is nothio* but the name of proper tv as reo>fnite<i and secured to the ??ner by the law The Northern dogma tb.it "b, only as the creation of ,-o.ttive law, that * to say, be I fore *iave 7 i? permittod. there must be a law ordainifif , cn^iog aiil establishing it. We met UiU. in the teiaWI ov^T lnd over a,a?n If It bo the creature of I ixctive law, show us the law by "hlr5 slavery was carried Into Virginia or any oth-r State and erecte<l there. Well, It was a iP*ma--an un'ounI^.??*~ nturly untenable by one instaoc- of proof If iUvery was the creature of positive law, yoc could not take It I any place where there was not a ,?altlTS ' and thai gave rise to tbe term free soil or free I aM distinguished from Slav., territory We deu ed this doctilne; and then they have - d that If there Is no "^t I ins law criatirg S'avery in th* Territories of Kansaa and I Nebraska or I tah and New Mexioo, and youtike a alava there he is free We dented It and then, upon the aame form ?C reasootng, tbey nay that the coostlUlloe carries slavery into the Territories Douglas says that the South ern people Insisted that tbe constitution establahed slavecy lc tbe Territories By all this confusion of I terms, mystifying and lmprsHlng tbe popular mind with I tbe Idea thai the South was nggreaaiv* to Its demands that it asked logtsWlot from Jongrsw to carry ibT?7 I into the Territories, the people are deceived and their I mind* perverted the doctrine of tbo South l? that I slavery Is but a condition of proprty, havtni no dutlne^ tloB to earth between It and any other prop, rty , and I that tbe constitution of the T"n'te?i Statea Is tbe fundameo I tal law wtthln its jjrtadletiou, wb ch law, when operating I as the law of the Territory, as It d<?a, l* bound to protect I slavery there ? cot to carry It tbi re, but to protect It There was a diffsreooi' between the North and Soath, and I this luvttcial decision wa? to dispone of It, Anally and for I ever Mr Oass baa acted In a stale* manlike manner. He I stated be dltered with tbe South upon this queatloa; I but the arbitrament being made, be concurred In It cheer I fully (Applet* ) Now, fellow cltlsens, to make a little I practical application of tbe doctrine tbat 1 ventured to define. Tbe Southern mate* are placed in a position now lo which Utey bave no support whatever, in any of the Northern State* east of the *tooy Mountains In every one of them this black republican parly Is In the ascend I ency by tmmonse marines They have It In ' their tciwer to elect a Prealdent ol the I'nited State*. The de mocratlc party as It existed there now. Is br iken up and gone lis organisation in oonnectlon with the lemocra tic party of the ?>utb is broken and severed Such Is the condition of tblngk in tbo pending Presidential election. But If the flfteen Southern Slate* wore I lo ao undivided voto ? aa I trust tn God tbey will? were they to give aa oadlvtded vote SssKSKsSrawaswis ess I of the finger of infancy spon a auto* of murM* *ct I have said to my ciuntrysaea svery where, we have never yet bad a Presidential election or any other election I fraught with such interest to t*e people of V rglnla and all the Southern Mate* as tht* election It la oor doty to 1 fceep ourtclvea united, in order that we ma? show to toil I abolition party in tbe Northern State*, now almost upoi ns In the tmn nenoe of th* election , tbat although w* ar* I in a minority, we ar* uaternfled and frons that show to I tucee people m alvance that we can, as I trust we shall, I prewtt this practical truth, tbat tbe mollies wboas rights are ssrared by constitutional law caa, when those rights ar* violated, r-mll taemaelvs* to ibtlr ows protection I fljnsd applause ) At the request of toe late democratic convention that asaemblsd at Charlotte vlll*, In which my colleague was Included. 1 h*v* incurred the duty ?'-<i ii, of goag into st cry part of lbs Wale, or almost every part from the Olio to the a time tic. 1 buve r -t tbe people, aad aacrr tamed tbe condition nf lhu.ga f-.m council with them, aiai I em ?al?Qed from tbe Icfcrmatiua tbiu> obtained tret Breckinridge and t*oe will carry tbe Stole There la but oee thing necessary to Insure ? victory in Virginia, and that * that tbe democratic vote shall go to tbe p >Ue. I know that Ibis whig party la oar rat 1st are einllaal. Tbey tblik tbey eee a peat diversion In tbe democratic rank! which will make a breach by which tbey raa eater into pawrr Tbere te no d*ualvj among as except tbat which r recited in Baltimore Tbere are aome am nog tbe drmncralir party, honest and true men. who at I ret and yet may mestrier aad continue to helwve tbat tbe noml nation of ln.ugiaa was Uie regular uominatioa of tbe Sa liutal organisation II la very natural that tbey abould have takrn op this opinion. Before tbe * moke bed cleared off from tbe field of battle, men omld not determine at tbe Icaiant wtxre tbe Oag of tbeir own oounlry was. and tbey might eery naturally get astray Vow. tbec, 'or tbe loy alty of tbl* party I - > Mt>?tled that two thug* would hapien tl.e democratic part> . tbe first was that there is so lorger a national organ. / at > >n of tl,r democratic party. The organization of the democratic pa'ty unfortunately I* eoeflael bow to tbe Srutb; but I do not dee pair of out organising agalo wbea tbe public mlad of tbe North is purged of tbe beresy whirl seem* now to bare taken fast hold of i hem I say tbe democratic party as It now reels is ?>nflLCd solely to tbe Jtouth It was tbe delega tions from tbat section tbat nomicatod Bre>ikiandge, and Uitt fart of lUM-if should ?wtabliah bla claim upon tbe on tied support of that party. If those gentlemen who follow the fortunes nf |i><ugl?s pursue their course of err "T, he will inevitably lead them into tbe camp of tbe Bbolltl<'Bl*ls. (Applause ) What is tbe political principle of I taenia and bis party upon tbte question of aUrsry. II is that tbe cnstllutxai of tbe lolled Mates confers j?.w? upon (?vgrea* to prohlb t slavery la the Terrtlo riae What Is Mie )*>*lt!oa a f D^lae* Re agraea nf necessity, that the onnstllntton nf tbe I nltod State* gl-as power to tinagrem to prohibit rarer) is the Terrttorle*, but that by l*?l?lalinn Congrea* bat delegate! tbat power to tbe people of the Tsrrllortea And now it reata with tbe pervpkr ,rf the Terr I lor mm, aad they caa sxereiae It What Is Ibe -outherr position oa th a question It la th it there is no existing power that can eulu le Bin very from lbs Territories (Applause) That It the ftonlhrrn poai tloa Tlial vraa tbe reading of t*e party who acted with taihm.ii and < 'iay toa, when wa w?hi, as I have aa I, lbs treat and solemn responsibility of divesting oar States of that portion of their political rights and commuting It to the ??nprnne Otnrl That question has bsen leelded Tbe S in 111 ii f say* that there Is no power any whera? la Congress or tbe people of the Territory? lo eiclnds lb am from the common torrttnre with their property. Lincoln raj ? Oongresa caa do it Ikmiflas says lbs people of the Terrttorv caa do It They stand then upca a osmmna plat firm, differing oaly in the agenc* to carry oot lbs do nr Ins II makes no difference by what agsocy lbs ptrlniipls is carried not If It la carried out I say then, gesllemoa , I have no fear wbea the Intelligent m ods of tbe MM of Vlrglriaare broutbt to consider that qsestloa, tbat they will follow ins doclrlnes cf this Interlopsr Oo'iglsa (Applause ) I mean no ofreaee to Mr Innglas by ibis ra mark My nrafldeees la tba istognty of tbe bams* mlad tsads me to bsltsvMhal whatovar aaay bs tbsir oplaloas, looasl/ taken us or loossly satertoissd, when they omaeto. cast then ratal they won't rsatr re to voto fir Iteoglsa I kaow that there la an abolition feaiiag amongst them, and 1 ksow that aa soon as tbsy are satisfied that in giving their voto to nmiglas they are firing Ihelr rots lo one of the moat daag?wona Vrsaies of abolition, they will recoil from it. I aay, therefore, that while i hers may be some few in the State who from loyalty to the party IvMleva it to be Uiei* duty to voto for imoglaa. when they inquire Into the tacts they won't <lo Ih '? I have lo appreb?n ? ion, therefore r?' w1th?tan<lnr the dlstraciloo* that have occn" ' tri. ie vote of v "gmia will beeaii other wire thaa or. tbr dsn mratli nominee as the elfonenl of a eee ocr* tic prtoelpiea (A;mlan?e ) Mr Masri nleard with a f?w remtrm, denying a ehargn mate trro 'th ll>r pries of h * hav | v>i>i ed lbs v tb?t, "IsftcuJ, f d?Jt?v'a' Alatau Will Not Nabmiu Gaa. L. P Walker, of liibioi, la * ipwok mad* ra- ' oaaUy at Cow pea Hprtnga, la Laadardale county , la re ESI laaiaMar to the Moatgomery -Adewtutr aa M la reply to the que# Hon, "" Wh* woald ha da If Lla PJJ?, ???aiedr * Sea W astd, drawing himaeif op la NBiau height, and la theau >limeai strata of elofueaoe. weal or come wo, so help him Qod he woaM ttai ha wiuld take the banner of the ? *.P?at It where the honor or aeTety of he ?ouU defend it wMh ? wet Jli * Saraceoa or Mooral His aa Ku?rmJd n^f .5?"' ??<> nobly was It answered by the crowd. One old gentleman, whose whit* lo^a aad tottering form indicated that he bad ran haUtrwe score years and ton, called Uea. w to his ohTlr tltoke closed, and with tears running down his obe^ks said ?' General, I wish I was young? I would light aad dto with ?ou I do Dot honestly believe, esoept two or three Iiouglas leaders, that there were a half doaen la tae crowd that dissented from (J en. Walker's speeah Oar people are now thoroughly aroused. Heaaarea (tor ^ceaaloa, TO TDK EI'lTOK ?F TUB CHARLESTON MKRCHItr. 8?'ui(i In your paper of thu 16th mat a sail made upeo me, as the Senator representing 81 Andrew's parish la the State legislature, to give my views on the preaent Mala Ciltical affairs, I will do so promptly, cheerfully aad sa ?lUMngly, as I have ever dans when called a poo la ur matter whatever In the event of the eleot on of a black republican to the offloe of l'reetdeney of the United States, my tyitniona are, that our Legislature shall Immediately call a convention of the people of the State, to assemble forthwith, aad invito the other Southern States to da likewise; and Id the event ef our HUte seceding, and saa or more of the Southern States seceding also, the sooe4b^ Sutra do, id their sovereign capacity, arrange the aa sembllog of a Congress to agree on the terms of a Southern confederacy. Should our State, however, re fuse to secede because no other State secedes, then 1 wtt support any measurei whatsoever, howevor ultra they may be, even to take arms for the mslntalnlng or ear honor against the traitors of our country. For aTtbongh a party may be la a majority, nevertheless, whes thsr ntteiuDt to rule, regardlees of the roost vital and saored Obliga;iooa of the conatltatloD, they become absolste traitors, and should be met as such 1 have few appre beDtlooa for the cons ^uoncea. I believe our poeitloo will be juat, and, therefore, Uod will oe on our side WM. QARD BULL. Traitors. [From the Charleston Mercury. Oct. 19 ] If words are aomeiimia things, they are certainty sometimes not. The black republicans rival the Douglas squatter tea in their denunciations of the Southern . people, v*ho declare that they cannot and will aot submit to Hie ruin of abolitionists through ihe goueral gor<ira , meat They are ' traitors " Tho Trihunt says ? Though the high administrstion officials at uta pitat have given aid and comfort to the designs of Soutbera diauuioouos by constantly croaking about great lmp?ad Ing changes, there are not wantiLg, just now, la?thoaa | quarters, indication* of a disposition to repudiate the Idea that th ) mere election of Ur. Lincoln shall be the | Bignal for oarrylng oat the objects of such traitor! a a 1 Yiincey, Khett, &o It words should be glvoc their just sign ideation , the people who g?t up a se itional government of the Ustoo 1 over an aheiiahed constitution are the real traitors to I the Unior In spite of all their afl cted Indignation, they know that Uu> South ought to dlsaoNe the union with 'oe 1 North rather than to submit to a sectional despitissa. They know it ? bonce their furious denunciations Mea are never very earnest In opposing what tbey think not justifiable by circumstances, b- cause it is not likely to take place But an Invader looks for resistance The robber dreads being shot or bung So with these black haters and oppressors of tbi- South. Tbey are conscloaa of wrong Tbey fear resistance, and toorefore tbey try to browbeat it by denunciation* and abuse. Even talk ing about "impeo"lng dangers" la "giving aid and com fort to the designs af Southern "Isunionlsta " If Vr Lincoln la elected, fy the lOOi qf Nixrmlxr next the Tnbm?4\ may tee caute to multiply til vocabulary of " traitor j " A Separata Coafederac jr of the Cot torn I States. [From the St Angimtiue (Pla ) Examiner, <>crt 13 | Tblf paper wis started u a democratic journal, aa ia-| dependent organ of Southern opinion It baa hitherto I maintained its original poaitioa, and so long as we ooa-f duct It shall continue to advocate, with whatever ahil(lr| we possess, the interests, honor and political equality < the South. In the preaent political ? mvass we bavs *up-| ported Breckinridge aa thecindidate whose e ertion wa imperatively demanded by the Interests of the South an Ihetsfetyof the I 1 ion Wilb that view we boiMteri hi Dame at the head of our oolumna prerioua to ha n> imoa-l tion. We shall oontinue to support him with zeal, raerT gy and confident hope till theVlectlin And If, nnforta<{ nately, be shouliifbe defeated by his hla< k republloa competitor, we shall call upon every Southern man aa< every southern State to unite In defeoce of the rlgbia a the South We shall advocate with a 1 the force tiod ha given us the immediate fonnatl? of a separate coafede| r?cy of the cotton -utee 1: that be secession or tree make the moat of it. Mlaccllaaaoaa Items. Lon.?iASA MM The New Orleans IMU 1 says that a number Of the oltdl tens ol Umn.ana, lncludltg many of the most promlueol mercbicts of New Orleans without regard to party, l>av{ aidreered to Governor Moore a petition, requeetlng hla to convene the I.ct i?lature of the State, with a view a taking measures t m?et the great political crli>ls wbiel aow confroots the South A DIWirSTTO BICKRRIOKIirr. Oeeeral Cornelius Koblnaon, of Alabama, olfera hii valuable paoaatlona and negrttea for eale. He Is "dlsl guated,'' be says, ''with tbe submiMloa policy of th/ South," and la determined to convert his property aad leave. The Soath, la tha l aloa or Out of It* [From De How's Review for October ] The time haa at length arrived when it a not oaly pr< per, bat It baa beooaae a poaitlve duty to discuss u>J q ami 10c of lbs dissolution of the American loloe. la ? 1 soon be the most palnrully promlneat of all tbe sabl 1 ecu which agitate tbe public mind. Several years agel it waa merely a apeeulatlve queation, but it baa now ?e| come one or " terrible practicality." Tbe aeeds aow w thin the Isst decade of our national lire have germlu tod, grown, btoaaomed, borne aouadaat fruit, aad tb barvmt is near at band. The events ol that period at hastening on to their conclusions. " With the Met tea war," aa Mr caiboun well said, " waa opened the neooa volume of American history " Since then, while Uk| material developemaat ul tha whole country baa I unexampled, our progreae haa been dowoward step b L sup, la public spirit, ta political virtare, aad la privatil morality With each suoocasive year, party violeaof and sectional animoaity ba>e become more and more la| Wnsc The South baa been steadily retrograding la I tlvs power, and tbe North haa be?a a? steep ly ad vaaoL log. Tie after tie of fraternal feeling, of rellgtoua an lot | and or party aseuciation, baa been broken, until now th> ? ommoo government is no longer a ahleld to protect, bu_ It baa already, or will aooa, become a sword to plorol the f iU* of toe weaker aecticn f We propoae. in tbia paj>er. without prejuuice, or aa;L s mixture of passion, of 111 will or atctiooal asperity, bul with moderation and goo<l temper, to gtve Some view! utoo the oi'DditK>o of the aoutb m the alarming oral| which baa now lx.ee reached in the history of oouDtry It ta so obrloua that It may fairly be ooaa dered a. axiom, ihat tbete can be do permaoeat aeeurity witt ? at the power of eelf protection. Whoever botda hi liberty, bla property, or any right whatever at lb mercy or another, however wtne or bmroiaat be ma t>?, la to that extent a slave. Tbll la equally applloabl to ladlvMuala. to Mlatca. to aaatloM and to enttr naliona It la contrary to nature to expect the atron tcrupalo'iaiy to rraptct the rlgbla of the weak. Powa ran only be natraiaed by power UuMtitot maal no taatnwa give a beat very inadequate protect Ma agaiiu dominant majorltM, and leaa at ill wbea auob major r.ie interpret for tbemaalrea the extent of tbeaa llmlatlooi When tbe pamnaa, engendered by loag aad l> tier cot leeia aad bcetiie latereata, raaJ or fancied, bare beooaa nun fled with tbe laat of power, it la auaselbiag more tha folly to expect moderation after tbe viatory baa baa acbiered Ihe application of tbeaa remarka to Um axiatlaf oai dIUoti of toe swuth in tbe Ualoe wiM readily be eeen aftai we bare (tree a brief alatrmeal exhibiting tbe relattr aireo (tfa of the two great aectioos of tbe ooofoderaay. 1 1 nan wbea tbe ooaatitotioa wrnt Into operatioa, lb popuatioa of tbe Northern and tbe Southern Huue wa nearly equal, the diflereooe la (avor of the North beta ooiy about 7 0U0 By tbe oeaaua of 1?40, tba populatm of the hod alavrholding Stair a ?aa, la rooad Humbert tblitrea anil a half millions. while tbat of the alavehotd it>( Stairs, ncl laire of slavea, wat bat six aad a half, ? Ineludlig slavca. n aa and a hair unlliooa At tbe preeea time, by a moderate eel i male, tbe population of tbe drat I not lean Ui an eighteen milltoae, and of tba latter ac more than nine mitlmaa, or, moludlag alavaa, thlrtea) millions, giving aa rxoaaaj ta Uie tree populatloa of tb North tH^iae mftiiooa Or, in other woria.the auaeriaa power of tbe North la tba Cakn la uam double thai a tbe South. In the beginalag. tba number of Stated waa aeva Northern to aix Southern, and up to ISM tba admlantoi of alateboldlng and noa alaveholdlag Staiaa waa near! pan pmmu Vrrsaool ft* ; example, waa adaattted la ITS am heniucfcv In 1TW Taaaeaaaa la 1TM aad Ohio i| 1M2. U.ul'iana in 1114 aad Indiana la 1*1# an i en oa fraa aad atav?bo:diag Malaa la allarvata ortk#. In 1M the equilibrium waa 6 rat diaiurb?d by tha ad miss ma > 'a. ornia, (fifit-ga ?bforlty of oae to the North, wbid i ae i.i r. been taoreaa ad by the admlaaioo of Meoeal and i *'100. aad la aboat to ba lacraaard at ,1 further * the ?dm laawm of Kaaaas. Of the Whole number of *Uu now la tba L'aloa tba North baa eight**?, with thirty at votre la tha Heaate aad tba Mouth b it Bfteeo, with th rt vntea la tha Senate, giqiag a aiaj rity of threa Statea aw aix votaa la hear of the North la IM Houaa t Kepraaaatallraa, aadar tba axiatiag apportloameat, lb North baa <?a hundred aad forty a x repr. aaaiattvaa, aad tbe floath alnety, the Nortl era malorlty being Ofty aix Tbe diaparity will b greater allii under the apportum neat now about la b ? ade la tba electoral oollege th? North baa a ma >rltl at aixty two. tha Norlhera rota beiag oae hundred aa eighty two. aad tbe * uihara nee hundred aad twenty Of the nine jad^aa oompnalng the Supreme 0>urt, foa baring bees appo uteri from tbe North, aad flea from Ui South but tbe North la already claiming bar right, hi reaaoa of grealar populatloa aad larger amount of Jadiclr bnaiueaa, to bare the majority of lb la Ooart atao Thr? or i oar raoanriea ta lb|g Imwrtaat trlbanal most tab plana la a few yaara, ?la tbe oatoral aoaraa of area U from death aloae, aad wa oaaitoi, parbapa, Jaatly exped tbat Uie South will ba permitted aay longer to retain lb majority ahe now baa 1 The North, than, baa a eoatrolllag popolar maj .rHy I tba elec loral oollege, by wblah the fcxeoutire m cb wel n both braaohaa of tbe federal laglalalure. and ta a fH yeara at meat abe will bare atuiaed tha Jod.cla r>. 1 Ihi* coadltioo oT thing*, with the exletmg aUta of pari feeling, with aectmaai paaaioea aruna< I, Willi ? .*,-rU ai<lDi>?lty ' eat ind ed no tbe aubject oC ?1av?r^ wiUi tbe InrJ.nai and the power to reta. ate t (Old r >r fanned ? lurwa Inauila la the paat. what b .-t of aaf> ty In tne I ik? can retna n to tbe II la true tbat tbrra la a Jeoocratlr r*r|y r ttie N >ri (,U?!.g In pelnt <f m-mb-re an 1 mm;it all jj it . irr of taar.t ?' ta r ?' * 1 ulnar" U Ua( illt* # ?UtS Ut? >..'U Mu uv,g.