Newspaper of The Washington Standard, January 5, 1861, Page 1

VOL. I. IIE tmmm mmm —IS 1-vSUKD liVKUY SATURDAY MORNING RY — JOHN M. MURPHY, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. Subscriptiuii Kates: Per Annum s•' " .Six Months 2 00 Invariably in Advance. - Advertising Hates: One Sijunro. imc insertion !?.'! no Knelt additional insertion 1 no Itnsiness ('arils. per i|tinricr, 5 on pk-A" \ liberal deduction will lie inmlo in favor of those who udvvrlUe four stiunres, or upwards, liy tin.' year. Hfrj,! Notices of births. marriages and ileallis in serted free. Blanks. Hill Heads. Cards. Hills of Fare. Circulars. Catalogues, l*:niij>hlets. kite., executed itt reasonalilc rates. OKKICK— In Itarncs's Building, corner of Main nud First Streets, near the .-teaiii'ioat landing. taT All communications. whether on business or for publication .-hould lie addressed to the edi itor ol the WASHINGTON STANI>AKI>. The Birth of Green Erin. Wid nil eondeseiusliin, I d turn your attiiishin. To what 1 would miiishin iv Erin so green, And widhont hi'sitashin. I'd show how dliat naysliin. Became iv cteaysliln the gim ail' the Queen It happened wan nioriiiii*, Widhout iny wariiin', That Vayiins was born in the beautiful say, And he that same toUin, (An' share 'twas provokin',) Her pinions wur soakiu', nud wudn't give play So Neptune, who knew her. 1> -gaii to piirshuc her, In ordlier to woo her, the wirked owld Jew 1 An' lie Very nigh taught her Atop iv the witther, Great Jiipitlu r's daughter, who cried "Poolaloo! Itut Jove, til'' jjre.it jayiiiou.i, I.ook'd down an' saw Vayuus, An' Xiptune so haynions pur-diuiii' her woild, So he roared out in tuuilhcr lle'il tnre liini iisumllier; An' sure 'tw.is no wondlief fur tnzing liis tltoiltl So a shtitr tlnit wits fly in' Ari■ 1111■ 1 hint e»|iyin'. He (j:t/.i'i| willllll>■ ■ t sijrliin'. an' linrleit it liovlow, Where it tiimlileil luike winkin', While Nipt line WHS sinkin', An' gave him, 1 in thinkin', the brutli iv it blow ! An' cllint shtnr was ilhry lain!, Until lowland am' liiirlilaixl. An' furnicil a swute island, the laud iv me liirtli! Tliilst plain is me tdilury, 'K.isesint down from tflory, Tliat Krin so hoary 's n heaven upon earth ! Thin Vnynn«jumped natelv (In Krin so shtately ; Itut faynteil, k.ise lately so hother'd an' jirifs'd; Which her nuirh did hewildher, lint ere it li.ul kill .I li^r. Her father dishtill'd her n dlirop iv the lii.-ht! An' dhat glass so vietorious, ll made her feel glorious, A little uproarious I fear it luijrht prove. Ilinee, how ean ye/. Maine us That Krill's so favmous For beauty, an' murther, an' whUlikcr, nn love? EFFECT OK Mrsic ON TUB SICK. — The effect of music upon the sick has heen scarcely at all noticed. In fact, its ex pensiveness, as it is now, makes tiny general application of it out of the ques tion. I will only remark here, that wind instrument's, including the hu man voice, and stringed instruments, capable of continuous sound, have gen erally st beneficial effect—while the pianoforte, with such instruments us have no continuity of sound, has just the reverse. The finest pianoforte playing will annoy the sick, while an air "like " Nome, Sweet Ilome," or "As sisa n pie d un salice," on the most or dinary grinding organ, will sensibly soothe them—and this quite indepen dent of association.— Misn Nightingale. A TIIAVKLKH says if he were asked to describe the first" sensations of n camel ride he would say: "Take a music stool, and having wound it up as high as it would go, put it in a cart without springs and next drive the cart 2—lo over a cause-way forcibly reminding you of tearing corduroys into Fourth of July Orations, and you will then form some notion ofthe terror and uncertainty you would experience the first time you mounted a camel." ftf2T A bachelor's face, says Prentice, is often the worse for wear—a married one's for wear and tear. Hut Prentice jttones to the ladies when he says, "next to God we are indebted to women, first for life itself, and then for making it worth having." (6®" The richest man in Great. I)rit aiu is the Marquis of Westminster, whose annual income is about seven millions of dollars. "We see," said Swift, "what <!"il 11 ■ inks of riches bv the people to whom he gives them". < »<•«»!» ion TIIE SPIN ST!'. nn.—Xo man c in live piously, or die righteously, with out u wife—Kit-liter. tf-ZT" The linu'M friends ask thefvw t-t OLYMPIA, WASHINGTON TERRITORY, JANUARY 5,180], SENATOR TRUMBULL'S SPEECH. Si'iuxci-iian, 1 1.1.., Nov. 20, 185(5. The jubilee at Lincoln's house, in honor of his elevation, is one of the most splendid demonstrations of the campaign. Large crowds of strangers arrived on the trains. Springfield to night is a perfect blaze of light. A large "Wide-Awake procession, alter parading through the principal streets, drew lip in front of Mr. Lincoln's house, where an immense crowd had already assembled. Loud calls being made for him, he appeared in the door and was greeted witli long and contin ued cheers. When they at last ceased, he spoke as follows: FHIKNKS AND FIAI.ow CITIZKXS: l'lease excuse me on this occasion from making a speech. I thank vou for the kindness and compliment of tliis call. I thank you, in common with all others who have thought fit, by their votes, to endorse the Republican cause. (Ap plause.) I rejoice with you in the suc cess which has so far attended the cause. (Applause.) Yet in all our re joicings let us neither express nor cher ish any harsh feelings toward any citi zen, who by bis vote lias differed wiflt us. (Loud cheering.) Let us at all times remember that all American citi zens are brothers of a common coun try, and should dwell together in bonds of fraternal lccling. (Immense ap plause.) Let me again beg of you to accept my thanks, and to excuse me from further speaking at this time. The speech called forth the most un bounded enthusiasm, and numerous calls of "good," "that's right," &c.; and at the conclusion cheers were given for Mr. Lincoln, Mrs. Lincoln, Mr. Yates, &c. The crowd then adjourned to the wigwam, when Senator Trum bull delivered the following speech: FKI.I.OW CITIZENS : It is moot that Republicans should make iiioirv and ho triad, for tiio spirit of lihorty which with our rulors was dead, isalivo again, andthoConstitiition, ordainod tosooiiro its blessings, is found. In view of the recent political triumphs, Illinois Re puhlicans havo special reasons for con gratulation in common with their polit ical •brethren throughout the I'nion. They rejoice in the general result which seen res to the country a Republi can President, who, we trust, and be lieve, is to bring hack the government to the policy of the fathers, and thereby restore the fraternal feeling which ox isted-bolwcon the different sections of the country in the purer and better days of the republic. In addition to this they have the satisfaction of hav ing secured a Republican Legislature, and thereby a Republican United States Senator, and the } tower to enact the necessary laws to prevent, illegal voting, and to give to every part of the State according to population its proportion ate share in the legislation of the State. And more than this, we Illinoisians have special reasons to rejoice in the fact that the standard bearer in the great political contest, who has led the Rcimb lican hosts to victory, our is own fellow citizen, the pure, incorruptible, patri otic ami talented Lincoln, than whom the Constitution inall its parts has not a more faithful supporter, nor the Union an abler defender. But while we rejoice over a victory so complete, let. it not be by way of tri umph over political opponents, for we are all, by whatever name called, breth ren of a common country, and inter ested alike, in so guiding the ship of State through the boisterous waves of these tempestuous times as to bring it to a haven of peace and safety, leath er let us rejoice over the success of the principles we advocate, the maintain , anco of which we believe essential to | the preservation of our free institu ! tions and the perpetuity of constitution al liberty. >lr. Lincoln, although the candidate of the Republican party, as Chief Magistrate, will neither belong to that or any other party. When in augarated he will. In', President of the country, and I donht no/ trill he as ready to defend awl protect the State in which he ■ ho* not recriml a solitary rote against una encroachment upon its constitutional 1 rights, as the one in which he has revet red the largest majority. While they, by whose votes he has been designated as Chief Magistrate of the republic, will expect him to maintain and carry for ward the principles upon which he was elected, they know that in doing so, no encroachment will he made upon the reserved rights of any of the States ; they know that the federal government is one of delegated powers; that it it nan do nothingexcepttheautliority for the Act can he found in the instrument which created it, and that all pawers not conferred aro reserved to the States or the people of the States. Hence,; when ir n ,, l' t '' , al o/tpnncni"ch'irffi'il then) ' ii'illi abolitionism, or altrdmti >1 to them a <lt tire to inter/arc with slarery i the St<ih as some/(unities have insisted thei/ om/ht to (to, the rcjj/i/ has inrariabh/ been that the 2>eo/>te who made the Federal Govern ment did not think proper to confer oil it such authority, and it has therefore no more, ru/ht to meddle with slarery in a State than it has to interfere with serf dom in Jltissia. Xor are the people of the non-slaveholding States in any way responsible for slavery in the States which tolerate it, because as to that ques tion they are as foreign to each other as independent governments. I have labored in ami for the lican organization witli outi lU* confi dence that whenever it should bo in power, each am! all of the {States would be left in as complete control of their own affairs respectively, and at as per fect liberty to choose and employ their own means of protecting property and preserving peace an<l order within their respective limits, as they have ever been under any administration. Those who have voted for -Mr. Lincoln have expected and still expect this, and they would not have voted for him had they expected otherwise. 1 regard it as ex tremely fortunate lor the peace of the whole country that this point, upon which the Rep iblicans have been so long and so persistently misrepresent ed, is now to be brought to a practical test and placed beyond the possibility of doubt. It should be a matter of rejoicing with all true Republicans that they will now have an opportu nity of demonstrating to their political adversaries and the world, that they are nut fur iiih i ll I'IIII/ ii'illi l/n' doutenftc insti tutions of <llll/ of the Shift s, It'll' the tide u- C'lfiS OF NIXlltO Kyt'Al.irYXOU AMAI.CAMA •J'IoX, WITH WHICH I'OMTICAI. I>li.MA UOlit KS lIAVK SO OM:x CHAUUKD TIIKM. When this is shown a reaction will surely take place in favor of Republi canism. The Southern mind even will be satisfied, the rights of Northern men will be respected, and the frater nal feeling existing in olden times, when men from al! parts of the country went forth together to battle for a com mon cause against a common enemy, will be restored. Disunionists per se, ot whom, unfortunately, there have been a few in the country for some years, understand this; and are now in hot haste to get out of the I'nion, pre cisely because they perceive they can not much longer maintain an appre hension among the Southern people that their homes and firesides and lives are to be endangered by the action of the federal government. With such, "now or never" is their maxim, and hence they seek to inflame the public mind, by misrepresenting the objects and purposes of the Republican party, with the hope of precipitating the Southern States into a position from which they cannot, without dishonor, afterwards recede, well knowing that if they delay until after the new udminis trat ion is inaugurated and tested, it will furnish no cause for their complaint. Secession is an impracticability, or rather an impossibility. Tltc Constitution pror tiles no tray hy which a State may irilhtlrair from the I'nion—mi tray for the dissolution of the (furemment it cre ates. The General Government inter feres hut little with the individual rights of the citizens, except for protection. It is chiefly felt in its benefits and its blessings, not in its exactions. If every Federal officer in South Carolina were to resign, their offices remain vacant, and its Legislature de clare the State out of the Union, it would all amount to little, except to ineonvenicnco the citizens of that State; so long as the State did not in terfere with tlio collection of revenue on the seaboard, tho people in other portions of the Union would not bo in the least incommoded. What is the South Carolina army to do when raised ? Whom is it to light ? Manifestly, if it commences a war on the United Staites officers "engaged in collecting the reve nue, it becomes the aggressor. This would be revolution, and making war without a cause, for South Carolina makes no complaint against the pres ent revenue laws. Is she prepared to thus become the aggressor? The only use I can see for her Minute Men is that they will enable the people the more readily to suppress any uprising in their midst which their misrepresen tations of the purposes of tho Itepuh licans may have encouraged. She complains that the Fugitive Slave Law is not executed in somo of the States. Thin, if trite, the whole, country knows to be a sham: for so far as South Carolina is concerned, she is so situated that no stave can escape from her limits into free States. However much cause the bor der slave States may have to com plain of the escape of their negroes into the free States, it is clear South Carolina can have no such complaint. In her resolves she professes to be pre paring to defend herself against en croachments on her rights. Let her adhere to this policy, and not attempt to dictate to other States what they shall do, and no collision will occur, for no encroachment will be made. The disunion fouling in the South is doubtless greatly exaggerated. A sort of terrorism seems to prevail in some places, which tor the time appears to lu»v«» crushed out any manifestations of I'nion sentiment; but as the causes for tlii-s excitement are all imaginary, the election of a Republican President in the constitutional mode certainly affords no excuse. It is reasonable to suppose that a reaction will soon take place among Southern peoplo them selves, which will overthrow the disun ionists at home. It is a great mistake to class the supporters of Mr. Breckin ridge as disuuionists. His supporters, as a class, are, I doubt not, as sincerely attached to the Union as manv of those who, for political purposes, during the recent excited contest, sought to fasten on them the stigma of disunion. Should the conservative and Union men in any particular locality be unable to cope with their adversaries, and South Carolina or any other State, un der the lead of nullitiers and disuniou i-<ts, who have for years been seeking a pretext for breaking up the Govern ment, plunge into rebellion, and with out cause aSsail bv force of arms the constitutional authorities of the Union, there will he but one sentiment among the great mass of the people of all parties : "TilK Uxiox— lT MIST AX it SHAM. IT 10 I'ItKSKKVKD," and woo to the traitors who are marshaled against it! Should any Republican inquire what has been gained by the triumph of Re publicanism, J answer much. We have gained a decision of the people in favor Pacific Railroad ; a Homestead policy: a judicious tariff; the admission into the I'nion of Kansas as a Free State; a reform in the financial department of Government; and, more important than all, the verdict of the people—the source vt power—that the Constitution is not a slavery extending instrument. No more Dred Scott decisions will now be made. Freemen, both of the North anil South, will hereafter be protected in all their Constitutional rights. The policy of the Government, as of old, wil! set in favor of freedom, and not for the supremacy of slavery, as has been the case for the hist six years. Free dom will henceforth be the law of the Territories, because the people, in their majesty, have so ordered, und neither Courts nor Congresses will be able to thwart their will. Wheu full effect shall have been given to all these great measures of the Itcpuhlican party, and the prejudices engendered against it iu the minds of many, by the artful appeals of dema gogues who have misrepresented its objects, shall have been removed by actual knowledge of its acts, we may expect the bitterness of party spirit to subside, the cry of disunion to be hushed, and the principles of Republi canism to become the permanent pol icy ot the Government, under which it will flourish and prosper, I trust, forever. After Senator Trumbull, speeches were made by Governor Yates, Don Piatt, of Ohio, Judge Palmer and oth ers. A magnificent display oi lire works closed the jubilee. An Amuaing Curtain Lecture. Been out all night again. I'd like to know where you keep yourself till this time in the morning. It's not ten minutes since the clock struck lour. You didn't hear it! No, of course you didn't. You wouldn't hear the last trump —the noise would have to travel through an acre or two of German beer before it would get to your hearing. Had to go among your German friends? Had to go? I'cflike to know how you had to go? Some folks are dreadful willing to "had" to go. Yes, I know it's coming on election times; that's a good excuse to get awav from your fam ily ami home. I wish there was lit) election iu tl ic whole count ry—i t would be much better off il It hadn't any. What did you do all night long? Who diil vou elect? What did you see? Tl lea'tro and dance? Now, turn over here. () Lord, am lin the honyard or distillery, or where am I? What have you got' outside of you ? Didn't drink tijo much ! You must have got into a beer barrel, then, for it's coming out all over you, and how it smells. You danced, oh! You must have cut a pretty figure; guess itwas a lager reel. Do you think I'll stand this going off to a dance at night? Who did you dance with ? I'll bet she was as homely as a pumpkin with two poles in it. Look- here, you needn't pretend to sleep; I want to have a little domestic conversation with you. I amyour bet ter half, aud your bettet half proposes to discuss matters a little; Late ? How do you know it is late? ft is earlv enough to give you a bit of my mind. Tonguey! Yes, I am' tongey. Tlitit's part of woman's prerogative, and I'm going to use some of it 011 yotti, Let you alone! Did you say that to' the girl that you danced with? Ob, 110! Nothing of the sort; it was, 44 Miss, shall I have the pleasure of vour beau tiful person for the next cotillionl wish I could see her; I'd take the beau tiful out of her with a jerk. Can get 110 peace! Yes, you can get plenty of it—go to thetheatre; go eletjionecr ing: dance with the Dutch girls till morning, nud come home and I'll give you a piece of my mind. Don't dear me, I'll be dcarenough if you don't reform your where are you going? To get into another bed! Not exactly; this has been large enough heretofore, and has not grown any smaller lately. You danced, did you ? I'd like to see you dance with me. Oh, I'm too old, I suppose. I ain't too old to give you fits. I declare, the man's asleep! Mineral Oils. The American Gas-liyld Journal, thus interestingly discourses, on the subject of those hydro-carbonaceous products known as Petroleum or coal oils.: The geological position of the rocks yielding petroleum, is often in the coal measures, and although the chemical processes by which it is produced are little known, it is undoubtedly of veg etable origin. The precise nature of the methods of its generation is envel oped in mystery. M. Uarouler's exper iments, recorded in the Comptes lien das for February 15, 18.>8, are intcrat ing in themselves, and peculiarly so as throwing light upon some of those hidden processes in the great laboratory of Nature, by which liquid ami gaseous hydro-carbons are produced beneath the surface of the earth. lly some wri ters the changes are supposed to be due to fermentation only, while others as cribe them to processes of distillation by heated vapor. The oil of Pennsylvania, which lias lately caused so much excitement, diff ers in some important respects from ordinary varieties of Petroleum. Its chemical composition appears to be al most entirely identical with that of coal gas. This oil is of a brownish-green color, and had a strong bituminous odor. When exposed to the air, it docs not thicken or skin over, ami it can easily be poured from a bottle when cooled to the temperature of 15° below zero. Its density has been stated at .81*2 t0.882, and though its boiling point is very high, a vapor begins to come over at about 220°. As atmospheric action does not cause this oil to tlnckeu, or grow hard and resinous like mineral pitch or bitumen, the surface of the ground near the springs lias no crust or deposit such as is usually found else where in the neighborhood of tho Pe troleum Springs. Its lubricating and illuminating properties are so great that the large quantity which is at prcs ent being pumped from tho numerous wells, cannot fail to contribute greatly to develop the resources and to increase the material prosperity of the district in which it has been discovered. Mineral oils are observed in tn a no places to issue from the earth, ami often in considerable abundance. In Persia, on the north-west side of the Caspian Sea, near Baku, extensive beds of marl are found saturated to such an extent, that when wells are sunk to the depth of about ten yards, large quantities of naptha and water collect which are easily evaporated. In some parts ot that district, so much combustible gas or vapor rises from the ground, that when set on fire, it continues burning, and even affords heat for economical purposes. A considerable quantity of an impure variety of petroleum is ex ported from Burmali, in the East In dies. The country consists of a sandy clay, resting on a series of alternate strata of sandstone and shale. Beneath this reste a bed of pale blue shale, rich in petroleum, which lies immediately on coal. Petroleum springs have nlso been found iu the coal districts of Shropshire and Derbyshire, In England. The sea near the Cape de Verd Islands has becu often seen covered by a tiltn of rock oil. The finest specimens, however, are said to be obtained in It aly, where petroleum is found in sev* eral places. The discovery of mineral oil is bv no means of modern date, for in various part* of the world springs of bitumi nous fluid have been discovered in times very remote from our own. llc- rodotus, for example, mentions the wells of Zakunthos, the modern island of Zante, from which bitumen is at flic present day obtained. Plutarch, in his account of the expedition of Alex ander the G'Vetrt?, graphically describes the awe inspired bv the spectacle of a "gulf of tire which l steamed continu ally," near Ecbatana, the modern Ilam adau.- This historian also describes "a flood of inflammable fluid, which issued from variouk gpvftigs, formed a lake," near the burning gulf, and' records the tact that " tlie inhaliitants of the neigh borhood exhibited to the king the force and subtilty of its nature by scattering some drops of it hi the street lending to his lodgings, standing at one end in the darkness of the night, they then applied their torches to some*of the first drops; and; the street became in stantaneously all on fire. Similar fact's are recorded by other an cient writer»;aiid it is far from' improba ble that the perpetual fires of some of the celebrated pagan shrines of the an cient world had their origin in springs of petroleum, or in jets of inllammable gas accidentally discovered,and in accor dance with the superstitions views of Eastern nations.iuvcsted with the attrib utes,and ascribed to the special presence of some presiding deity. Protection to Immigrants. The following extract from a letter of Col. Wright, Commander of the Pa cific Division, to Gov. Whiteaker, of Oregon, indicates the policy to be pur sued towards the Indians engaged in the recent massacre of immigrants : Unfortunate a* is the event of this massacre, and calculated a's it is to' check immigration, I am confident in the belief that during the coining sea son no similar disaster can befall an immigrant party, provided the author ities at the Kast will adopt the meas ures we have suggested, and furnish me necessary means to carry tlrem into execution. I transcribe in this connec tion the following extract from my re port to the Head Quarters of the Army of the 10th hist. " Tlicy (the Snakes) liavo ever been' n source of an novo nee from tlieir thiev ing propensities ami their habits of lurk ing around immigrant parties, and with other hands of In liaus, to stu.il ani mals, cutting off small parties or indi viduals straying from their companies. They have rarely attacked troops. * * Every new success iu a scheme of plun der, and murder if necessary to thatcnd r of course emboldens them to a certain' extent, but I do not see that any new source of danger is to arise from tlresw Indians. * * All that can be done now [certainly this winter] is to elwistise them as we may. * ♦ AVell organised parties of immigrants who will keep to gether, march, camp, and guaid their' animals as "military expeditions must necessarily do, an reach'his country in safety, but this we cannot expect. If they start m large l>odies, tliey soon break into fragments, ami hence as they approach this country they readily fall a prey to any wandering baud of Indi ans. From the nature and extent of the country through which these im migrants have to pass, it will be some years before they can do so without military escorts, stationary posts alone will not nccom|Jish the end* A liostlhasbeen recommended and ordered >y tlie Secretary of War to be placed in the Boise region. It will be service able for various reason*, but will not dispense with the necessity of moving columns. TCoops must travel with the immigration from the time of their leav ing the Salt Lake country until they reach the settlements. If it were an nounced that military escorts would leavo Utah about the loth of July and 15th of August and loth of September, it is believed that all Who desired it could easily avail themselves of such op portunities to travel in safety, and thus the yearly immigration be perfectly pro tected. * * I suggest, as the country in the Boise region is almost entirely without resources, that $1 ">O,OOO at least, be included in the Quartermaster Department for building a post of five companies there. The transportation of rations, supplies, &<_>., must bo like wise increased should a post be estab lished. Estimates in form will be sub mitted in due course." I may here observe that steps for the establishment of a post at Boise were deferred by the late commander of till* department until the result of certain explorations was ascertained, with the approval of the Secretary of War. Xo appropriation for building a powt there, however, passed last winter. Troops will be sent into the field against the Suakcs early in the Spring and will be prepared to carry on tho war vigorously. In conclusion, I have to as lire yort NO. 8,