Newspaper of The New York Herald, February 2, 1861, Page 3

torvla. which would give sixteen free States against flf ItM slave States. Of course the whole South roM la trm against Um i Obnoequenn s of this disappointment. They would not ad- i ?U California, they declared that slavery dM ex tat in tho territories acquired from Mexico, that w aay ease the constitution of the lulled suu? would carry it there and nt It there; and that they would dissolve ihe Union Wllmot proviso became a law. In this state of attains Henry Clay, on the Wtn of Janu ary, brought forward In the Senate his famous resolutions of comprowme, and laid the basis of an adjustment which ?right have lasted till this day but for the repeal of the Missouri Compromise In 1864. Subsequently a Committee Of Thirte. u was iippolnted by the Senate, charged with the duty of considering all the subject*, of which Mr flij was appointed chairman. Ou the 8th of lUy, 1860, this eommlttoo reported a series of measures, differing bat inconsiderably from the original resolutions of Mr. Olay. Thefce were:? 1. The admission of California as a free State, according to the expresai onof the will of her people. 2. The establishment of Territorial governments, with nt the Wilmot proviso for New Mexico and Utah, embrac ing all the territory recently acquired by the United states frem Mexico not contained lu the boundaries of California. The question of slavery was left without any other restriction than the will of the people. 9. The establishment of the western and northern boundary of Texas, and the exclusion from her jurisdic tion of all New Mexico, with the grant to Texas of a pecu niary equivalent. 4. More effectual enactments for the recovery of fugi tive slaves. 6. Abstaining from abolishing slavery, but under a heavy penalty prohibiting the slave trade, Id Jhe District of Columbia. Separate bills were drawn embodying all the' B*? features of this compromise, and eight months haC^g been consumed in their dWcussion. tho two houses were at last brought to a vote ou each bill by itself. Th<3 Utah Territorial bill passed the Senate August 10, 1860, by a veto Of yeas 32, nays 18. The Texss Boundary bill the Senate August 10, 38(0, by a vote of yeas 30, nays 20. The bill for the admission of Califorcia passed the Senate August 13,1860, by a voto of 34 to 18. The New Mexico bill passed the Senate August 14,1860, by a vote of 27 to 10. The Fugitive Slave biU passed the Senate on the 23d of Awgust, I860, by a vote of 27 to 12. The bill abolishing tho slave trade In the District of Columbia passed the Senate September 14, I860, by a vote of 33 to 19. la the Mouse the vote on the several bills was:? yea*. Nayt. New Mexico and Texas boundary, Sept. 0,1860. .180 97 Admission of California, Sept. 7,1860 160 58 Utah bill, Sept. 7,1860 97 85 Fugitive Slave bill, Sept. 12,1860 loj 76 Slave Trade in District of Columbia, Sept. 17, '60.124 60 Out of Congress tho abolitionists were arousod almost to a pitch of frenzy by the passage of tho Compromise measures and the Fugitive Slave law. Immediately ad dresses were issued by thousands, which were -freely circulated in all the Northern States, counselling resistance to the law under every circumstance. Conventions wero held of whites and negroes, in which was proclaimed death to every slaveholder who attempt ed to carry out the provisions of the infamous enactment. The tide of runaway slaves from tho South, which had been flowing for so many years, swelled into a Hood. Where -one clave formerly mode a successful escape, scores made good their (light uow. New Knglttnd be came the goal of the fugitives, aud here they found friends without number, who furnished them with the means of extending their journey to the Cunadiuu pro vinces. One of the first and most successful attempts to resist the Fugitive Slave law was In Bostou, in April, 1851, when one Thomas Sims, who had escaped from Georgia, was taken in custody by the city authorities, on a war rant issued by the United States Commissioner. A mob was the result. The military was called out, aud for several days the most intense exc.lenient ensued. The law- dually triumphed, however, aud amid the cry of "Sims, preach liberty to your fellow slaves," ho was put on a steamtug and s< nt where he belonged. Shortly alter this a meeting was called by the Vigi lance Committee, which was provided over by Hon. Horace Mann, when Anson Burlingame, Henry Wilson, Remond, Higguuson and several other negroes appeared and made denunciatory si>eechcs ag.iinst tho law and in favor of the resolutions, which proclaimed the necessity of resistance against the act to the uttermost. On September 11,1861, occurred tho celebrated Chris tiana affair. Edward Gorsuch, of Mary land, his sou and a party^of friends, accompanied by a United States Com missioner, appeared in the neighborhood of Christiana, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, in pursuit of a slave. An attack was made u]x>n them by negroes, and both father and son were killed. The United Slates marines were ordered to the spot, and for several days the place was under martial law. The slavo, of course, escaped. We might also refer to the rescues of Shadrack, Authony Burns, the slave Jerry at Syracuse, and similar incidents that occurred in various parts of the Northern States: but the circumstanoes are most of them too recent and faml 11Mr to require more than a passing allusion. It is only necessary to say that this kind of agitation? resistance to the laws aud disturbance of the poace?has been a part of tho tactics of abolitionists down to the present moment. They have never allowed an opportu nity to pass of showing their utter disregard for law and order, and of interposing every obstacle in the way of those whose sincere desire it is to promote tho peace and prosperity of the country. The broezo has becomo a galo, and the gale has swelled into a tempest, under tho in fluence of which the mind of the whole North has boen lashed Into fury. THE REPEAL OF THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE, AND FORMATION OF THE TKRR1TORIAL OOVKRNUENTg or KANSAS AND NEBRASKA. It wm reserved for the years 1853 and 1864 to be a po rlod of agitation?revived under tba auspices of such men as Stephen A. Douglas, Franklin Pierce,' Jefferson Davis, Caleb Cuahing, David Atchison and others, politicians in tent upon the Presidency?-an agitation unrivalled in the of the country. The new danger came up in the shape of a proposition to establish a Territorial government in Nebraska (then embracing Kansas), a Territory which, with Missouri, originally constituted the upper part of the province of Louisiana, acquired from the French in 1803 by tho pay meat of 60,000,000 francs. As early as Pec. 11, 1844, Mr. Douglas gave notlco to the House of his intention to Introduce a bill for this purpose, which he did on the 17tb Instant following. Af ter being favorably reported upon, it was referred to the Committee of the Whole, where, owing to the importance of other measures pending, It was not again acted upon during the session. on the 16th of March, 1848, be introduced a similar bill, and again it met with a similar fute. In the Senate, In 1868, Mr. Itodge, of Iowa, early introduced a resolution, which was passed, instructing the Committee on Territories to inquire into the expediency of organiz ing the territory. but no further action was taken upon it until tbe House of Representatives had passed its Mil or that purpose. On Itecember 17 th* petition of Mr. ? Ontlirie for a seat as a delegate from Nebraska wm re ceived and referred, and on February 2, 1863, the Com mittee on Territories, through Mr. Richardson, of 111., their chairman, reported their bill for organizing Nebras ka, which, after throe days consideration, was passed on the 10th by a vote of 08 to 4X. It was silent on the sub ject of tfes repeal of the Mtssosrl Compromise. The Senate received it the next day, and on the 17tli Inst, the Committee on Territories reported it without amendment. On the 3d of March, 1863, It was laid upon the table. In tho debate which immediately preced<-d this disposition, Senator Atchison, of Missouri, openly avowed the ground of his opposition to be that the law excluding slavery from the Territory of I/mlsiana, north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes would be enforced in tho new Territory, ''unless specially rescinded." He did not appear, howev er, to entertain any hope that this desirable object could be effected. He said ho should therefore oppose the or ganisation, unless the whole South could go Into tbe Terri tory with rights and privileges(respecting property, *qual ,to other people of the Union. The idea of a possibility if a repeal of the Missouri Compromise was thus, for the rat time, thrown out and left to take root In the mind* . c" the nation, with the chance of growing up to perfec 1 >n. Even the most ultra among the Southerners re garded this as a thing rather to be hoped for than rs ,allied. On the 4th of January. 18ft4, Mr. Douglas, from the Onmmittee on Territories (whioh consisted of Messrs. Douglas, of Illinois, Houston, of Texas; John son, of Arkansas; Bell, of Tennessee; Jones, of Iowa, and Kvsrett, of Massachusetts), to whom had bwn referred tbe bill of Mr Dodge, re ported back tbe same with amendments and a report which fontained the first open, an<l as it were olTlcial, de claration of the impending coup d'ehat This report as sumed ss Its basis that the compromise acts of 18M), which, it will be recollects, leave to tlie people of the Territories to decide for themselvos whether or not thero shall be slavery in their midst, were the supreme, au thentic law of tbe land The Missouri Compromise was recited and put aside as immaterial, because it oame in collision with this latest legislation and adjustment of the question. This perpetual prohibition Mr. Douglas proposed incidentally to repeal by the following provision in the bill:? And when admitted as a Stale or States the said Territory, or any ration of the ?ame, ahall be received In the Union with or without slavery, aa their constitutions may prescribe at tbe time oi theli admission. later in tls same month the same committee submit ted an amended bill by which two Territories?Kansas snd Kebrasku?were to be created out of tbe domain In question. On the 22'1 of January Me?prs. Chase and Sumner, of the senate, and Messrs.* Olddings. Wade, Dewttt and t?er rit Smith, of tbe House. Hailed a stirring appeal to the people of ths United States, urging and imploring instuit action to avert the pending calamity. This was circu lated over the whole country, and aided not a llttlo In adding fuel to the already furious flame of excitement. The dkx nssion of the bill in the Senate was continued from time to time through January. It swallowed up all other Interests and was the absorbing topic throughout the oonntry The vote wa* Anally reached ?t Ave o'clock In the morning of March 4, when the bill passed the Senate by a vote of thirty-seven to fourteen. Fourteen of the rotes in l<s favor were given liy Senators from the free states, and two of those against It tiy Senators from tlie slave State*?Messrs. Houston, of Texas, and Pell, of Tennessee On the ltth of Marrh Mr. Fverett presented the famous mammoth memorial, signed by 3.050 clergymen of New >>"{land, protesting against the pisssge of the bill. vic bill was broi.ght up In tho House ol Ropresenta ',s* on the 31st of January. 18M. The debate upon It was cloned on the lnih of Miy, 18R4, and on the 221 of May, 1*64, It |?Sfed the House by tho following vote ? yeas, 118; nays, 100 Tho vote of the Senate on tho final passage of ine bill was, yi*s. 36; nays, 13 On file unit! Of December, w,4, the Hon. John II. Whitfield. del? g <te elect from the Territory of Kansas, was m orn In and admitted to a seat In thoHonss. It was alleged thai his ebctM-n lu?d been carried by an Importation of Mlssourians Into the lerrltory, but i,o contest waa made on his rl^M and he held his position during the remain dcr of tbe Thirty third Congress, During the recess between the 4th of March and the lot of I*crmf>er. 1866. tbe history of Kans.is wssmarked by tfcs most exciting ereuta Tho r?ml of the scat of goveruaaeat by the Territorial UgMature tram the place winch had been lued bj Governor Reeder wilh deemed by the latter to have made v .id ,<ibinitio, all acta enacted by twin subsequent to such removal, on the ground "at tbe power to locate tJbe same wee verted in bias alone. .k fI'e Sut*! P*rty basked up Governor Reeder, while the pro slavery party, aa they were respectively called, endorsed tie action of the legislature. Oovornor Reeder was in the meantime removed from office. The free State party met at Big Springs and resolved to repudiate the acts of the Territorial legislature and or ganise a state government. A Convention was accordina ly railed and held by tin in at Topeka, on the 4th Tuesday of October, framed what was called the Topeka Conven tion, and get on foot a v ta'e government which soon ciuso in conflict with tbe regularly constituted authorities, and resulted in the indictments against the former for trea son, whu.n followed, Meanwhile, finding opposition to the principles o* tho KuDb&M Nebraska act unavailing iu Congress and under the forms of the ? onstitution, combinations were entered into at tho N'i>rth to ccotrol the political destinies and form and regulutc the domestic institutions of these Ter ritories throi'gh the machinery of emigrant aid societies, by which uieana largo numbers of persons were for wurdtd to the debatable ground, lu order to give con sistency to the movement an<l surround it with the oolor of legal authority, an act of Incorporation was procured from the Legislature of Massachusetts for an association by the name of tho Massachusetts Emigrant Aid So ciety, the ostensible purpose of which was to enable emigrant* to settle in the West. It was a powerful cor poration, with a capital of five millions of dollars, in vested 11j uoufii'8 oiid lauds, in merchandise and in ills in cannons and rifles, iu powder and lead?in all the imnle ?WMBOT art, agriculture and war, and employing a cor responding number of men under the management of du<?dois who remained at homo and pulled the wire*of tote immense political automaton. In a measure they suc needed. Thousands of these emigrants ponred into the TeTyjtoiy. nrmed with siiurpe s rules and the word of tiod, Sod aX'ated themselves wherever their votes were mutt necessary. The result might have been antici ?{ed. 1'nder the influence of inflammatory appeals 4 stung by the irritating threats of the free Stato men, the rrn'"' dltcnse indignation was aroused in the States near the Tw7't?rj' "f ^nsas, and especially in Missouri, whose domestic pe*T* tb"? ">e most directly endan gered. Counter movement ?<M1??fl,,',htly ensued. Bands of men came over the State border ~ appeared at ihe polls, and on both sides angry accusations 'allowed that the elections were carried by fraud and violence, in Ihe meantime suiutuenuj entirely unfounded or grossly tx ?fgeralod concerning events within the Territory "were I sedulously diffused through remote States to fend tbe flame of sectional animosity there, and ',lj?ro ! in turn exerted themselves to encourage trnd stimulate' strife w ithin tho Tcrrltorv. l'uring Hie Presidential campaign of 18flC Kansas mav be said to have been in a stato of civ 1 war. Life was nowhere sale. Aimed men espousing both skies of the question roamfd throughout the country commit'.iug de predations and atrocities su-h as find their equal only in the records ol suvage barbarity. Men, women aud children were murdered in their beds, and few could aver themselves either as free states men or pro-slavery men without danger if being shot down in the r tracks. It was during th:s period that tho famous John Brown. w<th his band. ma.l. ho appearance aud coinmencod tlnjne vi'lanics for which he ha a since met a juet reword upera the gallows. To return to Congress, however, on the 7th of April. 1866, a memorial of the Senators and Representatives of tbe so called State of Kansas accompanied by the eonsti tutlon adopted at Topeka, praylt g tho admission of the tame into the t'nion, was presented in the House of Rep retenfatives and referred. The Committee 011 Territories reported a bill to that efTert, which was rejected on the Esth of June by a vnt? of yeas IOC, nays 107 On motion of Mr. Barclay, of Pennsylvania, the ques tion was reconsidered, and the voto being taken on the passage of the bill, it was carried, by yeas 107, tiays 100, the above named gentleman changing his ballot, and ono Other voting aye who wvs not present before. The bill being brought before tho Senate, that body substituted for it a bill of Its own, which was returned to the House, where no action wis taken upon it. Several Other attempts were subsequently made in both the feuate and House, during 1860, to i>ass bills to authorise the psi pie of Kanrus to form a constitution and State government, but without success?ne ither body endorsing the act of tho other. On tho liwth of July, 1856, a bill reported by Mr. Grow, from the Committee ou Terrt >rie>' to annul" certain acts of the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Kansas,'' being before tho House, Mr. Dunn, of Indiana, moved an ain< ndment to the same, which substantially re-esta blished the compromise of ISiO. This was carried by a vole of 89 yeas and 77 nays. The bill reached the Senate, and a report up. n it wa<- made by tho Committee on Tor ritories on the 11th of August, 1850. recommending that it be laid upau the table, which was done, by a test voto Of 35 tj It On the 11th of July, 1836. the committee appointed by the House to proceed to Kansas and investigate all mat ters connected with ihe iVututrd election case between A. H. Keederand .lobi?\V. Whittleld, ouch or whom Claimed to have been elected a dclecato to Congress, made a majority and minority report, Messrs. W. A. Howard, of Michigan, and l>twl Campbell, of Ohio, af firming that everything connected with the Terrftorlal Legislature and the election of Whitfield was wrong- aud Mr Mordecai Oliver, of Missouri. affirming that every thing was right, and that Mr. Ileeder was not duly elect ed according to law. These reports were acted upon on tho 29th of July when Mr. Whitfield was declared not to bo entitled to a Scat in the House by a rote of 110 yea/? to 92 nays, and Mr. Reeder was likewise declared not to be entitled to a ?eat by a vote of 88 yeas and llil nays. <m the 1st of December, 1850, however, Mr. Whitfield, havitg again been elected a delegate, was sworn in by a vote of 112 yeas to 108 nays. The edict'of this agitation in Congress upon the people was Immense, and every power that could be brought to bear to influence tho result one way or another wai un sparingly employed. It was almost the sole hinge upon which, lor a time, swung the welfare of the country. The immediate admission of Kansas, with her free consti tution, formed at Topeka, was engrafted upon tbe re publican platform of 1850, and men wvre arraigned at the bar of public opinion and proved guilty or innocent by their standing with reference to this great question. Happily, however, the election of Mr. Buchanan threw oil upon the troubled waters, and with his Inauguration the country relapsed once more Into a state of compara tive quiet. Tbe predatory bands engaged in Kansas in acts of rapine, under cover of existing political distur bances, were arrested or dispersed, tho troops were with drawn , and tranquillity was once moro restored to the hitherto agitated Territory. On the first Monday of September. 1857, a Convention was called together by virtue of an act of the Territorial Legislature, whose lawrtil existence had been recognized by varionsenactmentsof Congress, to fraraeaconstitution for Kansas. A Urge pronortlon of the citizens did not I think proper to register their names and voto at the elec tion for delegates; but an opportunity to do this having been afforded, in the language of Mr. Buchanan, "their refusal to avail tliemselvts of their right could in no manner affect tbe legality of the Convention." But little difficulty occurred except on the question of slavery, and after an excited and angry debate on this subj.-ct. by a majority of only two, it was decided to submit tho ques tion of slavery to the people. This was the ramous 1/ecompton Convention. They adopted a constitution, and the form of submission was "constitution with slavery," or "constitution without slavery " A great many people were Indignant, because the constitution was made thus imperative, and more than one half staid away from the polls. The onstitu tion was consequently adopted by the party voting for it, with slavery. In that form it was sutmitted to the President, and the President submitted It to Congress. After a protracted discussion In both ho isos the admis sion of Kansas under that instrument wan defeated.and a compromise was adopted to submit the l^comp'oti constitution bark to the people, with the conditio^ , that if accepted they should immediately cotne into the I nion bv a proclamation of the President, and that, if rejected, they should wait until they had ninety tbreo thousand inhabitants, to be ascertained by a census. They rejected the constitution by some ten thousand ma jority. In the meantime, under the operation of the Ter ritorial legislature and the lecompton Convention acting In roiyunction with each other, the anti slavery elemonta rallied and elected an anti-slavery legislature. There were, however, bogus returns from two or three coun ties, which, If admitted, woild havo changed rtie Complexion of tho legislature into a pro slavery body. But these were cast out by Governor Walkor, and the Legislature wss thus left in the poas.?*.?n of the free soil patty. Alter the rejectio? of tbe Iseonrtoa constitution the Mople called another Contention which assembled at Wyandot aad adopted an anti slavery constitution. This tbey laid before Congress, and at the same time elected a legislature and a member of Congress, the legislature electing in turn two Senators, In anticipation of the ad mission of the State under the Wvandot constitution Tbe bill for the admission of the Stat* was takon up in Cong^ss during the present session and pissed, and on Wedn. sday, the roth of January, was returned to Con - gre*s with the signature of the" |>resident, thus forever setting at rt?t a question which has so long disturbed tho oountry. The following are the Stato officers of Kansas elected nnder the Wyandot constitution, and who will assume to admi.ilster the new Slate government? Ootwrwor?Charles Robinson, formerly of Massachusetts. Litutmanl Governor?J. P. R.iot. formerly of Connec ticut. StrrHary nf malt?3. W. Robinson, Torm?r\j of Maine. Trmtwrr?William Tbolen. formerly of New York. Auditor?George W. Hlllyer, formerly of Ohio. AWnnfsirfflif nf PulAic /ntfrnrtiorv?'w. R. Urimth, for merly of Illinois. Chirf JtiMuf?Thomas Kwing. Jr., formerly of Ohio. otic-f?Samuel 1>. Kingman, formerly of Kentucky, and Iawrenoe Bailey, formerly of New Hamp shire. In the Supreme Court, under tbe Bred Scott decision, the right has been established of every ciOten to take his pwpeity of every kind, including slaves. Into the com mon Territories belonging equally to all the States of the confederacy, and to have It protected Dtero under tks constitution. It Is hardly necessary to advert further to tflfe progress of the anti slavery element In Congress tbsn to merely recall the tumults e*clted at the beginning of every ses sion bv the election of a Speaker, and tbe constant ebb and flow of agitation upon the one absorbing theme which has at last, through the effort* of the sboTltlonists and 'heir sllles. come to be the single sentiment upon which hang suspended the destiny and hopes of s nation. In 1857 a state Convention sssemblen tn Worcester, Mass., "to consider the practice blllt v. probability and ex pediency of a separation of the tree and slave states. ' In the language of one of the orators, they fell that the time had come when they should - sever forever the bloody bond which united theni to the slaveholders, slave breeders and slave traders of the nation The meeting lound its spmiiatliiz^rs an I made concerts in ' very por tion of the N'nrth, and from that daylR th" present 1,.,,-^ been spr nding anions 1 ? > rtain ? las* th" following "-'ti'i incuts with which Wendell Phillips do?e<i on of Ms spei elieg - ... 11 the slaveholder loves the I njon, 1 hate it. Tho love of -o s;.Kiicious a tjrant is authority enough for my hate. If the slaveholder cling' to the 1 uion t ? in stmet. When they set horse- to run in the Rom?'> rac ? S< h at- a'"", hit-' a n'tle r'tvork . f pointed pi k\ that, the faster he po"? mak film run yet rn?t>T I would ?et the ? ,.u holder to runnier w Mi four m lii '? ? of sta ? 'or th , r !?? I'.s ; t ? ?!?>? tn 'L ' lo > ? ? e Mien, is otter words, is only another method of MttV natural oauaco kin fr?o play. I wo aid lak? dMra.tba dam of (to Union and lot loose the torrent at Wod'a own water courses, and, like every current, you ui-ty be ?ure It will clear every channel for itself " This has been the point, end and object at which Iho practical abolitionists of the country have aimed from the ?lart. V they have advocated a measure, Its purpose lias been dissolution If they have prevented the elo cution oftbe laws, tne pirtpoee baa been dissolution; i they have made war or made peace, or taken any stop during their unholy career, the ono end and object has been the overthrow or the government and the freedom of the slave, no matter what may be the cotiaeqooooe. The conventions of the abolitionist* are now held every year, and ibey have gathered about them a ga laxy of congenial followers? Black spirits ami white, Re<I bpirits anil gray? well worthy ol the cause they cxpoi.se. No stone re mains unturned that obetructs the .iec<>mpl?hment of their designs. Until of late their agents have circulated in every nook and corner of the country, and from Maine to Texas lhtt>e serpents of society have been dls tilling their veuoui arnoiig the people. Wo have soon the result within the pant two years in poisoned fami lies, executed slavi-8, a John Brown insurrection, and all the enormities which attend the movement of a hand of lufatuated individuulii who are spurred ou to deeds of de?perati?u by those who stay at home to preach that which they leave their deluded minions to practise. As a party they have become so strong that, Flavin* both the key Of officer and office, they can set all hearts To what tune they please. RELIGION AND WOUF.N. One of the principal agencies by which this extraordi nary revolution in the public sentiment of the North has been brought about is the Church. The history of ant! slavery In this connection, however, is too extended to admit of anything more than a narration of general facto. It is sufficient to say ih4t the abolitionisms have had the co operation of a portion of the principal religious sects of the free States ever since the year If 20,stnce which time their conferences, sessions, assemblies and meetings have boon the theatres of the most rancorous diacuBsion, abuivo debate and lrremodtablo discord. They have ruptved the Presbyterian, Methodist and Baptist churches, and divided into antagonistic parties the American Board of Foreign Missions, the American Home Missionary Society, Ibe Anierlsau Tract Society anil every other bonovolenl nrttauijjitioB which embraces within its scope of good the common country. ?btif prevented the dissemi nation of the Bible, the establishing of missionaries, the distribution of tracts, and interrupted all efforts that have been made for the Christian elevation of the slave or the welfare of the master. Instead of that footing of attach ment and devotion to the interests of religion which wr.s formerly felt, they are now arrayed against each other, two hostile bodies, whoso solo occupation is individual abuse, political harangue*) anil the profanation of the sacred desk. Personal holiness has given way to party spirit, and while men's hearts around them are Mazing with the carnalities of their own fallen nature, ministers have forgotten their vocation in preaching havoc, subverting the Scriptures and setting up as the God of worship the comfortable negroes of the South Their sentiment is: "If the Bible tolerates ulavery for an instant, away with it. And God himself '?if He sanctions his hell-born monster, even He is unworthy of respect." The black portrait of Southern slavery has b' en Inrii libly painted npon their Imaginations until the pure, solid, consistent religion of our forefathers no longer exists. These reverend I'ecksnifffi can hardly bear to look upon a Southern map without a feeling of re verge; they seldom look at a Bible without muttering a blasphemy, and cannot speak of the South and its insti VutloiB without letting out their dream of blood and de siie Witness some of their effusions. The Rev. Henry Wright, pastor of a Congregational church in Massa chusetts said:? W ho in the God of humanity? He la not tbe God of slavery, ne in not the God of Mo ten Stuart and Leonard Woods. ? * Sham*' on the nation, shame on it* politic*, shame on ita rell ron, shame on nueli a God. 1 acorn bira. He la not my God. will never bow to Uln shrine. My head ihall go off wllb niy hat when I lake it off to ?ue.h a God aa that. If the Bible sanctions alarery the Bible is a self-evident falsehood, an enrmy of nature and of nature'* God. The question la often put to me", would you believe alavery to be right If tJ?'d should di'rlare it rlghtr No! I would fasten the < lialn upon the heel of such a God, and let the mau go free. Koch a God la ? phantom. (Cheers.) The Rev. Daniel Foster, ono of the chaplains of the Massachusetts Legislature in 185.0?6, said:? lie food on that floor as an orthodox clergyman, but he would as MK.n exchange with the devil aa one of those hire ling priests? those traitors to faumaulty. The professed Church of Christ la false, and Its hireling priesthood unwor thy of confidence. The Rev. Mr. Gri*wold,of Stonington, said:? For the church which sustains slavery, wherever It be, I am ready to say I will welcome the bolt, w hether It come from bi-aven or from hull, which ?balt destroy It. It* pre* tension* to Chriutianuy arc the boldest effrontery and tbe vilest Imposture. The Rev. Mr. nowell eays, when speaking of the Bible arguments In behalf of slavery:? (live up my advocacy of Hb'.llilonY Never. I will sooner, Jonaa like, throw the Bible overboard, and execrate It an the HeMgatS I aleiidar, denounce God as a slaveholder, and bia annels and Aposlloa aa turnkeys and slavedrlverw. The Key. Mr. Blanchard, in a speech in tbe Detroit Convection:? Damned to tbe lowest heU all the pastors and cfaurehea of the South, aa they were a body of thieves,. adul terers, pirates and murdarera?that the Episcopal Methodist Church la more corrupt and profligate than any bawdy bouse In the Union?that the Southern ministers of that body are desirous of perpetuating slavery for the pur poses of drbaiicberr, and that every clergyman among them it guilty of enonniues that would sboek a savage. Tins same Rev. Mr. BUnchard, in a discussion In Cin cinnati, In 1846, in reply to Dr. Rice, who held tip to tbe abolitionists' Imitation the example of tbe "angel of the Lord who advised Ha gar, tbe slave of Abraham, to re turn to her master," said'?" Well, If the angel did ao ad vise her, 1 think he was a ruffian." We might quote sentiments like tho above ad Wntum: but these are sufficient (o show tbe drift of a portion, at least, of the clerical mind at the North. What has born the influence of these clerical fanatics? They have contributed to the formation of revolutionary societies, throughout the length and breadth of the land, and Invited all men to Join in the holy crusade. Appeal ing to their congregations, they havo worked with non led phrase and flattering caresses upon the tender imagi nations. of women until they have learned to look upon a slaveholder as a sort of moral monstrosity. Sewing par tlee have been turned Into abolition oJubs, while little children in the Sunday s< liools have been t.iu?lit that A. B. stand? for abolition, from books Illuminated with graphic insignia of terror and oppression; with pictorial chains, hanacutte and whips, in tbe act of application to naked ;>tu (pouching slaves, lhls latter remark is truer of the >e.</than the preaent generation; but we see the iulluei^irctind us ia the millions of young men now constiU/iing the bulk of tho republican party, who may trace nieir opinions upon tbe question of slavery to the early prejudices thus acquired. John Randolph, of Roanoke, once said, "that tbe worst government on earth was a government of priests, and the next worst was a government of women." There is little doubt that If the present movement goes on, we shall have a government of both priests and females. AM the revolution of France ww hurried forward by the fish women of Paris, many of tho horrible atrocities of that time being perpetrated by them, so the same misguided spirit urges on the women of the preecnt day, until they have becorae^not only regardless of the human suflorlng which may result from their course, but of the inevitable tendencies of their influence towards the overthrow of tbe government Itself. Half the homes of the North are thus turned into perfect pan demoniums of discimeior^ Breakfast, dinner and tea are made the occasions of famllv debate, and the sweet mor sel of nigger Is as lovingly rolled under their tongues ss if be was one of the nec? snary aids to a healthy digestion. Simr of these women edit newspapers, write book.0, peddle traits, deliver lectures, and constantly, In one shape or another, keep themselves notorious In the public prints. One of the most effective of these femlnino off spring? ever brought ta bear upon the puMtc mind was " T'ncle Tom's Cabin a story which or iginally appeared In the XcUi"nal Era at Washington in 1862, was afterwards pubiiabed in a book, and soon created aa extraordinary excitement on both sides of the Atlantic. No other book ever passed through so many ed itlona, either In America or Europe. It has been translated into most of tha Conti nental languages, and placed upon the stage in a dramatic form in almost every elty of the Union. It served its pur K What truth could not accomplish Action did, and ?let Beecher Stowe has had the satisfaction of throwing n firebrand into tbe world which has kept upa furio us blase ever since, others have rollowed In her wake, but their success has been more moderate, making proselytes by hundreds wbere she made them by tbousnds. Among the publications of a more recent date Is that of ninten Rowan Helper, on the "Impending Oriels," which api>eared in 186h, tilled with the most ultra aboli tion doctrine* that could be accumulated, and received the endorsement of the principal leaders of the republi can party It thereafter became the Shibboleth of the (irxaniiation. by w hich its mmnbers have sworn, and the standard by which Its principles have since been mea mired. . While it is a work intrinsically false and worth less. yet being the production of a Southern man, it had n fictitious value in the eyes of tbe Northern fanatics who were only too glad to use It against the people of the South. Contemporaneous with the excitement produoed by this book, and partially growing out of It, was THE ItARI'KR'fl MERRY INBCRRRCTin*. The facts are brie8y as follows:?On the 17th of Octo ber, I860, the country was startled with the announce ment that a party of armed men, whites and blacks, had entered the villafe of Harper's Kerry, Va., taken posses sion of the United Plates armory at that place, shot two or three wlul<*. pi iced guards on'the railroad bridge and stopped the |>asecnger trains of tbe Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Tbe lYesident promptly despatched a detachment of marii.mto the srot. The insurrectionists were found to number about twenty white men and negroes, under the leadership of the notorious Kansas free State man, John, or OiaawatMDte Brown. After some time xpeut in par ley, made for the purpose of anving a number of promi nent citizens who were held prisoners by Brown within the enclosures of the United states Armory, the marines msdc sn attai k. beat down the gate*, ami took all who were not killed prisoner". Among the latter Was Brown himself, w ho had received a number of severe wounds, llrown confessed that his object wss to I.derate anil run off all the slaves In the ad Cdoing counties In Virginia and Maryland. At a farm onse wfcii h ltrnw?> had hired a few mile* from Harpsr's Kerry, were found ammunition and irms, consisting of a large number of sharp's rifles, revolvers, pikes and other implements of war. together with s great amount of cor resjH.ndenee cor-tsling of tellers of Oerrlt Smith and ? red. In liflsas. Ituring the whole affair there were killed t?n of the Insurrection!its. Six ctti*?n? and one United St ites mar p*, and a number on l oth sides were wounded. Brown . '?'lnd pu)ty of t re-,*>n md t"nspir#ey twins', ih "sited Mates CD o.c 2'! %f N?*e?l>*r, wn sentenced to be bung, which sentence was earned Into e fleet on the 2d of December. 1859. THE END. We have above given a Utile of the Dumber of Slavs in the United State* in 1790. It waa then 807 ,090. The following id a similar estimate for Ibo year I860, at) de termined by the seventh census:? 1 New Jersey 222 2 Delaware 2,1*90 3 Maryland 90,808 4 Virginia..., 472,628 6 North Carolina 288,548 0 South Carolina 384,984 7 Georgia 880,082 8 Florida 3V.309 9 Alabama 342,892 10 M:ss1>tippi 309,878 11 Louisiana 244,800 12 Texas 58,161 13 Arkansas 47,100 14 Tennessee 239,480 16 Kentucky 210,981 16 Miffourl 87,422 17 District Jf Columbia 3,087 18 Utah 20 ToUl 3,204,347 Adding to this sum thirty per cent, a fair estimate of the merrase for ttm la*t ten years, and wo havo in 1800, 3.905,051 slaves in the United State*, or four milium* in rinimi numlrrt There were in the United States 347,525 persons owing glares. Of this number two only ownod 1,000 each; both resided in South Carolina. Nine only owned betwten 500 and 1,000, of whom two resided in Georgia, four in Louisiana, ouo iu Mississippi. Fifty-six owned from 300 to 500, of whom one resided in Mary land, one in Virginia, thiee in North Carolina, ouo in Tennessee, one in Florida, four in Georgia, six in Loulsl ana, eight in Mississippi, twenty nine in South Carolina. One hundred and eighty seven owned from 200 t'J 300, of whom South Carolina had sixty nine, Louisiana thirty Bis. Georgia twenty-two, Mississippi eighteen, Alabama sixteen. North Carolina twelve, live other States four teen, and four States none. Fourteen hundred and seven: ty nine owned from 100 to 200. All the ilavebolding States, except Florida and Missouri, are reprosentod in this class, South Curolinahaving one-fourth of tho whole; 2fl,733 |?rsona owned from ten to twenty slaves oae.h. Kuth Carolina, from this statement, owns more slavew In proportion to her jiepulatioo than any other Rate in the South. With this ?tatemert wc conelude the chronological his tory of abolitiouiNii), The Banner State of the South. in* thoi'bus ok sorni cakolina to okt an KN81UK. Among the many measures that have exorcised the wis dom of the South Carolina legislature recently, is one on the subject for the adoption of a u*tioual or Slate flag. About one week after the passage of the secession ordi nat.ee the South Carolina Legislature adopted a flag of the following description;? ground, the centre star the larger one; a white palmetto tree anil cresoent on the upper right hand corner, and the comer spaces, including the ground on which the pal met to and crescent arr placed, of red. Od the 26th or January the Legislature repealed tho first resolution adopting a State (lag, and sulmtltutcd another one. The following cm will give an Idea of the appearance or the new ensign ? The field Is dark blue. Upon the upper inner corner of the Sag la Use crest ent, in white, the horns pointing up ward. In the middle of the flag is an oval, in white, em blatoned with a golden palmetto, upright. The subsequent day tho Legislature rescinded the so coed resolution, and substituted the following ? H now consists of a blue lieid, with a white palm -tto tree In the middle, upright. The white crescent in the upper flag stall corner remain* as before, the horns Dilut ing upward. Whether these shifting* and change* in the legislature of the miniature republic are ominous or indicative of the character of Its statesmen or policy we cannot at present divine. It strikes us, however, that the vision of the stars and stripes of tho Union, which huve proudly waved over our country for seventy year*, is still Impressed in tho imaginations of the legislators of South Carolina, and that, notwithstanding their new flag*, made up with combinations of snakes, palmettos, half moon." and fif teen stars, they will not be content until they re unfold the flag with tbi/ty-four stars and thirteen stripeo The Jaekalow Case. Trjwtos, Feb. I, lHfil. The .lackalow trial for robber}- on the high seas wus closed to day. Colonel Cannon finished a mo?-t able argu ment on the part or the government. The Judge charged the Jury very clearly and ably. He said the Jury had hut two points to consider?the first and second counts, charging Jaekalow with the rob. bery of the Leets, and by force, of gold and silver coin, bank bills, and one coat; and on the second count of taking the ooat. If the robbery was an afterthought after the murder, it would be nothing more than larocny. If the murder was committed with the intention of taking the goods, then it was robbery. If they found the prisoner guilty, then they must also tlx the locality of the robbery. The Jury went out at Tour o'clock. The Jury have not .yet agreed. The court stauJs ad journed to ten o'clock to morrow morning Tin- Ureal Western Hallway Truffle. Hamhdn, C. W., Jan .11, 1M1. An unprecedented amount of through truflic si begin ning to pas.* over the Great Western Railway from St. Ijouisaud other Western and Southern points, caused to a great extent, it is understood, by the secession troubles. The Crest Western Railway ha? ample stock anJ facili ties. and was never in a better condition for doing a large business. Arrivals sad Departaresi arrivals. Lrr?ppoot ?Hteamship Arabia?I* Keemean, P Chatle?Ai?,? Mr Husk, Mr* .1 R Hart, Mrs A Henderson, Mr MeCrei-ry, Mr Stesart. Mr Rerrv. Mr IMgrrton *nd dausbtrr, Mr M"jrei helm and lady, Mr Mercure and lady, Mr Mshon. lad.r and infant. Mi Uiillat and !adv. Mr Bell. Hon John Rom. Mr Daniel, Mr Fell* Herd, Mr" Whipple. Mr Hielierf, Mr M<>ret, Mr Parharsrh Mr Verdi>ret F Srhledt. Mr Wln?or, Mr Palmer, A McLean, Mr? Rail I, Mr Dnnbani. Mr Melliaa, Mr Metahtmlr, Infant and nurse; Mr Thimphu. Mr Hll?er, Mr Mutton, Mr .*haw, Mr Roving. Mr Horn. Mr iloda?n and filend, t? Rtewat, Mr Lamb. Baron Rternbere and friend. Mr Wuhaidiam, Mr lltipont, Muster Vartinei. Mr New ham, Mr Wnterbnrv, JnoHmlth, Mlas F. O Corner. MrJares, Jacob .labes, Thos (JulUe and wife, Ttaoa IJaah?Total. 61. Ckari i stos?Steamship James \dger-~,T W Deforest, R B lenksji J Wbitten, W Pollock, Mrs ha Coi and child, Mis Skillies, MUa Skillins. .tas and Id tfklllin*, A Mark, I'lli!o Andrew*, Anio Th"ina?, R \\ Kings and. P M*>dy, Miss A D Loper.A Hcrtmnd ReM, L N lleiiaoauast. .1 * ll?y, () At Charles. weoRMnnr?, At>rahain t/evl, AMH*nlan ("apt Ajry, I' Ttujripeon: S Thompson Mr Mpsin. child and ?ervant? 8A on deck, II free co ?rid. R?i l*s, Hon?Hark Pallns?Thomas t'nanne VisiiiMA- Stmnflilp Torktown- Miss Mnrv Camp, L S Treat. Wm tirtflin, IITC Peters, Ml?s I, Ruaeiilierg, ('apt R l> C Ord, I'm, ladv, tc.iir rbildren and nnrno II smith. Mr< srpenter, L>i Aicoft. Wni ll< rrlngton- and 0 In the ?teer?ge THE REVOLUTION. INTERESTING NEWS FROM THE SOUTH. Warlike Reports from Charles ton* The State Forces Prepared to Attack Fort Sumter. An Officer of the Navy Treated as a Prisoner of War in Florida. THE SCHEMES OF THE SECESSION LEADERS. The Efforts of the Republicans to Destroy the Government. More Revelations Respecting the Plot to Seize tiie Capital. DEBATES IN CONGRESS ON THE CRISIS. Anti-Secession Speech of Mr. Hamilton, of Texas. A LOAN OF $25,000,000 CALLED FOB, Ac., Ac., AC IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON. AN OFFICER OP THE NAVY ARRE8TBD BY TUB FLORIDIANS. Wjtxm.vdTO!*, Fi'b. 1, 1861. I.icut. James Jewett, United Statci Navy, of Kentucky, arrived here lust evening from Pensacola, and in conse quence of the peculiar circumstance under which he left that city and made the transit of the State of Florida-, he made haste this morning to call upon Senator Crittenden, and report the facts to him and solicit his advice. It appears that as soon as it was known that Lieut. Jcwett was about to leave I'ensacola tho State authori ties of Florida ordered him to he arrested, and would not permit him to depart uuleBS upon his parole of honor that he would never take up arms against the State of Florida. The document was duly drawn and presented to tho Lieutenant, who accepted it as the only means of escape from imprisonment. Without this document ho could not bave passed through the State. Senator Crittonden, upon hearing of such an outrage being perpetrated upon a gallant son of his own State, be came quite indignant, and advised Lieuteiuint Jewett to proceed at once to tho Secretary of tho Navy and report the facts, which be did. What action the fedoral autho rities will take in relation to the matter is not yet known. THE PLOTS OP THE SECESSIONISTS TO BREAK UP THE GOVERNMENT. Washington, Feb. 1,1861. It is in evidence before the House Select Committee on Treason, that a variety of plans have actually been (11s cussed by those in the South wbo havo been determined for years to break up the Union. First, it was belinved that a convention of the two houses could be prevented on the 16th itist., when the votes for President are to bo counted, thereby avoiding a constitutional count of the electoral votes. Second, to prevent Mr. Lincoln from coming here by atSMsinat ion, or some other moanc. Third, to take the Capitol by violence and prevent his inaugu ration. It is the testimony of several witnesses that these plant' were all Beriouxly discussed and abandoned, upou the theory that It would be within the category of crimes punishable with death in the Union, and would not in the end accomplish the tibject the dissolutionists have in view. After a full canvass of the whole subject It was finally decided to resort to the plan of secession, which was Immediately initiated by South Carolina. Efforts are now making to Induce every State south of Mason and Dixon's line to secede, and the most extra ordinary Uifluences are being brought to bear upon the delegates to assemble In Virginia on the 4th inst. to carry that convention in favor of secession, (t is believed by some that a majority will so vote. This is the great point the secessionists hope to gain, because if Virginia votes against secession thore is no hope or carrying Maryland, and without the latter j States there will be no such thing as eflccting an organi zation to take the Capitol. One of the principal actors In perfecting the secret organization in this city testified yesterday that this is the real state of the case. He said there was no intention of making any attempt to take this capital unless Virginia and Maryland seccdee; but ho acknowledged that if those States go out his organization would join Maryland and do their utmost to take Washington. In view of the supposition that Virginia will vote In Convention on the 4th iust. to go out of the Union, which would precipitate action In Maryland, General Scott, backed by several members of the Cabinet, is in favor of making a more formidable demonstration to protect this this city from attack, and thinks the 1 "resident ought to call upon the States for volunteers. The President Is opposed to this policy, unless ho has changed his mind this afternoon. The fact that ho Is opioi d to calling upon the States for troops, create* a good deal of alnrm in many quarters for the safety of the city. H may be asked how the President can cill for volunteers when there is no law authorising him to do so* The answer is, that there is a bill in the House giving him the power to call upon the States, which will pass the moment it is known the President will not veto It. It Ik charged that the secessionists are doing their utmost to prevent the I "resident from signing such a bill. Gen. Scott's tflea of preserving the public peace here, 1 and securing the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln, is the same as that lirst suggested in the Hkkaiii weeks ago, to call upon the States and prrcurest least sixty thousand troops. | It remains to be seen whether the President will bear to (Jen Scott and the members of his Cabinet, or tbe seces sionists, who arc doing their utmoet to break up the go vernment. The difficulty in regard to tbe reports about taking thla city by the secessionist* is divided into two distiuct classts. They are both misleading the people, one In credulously or ignorantly, the other intentionally. The former class are misled by the Ingenuity of the latter, and tbe prers of the country is sought and employed as the most powerful ejrglne to deceive the people. All tb? leading presses of the co-ititry to-day contain announce ments that there is uo cause for apprehending an attack ui>on Washn gtoti ant men have asserted within twenty four hourt, to my knowledge, thut there is not a particle of evidence btfore the select committee of the House to warrant tbe belief that any conspiracy exists, or th*t any organization ha? been * formed to aid in destroy log the unity of the St.ites. In the face of this extraordinary suit,' ment, It is well known that the man of all othots who has accumulated more information about the conspiracy against the capital wfien < ailed as a witness and asked by the committee to tell what he knew, replied, like a true man and soldier as he is, "Gentlemen, I cannot aaswer your questions without violating private c >nddence and doing great Injustice to the public service." The com mlttee then withdrew their question. Ttiis witness stands Rs near to General Scott in this crl?is, and has as much of his confidence, as any othor gentleman in the army. Whatever he knows General Scott Is aware of and acta upon, but could uot swuar to himself. The subordinate officer was then called as a witness, and "private confidence" and ' 'Justice to the public, ser vice'' forbid bini opening bi? mouth. Hence nothing finds its way to the committee's record, and it is forth with proclaimed to tbe country that uo evidence exists to show tho existence of a conspiracy. The lt\)ti*tlce of such a conclusion i-< evident. The very fact that General Scott remarked, after leaving the committee room, that If the people of the District knew half a-* much he about the attempt to take the capital, they would net rert so quietly tinder tba bel'ef tbnl tiers m no danger, shewn thai he wm aware r.f fact* thai he could not tell tbe < omm ttee upon his oath. Resides, I is considered among miliary m< n au out/ago to call a military chieftain liko fleoeral Scott before a little committee of tive rn.n elected us n.er? politicians, and w ithout reference jo a iris's like tbie, and ijuektiou hiiu aoout tim know leJge of the tactics of the enorny. TTo nhaii see what wc Khali pee. Two inoro companies, known as foot artdicry, bat act. lag as infantry. arr<vcd thin morning, making leveo hundred troops now tiere. There aro three, batteries here now, consisting uf t .ghty mi n and six pie. oh each; four six pounders ?nd two twelve-pound howitiers. Mi re companies will arrive iu a day or tw", increasing the t<it.i' number within (ho limits of tho city to about i no thousand men, wIim'Ii embraces one of iho finest corps of suppers and miuers in the world, judging from their tecord in Mexico. Orders have just been issued for the enrolment of at' persons subject to militia duty in the District of Co lumbia. ULTRA REPUBLICAN SCIfEMt'K 10 DESTRO t THE GOVERNMENT. >V'a.-ui.ni.tu.v, Fob. 1, 1861. there is a gTeat contrariety of r. ports in circulation here and elsewhere, at* to whether Mr. Lincoln ha? written to any mends expressing sentiments favorable tJ an amicable and fair settlement of the present didlcul'.ta bi tween the sectkinK by making proper oonossinnn I > tho 8outh. 1 assert pobitjyely that the Prescient elec has written prtvatn letters to loading republi^itm urging a speedy settlement. lie docs not name any t>ortIou1&r mode or plan, but is earnestly in favor of an adjustment. Ho intimates that the border States propositions contain many ieatur- s thai are acceptable. From this fact, pro bably, has arisen tho reports that hn wax favorable to this latter proposition. It is believed hero Yj ukuiy ol bis friends that he would bo ontuely willing .n havo it adopted. Mr. Kellogg. of Illinois, who is supposod to reprnacnt and know the sentiments of tho President etoct, uitro duced to day resolutions embodying tho border btatea propositions. It is well known here that there aro a largo utimbci of republicans in both house , who are doing everything in their power to defeat a settlement of tho questions at issue between the sections. They aro fanning tho iocos sion Uaine by every moans in their power, usi.ig every argument to exasperate the (southern people, and drive the slave States out of tho Union. It is tho action of those men that has prevented and still prevents tbi more moderate and conservative republicans from ooqpiag for ward with the olive brunch of peace. Thiso ultr i repub licans are anxious, nay striving, to briDg a'>out u dissolu tiun of the Union, and it is theso bold, bad men viio aro exerting their baneful Influence to prevent a settlement. Washington, Feb. 1> There arc no new developments respecting allalrs at Char It .ton harbor and Pwuaenta. The impression among Southern men here is, that the message ?utJ0"^? by the President to be sent to Pen^coU u> the commoader 0f tho Brooklyn woule not be satisfactory to tho authori ties there, and hence it is anticipated that an attack may ut any moment be mado upon Fort Ptoken*. ... The President, up to eight o'clock thu evo.ung, had received no communication from Colonel lia, ? cause of the delay on tho part or tho .South ^rol.naOom uiissloner in sending tho ultimatum of th.u Slato id regard to For*. Sumter baa not transpired, no is m cou^ See with commissioners iron, other States as well ?s With several Southern Senators, who aro urging him to change it ho as not to give it the look ?l a demand on the part ot tho South Carolinians. Col. Hayno will probably not wait for .in answer, as bo is anxiowi turn to Charleston. _ Col. uel llayno has received his despatches fro,,, Gover-^ J, 1 ickens aud has proceeded to bring thop. ooe* Ing ot tho authority of that State for the vacation oHo? Sumter before the administration. There is a general deaJre among influential o asMO bring matters to a focus and an explosion as s-on as pofi ?ible \ vote on tho Crittenden proposition ,3 implored m order that the people may know tho exact fniper oi Congress on that measure. If it should fail, as it v.ry likely will, then a clear road will be open for tho action c- tho l'eace Congress, which assembles on tho While United States troops continue to arrive for the protect>n of the capital, implements of war are being forwarded henco to the seceding SUM. A number ol boxes purposed to cynlain warlike arliciw pM^ through this city to-day from Springiltkl, Mass., destined ^^0^. zander . criBig may be ascertained from tho following ^tZ which L submitted to the vuntion. and which were adopted:? Resolved That delegates this Convention Vo the \ p< 0. K,.br?;iry next, no Montgomery Ala.. on , ,t rrc0 conference iully w?lUi,rntrW may be sent J?* ceding Stales to said Congress, to unite with from other stceamg r immediate operation a them informing and putting ? for the common temporary or provisi- na g represented in said safety and defence of all th<i8W?tJf~rwnrnt not t ongress. such tempore > o P months from tho SSS^fiSSfflW vernm.nl of the 1 " ^^^y th.s Convention, in this the dolegatec so ai^ inted y ^ lul, ani, pteaary^ the delegate s from wid^ np'na plan of ptrru < constitution of the tut,on Of permanent government ??| ^ tmV, BUb mltlSl*nwroved ?d ratified ?y U??s Cmven'*?. The Southern papera aro studiously ?Uent respcctu-g the Peace Convention. . A pr< wit tb* nf 1,10 Ptcl jiUU? *???? ?rw" t?r, . , tinir it at evry step. The main objection urged m L tS. ???t ? '? ? *.;?*ii? u I s of 1 llM- to succor xitch an enterprise, however y!.^ . b. ? mor. , mrt |f passed It I* conjectured the President will veto the btli. on the ground that wh.le be advocates the measure as a bond of unity, ft wvll be utwlseto prosecute It while this country is In '? ditniemhermenl is immW^lfnot actual. Tho lacd.c lU.iroad, the President wii argue, is ? ">e.S'.re .n whic the whole 1'nion is concerned, not a part of It. The following extract or a letter Trom a d.stmgu^l citizen of Alabama has piat bom received here- We are out of the In Km. hut it is not according to the wtf ef the people of tho State if they were k.t ai-me, but they are deceived by their leaders. ' OUR WASHINGTON CORRESPONDS^. W.mntofo?, Jan. 30, iwn Tkf Ultimatum of South Carolina-Anting Amk.,r> F.rrt Sumttr?Prwptct of an Arrant***-Straws *y h^'hr Wind Blow* The Poriton tfP and the lUfrier Stato-TKe Cotuxuxoru to b- MaJt U> t South. <#c., <tr., <tc- . .? South Carolina's ultimatum is said to be the "'?rT"u,i of Fert Sumter; otherwise it Is to be as?iol^ A-? regular work, properly armed and onlv be red useable In one way?that is, by ac ... the heaviest pieces entrenched on the Cummings, which would in the end crumb ;; I,mount the guns, ,nd kill or rison. But Sumter has be op?o to an signed for Its defence and may ther raUl attack of a less regular rMUit. to life, must, if suCC.MuK e.d o W lmm? ,r, however, ^t the r-pects ol ^ra,,ch brt?^r V r we have Mr. Seward', speech-not by any means : . hat i he ?outh rtxtuires?for It ft a mere preli minary?but ftlil drawing w ,th d,.t nctn ?s a imo bo ,w^, n himself and Ike extreinietii, such sa I h.loeophor Gr?ley and declaring .11 party feeling subordinate to the L'nion. Secondly, there m Mr. Cnmerou s br,ef bi t Cl?ar stand in favor of Wgler s rt*olutions. and more than that, If needed. That is very Significant of the <et,sc ?f Pennsylvania, ?nd cannot ,-ontlict with the views Of the President elert for the Speaker is to be of Vr s council. There are other signs m other places, ,ndicat irg that the tone of the North >s ta l?e coociliatory. lthode Island has repealed her Personal I Iberty > Abolitionists are hooted down In Bnaton; and above all, the great masses will not tolerate resort, to fwer ?' " own noble First divislon-l.ston to their r-n.-nrtrmtc Bgainst s tender that might even savor of ooeroiou Well, then, what is ?h , to amount to' What wdl^ republican, conced, Tl e ^ akof of th ? Ho-.-e v ab bv Mr fV'rwis ? rerolnt oris, snd the M> ' so ' Ml?m, .h.' 1W f'P11' '???'~l- ' (etijrriKi'Ff rH PACK1