Newspaper of The New York Herald, December 16, 1860, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JA.MKS UUKUUN BKNNKTT. BKfOK and vHorRumiR. ?Fries N. W. CORNF.R OF FCLTON ASP MSS*r XT*. TF.HMS, <\uJ\ in aJwucr. JfoM* m?? 6* ?tail tri" f* at tkf yi I iy the ?r iidei . Ao it* but h ii-iX In 11? ? u rfnl in ? if i .ir* (UAfT THr daily hfralp. t in-. /??>? "????. MA/.X?> HEhALt', nf?.vif?4i)i, ??' ?? t~r *?> ?r (lnnum , fAi A'u "I HililiOM ' ' V W*. / icwfly, ?l' "J <?<?>/? |*? riifij,, $4 i - ???."> < il. Villi' ' (S'kU II illii, ?' ?6 !?? any juil "/ (*<? '???<? ' ?<"' ? <Af f\'hri>, 1 1 A<litiix "fi tht 1< 11!/, ii'itif -1 <>/ tifA ii imtfA, ill ?ix ??'!.? 1*1 f jit, in $! 60 ix hi ui'i. Tl/r } AM1L ) Ht'.hALD, I'K H'alaMlay, lU /.?ur Mitf.- jvr ?' ?? J"' annum 1 CIIWmJI)' <1 >UK KS P(>\ [) A i A", rn lit 1 1 n i hi/ im>x> lu-il vm, 'i out illifc I ji*l I* *y rAl 1/i.iM. if wri% -ei'l V Vl'? ll/'v pnui/nr. if <>IK KoHHUJI i'OKH\?ru?l>K?t.? IKK J*AHTHTLAFl? KK<ltk?TH"TO S>'aL ALL 1 ' rKKl AMI PiCtt *1.1 II M? XI l"t. AO SftTtflF.Cik'n i^nmiityitKNM *orrt*pon<i' ncr Ifr ii-> n * Fr^i ii ' rj*rt*.l .vi'iiiii' '? i"tt i n , . A ?lumi XXV .No. J.'pU A.MLStMK.\rs TOMORROW EVKMMJ NIIiI.O> (IAIIPEN, RrtMi' it ?Richard til WINTtR OAilDL'Ni Hnnulwny, oppo?H? Boml Mrect.? H \*l >T I'OWFBT TIITATHK B< - ery.? SrAi.ni>>, A Rockk's J.^v?.>ikias Titorrk W Al.I.A* k'.? TIIKATKI-. r.n ailnnj.-Tu M ikKT OB Not tn M a i* ht? A Hail roH a now I U HA K I SK S THl.Aritl. No 621 Broads) ? JSi \>.> ni?Tki M v BOWl-.ltY TllKAI'Kt., Bowrry ? Hkumk, thk Hcn 31 i - M.HIAC i.?i\ km. 1 MM M S AMI Kl? V.N Ml ?fcl M. Broadwny _P?} nn.l 1 % i iiinii. ? Ihk mca or Irr-Anti < ini.i'm > ? Li? i?i. i'I'ki Ac. I.UY ANTS' MtNSTKl-.l.S. Mnh.ni ? Hall. 172 Bru.nl IMiv lliULlL.'i^U- . IM-N4.* Ul.s. l\ AC ? llll'MAKll III ]lnOI.l:V A < ? : ri .1. s \II.>-TKEL>, NlblnS Saloon, Vt" ?* ? F.TmoriA> MIX".-. I'ki'k, Bi?l?-v|Ih, Ai ? i)niK.i j_i*i> i *N1 KRHTR* Mrsir 11 A LI.. tf>.! ltr..Al*?? _ So.Tiii, Dan. . v HruLk'qt'i1', A MKIoUEoN, No. *? -9 Brr*ii*?jr.? So*o?, Da?ik, Buk It ii- Ac Kim Uifc, Suikim), Utfrmlii r lo. I?GI>. Tl?r K nator Toombs, of Georgia. lias pnblnhed a letter, which. cou>id. ring hia well kn -wn opini n< respecting public affairs, and especially th- tpiea li, n ?>t Southern rights, in of importan <*. He nays the constitution should ?><? amended, and the amendment* sh mid be such a- could neither I,,. (Na,i,d nor resisted by the abolition State., *nd such as would /five full an I ample security t . Botitluinriffbto. He adds that if the republican part\ will vote for tbew amendments, or even a majority vote in good faith in favor of them, they can ? aaily be carried through Congress; and then lie thinks it would be reasonable and lair to post pone final action by the Southern States uutil the Legislatures of the Northern State* could be con vi,iitly called together for definite action or am. ndment in regard to the Personal Liberty bills. If the Northern State* refuse to acquiesce in this, tli' n he urges Georgia to secede, by the tth of March at tl.e latest. our Washington des| atehes Mate that Attorney C.em ral Bla k ha* received the appointment of Secretary of MaU-, iu pla< e of (Jen. Cass. who*e retirement was aunonnced yesterday. It is report ed tl ut Nk. Edwin Stanton. formerly of I'ennsyl i ania. but now a resident of Washington, will be appointed Attorney General. Mr. Falward Bates, of Missouri, visited Spring field yestei day, at the iuv itation of the President elect, our correspondent states that it was cur rently reported that Mr. Lincoln tendered to Mr. l.ntes the post of Secretary of the Interior in his Cabinet. Mr. Pit kens wa* yesterday chosen Governor of fv uth Carolina by the l.egialature of that State. A meeting of prominent gentlemen of this city vrashetdin the building No. 32 Pine street, yes teidsy, ?'>r the purpose, in brief, of saving the Union. Charles O'Conor presided, and speeches mere n.e'le by that gentleman, the Hon. Paniel S Dickinsou, John M. Kcou and lliraru Ketciium. Tl ? ln.rd' n l ih> tr n marks a- ; hat the South had n(,t . tl, mi. d. but that the North had. in nullifying tl ? , iwti'.t ui II by i he , a-a/e ol the Per-onal Li b.i-vb . - nil h t..? -|>eak.er? ' 'litem! d .-li<?uld b- r't | ealed. An addre-* and resolutions were ?... j>tt d ret gni/.ing lie rights of the *outh 1111 ler tl . federal constitution, and appointing the Hon. Millard Fillmore, C.reene C. Bronson and Richard Lathers commisloners to go to South Carolina an I n ake an appeal that no precipitate action b > Inker on her part nntil the N rtli -hall have ha I a . opportunity of -aii-fving them that the popular p. ntm.eiit of the Northern people is iu favor of grantiug tie South all the rights to which -die i? ju-.t^y entitled. A lull report appears oa another pa^e. 1 he Conrt of Queen's Bench at Toronto jester ri v decided to deliver up to the Cnited States au tL"t ies the I ,. ive slave Jout *. alias tnderson. who is charged with the murder of his master. One ol the J lg.* di ented fr m his colleagues, an 1 an appeal * as uken. There was no attempt rescue the prisoner. W.ndell Phillip* i" idvcrtiscd to deliv er an abo- I lition harsnirie in lioston this fore n -on. Consi derable excitement on the subject prevailed there yesterday, as it wss supposed the opponcut* of tie inct ud.ary -entiuienu of Phillips ami his Una ti, al aiders and abettor* would endeavor t? sup press the meeting. The authorities. however, have taken measures to preserve public order. Th. Mayoi of the city and several members of the citv government arrived in W aniitngti. n la?t even ing in municipal business. The steamship Kuropa, Ctpt. Lei tch, from Liver pool c*? the 1st, v ia Queenstown on the Id inst., ar rlv ed at Boston early yesterday forenoon. The new*, paper bag vf the pre-* rea? bed this city late last fv< uit.g, placing n? in possession of files to the 30th , tilt. A compilation of the tewe i-giveu ia to-day 'a paper. | n(.r usual files from the various Central American States have come to hand. The ghoat Cf filibustcnsm still cn atea alarm. The military | Do ertrr of I.eor Nicaragua, has received official orders from the Ministry of War to keep a strict tratch and mf?>rm the government of every suspi cious clrrums'ance whi h may come to his know ledge. T'us cauUon is due to a letter written from Bluefield a V.wn in Mosquitia, which states, on the authority of -oajr luuians from lluatan. that a |>r< ther of Walkct 1 ad arrived in the neighborhood Cf the latter plaoe, at the head of some three hun drcd men ; but thai knowing the fate of the former fiarty tliey had disembarked at ths toiaiid of Ho ana, nui were awaiting tli? arrival of one to two tt?>m muid men who wtrt to follow ftom New or.caus. j The threat of ??en. Ilenningaen has ?|?> a-tded iO littie to the pre-ent alarm and unea?ine**. ( The papera of Nicaragua. Sau saivad .r, Guate lLals , Ac., are occupied with the subject. Presi dent Martinet, of Nicaragua, has de. re-d. in com pliance with article 7 of the Zeledon-Wyk" treaty. In regard to th" Territory of Mosquitia, that " the port of Had Juan be, a id ia dedarvd. a free port for the trade of all nations, und-r the regulation* t?f the said treaty. ' Ih< d?cre? i* dated Mo* "in Iwr W rresiJ?n< Carrera. ot Guatema a. l-^isd a de . Cfe?' asaembling the legislature on November is. j There ia ft great deal of bickering among theae tittle republice. Salvador ia angry with Costa Bica fur the death of Cnnas. and Costa Rica ra tcrU that the Pre?ad???t, Barrios, of Salvador, encouraged the incursion of Mora for hU own private ambition. This latter republic ia also ?t odd* and ends with Nicnragna for lora<> petty offence or other. Regarding this state of |i,ing>, aoue of the thinking men of those repub lic are afraid that, if th# government of tha United fit air- were to lose its power and authority by ae <k kn fvr in t^nc, Central Aacrid, divided M it ix. ???'<! fall an e^-j prey to the filibusterism of . the Ciiil Klale*. Tl e arrangements for the Gar ' aM d-m sta tion. on Tuesday evening next, were perfected la->t evening by the committee. The Cooper institute is the place selected, and Jo n A. I>ix will preside. A number of addreaaoa will be clivered, and an original poem m:tg. The skuting onthi a- jw>u ' yesterday was very | xpiritt d. A large number of ' riona indulged iu the sport. A -ketch of the scene will be found in our reportorial columns. We are indebted to Adaxn*' express for papers . delivered in adv ance of the ma 1. c ? n n a.k'* COO inue ?? ui eaterday, with it u rota hi* ra le. Tit ?t a ice from about th'' Inweat pnmt line* th ? panic s ? >n hm b ???n from J,'c. j ti per lb. Inning th < depr . -.-iin mi Idling uplan is H' Id mi ! to-day they cloaad at about lO^'c. a 10 1 ! i , according to style or quality. The aale* roarbal ul? 1 1 1/00 I uli+ Hour was le-* a live, and without t I.e.: ^ i.r ui 'in ;it u> |>r ir< a. Farcayh -aim wero dilD c riK.ki . \ccpl at ii 1'>h rii'ij.'" of llgnrts South ?rn 1 1 ur vwi .- in cwl r> q :? r I for pbipmeat U> th? Wint Indies, and pi ice rk.- ?! ? th llrmnrsa, Wh .-a ww firmly held, w : \ -? mi .derate, aud chl'tl} without change or { ui i ! . i' > (Vrii waa i <?v , * ith a air amount of - . f , r . ? , ut 1 mi - rat's*. foi k wii- he ivy and lower, v ) 1? ll ? f 1< - ? mhracod old tn"?a at $l.i Mtfc, naw 4*. at lit' : ?! j i :?.?? at $10 f.0 S?tij;ars wer in sotaewhnt b 't . i(i. tt ti .< ti> ft r return k- tirnN * l" a mot- ire ? . ? , ; , , i ' . i i!u- c?l s embraced abnut 376 a i, . i : ? : r- it. iik, | art at 4',.' a 6c Hr cary u, , i , C lie wan qnl.'t an I tranaac lions ? , , i, uie: la wort- moderate, incluJiu . ilJiji .iii i .c, iu. i wheat it ll -,c. a r5^c. for II. i . i l> K- H-" ' watf at ?'>- . SU. a id eii -eat 4s. 51. I u on attue IU "ir was ei g.tg d at 3?. 10L, 4., a.id ' 000 x ??"! t h< iw ui f-0-. PiOKUiii of tlx- (>r< at lUvolntioii? Menar inp *)?tc of Thingi. In nl' the evolution-? of rep b'.ies, kinglom ?i (1 en pint, ancient and ni i lorn, wi? . in i > find u precedent for this stupendous .m i com i>iel it-naive w< rk of revolution m l re - xntiuc tion b i t- 1j now devolves upon the people o these United S'ates. We have nothing in th records ol the Old World resembltn ; the re mote, accumul iting ;in 1 immediate cause* whic ire pre pitating this revolution upon us; no is there anything in the pant to s?u'<d ? u* in th work of ii peaceable reconstruction, ex ept ag the example of the form ition of ou?* existing federal constitution. All hi-?t try, h >wever teaches n* that when a fre t revolutionary i lei is once under it strong practical headway, it must run its course. This, then, in our present position, North atH South. We are under the pressure of a great revolution, which must run its course. But we may still direct it to the ends of peace, or t reunion and harmony, or push it to the dread excesses of incurable divisions and perpetua war. Peaceably or otherwise, the day for a definite understanding upon this slavery que tion has come, and it cannot any lung r bo post poned. Our most reliable advices from Washing t<>n assure us that all hopes still entertained in the North ot a new compromise with the South within the Union lire fallaci >u<; th.it Smith Carolina, within the next tea days, wi'l rarely declare herself absolved from any fur ther allegiance to or connection wi h our fede ral government; th.it four other, or five "cotton States," before the expiration of the month ol January, w ill have followed her example; and that, probably, the first month of Mr. Lincoln's administration will mark the uniou of the South in a Southern confederacy. The controlling impression in favor of this movement is, ih.it the unbroken co operation of the Southern State* in it will prevent all thought of violence. And what then? A per manent, independent Southern confederacy? This would be the most natural inference; but sagacious and hopeful men infoim usth.it then, and only then, will the work of reconstruction begin In this work of reconstruction, bow ever, we are told that the South never will con sult to a reunion with the New England States. They are to be left where they desire to be ? released tn-m all copartnership responsibilities in reference to the institution ol slavery - in the tull enjoyment of LloyJ Garrison's ulti matum "No union w.th slaveholders." W.th the six New England States thus cut off the South, in their new Union, will h >!d a bal won o* power in the Senate, wfci, h. tinder an expla natory amendment or so to the federal c M?t|> t ition as it stand , will give them all the secu rities required for the future protection of .Southern slavery. When theorle- of reorganization such as this are seriously entertained among the m >*t con servative minds in Congress, our real -rsw.U c >ui prebend the emergencies of the day. We do uot recognise the probability of this iodi c .ted plan of reconstruction. We incline, ra ther, to the opinion that once out of this Union | in a confederacy to themselves, the South m ^?a'c* cannot be reclaimed. If the Uni >n (hen I is to be restored and ree "nstructi d. th.' ta<k in v dv ?d must be undertaken a! once, a 1 1 with a tull i< cognition, on all side*, of the new cjii c?-ssions required to render this undertaking successful But what ground of hope it ther for any such thing? Mr. Lincoln, the President elect, continue* incredulous of danger. Ilis party leaders in Congress are defiant: his pir tv organs, with here and there an exception procl lim ihe penalties of treason against South ern disunionM*. and art; incensed that Mr Buchanan hesitates to Crush them with the strong arm of federal authority In all thi? there is nothing like conciliation. The republican party will not be bullied. Oh! no Ruth r thun abandon their untenable po sition- on the slavery question they will perish where they stand What is the Union com pered with their principles? Mr. Senator Hale -*>s substantially, that if th- South try neces - it r against the triumph and enforcement of h< s< principle", th re will b ? war, and. he says, let it be war! Thus the condition of thing" tij tin us is revolutionary ami tenrf illy menae in^.- What are we of th< North to do* Whit are 'h- fort -hadowed consequence to this city fri in a Southern confederacy? Some say we can ?let*, h the city from the State, and declare it a fr? fit* and a free port. Hut this idea Is ab surd. f"r the Mate authority covers the city, and it is a sovereign authority. The city must stand or fall with the ?tate. The best that the people of the North, in cluding our fellow dtfam? of New York, city and State, can do, I* to prepare f ?r the w >r?L The cbanc* are all against the Union: that when Mr. Lincoln come* into power he will And several States out off from the Union by Htate action; that be will attempt coercion; that he will thus drive thf r? ?t of the Southern States out of the Union, and that, perhaps, be may then pursue b;? policy of coercion into a widespread civil war. We know that the calamities of disunion, even short of civil war, will bring general dis tress upon all the country. Let ns pre psr* for it? for broken banks and rsilway companiea, bankrupt merchant*, impended factories, depredated paper, credit destroyed, and or hotuaad* of destitute fami lies thrown out of employment. Let u<i pre pare, too, against the possible contingencies of combinations of starving and desperate men taking the law into th-ir own hand* in their struggle for existence. Who one short month ago could h<*ve believ ed then* dreadful fore hadowings of the winter before us disunion, commercial Hnd financial ch?o- general diatroes, and, perhaps, civil war.' Who could have supposed there #a? ao much of danger in this disunion sentiment of the South ' Our warnings have been laughed at. The IIu iuij> has been denounced as the panic m iker I ut who is it that cannot now comprehend th ? fact ihat when three thousand millions of slave proj erty ure at stake, and the safety of South ern society id imperilled, this Union to the South becomes a mere rope of sand t W e ar ? appalled w:tb the thickening dangers of th?se dreadful t.nns. Mr. Lincol ) ami the chiefs mil organ- of the republ c in p ?rty, however, may, pefbejH. .-Till nave the country, and restore to Ik several part* union, c >nfi lenee and harmo ny, il they will. They h tve only tj abandon :t eir irrepressible conflict," and to coxie fur ward w b the oUve branch to the South while yet the 1 nion bolls together. Will iLej ry this experiment of sacrificing tlieir tection.il, disorganizing programme to ?: ve the Union? We fear that they will not; but if they do not, farewell to the expectation ot anything but mischief from Lincoln's admin istration and welcome at leant the swift destruc tion which Will follow to this disastrous repub ican party. I t nylng for the Union. The ( fficncy ol prayer has been admitted by < 11 >11 1 . y j i m i u ioi.s and in so many different 1 1 <?<?(] k il at i? w< old bo n work of supereroga tion to <!ei y it at this late day. It is, however, a curious ft c( that tl e c why of a nation in cnat-es in ti e exact ratio of it# piety. I'ro b My tie limle-t pnying people that the woild 1 a> ever Keen are li e Hindoo nrahmius and tie Ai; b Si eiks. The time which they do n> (C?i!py in tl.elr devotions, or in the ordi n:. \ iifln i> of every day lile in taken up for t. e devising of jiluiis for the cutting of!' of h< h t ch m.d ir.Gikls. The Christian church pmeutt> us with a vast amount of evidence, ^o.igto:l<w tl at, however effective the pe tit oi S of people who account themselves aincng tl e el? c may be with the Throne of (in ce. tl ey most certainly have a tenilency to harden tie heart* ol Uu- petitioners. When tli'.vpatirh inquisitors put a poor trembling wie eh ii) on tl;e r. ck, arts and paters without hun.b l weie thrown in fiee of charge. That C^uetsti oi ti glard known a "Bloody Mary" t;ii? ly ; w; y from her oratory, and James tl e S? cond was an pious us he was mean which is saying a great deal. Nor were the i>i-sentera much better. Cromwell never prayed that the n iitsol il.e cavaliers might be turned from !i e en or of their ways, but he asked that the aims ol H.e Covenai ters might be strengthened >o tl ai they could smite the friends ol the man Stu:rt, even as the children of Israel over ?hrew the Midlanite?1. This fanatical spirit seems to have been transmitted in the blood of the Puritans, and ii (vi ii . nan a throughout New England and on e parts of the North. With a few honorable exceptions the Northern clergy has labored zea !(iis?y todruv* down i 'i\ ino vengeance upon the Si uii . In every New Kngland village sermon-* have been preached against the '? si. 13" of the S<u'h The success of men like Parker Ileeeher and K .rk has turned the he.ids of hundreds of divinity stnil<nls, who have been induced to believe that by preaching ami praying against the Souni they would be sure of loud culls and lat salaries in the North. Without doubt t!iij tendency of the pulpit ha? aided greatly in the ubolitioni/ ing of the North. The people of New Kngland are naturally a pious God-fearing, pi ay log and preuching race. They have, both ill Stale and church, a bad way of jumping at the conclusion tl .vt they are right, nnd every body else necessarily wrong; and, therefore, we are not surprised 10 flud them in the atti tude of utter hostility to the South Hy-and by. after the mischief is done, we see signs of a revulsion in public opinion, Bo-tou rises against an abolition meeting, and defeats the republican candidate for the M >r,i|ty. Huston ui dettskea, also, to get n;i a pr.iyer meeting for the Union, and succeeds in part. It appears 1 h ? t the Boston Young Men's t'Uri? in Associa tion have held a spec! >1 meeting ?? for prayer '.o Aitnlgbty God tbut ),e will overrule the pre. ent troubles of oui bi 1< v -d country for her beit inerist and the advs^c -nieut of Christ 's king ik 11 ." The EpifC pa' Bishop of .M.i<??acha etis look the chair, nnd read selections 21 m 1 hi" common prayer book (not a-i aboli tii n document). alsfl ijiiding from Joel. -econ 1 rlaj ier, (ommeuciti;. ai the twelfth Terse. The Bi I op then made ? fi w rern.u k-. carefully avoiding th. nutters in dispute, an 1 ending with an exhortation for ' i'ert ent prayer* that thi* day of troible may pa-- away." The Epis copal church is em n >ntly conservative, an I the Kishop kept tha' fact in hi - mind. In-li* criminate pr tying th'-n coameuced. A brother, whose name is not gB n, remarked, very si-n sfbly, that something el ? belles praying wjs to be done; he prayed, h wevcr, that person.* in authority "n.ight not compromise the ChrU tian religion " Mr. I. W. Kimball believed tha' the people might be prayed out of their did cnlty. and proceeded to do hi* pari of th. wo'k. A colored brother, nair-*d J01. ?*, prayed that ' God will r> dees us frotn the oarsed in sti on of slavey." A white brothi r was much exercised about the peoj ie of the South on I prs 1 that they might be endowed with "prudem and that our ruler* might "be blessed with wisdom." of i a. '1 they verily stand in sore n> ed. Mr. Ri'v, v made a few Te rm tks, embodying th? very pertinent suggej tion that they were there not merely to pray for others but for themselves, anil for the cur ing of their own sins. He had "suffered every thing but death from that institution" (slavery), but bad taken it easy. A colored man. nam?! Byas, believed that Christ's hani was in the work of &e anti -slavery party, and there woul l be no peace until there was a change, H * (Byas) would "meet them on the morning of the resurrection and tell them all about it" The Rev. Mr. Kirk put the Hashing touch to this remarkable meeting. Mr. Kirk had beeitftted about Coming to the meeting for fer.r that he Bight disagree with some of the brethren on the subject of slavery, bnt "h wm rejoiced to Cod that others thought as he did. snd he must speak his mind." Mr. Kirk's mind runs to lb*- idea that although the Union Is viduable the almighty nigger is boN so "If a compromise with slavary was required the Vnion was already separated." Tiu* gentle shepherd vu not to fce gagged by the South, and he wound up with a "fer vent prayer for the slave" and for '-our rulers," putting the slave first. Perhaps the Kev. Mr. Stockbridge referred to Kirk when he prayed "for the restraint of those who would uu wisely irritate the feelings of any one," and perhaps not At any rate the meeting adjourned in lather an agreeable state of mind, singing the eld f'u?liioned Puritan anthem, ''Coronation." We are very much inclined to doubt the (fflr.icy of the prayers of people who have dono their beet to pull down tin' thrine, and now profess a certain degree of pious anxiety that the ediflco they have helped to undermine may yet stand firm. Doubles, they all agreed in their hearts with Kirk, wh?> d- serves a certain degree of rospect for consis tency, however untrue he may be to his mission as a preacher of the Word which is founded i ] on the cardinal principle, '"peace on earth, j. cod will to men." The Scriptures tell us that l:e prayer ot the righteous man avalleth much, but there ure also some pungent allusions to ll e Pharisees, who pray at the corners of th? tilled*- and say lo their fellow man. '-get thev bel ind me, for 1 am better than thou." We leave to our renders the disagreeable task of. deciding in which category the saint-* of the modern Athens ?hall be placed. !ti<- Attorn*}* <?<ner?r? Opinion About Coercion of u Seceding Htntr. '1 he opinion of Att<^y General itluck in reply to the ((rave qfl^fion-' propounded to him by the President appeared in Monday Hbi ai i?, and doubtless him been perused by iu(. t ol our readers. It is an argument of irre tftH'ble force, nnd it appears that it was on this exposition of constitutional law that the 1 resi dent founded that portion of his Me-sa<?e in which he discusses the question of secession, and the alleged right of the federal government t<> prcvt nt or remedy it by force of arms. 1 be Attorney General officially declares th.it nei th< r to the President nor to Congress doe* th" constitution grant, either expressly or by im plication. the right to make war against one or more of the States. The federal governtn -nt' wur making power under th'- constitution is li mit- d to repelling foreign invasion, and it can call forth and use thy of the Stii'c for that purpose. It cannot enter a .St.it a for the purpose of carrying on hostilities against it. It is true that it is authorized to suppress insurrection against a State, but that is only when it is invited to do so by the Legislature of the State, or by its Governor when th'- Le gislature is not in session. The case of tho Whiskey insurrection in the western counties of Pennsylvania in 1794. ha? been referred to by republican journals a< analogous to the case of South Carolina. Hut the two cases are entirely different. It w^ with the concurrence and active assistance of th< Governor and Legislature of Pennsylvania, and part of the militia of the Slate, that the federal government put down th<* rioters who r.-isteil the execution of the Kxclse laws. To wage war against a whole sovereign S at.- is a very different affair. In the second w.*r with Ikjglaud, when the brave militia of Ken ueky and Tennessee marched fifteen hun Ired miles to New Orleans, where they won a victory without a parallel in the history of war, th ? Stetes of Massachusetts, Connecticut and Ithod > Island declined to furnish the quota of militia de manded by President Madison, and the Supreme Court of Massachusetts sustained them on the ground that the Governors of States, and nut the President, were to judge of the exigency for call ing them out. And y.i the leaders or th- republi can party, which is predominant in th ' New Kngland States, now talk of sending to invade sister States, the militia which was refused when it was needed for the constitutional and pa triotic purpose of repelling British invasion. One of the objects of the Union, as declared in the preamble to the constitution, is to "in sure dome-tic tranquillity." To employ the forces of some of the States to invade other States would be a strango mode of accomplish ing that object. In the words of the Attorney General, such an act - wouM absolve all the Suioe from their federal obligation* for to ??hold equal States as subjugated province would totally de-troy the whole theory upon which they are now connected," and "the Union mu-t utterly perish at the moment when Congress shall arm one part of the people Against another." Suppose the invaders suc ceeded. could they by coercion compel a State to >end Senators or representative to Congress ortojo.nin the election of a President* The attempt to force revolting State* back into the Union would be like bringing n horse to .he wa'er which we could not compel him to drink, or a man whipping his wife to compel her to live with him. and love him. after she had left him for bad treatnu t. It Is only by concilia tion. therefore, that there can be any hope of restoring a seceding State. The Attorney General give* his opinion abcul the collection of the revenue aul the protection of the federal property, but he doe? no' -nv anything ab>ittt the Post Office. How is that difficulty to be mot? How are the United Mate- mails to be got over ihe line of a ^ceding and ho-tilo State? From the President's Message, and from the ,.{?!? ,n>t his legal adtiser. i. is evident Mr. i n I anan will n t ? tnploj f< rce against th-' .-'tine of Scuth Car.'luM, or any other se, <- li-^ Stu-e. He will, for the present. u?o merely uc:i force as is necessary to collect the rcve nu? at Chail-?t"ti k* l..ng ?? any civil f. d- ral mth rily exists tle-re control it; but if th-' (??? , . fBC' * f snoot be filled, and tie re i- in> icliral Judge. Hist net Attornev or Mirnhal then "troops would certainly be out of place, ami their use wh >lly illegal." In a i?. c ?* ? they would act only on the defensive, in \ ro tce'iiig the federal property or the prop.-r ers in the collection of the revenue. rhi* Mr. Pucbanan proposes to do as far as the means at his disposal are adequate, "until * new order of things shall be established, f'ther by law or force." In other words, till CorgreM relieves him by law in acknowledg ing the independence of South Carolina, or t that State brings sufficient force to overwhelm the small federal force, and taks possession o the forte and harbor. But according to the latent intelligence from Charleston, South Carolina does not intend to resist the coll ation of th** revenue during Mr. Buchanan's adminis tration, and till she is in a position from con c<>rt with the other seceding Stat?? to maintain her independence by force. 1 he Southern States will therefore secedo, and remain to seee-wion during the administra tion of Mr. Buchanan, without any resistance on his part. But from all that wo can learn {ton the organ* ftad louden of republican party, as soou as Lincoln c >mes lato power on the 4th of March he will wage war against the seceding States, and thus u >t only break up the whole Union, but prevent the possibility oi it* reconsructtion on any terms. Thk Dtbtoms ui Kansas ? Prowcts oh Kk PtmuOAK PoiJCT. ? A few evenings since a min ing was held in the Cooper Institute tor the re lief of the suffering people of Kansas, and a goodly sum of money was raided for that pur pose. The charity and benevolence of New York are proverbial; no appeal to the sympathy of its citizens is ever made in vain. There can be no doubt that the people of Kansas are in great destitution ? in absolute need of food? and it is but right that their claim for assist ance should meet a response such as has been accorded to them. But what are the causes from which their present di.-'.re-? has sprung? It is due entirely to the course which the re publican party have chosen to pursue with re ga rd to that Territory, for purely political pur poses. The republican party, by means of emigrant aid societies, Beocher's sermons, Sharp's rifles and other exciting agencies, poured a host of emigrants, numbering some thirty or forty thousand, into Kansas for the avowed purpose of excluding slavery from a Territory which the edict of God has declared can never exist there- which the laws oi nature, governing soil, and climate, und geographical po-ition. have pronounced impossible there und they ha\e done this to build up a political party, and raise up issues upon an abstraction, to defy and embarrass the administration, and to gain power .uid importance for thcmelves. The Territory of Kaosa-1 therefore i- to-day over ccn.e with a population tar beyond its re sources to maintain, u population, too. which, unfortunately for theuwelv es in this exigency, devoted more time to political broils and civil discord than to the cultivation of the land. It is no wonder th^n that Lunger and distress reign in Kansas. Put it happens tha' the very same party, nn<i the pursuance of the same policy which brought about this state of things in Kansas, und have reduced its inhabitant* to the neces sity of appealing to the sympathies of their brethren in the States, and even of that admi nistration which they went out there to deride and damage, ii*tve at this moment spread dis tress and panic throughout iii? whole breadth of the land. It is the action of the republican party which has arrested the course of trade, cat: -ed all the material interests of the country to depreciate to tl e amount of six hundred millions of dollars, the factories to cease work, to turn out hungry into the streets of this metropolis and the other commercial and manu facturing cities of the Union thousands of operatives, with hungry families looking up to them for bread; to disorganize every system and destroy ?rery interest i~ the entire repub lic, the recovery of which no man can see. It is not to the thirty or forty thousand sufferers alone in tie Territory of Kansas that the policy of the republican party has brought vant and lunger and embarrassment, but to thirty millions of people in the United States. It is cot the Kansas people alone who will have to look to the charitable and benevolent for assistance, but millions of unemployed poor in our oun cities and towns, before this dreary wiuter is past. Not a Et d ok Kohks.- It is . id that Mr. Bu ci.nuiin, a yesr ago or more, iu a conversation with a friend or two upon the suicidal squab bles of the demoralized democracy, declared that he was counting thedaysto the day of hi* deliverance from the incessant cares and bur dens of his laborious otfice. No one then supposed him to be resting upon a bed of roses; but who it there, among our ambi tious politicians, who would voluntarily change places with him now? Ills Secretary of the Treasury, anticipating the secession of Georgia from the Urion, anu pleading his para mount allegiance to his State, resign- hi- po-t and his successor comes i-itc his phce oiily to find that the Treasury U literally empty, and ov< t head and ears in debt. Mr. Bach.*.:) ui dis mi- sen Air. Cobb with regret; but no sooner is thl- vacancy filled than the old Nestor of the Cabinet, General Cass, delivers up Ins port folio as Secretary of State. The reason for his retirement is reported to be the refusal of Mr. Buchanan to strengthen the garrison of l ot t Moultrie, at Charleston. Ncr is this all. Uni'iors arc abundant of the resignation, and tl? contemplate resignation of Secretary '1 h< nij Hin, of the Department of the Interior, auubecau. e the President has ordered, or is ab< ut to older, a ship of war to Charleston. V ho can envy Mr. Buchanan lu? undesirable n amenabilities ?nd difficult?** at this crisis? Hut believing him to be right in his opinion thu. conciliation, and not coercion, is the pro pet policy to be pur-ucd towards the South, including South Carolina we say let him stand I i- *r< und and a*oi?l gunpowder to the l.i?t exMinity. The republican party are usiug theii utmost energies to lompcl him to break ground for them in their policy of coercion. Mr. Lincoln they tell us. t. ill not hesitate in ad< i > ting it Then, if possible, let the honor of opening a civil war be left to the choice of Mr. I.'i - oln. If* Voict i* Pint. roR War. ? The <"h>valier H < i?h, of the (buffer, having doniv >1 hi* regl ntr.tek fvr amn jenrH* nervine in the tented Aetd, i* ulcwly yhh g the doctrin" that It all attempt* at conciliation fail with th?- ?!U ccr rated floatbm State*, the Union, by force of nrnift, taunt Mill bo maintained, whatever ma/ be t'-.c co*t? aiu* raiiiiuitiea of civil war. Bt't before we thus plunjre into a ci\ i! war thwe two question# It would be well to consi der Kirn, how long *il' it last! una, w (Md, in mliat shape will the Union come out Of It! If it not poMible that onee in for it, before we ran extricate ouraelvea from thin civil war wo xbnll be to crippled and alienated ftoru each other, North and Houlh. that the armed intervention of England or Franco, or both, ma} bo brought to bear upoj ua to reduce m to tenna of peace? And where, then, will be thh> Union of to- lay? Or if, In tnia experiment of civil war, the Southern State* are borne down and brought back Into the Union, a* aob jugntrd rebellious province#, will the reaulta be of an j value to tne Union? Bat South Caro lina Is going out, and several other States will follow her. How are they to be restored to the Union except by w?r* We answer, by the agencie* of peace, and that, secession or no neoe*ioC, it Is fo'ly and wickednes* on the part of any man, however mush ho inny dcai/e to flgui* a * a military chieftain, to preach the hfllri virtues at ^lvll w*r Tan "IllIlBntiWdiuijt C'O.NKLiCT" in Tills itK i-tJBUCAN Camp. ? Our readers v> ill perceive that there arepyinptom* of a deadly conflict bvtwt?en Um- moderate men and the ultra* of (be repub lican camp at Washington, and that this week the war is expected to break out. Let it come; for the speedy dissolution of this anti-olaverj republicitn party would be the best of till com promise for the Union. TUB (RIMS OF TUB MIM Important Manifesto of Sena tor Toombs. The Concessions Required from the North. Judge Black Appointed Secre tary of State. Gloomy Aspect tf A fairs at die Federal Capital. The rrraidriit'g Proclamation of a Day of Ha mili: lion, Facing and Prayer. Mr. ( on* ill's Propositions to the House Crisis Committee. Frospcct of a Popular Outbreak in Boston To-day, See., ftc., &c. liitrrrsttoff Letter from Senator Toombs. AFGrwTA, Dec. 15, H00 It Ih understood that Senator Toomb- Is about leiv.ig for Washington. 11 ? lias juat p ihltshi-d a letter i;i refe rence to the fifth article of the constitution H.< ea/s the const itutlou shoul I be am n le I, mi l th* am -ti iuj '.lie should be such ?B CO aid neither be ova IihI nor resist >i by the abolition btateg, and such as would givo f ill and au? pie security to Southern rights. He adds that if th* re publican i*rt> will vote for these wu ndmeuts, or tvou a majority vote in good faith in favor of tb.-iri , they can oa-d )>e carried through Oongr and then be thinks it would be reasonable and fair to postpone final action by the Southern Siai?t? until the 1 legislatures of the North ern Stati-s could be conveuieutl) called together for de finite uctiou or amendment in regard to tho 1'orsonal I.ib rty bill*. If the Northern States refuae to acjuiusoe in this, then he urges Georgia to s-c de, by the 4th of March at die lalmt. Tie Georgia legislature will a.ljourii next W.-Ui-* lay. Nothing of general internet is tranapn lag Ot* DESPATCHES FKOI VMWCTOI. Waj?,itm,tmm, Dec 16, lsao Tins has been a day of gloom and d<<apo,idcn<'y at the eeat of government, and the cleniftul* triemseiees con tributed to the general solemn. t> . A violent ?uo? rt<rra commenced early this morning, and b*-> raged ail Jay with uninterrupted violence At the White Hous- the consultations were of the moat iniprenaive character The v<-ueral>le I'rivideoi seem gi ave almual t?> ?adiii-e?, and the withdrawal of hia lr?ig ned and cherish-d trend, Oen Cass, from hu busuta councils, makes hL- sorrow more poignant and more didi < ult to overt nil-. His touching reeouimi-niiation tor a day if lasting, humiliation and prayer, breathes sentiments which spring from the bottom of his heart, and while a 1*11 M-t-bui to U?ng over the l'reaideutial Mansion, the va rious Dopartim-nta seem ?L-o mantled in gloom In the I i?t ( tUce fej arm, ?-iit , the abeeuce of 1'uelniuaU-r Gene ral King, who is obliged to relinquish official Uus.ee tern pornrily on account ol the serious illness of a bolored daughter, the absence from sickness of the I n at ?ud S-coni! Aw-ixtauls, and ihe sail and uneertaiu condition V our tistk nal itllairs, i ausc a dcsponient air to be every wb-rt visible In llu-Stats l-ep irtment tue aapucl uaiika funereal, fir It * ?ins as if one of lb- lather* of IV r? p>ih i{ nei atted when Gvli. Ca&n ->arr> Lulerid hat port ? ie> In tlx' mi I of the pr< vaiiitig g'uom, a re port fortunately nutouade was currently cite .lawsl ti at one of the lobuit t oflic -rs nai *udd--u.y iiir I, from the * .1 -els of %?iu.tion p. oii<c it by iiiBC.,.*siag the mon q'i-rtiv.'is of th-- i.a> and tit ? breaking up U,e< ibin< t. Ailo? < tlur, it has be--n toe gioomi- U day the u.t tonal capiloi las b.-h.-ld f<?r v? r - many years and ?|i, . i.q c |i> k d ii |? u the iintiinsh- d m- m the Capitol, ami tb u? ''i-isbed ? i iga ot the magnificent ediflc ?, tha rukua uf the Coi.xw ;tn at Rome were brought vividly ta hia in.'.u s y lr n my quarters it 1 sujg' t-tnd list the President surr t.h-r bs < fl!<*e for the remaind. rot his term into the luin i>l the >otuifc and inergetie Vice 1 'resident, and tha sug rti i ia not at all unfavorably er tertam-d But Il< - . 1 1 Iliulvu .ir. w ill no douht stand to the helm uf the -h p <4 Stat", and If po'uble, guide her safely . -oagh thi- n rti s aiMl dUaatera which thriaten* her ou every side. Ttie late great tTnion demonttrati<? in Philadelphia hts betli the subj.ct of scarcely a single remark in any quar ter in WaahingU u. la fact, everything that aavors of pariiH-atioB fails Ute lead upon the cold heart of tha uate n's capital in thu hour of peril. Judge fU.. k, tin preemt Attorney General, h,w received the *| |?intu.e:<t of N-cri-tary of Stat*, vice General UaM, resi^ii d. It '% refiorted that Kdwin S? anion, of pennsyl van a. an eminent lawyer, dow in this city, wtU lake tha | est of Attorney General. The appointment of .S-cret.iryr Th tmpaon ss CVmttuiS* sk n r to North Carolina may render his reetgnation ue cetsary The rt |?i t that he ha- r<-signed 1- preniature. Tli roeaons and motive aratgeed for General Caaa' re sigr.atiot, after tuature delib.-ralioii, are p-obaMy not yet perfectly anderstood Itm iybetl^t h? Is prefwruiga alaU-ment for the pe.blic, which ought to an I will out btati' hie ?U-ws at laig- on lie stab ol the country. G*ni-ral Scott's iuterventsic la pr<'gnai.t with ui -aning, and the d?tie? to be assigned to him will end la g?*>l or eetl It M> t relieved he is in li?rrooti? with Ibe freeld^nt, and that he has coittu ided a wls? an- 1 masterly inactiv itjr in regard to relnforeu g the fi<* -si ?oopa at the So?.tb. If it lu>ulJ so turn out that he i* to he sent M?utn, ? will !?' mi) in th* character of pi. illc ior , and la It. ~v# capo t) he w ill be r -ceiled with r??p><.' One Ihiag 19 cart in, hia e(j >rt" and all eOnrts. will b* vsja ualil U>? North, en mixnr. at once and la ob- r ? artewl . aaaum?M thai attitude whKli almi- can new arreet the turn lha& star- s the country in ibe f?#e I> ? w ere received this moriongat th- Navjr N |?iitmer.t from the I'stiHc squsdn-o Lleat. John t. Iton.lton, ot South Camlina, has toml -r -d hn reeigna'ioa to the Navy Departmenl. and ha t.?eo [-erwv?ii.-a hf the l'?f etBcer o? the PaclBc squadron. In whi-bbe waa serving, t? return to the Called flats# J'e iat?<uis to r+pn- th-- cause of his native Hist Th- re*ig?aUve of ?-?*ral <?*e ta-i y b? Ibe oreaatoa eC ur warranted congratulaliorLS am ia* th?- friondsd Co.* ? emu. He sdi iwd , It m wdi-r^dcsid, ihe appucaima at' f?leri.l forcw, bo'h Army snd bmry.U* the tn.al>l?w *4 C>arl-eti?i U*b<sie1b> r?m- mh- i ? d t-lisl ?? oesei'-a, lUsi^K hrealeued, h?-* n<jt >et l*-?n con-uiii-nale<l by ite*i'h Ca, eiuu. K Oereral <a-e spprcn.-d, sa it aeews that ha did, of th<' peeceal le doclr'n?e of the M' -#*<-?. what ac C'trTerri' sine-- h-? s-- changed the quealioti sa to r-i* v? him In ht< prewin position of glaring Incotwixiciicy. If the ordnance ot secession had been i+grttd, ?4 th? f'?!ei I prvporlf aud intere?te were, as ?Uey then momH bs\? teen, npiotected, the General might havs cooai-f ?enU> tiigl^l the applicatitin Of the federal powers Ao th. tr prelection Neither does It appear ihel In -'wh aa rvi ni '.h" rn^kleul w ill not use the army and the i??vy. Tho i,n. ?ton th-n wtll not be th- mm- sa lb* a* ??ton now, and I hen the freei lent might net ditirr wtl? tM?e '^JLtee Wlteno'< letu r to H.? C^-bCtl^og m <a* f Is nuMi.i) de\ vied t? i ha cibturia. o* 'ho Joel i .th ??*