Newspaper of The New York Herald, February 2, 1861, Page 1

f? * " ? I TTTE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 8912. PRICK TWO CENTS. AMERICAN ABOLITIONISM. ITS FOUR GREAT EPOCHS. .Legislation in Congress and Agitation Out. BRITISH INTERFERENCE. TUe Character, Object, Progress and Effect of Fanaticism. Various Plans of Emancipation Proposed. INFLUENCE OF RELIGION AMD WOMEN. Insurrections, Rescues, Riots, Blood and Crime. Territorial Aspect oi the Question. ORIGIN OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. INTERESTING STATISTICS. Narratives ?f the Anuciatlon of Texas Mexi can War. Wiliuot Proviso, Compromise* of 1820 and 1850, and the Kan*a* and Nebraska Bill of 185ft. TOT ABOLITIONISTS HAVE ACCOMPLISHED. THE PRESENT POLITICAL CONVULSION, JbC., kc., Ac. (?ne of the commanding characteristics or the pro^at age is the spirit of agitation, collision and disc >rd which has broken forth in every depirtment of social and political life. Wlitlo it has been an era of magnificent enterprises and unrivalled prosperity, it has likewise been hii einof convulsion, which has well nigh upturned the foundations of the government an<l dissolved the sacred id,rite of freedom, virtue and Christianity. Never was this truth more evident than at the present moment. A single topic occuplcs the public mind?I'nion or Du uu.on?and Is ono of pre eminently absorbing interest t> every citizen. I pon this issue tiie untiro natiou has been involved in a moral distomjicr that threatens its utter annihilation. I'nion?the child of compact, the cresturc I . of social and i?litical tolerance?stands face to face with Disunion, the natural offspring of that auti-siavery seuti nn nt which tics ever warred against the interests of the perple and th<< elements of true government, and struggles for the maint?-.'>iDc? of that sacred pledge by which the United States havo heretofore been bound In a common J'.'oth'rhood. l.ike the marvellous tent given by the fairy Bauou to Prlnco Achmed, which, when folded up be came an ornameut In the doiieatc hands of women, bu spread out sffbrdod encampment to mighty ami es, so Is this question af abolitionism, to which the present over whelming trouble <>f our land is to be traced, in its capa city to encotnpnat all things and its ability to attach itself even to the amenities and refinements of life. It lias entered ii.to everything, great .and small, hi^h and low, political, Ihcotogleal, social and moral, and in one section has become the standard by which all oxc. llonco ts to be judged Under the guise of philanthropic ro fium, it has pursued its course with euergy, hol in ess nnd unrelenting bitterness until it has grown from "a cloud uo bigger than a man a hand into the dimensions of the tempest which is to day lowering Ov. r the land charged wl.h the elements of destruction, fcomrmnclng with a pretended love Tor the black race, It his arrived at a stage of restless, uncompromising fana ticism whi< h will be rstisQcd with nothing short of the consummation of its wildest hopes. It his become the grand qnoatsH) of the day?of politics of ethics, of expediency, of justice, of conscience and of law, covering the whole field of human society and divine l< vernment. Ia this view of the subject, and in view also of the sur rounding unhappy circumstances of the country which have their origu: in this insane agitation, we give below a history of abolition, from the period it commenced to exist as an active element in the affairs of the nation d< wn to the pr< s*ni moment ? AnOMTlOMKTS ANI' THEIR OBJECTS. There are twu classes of persons opposed to the con tinued exister.ec of slavery in the (.'oiled states. Ths first are those who are actuated bv sentiments of philan thropy and hnnanity, but ore nt the same time no less r>) posed to *ny disturbance of (be peac or tranquillity of the t'nion.or to any Infr icgemeot of the powers of ll.e States rmpos ng the confederacy. Among those may be cla' >ed the society t<f ''friends." one of whose established prus-ipicfc is an 'hborrrncs of war in all its forms, md the cultivation of peace and gool will amongst mankind As far back as lfiTO the ancient records of the society refer to the peacefij| and exemplary efforts of thm sect to (in vent the holding of slaves by any of their number: and a quaint incident is related of an eccentric ?'Fri?*nd," who at one of their monthly meetings -'seated tiimself among the audience with a bladder of bullock's )>!< od secrete?i under his mantle, snd at length broke tho fillet stdines- of the worship by rising in full v|st of the cangregai ion piercing the bladder, spilling the b!ood upon the floor sad seats, and exclaiming, with all the solemnity of an inspired prophet, 'Thus shall the l,ord spill the bland of those thai trotllc in the blood of th"ir fellow men.'" There were crazy fanatics even in t!io<e days. The second 11?-s sre the real ultra abolitionists?the ??icformeis"?w'oo. In the language of Henry Clay, are "resolved to persevere at all hazards and without ragard to eny consequences. however calamitous they may be. Kl'h them the rights of property are nothing ibe.leU ebney of the powers of the general government Is nothing; the acknowledged and inconteatlble powers of the Mate are nothing civil war, a dis solution or the tnlou. snd the overthrow of a government In which nre concentrated ttio fhadeat hopes of the civllir d world, are nothing. A tingle Idea has taken possession of their minds, and on ward they pursue It, overlooking all barriers reckless ?nd regardless of consequences They are for the imms illate aholHlntt of sla* cry. the prnb.bltion of the removal Of slaves from Hate to State, snd the refuse' to admit 0 *?y new Wsie compr k>dk within its limits tli" institution Of domestic staveiy?all the?s being but so many means conducive to i|w? eccompliehniert of the ultlmnt" but perilous end at sb.ch thry svowrdly and hoHty aim so many ?h"rt stages, nr it were, in the lon,i snd tilo>dy m?d to 'hB distant eon at which they wonHI n'tt. iristely arrive. Tlitlr purpose U abolition,'peacexbly If It can, forcibly ir it must." I tterly destitute of C'.n?1 i viti*ituil 11* o li r r ph' *uf power: livint m totally d?" net c<>nini\inUi?s. ?s alien to (1,0 empm.-nii'S 1,1 ,hp subject on which they would operit .<?,'<??. is fsr ss rottceras pclltl ? li power nver that t > 1 rs u they 1 i Asia or Afri.... they i < v.ttheir )?. :t,ateloth ..vnr'd't. rp r* ?'mm tlril* If* without t mpen?al n. to convert four billions of pi "Stable Mid c ntentcd sla-. e? into four millions of bur <ii t: vqic an J discoatented oegroe*. No spirit of mat ever stood up >? earth x.n 1 wielded lie re or weapons. ;?tirriag liar inguet I Stera rcsOtutlOMt Fietful mcmori i a! A/ury protoiU! iu ceudiarv pamphlet- at th> South' Hostile ijgls lation at tho Nortu Underground ra triads at IU? West! Resistance to the constitution ' Division of the Union'. Military contribution' .vUai'pt>'s rill.*'. Higher law If this It not bsliigerenco enough. Moham med'* work and the old Crusades wer" au appeal to argu ment and not to arms. No element on earth has broken up more friendships and families, societies aud parties, churches and denominations, or iu|>tiir*d moro organ izatioos, political, social or dom'-stio. It lui* lived, as it were, by inhaling the very gasps of its dying victim. The philanthropy of our forefathers has become misanthropy in their descendants, while companion for the slave has given way to a deeptoued matigtitv against the mastor. it is a .-angular fact in this conaectDa, that most o~ these theorizers and enthusiasts are ineu who ku >w little or noth ng of slavery and slaveholders be. ond what they have learned from excited, caressed nail tomptod fugitives, or from a superficial, accidental or prejudiced observation. From distorted facta, gro.-.s misrepresenta tions, aud frequently malicious caricatures, they have come to regard Soutboru slaveholders as the most uu priucipled men in the uuiverse, with no incentive bat avar i<e, tin feeling but seltishii *S, no sentiment but cru elty, all of which they Bceui to expect to changc by reckless exaggeration and aggravating reproach. Their pictures of slavery are drawa from their own excited imaginations, or from such impure fountains as "Uncle Tom's Cabin," and those who caier to the vitiated tastes of tho people. They oommur.ee umler un influence of melaii holy at tlrst, which becomes volcanic afterwards. and pursue their object as men of <>n'- idea do ever\ thing?with the single purpose of establishing their own views. They gather their information from discharged saamen, <fn bandeti speculator*, factious politicians, visionary reform ers ami . currilous tourists, opening their ears to every specie- of complaint, exaggerai ou aud laNthood that in t-wefated ingenuity can iu vent, and never for a moment question the truth of auyth.ng they ho-ir. l'retended usseuibl iigs for divine worship hivobeen c tnvei tod into occasions for the secret dissemination of laamiiary d< ctrincs, aud thus has bcea generated a com m n susj icion of all Northern agency in tho diffusion of religious instruction among the slaves. The missionary spirit with which the men of other times aud nobler hearts intended to embrace all, both bond and free, has been crushed out, aud new methods of Bet ipt irul inter pretation ihcovered, inder v hich lln? Bble brings to i t;lit thing.-, of vvliclt Jesus Christ and li: s apostles had no coi ception. Of the Ave broad, beautiful bands of Christiai Ity thrown around the North and thu South? Prifebyu rian oldsc ool ind new, Episcopalian, Metho dist and I aptlst, to say nothing <>f the divisions of Bible, tr .ct and in.ssiouary societie?three are aires ty rup tired. Ard b} such an agent: An element w'thout dig nity, without benevolence, without wisdom, without candor. An agent distinguished alone by Its power to disturb and divide. Politically, the course of abolitiou has been one of constant aggression ' pou the South. Under the ooosti tutio:.. the i nited States have acquired, by the Northwest oesalcn 2sfl,6Si square miles. I.r uisi.iua cesafcn 1,189,111 do. Florida a?id Oirgon cession 400,731 do. Mexican cession 5V16.07S do. Total 2.C77.60J do. (>f all this territory the Southern SUt<s lure b>en por' mitted Jo eujoy only 2Ki5.71ii cqitarc miles, while the Nerthei n St at 08 have been allowed 2 OiJ sit) square miles or between sevou and eight times more than ha? bMB al lott'd to the .South. Southerners have thus not only been localized anilcircumscribed m their operations, but a crti .-?ail' persistently maintained aga net them and their msti tutioi . Turu to the centre of the political syatem?to the city which bears the name of th" illustrious Father of his Country?aud for weeks and mouths th" spectacle has been seen of no Speaker, no Clerks, no Sere -an: at Arms no Chaplain, no organization for public good, but p>r petual readiness for agitation and mischief. Th" gr. at and good meu who used to be there from th ? .Vorth bare been superseded by those \vho?o sole delight s-ems to be to deal blow after blow upon the constitution, until the ruins of the I'ntou shall crumble around theui. I/x>k at some of the invasions proposed upon that heretofore sa cr< <1 instrument. 1!i.' tirst is. that the t lause allowing th 1 representation of thrce-flftLs of the slaves shall be obliterated from the constitution; or, in other words, that the South, already in a vast and increasing minority, shall be still further reduced in the scale of irisignifl'-anee. and thus, oti every invasion of her rights, be far below the protection of even a Presidential veto. Next has been demanded the abolition of slavery In the District of Columbia, in the forts, arsenals, uary yards and other public establishments of the t'nited States. What object have the abolitionists had for raising all this clamor about a little patch of soil ten m les square, aud a few inconsiderable places thinly scattered over the land? a mere gram of sand upon the beac .?unless it be to eg. lehtlsb tho prccedcut oi Congressional interference, which would enable them to make a wholesale incursion upon the constitutional rights of the South, and to drain from the vast ocean of .alleged nation.! guilt its last drop* Jtof s any one suppose that a mere microscopic concession like this would alone appease a conscience wounded and lacer%ted by the "sin of slavery?" Another of these aggressions is that which is proposed under the pretext of regulating commerce between the States?that no slave, for any purpose and undor any cir cumstances whatever, shall be carried by his lawful owner from <me slaveholding State to another , that where slave ry now is there It shall forever remain, until by Us own increase the slave population shall outnumber the white race, and thus by s united combination of causes?the fears of the master, the diminution in value of his property and the exhausted condition of tbe soil? tho final purposes of fanaticism mar be accomplished. Still another in the scries of aggressions Is that at tempted by the tVilmot proviso, by which Congress was called upon to prohibit every slaveholder from removing with bis slaves into the territory acquired from Mexico?a territory ss large as the old thirteen States originally com posing the t'nion. It appears to have been forgotten that whe ther slavery be admitted upon one foot of territory or not, it cannot afreet the question of Its sinfulness in the the slightest degree, and that if every neok and corner of the national fabric woie open to tbe institution not a single slave would he added to the present number, and if excluded their n imler w .tiid not be a single one ths lr|s. We m ght S fco reler to the armed and bloody opposition to the Fugitive Slave law, to tbe passage of Personal Ubcrty bills, to political schemos m Ouugress and out, and to systematic agitation everywhere with a view to stay the progress of the South, contract her political pow er, and eventually lead at her expense, If not of the Cnion itself, to the utter txpurgatiou of this "tremendous na tlotrol sin." In short, the abolitionist has contributed nothing to the welfare of thesisve or of the South. While over one bum-red and fifty millions have been expended by ? lav holders lu emancipation, the abolitionist, except iu these sporadic cas's where the amount was capital in vests. In self-glorification, has not expended one cent More ftisn this Thty hv? defeated the very objects at which they have aimed. When Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky <r some othrr border State has come so noar to the pefsape >1 trad ml emancipation laws that the hopes of the real ft i?w!s of the movement seemed about to be realized, abolitmnhm baa stepped In. and, with frantic appeal*, incend ai v publi-alioL* and belligerent activity, dashed thim to the ground, tightening the fet ters of the slav. --harpenllig authority, and pro due.eg a rea< lion throughout the entire com it.unit) the* bs? crushed out eve y incipient thought of future wsnnm ?sion. Such have been the r.l,\ us tiuits i I al" t on Ch'-rcti, fHtte-ind soetety | Soil ing I. < ' wed 't. V.whe ?? puro. nor peaceable, r. r peril1, ror essily entrested. nor full ot mercy and g,..,d r uit? 1 ut cvnwlTe forward, scowlii.g, unflotn prom:<'?ig. lietce. biesk t. pi ", ord. i and s'ructure u evr' ? Mc?' crushiMi * th Its foot what would not bow l< i fj in* #? .'iient di ~pt'inf t' e e' rth. 11 vld>n tl r?n..lt >. a d .?ti'k>np Heaven 1 If ll it dared to obstruct i ? prog t; p;;> il'jn >j. i ? ??', f; U ; p. j- i lulling nothing. but marking its cnti-e | iv!iway by dia qijit t, ami ru:u Sucll W al.o. iioii We come uow to the train of b !>*:? 1 f?*U up >n wliiili we rciv in prout ul the foregoing tv-m lioua. THE HISTORY OF ABOLITION. THE FIRST EPOCH. Tin: ORDINANCE OK 1787 TUB PI.AVK W>FCL ATION IN 1790. The ftrht great epoch In the history of our country at which the spirit of abolition difpUyed itself w?.j iiumedi ately preceding the format,on of thoprosont Korernaaeat. From the close of the Revoluti mary war, m 17?3, to the Bitting of the Constitutional Conventiou, was i spice of only four years. Two years more bring us to the adop tion of the constitution, in 1789. it was in the auinmer of 1787, and at the very time tUo Don vention in Philadelphia was framing tliut iustr ime:.t that the Congret& in New York was framing theordinance which wai passed on the 13th of July. 1737, by which slavery was forever excluded from a,l tho territory north weft of the riv,>r Ohio, which three years beforo had been generously ceded to the United States by V' ginu, and out of wbieh have aluce been orgiuized the st ites o) Ohio, Indiana. Illinois, Michigan. Wisconsin, Minnesota and iowa. According to the flr.-.t count-. taken In 1790, under the constitution, whi u e\erv State in the Union,? th one ex ccptlon, wa.- a slave State, the number o! slav.s wisaa follows ? State*. Ao. (if store! 1. Mucwicbusetts ? 2. New liatni<shue 158 3. Rhode Inland 1)13 4. Connecticut 2,704 5. New York 21.340 6. New Jersey. 11.42'. 7. PennMlvauta 3,73m 8. Delaware 8.887 9. Maryland 103,036 10. Virginia 305,057 11. North Carolina 100.571 12. South Carolina 107.094 13. Ceorgla 29 -04 Territory 01 Ohio 3,417 Total 007.090 In 1820 New York had 10,088 slaves. Even in 1830 Rhode Ialand, Connecticut, New York, New Jereey and Pennsylvania had some slaves. New Jersey having to manj as 2.S54. Since 1790 the lucrease of slaves has I,< en at the rate of thirty per cent each decide. At thi< period numerous abolition societies wero formed, comprising principally the Society of Friends, ;ui'l peti tict.s were presented to Congress praying for the aboli tion of slavery. These wore received with but little com ment, referred, and lepoited upou by a comnluue. The report btated that the general government hail no power to abolish slavery as it existed in the several States, and that these States themselves had exclusive jurisdiction over the subject. This was generally aciuiescod in. and satisfaction and tranquillity ensued, the abolition societies thereafter limiting their exortii ns, in respect to the black population, to offices of tram* ty ?ithin the scope of ex isting laws. In fact, if wc carry ourselves by historical research back to that day, and ascertain men's opinions by authen tic records still existii g among us, it will be found that there was no great diversity of opinion between tho North and the South upon the subject of slavery. The great ground of objection to it then wan political; thai it weakened the social fabric; that, taking the place of free labor, society was less strong and labor leas productive; and both sections, with an exhibition of no little acer bity of temper and violence of language, ascribed the evil to the Injurious and aggrandizing policy of Great Britain, by whom It was first entailed upon the colonies. The terms of reprobation wore then more severe in the South than the North. It is a notorious fact that some of our Northern forefather1* were the.i the most aggravated slave dealers. They transp*>rtod the miserable captives from Africa, Bold them lit tho South and were well paid for their work, and when emancipa tion laws forbade the- prolongation of slavery at th" North, there are living witnesses who saw the crowds of negroes assembled along the Bhores of the New Engl an I and the Middle States to be shipped to latitudes wlcre their bondage would be perpetual. Their posterity toil to day in the llelds of the Sontben planter. It is a remarkable fact also that of the slaves imported Into the I'nited States during a period of e hteeu years from 1790 to 1808. not less than niue tenth-i were im port ed for and by account of citizens of the Northern States and subjects of (treat Britain?Imported in N? rth ern and British vessels, fty Northern and Brlti-h tnon, and delivered to Northern born and British born con signees. The trade was thus carried on with all its historic in humanity by the sire- and grandsire* of tho very men and women who. for thirty years, have been den "incing slavery op a sin agaiiibt Cod. and sbvehaMers a.s the vilest class of men and tyrants who ever disgrace i i civi lized community; and the very wealth in which n a large degree, these agitators now revel b:is descended to them as the frnit of the slave trad ? in which th -ir futliaia grew fat. The following stat istics of the port of Char'c-too.C , from the year 180t to 1809, will more plainly r ifaie Uila remark;? Imported tote Charleston, from Jan. 1, 1804. to Jan. 1. 1808, slaves C9.07' By British subjects lWGt'J French subjects 1,078 Foreigners In Charleston l< KI7 Rhode Islanders 8,2 ' t Roltonions 'JOO I'hlladelphlnns t"Q Hartford, citizens of SW Chsrlcstoniats 2 00(1 Balttmoreanf 7Mt Savannah, citizens of 30" Norfolk, citizens of 887 New Orleans, ?tticens of .'. 100 33,075 British, French and Vorthen. people 34,582 Southern people 3,54.1 39,07a CO**l< \KJi< or WKS- e S ,a\ -a. Natlvos of Charleston 13 Natives of Rhode (sl'ind 88 Na'Ives of Great Britain t'l Natives of France 10 Total ?,ii H is related (bat during th- ilclnto <>n the M rl question, a Senator from Ho ;th Carolina Introduced in t' > lo cale of th* t'iiited St.it a i dac>im-nt fr mi tli- C ::<to ii Ilouseof Charleston exhibit ng the nanvn auJ ow.iv<of v<s*e!s engaged In the African slave trade. In roadu..; the document tb>- name of J)e Wolf? wn roomuj;/ Oiled. I Hi Wolfe, wh') was the bouator elcct fro' i .1 lod ? Island, wfis present, but had not bceu <yi tl.llc I. 1 in) < . roMna Senator wan called to ordor. "Or.l-r," ? r cchood through tho Senito Chamber. '-It is contra'" t > order to call the name of a R- nator,"' aaiil a di* c lie 1 gentleman. The Sciitor coat nd<db" ih.i not mil ?t or. der, for theStnator from RtiodeI*',an I lull uot b -an ill fled, and consequently was not entitled to a goat. If ? ap pealed totbaChar. The Chair r.-plleJ, "Von ->r c >r rcctj sir; pro< eed;" ai. I proceed he did,calling the nam of I> Wolf# 10 oftta that before be had llnlsh- I th .1 > ment he had prored tho honorable gcntlf-mtn t!i'* .-u, . ler Of throc-fourtl.a i.f the ? 'poor Africa #" br ougtji to the Charleston market, and the Rb fclo Island ab bolted, amid the sym|?ithte3 of his com. ider j J t' sneers of the auditors. Huch was the aspect or affair* with re for en ? to th ? question at the time of Uic adopt' .n of tln> con? tit I i. The spirit of afToction created and fostore I by Hi Krv<i lutlon?Uie cords binding together a conmi >n eounti In a common struggle and a com toon destiny?w.ro i . strong in the breasts of our Revolulionsrv father >:? tLom to countenance the feeble effort* ov n of t'i lo prompted by motives of humanity for the immftiUto emancipation of the '-laves, and by altfwt tho e> tiro North of that jieriod they were regiril d wilii gu ??! disfavor as an unwarrantable Interference with n:i U ready established Inslltutl ti of the countt- Th ? r , ? queue* wns that tney sank Into dureput- . and t!i < o try was blr^^od with and prospered mid' r th -ir c i parativo Cf?sutlon for a number of year Thin h i t I j j fe< ling lotig lay ilo-mant, und It w is u-?t I'iitli tho y ir 1811, when MlrHorrl applied f' r sdM!--i if n o th - l or n ?? a Stntr, thai the |ienod of r|i ..t w i il> 1 ? ' tho little streams of sbo' tionism ili.it hs ! t- - ? lormirg merged into the foul an I ? in" ci whl< Ii i? how f.t vastntlrg the land I,** t? ' >? ?< t d'.st?. y?d the sod Is exerUrg ?' g In ere.. i.j?.i, evuy dej u iti >nt, ( .... I ciV fa'n lc 6FC0ND EroCH. TlIK ilbsiOl'Kl OOMI'HOMISK. I rohably tli*> e lias, m ver been in tin. history of tha liuteii Suu.* except i tjl0 present time, u more critic il n lUMvit, hk|i| from lbe violence of domestic excite in t, than the i, it. ;:i>i of iim Missouri question from ISIS lolilal. #0. tln-HUs d*y of December, ISIS, tha . pc.ikeroi the llutso of Kepicsou' itives of Ihe L'uit -,1 . iwniilcil before II at body a memorial of the l. i iMaiure ol lb ' Territory of Missouri, pr.i^ inp lint they ui>ht bo . milted to form a coasliluliaa and Slate venmeBt upon 'an equal footing witb the orlgnal State#.? Here originated the difficulty. Slavery existed m tbo Jeniiory pr.peaod (a |,0 orect.d iato'au lu l - ls-udent State. The proposition was therofere to admit Mc sourl as a slave State, which iuvolvod three very e-i ? ntial and iui|?ortant features. These wore;? 1. II10 recognition of slavery tturem as a State insti tution by tlio national siv.ieiguty. ?I. The guarantee of protection to (ho ownership or hor slave j>-orwriy by the of the Pulled .states, a* in tiio nigh ? a*'* audei-the constitution. I 3 ik? tli right of representation in tho national I '.ogislature she aid ho nj'portionod on h?r slave popt at ion, as in the original* States. This was a recognition ol slavery which nt once aroused tl.e interest en" the i-oplo in every seetion or the I'niou. 1 bo petition wtu? recived, read and roported upon, a: d ii February, |Sl'j, Mr. "lillniadge, of New lork. pro .? -ed an amen lm at -pri 'hibitmg.very except lor tho n nishmeut of crimes, and that ill children born in the ?nid State after lb,' admission th-reof into the Union -I i,l be free at the age of tweuty-tivc years ' This passed the lb use, but was lost in the; .Senate. The xcttnment, not only hi Congress, but throughout the ? unatrj . soon became intense, aud for eighteen months il i country was agitated fium on ? extreme Id the other in in my of the Kurthc-rn States n.eelims wer > called" n solutions were pussed (intruding ni-iu'iei.- li iw to veil . j ay or1- asc. tide l from Hu- church. s, ami th" p .lpii u gen to ho the medium of the incendiary d.a'ribes for winch il bus since becom ? s" tain is. In bulb bum lies oi Congr-** amendments were ? .-id and i "'.:i. i without i. .mber, while th" ar i uls >>n I Kith sides brought out tbu a iron*: cat views or tii0 repj -o1 f <'n oni hand u?..- maintained that the compro ? i ? oi tie federal constitution regarding stivor\ re j ? oil'! only its ex.il ' K limits at the t::u- tint it w.?a mote Irnin tbe vt< ws of tho frames of the const i tut ton e I nve li e .loivi n of si.iv tv extended on tlut has:? - 1 at Hi" fundamental priu. iptos of tue American K"v<du-' 1 "ii and ot tbe g,.\ en meut and institutions erected upon l wire he... I i|o to slavery: that ihe e ill promise of tli" i -Million v ? simply a t.'loration of thing-" that were ? l.d l ot a bisislor tilings that wero to be; that these s?' .ii.:.., il si ..very as It existed would be fo1 foiled by in extension of tli-system; that the honor 01 iho republic in !nro the world, and it* moral inlluenc" with mank nd ir> favor of freedom, were identified with the advocacy of principles of ml rental >tnar.cipatl<ni: that th- art ef 1.H7, which established the te.Tiiori tl government north and wist of the river Ohn. prohibiting slavery forever ti.ciefri'm, was a public rec gtnli'ii and avoirnloftho prttu (pits an.: d< sig::s .n tli - (, opV of (ii. rTn;?C'd .-t tics m regard to n. iv Stat s arid territories north and w st ai d lLa! the pi p. sal to '. stabli.-h slavery in Missouri was ?I \.. lution ol ui; tilOie gri al till I ft'tldaue ntci principles (In the other baud, It w. s nrire : that slavery was Incor" l?"l..t>,| 111 tl e .?> t. Ill of I clot; as established HI l.oii,,,,* ana, wb. -h c< raprohi iel -d tl. lerrftorvof Miss . .rj wlien P?'r Oi I ' anc ? in IS03; that tl, ? luith <>r tho I..it,'! Mat. v. p!' , d by treaty t- all 111 - inhabit a'its ot th.it w l ie domain to in unUiti tiieir rights an I pri vilog. i* (,u lie ; utne tooting w ith tho pi ople of tho rest of Ihe country ; and coiigequ. ntlv, that slavery being u pa-^t of their Mate i.f society, it voulil he a violation ol eng .g-. no nts to ab. ii.-h it without ihair i onsen! Nor ooui i tha government, as they mumta.n?d, pres ribe the abolition ol slavt ry to any j a rt of snid territory as a condition of being or*i tC '. into u state, ir they were Otherwise I.riti tb d to it. It m:glitWell, lis they sa11, be reipiire-i of them to abolish any other tniit Icip.U regulation, or to an nlhiJsM any other attribute of sovereiguty. if the go vernment had made an ill udvisod treaty in the purchase ol Louisiana, they maintained it would be manifest injus tice to make its cltizi'ns suflbr on that a. eount. 'lhey t aimed that lhey were received a.s a slaveVlding com munity on th sHine fcotlng with the slave Mat s, and tbai the oxiktui oo or ucn existence ol slavery c r.tid :iot be ma>.v a tiutt CH>n when tliey presented themselves at tl.e door of the t pitol of the republic for a State chat tec. After much bitter and acrini nious discussion, the : .esttoil wa finally, through tho exertions of H ury t; ay, settled b> a compromise, an 1 a bill w i passe I for the admission of Mi-sojri w cl out nny restriction ns to s'ivory, but prohibit,ng it throughout the butted St ile* ii rth of latliei . thirty -fx devices and Cllirty m:nutes. Missouri was in t declared independent until August IS'21. Previous to tie passag. of the bill for its a<Iini-' s on, the 5 oj e had formed a tato coi.stitn'ion, a provi s n of whichrt-i irod the !>?? lature to pass a law -lo p cveiit lice negtoet from OOuiitig to and settling iu tin &.ate." Whm the com.litut on was present ;l to Cm Kiess, this provision w js strenuously opp.,se ! Thac.m t st occupied a greater part of tho session; hut Mt-iourl wi.s lieally admitted on condition that no law* should bu p .ssrd by which any free citizen of tie t nit-. I States should be pievenled from enjoying tho ? rights witlun the Stat - to which he wus entitled l>\ theoa titutiou ol the L'Uitcd States. Mich wns the Missouri Compromise an 1 Unugh its ?i ttleiiioi.t en: e mi re brought repose to the country and ?trot frthmid the bi nds of fraternity and union betw en lie Mates, ils agitation in (.V-.gr,*- was like Ihe opening of a foul u; er?tbe beginning of that domineering. 1m P< rtlm M, ill timed, vociferous mid vllnperative opj> ., a ti which litis over inc.; be n the leading characterist c d1 the abolition movement. The "settlement " of the question in Congress seemed fo be merely thesigu.,1 for tl- agitation among the non ?i ivi hoi n.? Motes. !? u.alien sprang up like miishro, ms, ,! I, '-in the name of God," proclaim? 1 thaonormliv o, .vert ui..i op-rual uami atiou to all who n lulgi'd in tli w eked luxury. .mong the earliest and most notable of these philan tl opt< i formi rs was m.o ikj.u.rain buudy, who, in the y< ar 1 Mil. commenced the publication of a nraithl> pe ll '1;> al called the '.into, of / nityrttol fJniui)' ifnitiitn wt'ich was e.ocos-ivel. publi.-Ii d at 1'hd.ule pU?t, i:.Itt n re, tVntha.g'en city, aid frequently ??? r,>vt d rii.g his travels wherever he could tlnd a I i'i cs. It is related of him that nt one time be traversed th tree Stales lecturing, collecting, "In it ,nt, aubs' rlbers. stirring up tho people, writing lor b.s i aj r. getting il pr.uted where ho could, stopping to r. .id the'? proo i ti," ,ii nl, directing and mailing his I eersattb nearest j. st office. Then, pocking up in hu t 01 k bis columu ri. 1 . type, '?hading and " direction I . K ' be pushed a.ong like a thoroughgoing pioneer. bat ibis si lttary ?? I rlcad ' ?for such he wa ?in tins i tiio r accnipliehe l, he himself atates in an appeal to i e public In 1BS0 lie soys:? [ fisve ?Itliin tbe period ft bo re m'T'lono^ (lot) years) MOrf. ' d si'VpihI tUonianiU of dodar* of my own ln>i.l earning*, vo bare led upw. nts ol five thousand niile? on fo?,t, . -,d more i.tui twenty tbou-Miid in oilier way*, t.avwylsiird .neiet a ..tate? of ifai* b'ulon, and held more tl,?n two I uudud lublle meeting*?bare perform. 1 two v.,ynfc* to i n* li ules, b> w lileh mean* the ,-mam tpa'ion * en - de??Mo nunib-rof hIhv.-s ha* l>oo,i elTeeted, and I le.pe :l,e i ay payed for thr enl ianc)ii*omenl ol many more IKBURRKCTfOK AT t'HABt.KSTnjf, R. c. ihe year 18331 was marked by one of the most uef.>rK>.i3 i gro plots rvcr developed in the history of the country. "1 l.o first revi Intlon was made to the Mayor of the city of ( barlcston on the llOtb of May, JnJ2, by a gentleman who I ad on tbe morning of the same day returned from the country, and obtained on his arrival an inkllnjr of what .m s going cu from a Confidential slave, to wham the ret bad been Imparted. Invest 'gallons were Immediately set on foot, and one the rli ves who was- appreheoded, fearltxj a summary ' ? cutlon. crnrC'sc 1 all he knew He said he had known the plot for some time; that It was very ext'-us.ve, t bracing an Indiscriminate msjRacre of tbe wb tes, and i ,t U e black vero to be beaded by sn individual who iri cc about him a charm whteb rendered him Invul rabl. 1 be pet .si flx 'd for the nsmg was ou Sunday, e 16th of June, at twelve o'clock at right. . Through the instrumentality of a colored class lender i ne of the church s, this information was cor choroid, end it was ascertained that enlistment r tie ii nrreotion was being actively carried In the r ,| rod community of the church. t tipp, ired thit throe months before that time a an named I'.o In. belonging to Governor ilennett, ? ?I c - ;arv nintod intelligence of the intended rising, Irg tbat when this ovent oecttrred they would be n*. in < litnuiifi, fbetr liberty by [vop!e from St. p. ng.n ' Air oa and that If they would make tbe first 11 n et t it the time above named, a force would rro??? in .ianie Is'iitvI and bit d nt .South Bay, march up and i lie a rs ..al aid guardhouse tbat another body i t tbe same time setze the arsenal on the Neck. ,i tl.uil w.. rer.,'. 7voiis In tie- * mity of his teas ? mill , th'.y v.mill! thru sweep the to'wn with tire 1 w :i t i p. rrai'.tu g a ir;;le white soul to escape iirtb d by this territoe ititelllgence, the military wore ? n . it ,ti ly 11 -r .1 out and preparations made to re. ? ? tin fist flf'T.. or an outbreak Kind ng the city en -il- o<i with p.tril and a strict watch kept up. ii ry f.i votiicnl, the negroes feare i to carry out their a as Mid when the period had psssed for the explo | n of tl -plot, tbe attthoTlllce procredrd w;th vlgm- lo i 'to.* r.h aga-nst whom they po-sesred information 'be nut prisoner tried wa.i Roll*, a commander of one r "be contemplated rorcs. fm nPt;,g ask?d whether be ti/ '"I to i.Ill the worn, n sril ch ldren,be remarket, V hi n we hove dM ? w.th tiie men we know what to do ? .1. vet tr ??? ' on tbl tost moi;' h? wna fia.nd t % i4 s t tcnced to, bo etscuted on tho 2d of duly 4 noti or wns lennark i'.sey,tbe father of the plot, rd n in blf^sk r. an. It was provid that In- hail spoken i 'b i >: tratv upwards rt f, or years previously. Hit va the iemit *?ens of the oonepira'ors. where he >tfi' i le I, enc rutagtug the lirnid by the bo|?? of i to \ e the -a r pies fti the religions by the iver:i i;S''.-(-'j are, and niltHMcog tlie la-ld 1 ? sc fs'ctnat of blood, biauty and p w.'s ti 'er wares proved, thot gii not on li)? tie l:i bin' r r1 1 (on it, i n p.iwlruca with t f ! I - ti. ?tin ',:p> ? ere a-ef rel? I " h?*tl -r," t- i > him tlv ousidfa wl cl. hu tin 4 111 . ..tf. i. Hm Uv.lt.gB was to f'-t the mill* rn lire, an I air noon as tijo b >!fs b.'i\n oet r 1 VVU'} ",10ul11 ki" ?vrrJ ??an a-he. ,tn - cl!icii., fn V{Tr/'T{U ,l" wot,, nut. J .. ,i ' l><2 hid commanded >u the Scripture,, " i M.T'k N";V,1 ' m,*<" *<?? ?<> ^ .?? I'furil i \ci ,?t tin ? 11"' V'# ?^'P* l;t" every mat, ou i ? t "5, i?,v- , *?? ? I ???: soexpcctwl. I Uracil MBt-toacJ f ix Ihoif;.!,?! wero ascertained to have b ?? onI, ,...i li, ,|ie teipilsc. llioir i anii? b'-ini ,.im . * ,. 0 ' ' C ! * * i In* S ("| I v I' 1,1! II h ?r i "I'MICU 0.1 t*H? bOlJKj \x v ? orcuuaatji^n wugt illo l U h"*' ,L'' l?8t fW-K f-?i cd, lUe 1'M'tvm ,vln St I M l??S au.-.-t, meditated usecond ?.t. i, t r, ;i; kst":w*':1 '?>: 'J* ??x-cuiion ot it,.r a**.-a .-,'i.di;!; '' \ IgliaUie of tho whites 'lliB loitilwiH Wulted 111 V I find, "ii^ 111.- head man, who wu a white nun' ? i, . [ th, y wuind not :c c..! h.s name. 'Ihe whole ni mber of poisons executed wis thlrtv live sei n-rci'U to transportation, twenty ono ttn> whole mm, her aire ted, me hundred ami thirty ot;,'. Amei.g ,l,o conspirators brought 'to trial and com ic tin, .1.0 ci,si s ,1 (ii. n, Hilly I' .l.,,< r am! .Uck Purco.l w in u, ii.guiMM'd (or ii,o sanctin m-.is byp<vtM> taey w. r.ori. w ni' it,' ir ctlmo. (lien w * a p. cache-, Palmer ;i \ pious ami Purcell to 1> ss devout. Tho lailcr mace th ? ill.wutg Important oonfussi >u. ll 11 I ad not been for the cunning of that old villain Vosey t a I'.tiki not nov. t..- Jt, my present situation Unemployed every !" !" "" :U'l' '"B 10 J"'P hl,m- 11 ? Wu* 1D t?l! iiailll ui ii i!iiii j, t. no- all the | timiiri In He newspaper-. that ri-la-.-l c?, 1,1,1 i,? "1,n,?V "Idart-,illy every pamphl'-t he ? i i ^ fciuulH on i hat h?,l any connf<tion ) . j , ''a Vi'ry Jltn;r,l.,Vb,?Vnl.ti, v'irh t" ' ' ' [''' in 4 "/??/.< .. I y <t Mr. Ki // fii the hu-'j* ' < ' )!' * r1' . ' I*' *',s. ? K,?'j int the Ihtrl- man's i>, . J i i >:? tt. " ,1,1 ' 'Z V" ' " '? "':f' ll' ./<!? A' -I ' ,f r ? *tlf}>/<>*', ro7"t ttUti to t/tot >? j*,', It, fir jnrt !?? 1/ ?it >i(iti r <i as i' [ji tat dilutee to the city, Thc\h . Kjpn here spoken of was Rufua King, Senator ikii. ioik. Una confersiuu rLows that tho evil wn.cu w.n rcntoM uoulcl ari^c* from the diflcu.^iun of the yihSM'uri questlou had beeu in some degree reu ; v.?d in tne coin.?( i t two or three joais. IJc-JIctoiii, lunatic ism al>o had ife share in tho conspira ry'au.arlestt.ji iw melius poiiticf. The wcoki m of a lnrjje buoy of blacks from the whito MetliodUt church Hlined a Lot bed, iu which the genu of insurrection wi,.- nursed into hie. A majority ot the conspirators be oi.?ed to the ' African church." an appeiialiou wh eh I be k cfUers uMiumod att'T leavir,' th while Moth.list i run li, and among those exocutod were several who hud been class h-adeta. Thus was religion made a cloak !'>r "? ?*' I'ral crime.! 00 rcoord li |g the **m? at tui? day. Th' tirades ol the North would drive the to M " pi: atictj ol the South to bloody ni.i.'.jacres and in sunettioi'S. imrrisn iNKi.i'Ksrp. ami intf.ri kp.enck. Durir;; all tins timo Itritish abolition Rem inient an 1 do ft CM wire Industriously Infi sod into tho minds or tk< paople of the tfcrth. Looklaf ?rer theb- own hone lets,unfed, ragged million,, il.c.r filthy hovels and m id floor?, worse than th, common abode of pigs and poulfv crow edcellais, hungry jwupers, children at wo.kui.der gn.und, a cc nimunil) of wr? tcb> dne.-.-- suth ;w ih<- Amei i ? in slave never dreamed of, Uiitfch philanthropibla wrote. d? c .',u?i'd ami expended uotold autna noon a si ppoHi d ulnue three thousand miles oil', with which the) havo no ooiuiect,i n, cl? il,social or political, and of which they know c< niparatively nolhiug. They pas. ed I. i -r ,? i v.;li;i, s I ) who were oying oi hunger upon it"dr ve.ydo. r tills, to make long prayi rs in the market I'" < e t< i the imaginary nrirei ,ngnoi n, -n? , lo whose well led and happy condition tln ir own wictclied nauVrs mif lit asjilre m rain r Ih fore they indulged In thia iuvective It would have t ien wi>e to have inquired who were Ihd authors ol the evil, in the language of an Knglish statesman? If slavery Is the misfortune of America, it Is the crime of t'test Biltaln W o |?n;ied tl?- foul lule, t on Into her veins, M.d fid andclifriidied the leprosy which now defonus that otherwlce prosperous count, v. Having Illlid their purBia as traders iu slaves, they have l-cci me tradcia it, philanthropy f mid maniM'' tooarn a ihaiacter loi help l.g i avuy out ol the very pbnitatluna el ibo >'( nth ll,ey helpi I to sUx U. Ihey roaemblt; tti-ir < wn Uau idf< i ol a line p nth man- (It ,irgo IV.?who it u said, drove his wile inlo imprudei -iw ?>> bis brutality and notlicl.and then |s i?ecuted her to death for having fa.lcn into Ih ni; c. one of t!,ose la^bionahle philosophers w lio n duce w, men and then upbraids them lor a want if virtue. I iki-the l,i nun Kiupi ior, ihev iiml i o unaa vi r> uncll in th. gold d< rived In m tin hitbien souice. 'Ihe Hi at abolitiiin society in Uroat llritaiu was est i hllsaed Iu 1H23, and it 1 a lai t wortby :>f note that tho in st public advoeaio in J-.t,g>and < f the'docirmo of imtue dinte ai.d i.nei nditloualabollltou was a woman?Hixaliisth ill trill.. In IS'.'"., th- Anil la very fc'oeiety comtiioiic ?! II,e cirei latK n ol 77ir Mii'hlij AnliSlw'iu /.' ,-li t., wlinh was edited by /"acliary M.ic.ielav. Kaq., Ih-* father i.l II,n l.,te Tbomar. B. Ma' .uila) , the'cauix 1st. historian ami lord. 1'ititiona beg.m c,, be cinei,?;id, pub lie meet it ks w.re held, and tin- Motbo.lift Chi ten mis tM.k nil active pail In (lie movement exhorting their bn thren, f. r tho I iv ofchr t, to vote for no canonist'* nit km wt, as pledged to thi i.tiif-of abolition, lieilii. s, i i latie, doctors ol divlmte, tn miieis '?1 l'.ii lmn eM ,n>; l i era engoge,| ,r; tho worl and cm verts rapidly rcrer,'-. d. Mots and dial1'! Iv.uce.j r. -nit .1 In ls:,^ an lnsuire- n. lonienied by th. lit!, a m,.-ai.iaa' rii s, Iik Ki ( ,it in tin slai, ' of .lam ea. which wu.- >!ily I' in.iin.te'i by n ics rt to the, mnskei and gilib -t the nfual fruit of ilu-s#. ii.C'b'ilarv doctrinea, wa'-iev-r they liiive Vim, reulit (1. In l;':ja Dili Was p. -I, ,,y lim jiiitisb govt mmeiit by which, for a r.omp-i.aitiun of ' in bin 'in. ii.il lone . i cullurs, eight hundred Hum a ml s ''via in thell, ilish\Ve-t Imilia received their liberation. ILih fill. we.', m by tlie abolition or Slav fry tbroughi ,il tl,i' British i!oii>in,ni,s. which e n,tin ipated twelve millions more In the Kant Indiea. I In cau^e thus ricelvid n laiv uujitl .h. societies sprang Into hie all ? v?-r th" I nib d Kh gdoin; n corrcapondenco was opened in every pm t of tfo ivo/1,! where negroes wore hold in bondage; lecturers weic ami abroad, especially to the b(ijiglito<l I niter! states, to it latent lua in thoir doctrine^ aiil stir up lebelllou. both aniong the pe, p|8 ?nd the sla\<s; eainest em.'ravors were made to Indu-noe the policy o| the n n alaveholdirg states of ih- North and . ri.it. -i bailed for Ih .-"i,th and, in short, the nbolitlmi movi n int si tiled down in u det. rmined w.irfarc axainst tl.e institution of slavery wherever it existed. II hi.s been a war tn which news]si|M'is p.impblela pe l fed,ca la. ?l acta, beek.i. novels. Of says?In a word, tin en tile nu ral f",e?s ol the human liiind.have been tliowea I* Ls. f nehind bei nine H i champii n of ami laverv, a I I ho I Hit, d Mat is became tbe tie aire of a crusade which nemcdaaii intruded to c-.rry out the spirit of the re mailt Of Mr llobei t l'< I. that ?tkem- hviJrml million* of <h I 'rrjxtid />>,? thr ah li'ion n) lur ry hi thr ll>^ vattJ.i hit init. mint trrr twit J'i'i tkr iii-rrtbnjf if on insii Lui im ??."' 1-tiler II.<11 m,il the Stafford House b'came the centre ol tbis ni w system, around which revolved all the lights 0 Itrltlsh abolitionism, lbe ground of in.medi.He and unionditional emar. ,(.at,on. ho?rever, wna not taken bv II e KngOfi, ap. l.iCLista until suban; "nt ii.ua biilthese views wben prrsrntid iound ready concurrence froni' I'laik."on. Will.erli ice and other w 11 known advocates ot Ibecjuse. Among th' I ngll h State.,n?B pledged upon I M.I sob (it were Urey, I nnsdi wne, Holland. Crougham I Meiboumc. I'almeraion, tJraham.Sianlov and II ixton anil in the h?n<ia i f tbrte feivent b adera the ea e stfediiy 1 progreared towards Its fruition. | hum tbia time forward the coalesced efforts of British ' and Northern ii flue nee to disturb the institution of j s a-, cry in Ihe routb, to render a'av- labor ;< -s vaJuable ' and ircite th" negroes to rebellion, have ben, rnntinu'd 1 with mora or less s-< stem, oreaalonallv threatening the stability of tbe I nton. ihe w hole objei t of i.reat llr.fa,n i being not the wel sr" of the slave, but the d -t-uciion 01 slave labor. wh( reby. through a aystem of conom^t and fori, d labor, she wo uld be able to aapnlnnt the Cni ted Mates, by pr<?b Ing her cotton from ihe neUls oi tbe Kaatern world. M ull this end in vo w, and (oupledpir hapa with the idra that theabol ilon of slevrv would i n; k down our republican form of government , abo re coited to every species of intrigue that promised * ie, e*s I_isaens|oi S ba\c been aown lietween the Nin th and S nth, the "imdrrground railroad' system has been es tablished leadltg to her Caai dlan poseeattona, HKitation aid assault have been persevrringlv maintained the c? ntrv has been P, od<il with li ades of every hue and kinU nirniisl the ilistltutif n, the Northern pulpit ha*been dcs.crated in Its ded leal ion to the work of stirrtag up strife, cburchee have been fevered in t*am and .-oothetn (hristians denied tillowahlp with Hi. ir Noil bet n hrribrtu, until ihe grand political i.imax has ?ie?-n n a lied of secession and re volution It is sale to aay that from the time this plan of op- radon waa digested In KngUmd, thirty yenrs ago. there |? , Mi'iivamcMBi'til that has taken place on tbe che?a I card ol American abolitionism that, under tbe xui-eof I philanihropj has not been dictated at Kxeter JIal! for Ihe jirpfte oi destroyiig the production of cotton and breaking down tbe tree government of this eoiiBlrv J Among the more Tar seeing and praot al statesmen of t-rrat l.ntain, however?men who bavc ever dissented with <he ultra views of abollilontsts. there is an evident a arm that this headlong i-olicy tiia, baa been pursued wiU rebound upon the interest* oi tbi mother countrv A'rrady the subject has become a source e, an*lon< cool Sideratlon, and the peop'e ?f ft-ghnd are beg'nnirg to I.< k around for srmc relief u<m ilmt der?ndenoe ut* n American 1nsiituttoi,s whitU has heretofore been the re liance and minport of millions of their w rkers. Thev find that tho example they have set, and tb'i roiicy thry have urged, does not promise to be altogether so beneficial to Ibein ns they rnppo?ed. in this connec tion it will be interesting, as a matter of historv to pre ten e 'be master rebuke of l ord Kror?hvn to the nrcou aiticr.nl abolitionists of Boston, who invited bun to be lhl Brown anniversary of the post year j... ?/??. . ... Brotuaun, So?. ?), IS(n I no "Ore?! by tile loirnati n to attend lbe Hnsioa i on vent Ion, imd to ih" my trnton up.n the un.'?,ieii "How ran American ?ls\cry be awjllshear' I cons,d r the applica tion Ii mado to Be aa conceiving me :n nsprectnt the ami s sterj body in tfcl* countu; and I beileve ihal I speak their in lm> t!? as well as my own in ripieisint 'he widen, dlf 'rrenceof opinion with y. u upon the aneibsof those who pn moled tbe Harper's Ferry eip?dl'lni, ami upon the'ate 0 those who suffered far their conduct In it- \o one will rioebt my r?me?t d? ?ti- to ?ee slavery ' ?iiu?:ni<li?d, hat COS (>s ,.? ean oni* b* gratiticd by lawiui mexns h strict reaard to the riafits , f propery, or whai tbe1?w declare- procert* rrd a ern'tant repugnance to the ?heddlnR . f bled Xom in -s, 1 e r-rr.sldend a n,artyr unlesa he no, onlv-differs hot la wimeia to the truth; s d he roes no' b??r thla leatir.ion. ?ho a awful .hj.ct h, megs, An, o.s/r -me taken tor the aholiilrn of slavery can ..nlv d?Ut tne ti.nirinatl'.n v .- a., rt.ruity wl?h, b. .,de. etPo,lnV h! ? I II' ,il<y to ti e h?MK, Ol an ,n?arrec|on n-diam v? kuritn to ,he oia-ner tban the slave 1'gOflliiaP K)f ABOMTION is amkhic*. I r, I'ably ?o pntiort m th?" history of the oo mtsy h is been more eharacterirod by the spirit ?! reform and n 1 evaUi n th, n that embrace I b i?o., <i, . ia..?? , Iigi>u* influence of th ? rnnmunitv hid bsoit rktheted ui ;i fo- ? s tl) ii was <1 stined lo -i:unh !xt?? tli? wlcltei'.ni'-s of n.nn U.Miooary eaterpria^tboug'i i.i their youth, were full ol vigor Anmveriiarnw wi ?? the Octuaiou of uii uiuiiat crazy woileiMil. 11 ?!: k '''" a-i'im-d th- shape <? fmatlcww; the cliunUcii were thilllcl with the aullwi i >?? tl. if th" tnillculum wax at iiatid?t'.o "oviuueliaa ton ot Ihe world" never was bieaaod with fairer pro*. ptcif?tl?- ..itivk ton see ' wet' "ti tho inogt Ire nmi'iciis scale. Pence societies w.iro fo'med?tempo ral ct' societies iluur -bed more than over?I'rM Vaaonrv \\j ait .eked socially .itnl Iioltttcallr?tli? Ktbhtlh mail qu< hI:- ti l>c< 'line one m the ubw. biug topics of tho 'lay? theatres, lott ries, the treatment of the ''poor Indian" t<\ tbe geueiul government?ail cauie under the moat i oiorous ri iigiouib ri v.n?tin' Ooloiuautioo Hoeiety, ostab I l.Kit in 1*10 tn'iinicil its operations, anil, iu short, tho , i it of reform hicamo cpldemic, and tbe period o?e ot unp:e,adi nltd moral aod political Inquiry. 1 war u i>eilod, ton, when in many of the State# of Ui? s th. ?nd t ry, i .,11) those upon the Northern border, Ui-? -i,l >i-et w.i - in-ely dis . osacd of a gradual awl healthy ! nn: ue jiatn'uof \hi- rIn vei, unit various plans for this oh ti t weii- pres iiti'-i anij emu tamed. The moet vutuabl* am in ,i'B w ei o ni t ui work?t.ot by abolitiouiata, hut by utln uirr then.selves, in w in hehiart- there h id eprtimt up an embryo reformatory p. n pie simultaneously with the l.ktidn g upon their shores oi the Ihst slaves of their * . tl ern brethren, and which would have none ou In i .risug unit fri.ctlfyiig had not thn bitterest of den'nictation been l&unoliid aiciuisi llicm and tliia mix i rn' pres- ;re driven Hi assaulted into iu c.lt.l . le -if net'. defence, wkw dcl.ant spirit now speak* out to tha .-r dl.'iiit in n bold Jiistiflcationof I be institution .tuaekad, an i itural and necessary, aud which it fcluill be Ihmr pur pos to perp. tuate forever, / , i'n !v a- 1816 a niai.urais.sion society was formed ia Tl i ncMi r, wl.n-i-ebiect ? i- the gndtml ctngim-ip-itt m ot th< Klavcs under a feyctem o: healthy aud judicious Stoto lefj: .lution. At a later ilaj V.rKitiia, Maryland and Keu tut-.y were tho thcatn f < t it .ci--.-iou ol the same subject, .11,1. in all ol them the que<<Uon was agitated, fh>e;ally anJ pol ttcaiiy, with a tre.-dom and liberty tliat indicated ? net I ia! desire to etlect the philauthropic object. \ annus plans having the same end iu view were lika wft'? proposed, some ot them evinetn;; a remarkable Inpi nuily. One if these, in 1817, was to encourage, by all pic nor means, emuncilMition in the S?uth; then lo maku iinatiKetneiith wdh the non slaveholdinx States to rece.vs tin freed negroes, and ci n.pel the latler by law, ir n^cos . ai v.to reside in these Mates. By this means it wan thi rtibt that a gradual cliange ol " complexion'' ro ill Ix e(l' cted Irom natural causes, which would not l ike pUcd oi'l<i-B the blacks were scuttered. and that th'is, from * II,pie asroclatlon and adventitious mixtures, tho sahlw color would ri tiro In degrees,and after a few generations U Mack person would be a rarity in the community. Auotlmr plan proisised id isiu was to remove in? fei ales to the Northern States, where they should b? iiouiul out iu respectable funi'dles; thwe unmarriod iti iei, vimi and npwardu to be iniini dlately free, and all th rest nt the stock then existing to become ?o at ten viars <T age, thi' proceeds of the males sold to bo appri> iiriateil by tho party making the purchase to the removal i .; education of tliesefemales. In fnrtheranie of this ; cVi me, it was argued that while negro women would ft.il lit-ar children, though settled among white persons, tl.i v would not do fo hull so rapidly, and thus their poa t. t\ would in three or four general i >ub logo tha oifeu m ,? Vim>r and Imve a tint not mor - disagreeable than tlw ii'i.iii rs who are called white men in Southern l.urop* ami Ihe Wi.-t Indies, and llnally be lost in the commas riasfi of humanity. While tt is true thai very few pooplj :? ft- r Hi ty in- sixty years could nndor this rule boast of their fatheis and "niitliers,tho grand objeet would b<? I uttaiued, nnd the world be satisfied. Another proposition which emanated from a distm nu'ished gentleman in one of the Souiheru States, nn I lllling ono of the highest offices in tun ,'oven meut of the I'mted States, was that a grade ot ,'o|or should be liv d in all the sl ivoholdii'if States at which a person should be declared tree and entitled to all tho rights of a citizen, even ir born or a --'avo. Mo ci,i ti i.ded that this act would separate all such peraona fn m tlie negro rare, and present n very cons ideraltle eli. ck to the progress of the black population, giving thi in at tin same time now luter' -ts and feollugs. lha I 11 ildien thus emnrrlpated. oven if tho \iarentnsiiould not he wiiiillv filled lor it, would conns into society with ?i.i\oi t .ge marly iqu t to those ol the isjorer- claisoH of I wl II' people, and niu hi work ih-ir way to indepetidenea h wol), without any counteracting detiiniont to the pub ' ic * . At i_ !n Virginia, in 1H.1 i' was suggested, through the columns of lie Richmond J!nqui>*rt iliat ,-ifi iv t y\u>uU\ he jnsso.l declaring that a.l involuntary servitude should eeaRe to exist io iliit j f:t from and niter the yf.iriOoO, 11ws. without ic. ui irg lor one or two genciatii i'S tho value ot sliva ir'-ertyoti' > > n' amirdtng?mi>le time and opportunity hi d'l>po?e of or exchange that dead property lor a morn i si ful and profitable kind. In Ik fj, Hon. Mr. King, or N*( w York. Introilueed tuto ibo : ennteof the I luted States (ho annexed resolution:-. I l,.,t :iHroon th" por ion of tin- existing fu^?* <?!;' I mil (! S'lite-, : ui the p.iynieiil ol whieli f "' l"i?'" 'in ?! is pieilpid, -diall linvn tu en paid off, iheureortli tli* ulole of ihe public lands .if (lie I nltedSUUea with tbeiBeU Pi rci'i ils Ol III' future w?!nit thereof, shall eon -mute and Mini ., I in it w lilrb Is In n ' y appmpila'eil lo aid the euitne patl'ia .1 mii I. Mate* and the removul ol any liee iieraons "f cu.oi ini'iiyet tin said Stttps.aa by the laws 'f the v vera Miie? it* .?ert.vely m?y be allow ed t . he emanrliated, or to be W il ined i. any tei rltury or coinitiy without the limits ol tUn i nlti d State* of An erica. Thi" ro;o'etifn, however, was not called up by thi mover nor ntherw se ucti d upon . till: notl.er i Ian was to ra se money by contrlbutijHi hioeel.out the. i i u ii ai d elsewhere and buy ill tha |. vr- ut f-2.r0 eaeli. The \ aim of four million negro.* : t fnsi rneli. ;heir avers:;'' tn.nkel value, would b? -o too.t 0C (KH). It is unnecessary to snv that none ot" tfe.-e propo-itiors were ever adopted m prietico. In II while bf'itioniJtn ha'- pretended to feel ror the i'j {<.-'?<! ? i.iu*?iiiK^ blftvcH, it bus never felt iii'icb in its jsa ket to aid thtin. Humvt, it may be mentioned that in \Wll. 9J virtue or an an c) in 1M7 every slave in Now \i,rjc ten 1 f.oti t d in number?was declared to im?rre?, ind tliet Hire emancipated without compensation ta tliclr i wi cis. ,,?.!? .'Isu ha p run!?when the rampant spirit or rerorn* wii< etlackuig evi l' iioagu.rtiy evil of the tiling?it W ,,,, ., . r 4,| wonder that Northern a!>o!itlonisU, , rlij.ng to Ha ir fai.i.' ical p.ejudic.s and to the British inti i"i:e tl.n: v.a nit tg ili-in onwari'. i omnienrcd thai I . nilioi : it at ion of the question that has since bea? 'lis lean mi. I harai tmistic. The negro w.-o prono.incfd a man and a hrnl.e: and that was the beginning aud eu<I the arg-.iii.-nt. Trio! . ?p<<cL-" . i?.mphlets *nd wen c tiered without money and with <ut ' price." The pulpit vied with the pr<-? and i vi rt ,mag.liable foim ?: mv inient was used t 11 o'd uii s'nveiy as the most hoirlbteof all atlnKfties, the ' finn Of all villara ' N w.-pap-rs began to be an a. kioal.i'Md el nn nt In the land, and, falling in tho tram ot ihe j oung n?vnluti. n, or rather growing tttt of it w Idei! imtnense power aiming the tn ifsos. Among these then dext tcd lo tin subject ot reform were the YoZonal i'htlanihntitl, commenced In IS'Jfl; the tnre?f* lor | ..bin he,I ,t Pi. vi.h t co K. I., by W lll.am GOOCWI, i tin l.ilnoif r, by Wnltatu I Jo yd r.arrWtu, at Ooa ti n. in 18.11, and Ihe Z.'mancipotw, in New York. 'lh< llist ubolltii n Journal ever published inthisclty w ii r the pros I lit Au. not </ ?'< mm fret, which was com mi n. d .-epteniher 1, ISST.by acompany of .-Uwkboldera, ihe 'iritK lp-1 of win 111 was the famous Arthur Tappan. II e following ixtracts fn m its prospectus, issued March ".'4 in'7, wdliufl eiently indicate th - Puritanical chirac ter of its authcrs nnd tbe general tone of ihe prij*T:? tn i repi-rg to add another 'lai y ps|*r to the number .lic il rublM ed m tlliacity, tbe nroheiora deem It proper to .tnii tb? mraautebas Uen Mltfiei b* <vly nor unadvlwdl.v ui I' rtsken V. I I f wtsd n- latelltgenee and rh?rsrt?r hava b..n eenanltid and witu one voice have rtcommvuded It* h'."iii I'Tr'nn we do, tliai the theatre la an v y.?t, u l cmoi.i TKo 11oven to ho loimifftl t?? moffmutf. ???' , , c ei n li tending to the d. .true'ion of our repuVUeaa U ii, or* ver i ni?n'. It la a part of onr deetgn to eielndafrw th.. - nl.ini* Of thr Journal aft ih-atri.al ? i be r*roi?t?ii* inltueree ol lo? teries being admlttsd oytM rraioilty oi Intel.tgem n ?n. and this opinto^idnciitlna wltli oer o* n ?ll lottery sdvrruaeine.its will also be etc^'ded. In on', r 'o avoid a violation of the Mabbata, l j the .etllng ol types, C"lle?ung of ahlp near*. A it. thai dai. the p?|*T on Mondty will b? l*?ued at a la erh i'ir than usual, but aa early as P,"iJ>'" after tbe ?nival of the mails, in tin*iwsyiIhe at.tliipaie by seieral hours a aousMetrabla P*rt loutaintd in th. evening pspen of Moaday snd the pa lie l s ot Tuesday, snd *11 also aire tbe slip news atHleetea Tiei tie pnidlrallon ol 'he oib?r nionnnK these views we a?h all who are frieodly to tia caaae of mo railty iu rncoiirag.ns our ondeitaking. mvrs sr-! t^irsKs: S^l^rfS ,he piospectns Of a new dany rommonW ]>sts i, to be called the hew Y o k ?/??>'? " Lerr '.aid before this meeting. u m tlie whirh It is enndiiced. sn.i cor?i??ltr rie. ?n pstreosce of all friends to goo<l inoralsanti 10 u ' currejubllcsBinsttintion?.^RTnl.R TAppAS, cfeainMUk. Jto> I^casoon. s?cretsry. ? . In if. !*'.? of 'Weber 30. IMS, we fird the follow,tg It apT?a?afiowsn^rtieje o^^e ./^^?| ^ Hannlngton. Tl. rv''" 'Jinmifrt"naie.?foi ttia nbolition of mavery (n thn OWaTjti c3m? la Swoot to be put la circulation In that "''ir ... fn-Hlrnt one, snd we hope itwiUnMiel . 'That t'oacreas l aeanaht to alKilish slaveiy In Jbaf/ns7rt?r?eem. i ? M nable, tbotigb we fear U will meet. - , a :. n,ei rt'. ?.ti'n. s?>*eryseusiii?0 an the slaveh .Idn* r. mnnndiy to every motem'etM re'stlng t'the sbolltlon? . .iT.n i< the isue time it would furniab to tb? sroilda braii'lf?'l'l'dge ?r their rtiieerlty if they wowid nulie wills Ue I or MaveSe ding States, and by a unanimous v??ta pro i sub fn <?l' ni Uitut* soul within sight of the cayitAj of Ibu fn aVv-rnme11 conld the,, .ay, snd the world would tl?i? idmit. fi?r ib*' th? folet of UjJ Bgsiait ?ls?ery, anil throw 1 sck upon tireat mncp ? hleb ia of right and Justice hei eiclo.l?e property. . Another of itt editorials t n November lo, isis ? W s are ail equally iotetested tn denii<?iish "? siste'iy. ardwe mi, as well ?0 ? It brlei Ky h,l?a .?Ini aiake ? ? nw... e ? ale our eainprise end tndiwry tn'O the ' PP< i. . e rrizv'fTD reform wm imncwi Thut under the ?.Mk of ??? J^frT )01tnilll for lheP^ np>r the io??a'intty b ihe couraaol iim? ,*.gM on of levolutionarj id.?? ( ^ |>ia , bar g s were made in tbe ow e^^ ^ |# < i f ol it? origiBsl rr< r . OT) r(,,i that cotton is morw (few latter da- ? 'I * ,h, rrfbre abandonisi out prnMable bjm ii .v l>0|A?...mbi, ewept when tU pb; t, I'ken redj*;jf,^j,t?.,ie,l lo the thape of r?ia.ag sub 1st th' opy ba?^ ?} ,,,-Kroes, or iweaehlug the htOe-flt* i,?",alN'n Of fiee Alt esns upon then native (?l? 0 *?", i ih> line' William I oyd banl??u n?a lo hla ap i ths nn. (( ^ i(| ,?rt,(|thtv ?nn ?r ,h , piurini or .?lM, well as in iwal alerniy. r.?'i v? O-1-iy rn-? - .1 ?!? men O, ,r; Vni"U. ue |? ^ ?>^ve ot Ma-,KhUNt?..