Newspaper of The New York Herald, January 7, 1848, Page 1

, *. T H Wluto No. 49T3. FURTHER NEWS BY THE CALEDONIA. SPECIAL DESPATCHES TO TllJC . NEW YORK HERALD, * Ac., be., be. France. Pakis, D"0*mbsr 16,1817. Report of the Bourse and Money Murket. Within the lest fortnight pablto seourltte* of every deft irlplion have undergone an unfavorable ohange. Previously to that, it was hoped that the crisis waa pas'; that business would resume its normal condition, and that prices would return to and retain their average amount. The sufferings of the population, in the first three months of the year, were forgotten in the benefits of anahnn. dant harvest. Money became more abundant, manufao turns had brooms mors aotlve, commerce revived The loir* entertained respecting th-j possible effect of th> adjudication 01 the new loan were dissipated tliomome- tl s (Jeolaloa was announced, for instead of falling, as war n ? turslly enough apprehended, priced rose immedlati JO\ the announcement. The truth was, that the state o: a icertuiuty and apprehension which preceded that f) ar ? tlon. had Itself a most uufavore^e effect on the m rkn llut besides this, It ooouired that at the moment ot t is adjudication, the orirfs which had alTeoted the English market began to subside, specie returned, the Bank of Kuglaud reduced its rate of discount, and assisted comnietoe more freely. In short, oonffdence was In a great d gren restored at the other side of the channel, and w? could not fail to be sensible here of the reaotion of this mueemeiit Nevertheless, this inoraen ary sunshine ot the market has been, within the last ten days, overclouded. Prices which had risen, have deotlnrd not certainly to the very low points to which at one epoch they bad fallen, but s:ill the downward movement has been general and quite unequivocal Vet the only cause which can be assigned for tbis which la unquestionably the true eau'e,iaone that might mid ought to have been foreseen The vuat railway eut-rprises which have been commenced, i ow begin to require feed!og on the part ot the shareholders. These great works cannot be prosecuted so as to be put into r, condition to bring returns to their owners without a speedy and large supply ot money; and calls have ackaAAse..! oewant ?? ??! mi.af mu.fi* not.with. I '"""""J ? , tdaudiug the reluctance of the dir<*otors to press on the shareholders, and, through them, on the market. The great northern line connecting Paris with Belgium and the porta of the Channel, Boulogne. Calais, 4to , has commenced the inevitable pressure by giving notice of r. <m11 "f 75 iranos per sbaro. making a total demand on the market ot 30 millions of frauoe, to be paid np before the end of February. This notioe bad an instant and eltc tiio effect on the prices of every description of securit), end prices dropped down suddenly Th? Threes fell 35 cent!!, the New Loan 45 cents, and the Fives 35 cents But this was not alone an operating cause. Attention belt g awakened and alarm excited, enquiries were directed to thn condition of other great lines, and tbev probability of approaching calls from them, and it rooo became known that the Paris and Lyons line will require utmost Immediately thirty millions, the Strasbourg Hue 13 millions, and the Nantes line five or six lu'dlions Several other lines must either make oalls on their shareholders or cff'ct loans In either case the same pressure will b? exerted on the market. In short, there isr. moral certainty 'bat within from three to four months a sum ot one hundred millions must ho obtained, or ' *sa grc . works m<i*t I wholly or partially suspended ! t? pros; of this v ,st i'r*s?ure has luevitably pro ::i I ig approaohlDg to a panic fn our share l. Last week the Nortflsr > shares tell 35 francs .>ona Ifi' 75o, the Strasbourg ldf, the Avignon 15f. >rieans 36f 35a,the Kouen Bf. 75c, au J the Havre 301 the other hand, there eru not wantiog those who 1 tii's panic as unreasonable, and as being to e t degree pro .'need by speculators on the bourse, who 1 ulcuiations, such as we have just mentioned, in circulation, taking care to keep out of Tiew the numerous counteracting and compensating oircumstinoes These contend that the pressure will be lightened, and relieved by the payments of the dividends on the three per oents. which will be made ta a few d-ys, and which will alone throw abont thirty millions on the market. Of the thirty millions oalled for by tho Northern company, twenty millions will be returned to the treasury, and will find llielr way biok to the public in the shape of the dividends of the fives, whioh, dating from tbe 33d March wiil ihroif from sixty to seventy millions on the market Kven the remaining ten millions of Che Northern call will not be Immediately cxpeuded on the works, and s gewd portion of it will find its way back to the market t? aid in the payment of tho monthly instalment* of the loan. It is contended, therefor*, that the condition of the inru k-t ia in reality roach less alarming than the actual .,u itntions of the bourse would indicate. Under the Inuuenee of a good harvest, If sujh should oocur, affairs, whish hare decline J, will revive, and resnma their average state. What it ia really important to ascertain, in order te arrive at safe conclusions as to the prospects of the market, is wbetner the various enterprises in wblob the capital of the country Is thus being gradually more or less absorbed.are realty good or bad. profitable or unprofitable. It is contended that no one caa doubt that great trunk lines of railway, leading lrorn the capital of Krance to Belgium, and the English channel, to Lyons and Marseilles, to Strasbourg, and the Oerroan States of the Rhine, ho , offer a really and permanently profitable investment to capitalists, it is fair to look at the profits they must instantly realize,as they ere successively completed, in juxtaposition with the temporary sacrifices whioh their construction renders inevitable. Paris, Deo. 16, 1847. M'e are still here In the same stagnant state. Ths reform meetings go on in the provinoei with a certain spirit Tbs Chambers open on the 39th, when a struggle between ths ministerial party and the opposition is exp -ot-d to take place immediately, on the question of the election of the President of the Chamber of Deputies. The ministirs will propose to rs-sleat M. Uuixit. The candidate of the opposition is not yet decided on. | f Switzerland. * Brass, DtO. 17, 1847. The Inter-cantonol war is at an and. The inaurgeut riutone have submitted, almost without a blow, to the Inderal authority. Notwithstanding the loud boasts of the Sunderbund, seven allied States have laid down their arois in a week, the federal troops not losing an hundred men hilled, and two or three times that number wounded Tbe proposed intervention of the great powers, greatly to tbo disappointment of Triune Metternich, will fall to the ground. At present we am disbanding our troops. Those of the Sunderbund are already dispersed. New elections are taking place in the cantons of the League, all of whioh will produce a liberal majority. Italy. Rome, Deo 8, 1847. In the Italian peninsula, the work of peaceful reform progresses. In oar f'.tsrnal City, we have a new parlla. inent. under the title of a "Council of State,'' mud a new inunLdpsllty, whioh will be tbe model for similar institutions in our other cities The evaeuationof Karrnr* by the Austrlans is oertain. The dispute bstween Tus<-uny and Modena is iu process of setdsmeut by the arbitration of tbe Tope and the King of Sardinia. The States of Piedmont and TuseaDy are advancing steadily in the same course of internal reform A customs league lies been concluded, and although Naples still hold* biok, ws have every reason to hope that the King of that country wl'l open his eves to his own interests Ii h? does not frankly adopt aaysl*u of rational reform, iD accordance with the spirit of the times, a revolution will become Inevitable. % Itwi of American Affairs In Eiiglnnrl. [Kroin the London Billy News, Use 7 J The party tactics cf the Congress, which meets at Washington toward" the end of this month, will be watched with keen interest in America, for the stake 'The t?s, i? the assailing party, ere mint forward in t.Urhrfcorement ; the democrats, a* the party in power, <!ir>l*y more of diplomats reserve. Oeu. Taj lor, Mr '"lay. and Oen. Soott. ham been luocesslvely named by eeci.ina ol the whig interest; no candidate hae aa jet been distinctly named by the government patty The policy ol' the Union with regard to Mexico enema to tie the t|nation on which the rival partiea are preparing to i iy each other's strength. The declarations made on this topic?as yet all on the whig aide?may be t itirn ns nu index of the national wishes. Mr. Clay bat unreservedly dclaret against the Mexioan war, and against nil territorial acquisition by its means. This profession has been favorably receifed by the amotion of publio opinion in the United Status which corresponds to Kxet-r Hall in this country, but the real whig party demurs to it The wary practical leaders cf the party, indeed, to avoid the danger of schism in tbelr ranks, profess o adopt Mr. Clay's manifesto, only with a modification. They ask no territorial acquisitinn beyond a narrow slip of laud along U?o Parotic, 11 oonuent the harbor of Man Fernando with Orrgon, and incorporate the port. Into the American territory. Hot some more lerj spirits dec are against this attempt at couiprnmi'e, vow that. Mr. Clay mint ho thrown overboard, and go orer to Hen. Scott. It seems oratty clear that Mr Clay has overshot the mat k ; that his qutker policy will not go down with the electors of the United Mutes As a iogioiin, vlr Clay is quite correct iu nalliug the war with Mexico a neoe.-sary oonaequenoo of the annexation of Texas As a party man. hs is consistent, haying opposed iho ono. to denounce the other. But, as a poll tlclan, he thereby set# hints- If in dirsot opposition to a national potloy. oommsno iJ and persisted in, long hetore the annexation of Texas; of which that annexation is as natural and necessary a consequence as the war with Mexico is of tlinl annexation. Both events are simply a'agce in the natural development ot isntcgoniem between Mexico and the United States, wlsloh commenced with their dispute about the south- i'stern boundary of Loulriaua The hearts of both republics were set upon the possession ol the territory. extending northward from the Uuit of Mexloo, wed lying between the river Sabine and the RloUranda. The eltiaeai of the United State*, enthusiastic eon E NE NI querors ot the desert to tbe uses of man. wished for a tield wherein to giro free play to this instinct, immediately west of their great mart of New Orleans. The Mexicans, unwilling to surrender a territory which nominally appertained to them, but upon the occupancy of wbioh they had never entered Je facta, refused to comply with the wishes of their neighbors. Tire will and power to use the disputed territory were the main grounds upon which the American claim rested ; that of Mexico was based upcn duly formal diplomatic titles The Americans resolved to ' bi le their time." The dog-in the-manger oharaeter ?f the tenacious grasp laid upon Texas by Mexioo soon became apparent. The Mexicans, unable to colonize Texas, invited citizens of the United States to do it for them The calculation of the Mexicans was that American energy would do what they oeuld not?render available thauatural wealth of Texas?and that the thriving Yankee settlers would remain contented subjects and tributaries of Mexico. In this belief, the government at Mexico bsgr.n rather too soon to apply to the sturjy settlers it had nailed in ?r ix.fln. it I...I Wninlhthtliii nrtn. plying to its Spanish and Indian populations. Tha roHUlt wan an insurrection, in the oourse-of which the almost exclusively Anglo-American population of Texas emancipated itself troui ail dependence on. or connection with, the central government in Mexico. Texas was recognized as an independent State !>y France and England. Now the tiiue had come for which the goTern merit at Washington, as represent ttlva of the Amer can people, had so patiently waited. Texas, free from its former ties, was at liberty, in virtue of its independence, to oontraot new. Its adult citizens bad, almost to a mau, been born citizens of the United States; they were, naturally des.rous of relapsing into their old character ; and Texas was incorporated into the Union Still, Mtxioo had nut rec >guiz-d the iniiep- udenoe of Texas, and dreams of reanuexing it to theUepublic hud not ceased to haunt its rulers. Though warned by the gOTernmentat Washington that Texts, baring now become an integral part of the United States, would be deteoded l>y the troops cf the Union against any foreign invasion, the Mexican authorities levied troops snd concentrated tht m in tha direction of the Texan frontier. The predisposition on both sides to deoide the disputed right to the soil of Tvxas by arms, was stimulated by a I whole host or grievances, mere or less real on both sld?s Mexicans and Aairtloans were alike eager for war, and war was iuavHubio ; which party was demonstrably the aggressor msy be left to the pedants of diplomacy to decide. In this war the Mexicans have been beaten at ail hands. In ? wonderfully short time, with seemingly most lnad quata means, the Americans have made theuisevei masters of four northern states of the Mexican Union, of all the Mexican seaboard on the Oulf rf Mexico. and cf the capital of the republic. The Mexican armies have been again aud again beaten and broken up. 1'here is no real Mexicau government The Americans, conquerors in a regular war, are, by all the laws of Grofius, entitled to dictate the terms of p?aoe They have fought well, and tbey have fought fairly. Had they not obtained a final and unequivocal recognition of thrir sovereignty In Oregon, policy would have taught them to be oonteuted with the frontier of the lUo Grande. Cut as sovereigns of Oregon, the anurxation of San Fernando is an object to them; they hold, and c?n continue to hold, that harbor, and the intervening territory towards their frontier; aud there can be littli doubt that they will exac. this cession, at least, on the part oi Mexico, as a compensation for the expenses the war has entailed upon them. We do not take upon us to say, that there has b?en nothing in the conduct of the United States throughout these t:ansae'tone, of which Mexico has not cause to complain, but w? could ahow that Mexico 1i?b repeatedly given just cause of complaiut to the United State*. And Mexico. In the wilful ignorance of vanity, has provoked a colision with a power lur its overmatch in strength Even yet, ttiougn drubbed in a manner of which women might be ashamed, the rulers of Mexico (if any there bel appear unaware of how entirely they have bet n beaten. They seem not disinclined to protract indefinitely, not a druggie, but theeetiiement of a definitive peaoe. And the oonsequenoe of this folly oau only be (tie exaction of still heavier concessions by their antagonists. The .Mexicans have their own want of prudence and energy to thank for the scrape they have got into. That the U S. are resolved to turn the blunders ot their rivals to account, may not square witu the dictates of an ideal moratitj; bat, for proposing to retain their hold upon the northern pert of California,where is the State en i tied to throw the first etone at them ? Not Franee, while it retail.* the Palatinate on one hand and AUe.-la rn the other ; not Prussia. while it holds feet tbo Saxon province; not Russia, while it reigns at Warsaw; not England, while it retains half its colonies, to say nothing of India. It is ridiculous to attempt to make that a crime on the part of the government at Washington which, in the case of European governments, is allowed to be the inevitable ooosequenoe of the more powerful nation in ail oases of international quarrel being obliged 11 be judge in its own cnun This is the light in which thn question is viewed by an immense mejority of the "practical influential statesmen of the North American Union, and the euooeesful candidate for the presidency will be the man who is pre: pared to act up to it. That the victories gained by the Americana in Mexico will be e source ot advantage to their republio, may be questioned. It is more than doubtful whether they will be able to relinquteh their hold of any part of the Mexican territory; and if they cannot, Mexico ia likely to prove their Ireland But tbey have gone too far to recede, without however having done anything to juatify that virtuous indignation which would write the annate of the Mexloan war like a romance, with the American Union for the unnil tigated villain of the story, and the Mexican republic for the suffering saint." General Taylor at Natt^iez. [From the Free Trader, Dec. 28 ] At 9 o'clock yee erday morning the boom of old Saratoga aunouueed the arrival of our distinguished Sueet, Major General Zachary Taylor, Accompanied by la aids, Major Bliss and Captain Garnett, at the landing wh"re the com rait tee of the reoeption waited upon him, and having taken him into the open carriage prepared for htm. prooeed-d to join the procession tunned in front of the city. Th* procession. composed of the General, Colonel, and l.ieut Colonel and staff offlcre of the 4th Regiment of Mississippi Militia,the Adams Light Gmrd, Na'ch'S Guards and Cadets, and an immense <hrcng rfol'lsens, proceeded up. Main street to the Ins'ltute li <11, where the ceremony of crowning the hero by the young lady pupil* of the Institution took ploce. After this ceremony was over, the prooeaelon moved through our principal streets until it arrived iu Trent a the City Hotel, where the General wai welcomed by Mayer stookinwi In a truly elmju"ut and appropriate I'.yie, to which General Taylor replied in a few brief sentence*. Immense ellWaring greeted these speeches I and the s mi lea of thousands or ladles, who thronged I every window la the vloinlty, nod a perfect crowd ol I Kf ntlemen, wrloomed the griat hero to our hospitalities I After the speaking waa over and the applause had sub- I sided, the General wim conduoted to the parlor of the i hotel, wbere gentlemen and ladies, to the u umber of ' several thousands, presse upon him, eager to take by | the hand the gallant man who had performed such pro- , digieeln valor, and led our arms to victory and renown ' against such fearful odds. * A most sumptuous entertainment was spread in the di ing room of the City Hotel, of which every body, ladies and all, partook. After the ladles retired, the following tegular toasts were read off by Captain Nevitl and Judge Dabulsson, and wete received with great applause: ? let. Our Country' May she be always right; but, right or wrong, our Country 'id The President of the Un ted States. 3d. The Memory of Washington. 4-ti The patriots, sages and heroes of the Revolution Atb. The Union.?Withered be the arm that would be rai<ed for lie detraction; palsied be the tongue that would give utterance against It <!th Gen. X tc'.ary Taylor- Kulogy may be exhausted in extolling the Tolor of the soldier, the compreheaeiv*nesa ot the leader, but the lore and gratitude of the Ameri >au people are Inexhauetlole; they honor and revere in him the attribu'ea that eanct.fy their veneration lor Washington. 7th The Army and Navy of tho United Statea. nth. Major General Soott Oth. Our flag?the herald of freedom, the type of victi ry; bearutu ita ample and protective folds, virtue, liberty, and equal rights tlnd there a dwelling plane 10th \l*j ir General ffultmxn and the officers and privatee of the flrat Mtteleaippl Roitiment? Mississippi proudly point* to her jewel* Uth. The Battle of Uu?na Vl*ta that eventful struggle, where the indomitable valor of four thousand American*, In open (laid, achieved a glorious victory over a mighty host of twenty thousand Mexican* History ha* yet to await It* parallel. Uth The memory of the gallant dead who fell In Mexico l.ttn The l.vlie* The sixth called General Taylor to hi* feet, and he repliel to It in a short, bat feeling, and highly appropriate epetoh. A larga number of volunteer toait* were also handed In. one only of which wa could hear; that was ' Mejor nil**, the gallant soldier and accomplished gentleman " To this Major lilies gave?-' Natchu and Adams county?renowned for the hospitality of their oitlsens and beauty of the ladies; this day's exhibition more than confirms this reputation." During the whele.day the utmost enthusiasm seemed to inspire tti? great crowd asssnibied to do honor to our distinguished guest, and many were ttia tokens of esteem, admiration, and gratitude be received. den Taylor, Maj. lilts* and I'apt. Oarnett remain In our city until to-morrow?they will then take passage for Baton Kouge on the steamer Old Hiokory 1 he General is in tbe enjoyment of fine health, and 1'i.ks much less weather beaten than we expected to s 'a h'ra after his arduous campaigns in Mexico. The Natchez Courier girev tbe following reply of Oen T.. to the Mayor's welcome ? Ma. Mavor?The warm and affectionate welcome with which the people of Natches hare honor d me, oan be but feehly acknowledged by any word* of mine, k'ew now remain who were on tn actire scene of life when I first became acquainted here; but I see their children around me. and the open hands and hearts of their sons, | and the bright eyes ot their daughters, render this greet- j Ing doubly welooaie Vou hsve alluded to my serrlces In the field In such Battering, though I feer, undesrrrsd terms, that I must say a few words In reply. To the hravery ot our troops, regulars and rolunteers, sre our successes in Mexico due; to thslr bold hearts end stout arms we must as cribe the brillisnt victories which hare shed so much lustre upon our arms, and none among them hays been more oonspienons than the Kirat Iteglmcnt of the Mississippi Volunteers. Kor myself, 1 oan only claim the oredlt it having performed my duty to the beet of my ability Again, Mr Mayor, 1 oonrey to you and through you, totUe people of Nat shut, my most heart Ml thaahs for the high honor they bars shown mo. W TO iw YORK, FRIDAY MOR ' Interesting War Intelligence. T1!E DEFENCE OF ilKN, MANIA ANNA?THE BATTLES OF CO.VTKERAS AND CHURU1U SCO. Department OK WAR, > Ttnuaoun, Not. 19,1847, J The dcepatoh of your Kxoelieuoy, under .lute of the 6th in?t. inform* we .hat in obedience to a decree of the General Congrese, of which you eand me a copy, relative to the document* whioh may extet relating to the ermta of the eiege and the lo?* cf the capital, his Hioellency, in charge of the Supreme hlxecutire I'owor direct* I Ilit 1 ehsll nrespnt. a r.nort of thine mllitnrv nimnllnii. iii order to bilng them to the kuowlelg* of the Supreme Government. Complying with the withes of the grvuro'a'>nt, and with the duty Imposed on me by the charm t- r of gent rul-ln chief of the array with which I wit* Invested at that time, i shall proceed at once to give a pla'n narrative of that part of nty operations which is M ill wanting. Your Excellency will peroeive by the annexed note, wbioh I was on the point of addressing to your Exuellenoy when 1 received your communication, aud which explains its motives and object, that I had already made a report which embraced events which took place Anterior to my entrance Into the capital at the end of May lust 1 have explained in my official documents that the object of my march from Orissba to ruebla was to increase, equip and rrgauiie the small force I had at ray command at thai date, and to make a vigorous defence, in case I should be assisted by the powerful resources of that State. Unfortunately, I round khatctty dismantled, without troops, without materials of war, us the general commanding h.<d ordered them to other points ; and by the near approach of the army of the enemy wi.o followed my tootsteps, aud left ma no time for any under Ukirg, i was forcod to continue my maroh to the capital of the Republic I expeore l to find in the oipltal great preparations for defence, but discovered, instead, symptoms of rsvolution, wbioh were fortunately dispelled by ray presence. I also p-rceived with regret that its abandonment had been determined upon, bclisvi-ig it destitu'e of means of defence, and that the administration of Tobicco, tlie archives and other objects, hud already commenced being sent to the interior 1 histened t u this nocount to call a meeting of all the general* present which took place the day after rayarrival. In conformity with their decision, I resolved to take charge of the government, an Indispensable step in order to prepare for the defence in aooordauo* with my wishes As there was so Utile to dispose of, a d as an army, fortifications, materials of war, and above all money, wero absolutely indispensable, ray difficulties were as great us my efforts were required to be. On this poiut i icidi vu Tuuviivio niiiuu ii?uov apprnr ia mianirriui departments, and which I beg may be presented by the minister* who had the painful ta k of being arRcoiated with me in those days of affliction. I do not annex them, as at thia plaoe I am-d-prived of my private archive*; but the government can easily procure them in order that it may be made apparent that every thing was attended to. and nothing omitted which c iul 1 secure a good defence of the capital against a victorious army, provided with every nppurt lantt1 required to oarry on war with success. Hie Excellency Don Nicolas Bravo, general of division, was appoiuted general iuohitf of the army of the east, and H m Don Manuel Itinoon his second in oommand. His Kxoolleuoy Oen Don (iabriel Valencia, was also appointed to the army of the north, with OeD. Don Mariano Halas as his second in oommand These two generals proceeded at once to their destination but the other two reslgnod a few days after their appoiutiuents, in oonseiiunnoe of which dsn Don Manuel Maria Lombardlni was nominated geueral-in-chief of the army cf the cost, discharging his trust to the ra Ufactlon of the government, until, owing t tho approach of the enemy, I took ccmmand-in-chiet of the army, in Tirtue of the extraordinary powers which the supreme congress had been pleased to giant by its deoree of the dUch Vprll, for the better hiicc?ss of tho war against our invaders. Having designated the points which were to bo transiently fortified in the first and second line, not a moment was lost in obtaining materials. laborers, , and in lees than three months respectable fortifications were raised, which were directed first by the general of brigade, Don Caaiiniro Liceaga, and afterwards by the chief or engineers, Don Iguaoio Mora y Villamll, and these officers not only gave proofs of thulr skill, but labored with a perseverance and activity whloh must always redound to their honor. Immen-esums were invested iu so many works, neaessary for so extended a radius, but there was uever any want of the necessaries, as can bo verified by the commissary ?? <n. As the ranks of the regular ?my were exceedingly deficient, it became necessary to have recourse to raw levies,and to the bodies of the National Guard. (There wasnoolctbiugiothe8tcres.no supplies, no accoutrements for horses, no utensils of any kind, and it beosme neoeseary to prooure them by making contracts. Having hardly any muskets, I had to order purchases at any price, and with those thus obtained of which many were without bayenets, and with such as were repaired in the armory, from those previously rejected, I succeeded in arming my forcee As tii j mMrnci of was was very soaroa, I ordered the Indefatigable Chief of the Artillery, it rig. Oea Don Maeuel Cerrera, to manufacture what was necessary in the large workshops established for that purpose, where the work was carried on wltbeut cessation, and which required large sums of aooof Mauy pieces of artillery were brought from e*an Luis, and ethers from the south, aud even those cast cf iron, which were in bad condition, wore rend?red lit for service. Nothing was neglected to place the capital in the best state of defence. On my arrivsl in the capital, there existed no other turn in the treasury then one hundred and odd thousand dollars, in drafts 01 the chrgy. part of the million end a half granted to the Oovetnmsot during the days of my absence, and I obtained the sums which so many and mult f-trlous demands required, in which I was most efficiently assisted by the .Vllnbtsr of Kinauce and his good oonueatiens In the squares and in the suburbs the reorults were daily drilled, and the chiefs exert-d themselves r.o en ergetlcally, for the advancement, of their corps, that in a tew days they were transformed into brilliant brigades, which inspired the most flattering expectations The fortifications advanoed pro liginusly In all directions were seen workshops engaged In ra iking equipments for the troops Ninety piec is of cannon w?r - g it in readiness, an i at length 1 l.oot) man were armed and equipped, including in this number o<K)0 veterans of the srmy of the norto.and the twenty-four pieces of artillery brought by his Kxceliency (Jon. Valencia.from San Luis Pntosi Therefore, on the 11th August, when the enemy shows 1 himself in the neighborhood ol the lYuou. our situstion was imposing, and confidence and enthusiasm wrro ; visible in every countenance. i appoil to all the iuha| biiants of the city to bear witueee to this fact Hie Kxo. llenoy, Gen Don Nicholas Bravo oifered his services, I an.1 I niaci-d unri-tr hia nrile, s the linn nf Yfnvlnnlnlnmi I Churuhuioo and dan Aatonto. His Excellency, Gen. l?on Juan Alvarez, with the <1iviwi >n of cavalry which I placed under his charge. I ordered to station himself io \anHi:amilpa,in order to gain the rear of the enemy, and to plan* linnet If between him and I'nebla as soon aa he should have passed San Martin Tesmeluoan. Tne ius'ruotione given to this general must exist In the War D -pertinent; they were, that fallowing the rear guard of the enemy, he should harraes whenever possible, and to a'tack with decision whenever he should see himeugig-id with any of our foriifled points, to take advantage of ?very error, and to act with due pruden-e Ills Excellency Don (Jabriel Valencia, with his complete division, I ordered to take position at i'Acoco, and transmitted to him instructions which be must have in his possession, and which mutt also be found in the effloe 01 the Secretary of War, in the Department of Operw-tons Ills principal object wns to watch the eueiny, iu order that If he should take the direction of Toxoooo, he might fall back on Guadeloupe IfiJalgo. wbe.-e, taking poeession of the fortified positions, he wae to await orders and reinforcements; but if tho enemy should decide upon attacking the Penon, tb?n he wae to attack his tear guard, in which movement the division of oavaly under the coaiinjud of lien. Alvare* wae to oo-operale, having received timely instruction to act in oonoert wiUi said general I proceeded to the Tenon in order to be in front of the enemy, and to be able to direct the operations with success At this point his Excellency, general of division, Don Manuel llincon, presented himself, and I entrusted to him the command of the principal fortllloatloni of that eminenoe At the same time, a.id with equal enthusi'ism. his Enoellenoy U-o. Don Jose Joaquin de Ilnrrcra presented hicisBlf to m*. and I appoiuted him my second in command. His Excellency (J.m Dou J.ise llarl% Xorncl w is also employed as quarterins.-t-rgener.il, manifesting the greatsst anxiety t > serve tho nation in this campaign As it is impossible to oarry In the memory the number of troops, gpruilery, ammunition &.0 , which garrisoned all the poiuts, and * s in order to give an exact detail it would be nec.-ssary to have before my eyes the general returns, which it is Impossible to obtaia hare, nor the pUns, which the airector-ln chief of the engineers ought to furnish, I will limit myself to speaking of tho events in general, and of iny respective measures, i ] reserving to myselt to present then with the du * r qui| ?ites and accuracy in the historical sketch which I nin preparing. in order that the nation may know how much ha* baen done in its service and who are it* faithful scr vnnts The Invading array, under the orders of Oeu Ncott. disouiued the battle which whs offered to him at lhe I'cnon, no doubt because our positiona appeared to litiu very strong, and 1 think his good fortune preserved hiui frarn having failed agvinst them, as th<* Tenon was perfectly tcrtifled. and as even bis projectiles oould have been of little use to him In the plan of this important point tnny be seen the works that had been arranged so j skillully. and the tn-.rltof such stupendous labors performed ill s > few days O'a Scott having taken the direction south of the capital, after renonnoltering the fortifications of Mexlcalcingn, which lip dared not attack, knowing that there also hs oould be oombated to advantage, I was under the necessity of changing iuy headquarters to San Mateo t'-hurubusco, olase to the bridge of Sau Antonio, the mostadvanend point of that line. The march of the enemy was laborious and slow over the road he had to pass and this time was employed In flui.shing some forildoaticus and in Improvlug others (Jen Alvares t'ol- j ivwou . ? -? ?f|ivnuu.,, I.Vtnck It Thorn being no doubt that the design of the < | enemy wn? to occupy the city of Tltlpstn, Hen ValenI oi? wan instructed to abang > Mis position, by withdraw! iog from Texcooo to the oliy of duadaloupe Hidalgo, 1-t < order to puna after war la tJ the village of San Angel, I nhlch he did < Ilrin-ot Ocn. Don Kranolaoo Perei, n.iiumauder of a splendid brigade, numbering then .t out) men, wan ordered to take poaitlan at Coyoacau. tbua covering the line formed by Mexicaluingo, the bridge of Churubusco, tbe > convent of the aame name, Coyoacan and San Aug 1 | reatlng ou and serving aa a reeerve for tbe point next < to San Antonio Thla plaoe was well fortified and garrisoned, and as all our for oee war# contiguous. so that tbay < oould operate advantageously and promptly, 1 beoama i aaxloni that Utava should bo the field of bottle. I sua- i RK I NING, JANUARY 7, 1S4 peoted by Dome reconnoiesanoea of th? enemy, that he intended to march on Tacubaya Gen Valencia was ordered to fill beck on Ooyoaoan and to supply Churuhuico with fix pieced of artillery. believing htm to be at San Angel, where he ought to have been to wait for further order*. My plan of concentration on the second Hue waa becoming Independable, and It wan also neoeseary to prepare a safe retreat for the troops and tralnaat San Antonio. The surprise and itdliinaf lou which I ex perieuoed at th*.disobedience of my order* by dsn Valencia, oan b? attrsted by (Jen Torael and the Minister of War w o handed uie his answer at eleven o'olook at ntglit on ih? ItSth of August. The same g-uersln cau also leve.tl the presage which I than made in oonsequet'oe of so irregular a proceeding which upeet all my combination* My first determination w.is to deprive General Valencia of hi* command, and giro the same order to hie second in command, but the above named general calmed me by judicious reflection*, springing trom the beet intentions ; and after a long consultation, in order to avoid a rupture in frout of the enemy, I Anally consented to inform him, that without approving his urbltarv conduct, he might ant upon hie own responsibility as be might think proper, flattering ourselves, it is true, that this message would make him retrace his steps Unfortunately it proved otherwise; he continued stubbornly to pursue the path of perdition which h? hnd marked out, and to-day the nation deplores th- result. On the nineteenth, at about two o'olook iu the afternoon, an aid-de-camp of General Valencia presented himself to tna at 8 iu Antonio, informing me In nis name that the rn-my wes approaching Padicrna, the piao i where he had of his own aeoord stationed tlie Division of tl>- North, and a ided that from the cannonade which he 11 heard along, t ie road he considered the battle <001 n-noed. This Information was to me the confirmation oi the great misfortune wbioh I bad foretold ihe night previously, aud showed that lu spits of himself the disobedient general began to see his error. Notwithstanding his irregular conduct, from that moment 1 onlv strove to save him, ai d to save the worthy soldier* which in an unluoky heur 1 hnd placed under his charge, i therefore despatched an aid to Coyoucan with orders to march the b'lgalo of Gen Perei |0 Padierna and I stsrted Immediately at a gallop for the same point, aooompanled by my stall, by the Regiments of iiu'sars and the dd H-giment of Vera Crus. together with five pieces of artillery. I overtook said brigade issuing from Coyoacaa to Han Angel, and owing to soius caiiuoun Jlog which was heard, -I made them accelerate their pace until they re<ch?d the height fronting P-tdierna. from wbich I could observe the latal position of Gen Valencia. l'his happened at 3 o'clcok in the evening; and although I endeavored to form a juaction, it was found impossible, being cut oil by the enemy and by theground wbich he had left In his rear There was only one passable road left from Han Angel to I'sdicrna which was very narrow and commanded right and left by positions of which some battalions of the enemy had already taken possession 1 sought a passage by the flanks, bat I became convinced by those well acquainted with the locality, and also by my own observation, that it wis not easy to undertake any further operation during that evening, as on the right it was rendered impracticable by a deep ravjne which extended for more than a league towards some h-fght situated south-east of San ingel, and by broken ground and rocks on the left. Night having overtaken ina during my reoonuottcrlng, I 1.-.I I H,?? ?? . ? . rwl ? fnr th. (lay. .Shortly aftt-raards a violent storm, accompanied hy torrents of rain, obliged ine to order the Infantry to talc* shelter in the neighboring Tillage ot San Angel, with orders to present themselves at the oamp at the bteak of day, where I left the cavalry an J artillery, who passed a cruel night, as it did not cease raining till daylight. Taking into consideration the sufferings which the army of the North-must undergo during tne rain, without shelter, and that neither men Dor arms would lie fit to give battle tbe next day, desiring, also, to avoid the defeat which I foresaw, I ordered (den. Valencia to spike his artillery on that same night, and to fall brck upon Man Angel, for which purpose he might employ the same guide who conducted my aid, Col. Don Jose Maria Kamirn, bearer of my order. Unfortunately be spurned and disobeyed my order, and remained in that fatal poeition Uneasy from the apprehensions which the temerity of Gen Valencia naturally aroused In me, 1 ordered, e.t the drat rays of day, the brigade which had taken ebt-ltor in San Angel, to commence Its march. The same was done with the brigade of Gen llangci, which I had drawn from the oitadol, determined to open a road to Padirrna at uny cost I was inarching at the head of these brigades when I heard a firing of musketry on my vanguard; the paco was quickened, and before me appeared (quids of our cavalry, vjho were in retreat, aud from whom 1 received tbe fatal tidings that I apprehended. As soon as I had 110 longer any doubts about tbe dofeat ot (J *u Valencia, 1 commenced my oountermaroh with the deepest sorrow. This general, either badly advised, or guided by a blind ambition, thinking a victory cuey, with the splendid division which he commanded, ruehed into oiitne with a double view, either, if fortune fuvored him. to appropriate to himself all the giory; or, ii he failed, to throw on me tha responsibility and tne ooastqueut discredit. This is proved by tbe statunewt which be hastened to publish, and wt^ich all have t,-"on,velyi?g,nodonb* on the credulity of the masses and on tbe support which he would meet with from the factious, who are In search-of every pretext for showing ttwdr hostility towards ma in the airooious manner they no v do; but to such attaoka I shall only oppose faots-and witnesses which will make truth prevail and justify the rectitude of my proceedings. lathe willega of San Augsl I united all my forces, and a part of thoie dispersed at Padlernia, who declared that "all the ammunition being wet, and It being impossible to return the enemy's Are, the troops sought salvation in flight " I despatched two aids with orders to lien. Bravo and Gaona io fall bank without losing a moment, on the fjrtldoations of the Candelarta, while I continued my retreat on Churubusoo. At the bridge of Panzaoola I ordered the brigade of G-n. Range! to return to the citadel, whioli he did On passing by the convent of (Jhiirubuso ) I notitled (Jen. Itlnoon of what had befallen the division oMhe North, in order that be might be on bis guard as comman l?r of that point; and a: at that moment my principal attention was directed to the troops and trains at Stn Antonio M.-xbaleiao, I hastened to protect them in their retreat, and stationed at the bridge of Churubusoo, the brigade of Gen Peres At this plaoe I wae informed that Gen Uauna had already cnmin ncen um uimu uu * an ..nrarm, iuu tntt uen. liriTO wu about moving. A few mom.nls afterwards the companies of St. Patriok, the bau&lii n ef Tlapa, ami other pickets, arrived at the bridge all of which troops I ordered immediately to reinforce the neighboring convent of (Jhurupusoo, which was garrisoned by the battalion* of IudependeDoia and Bravo To this point 1 also ordered the Ave pieces of artillery which I brought from San Angel. I was occupied in hastening the movements or t'ue froopa and trains from San Antonio, the vanguard of which began arriving at the bridge, when in its rear the Bring commenced. About the same time also the Bring oommencnd at the convent of Churuhii*co. Thn troops of San Antonio were th?n thrown into confusion, and abandoned the maietiel which they brought with them, which created great con fusion, and was increased by the approach of the en>my, who arrived with intrepidity olcse to the trenches. An active Are was ope <ed upon him, notwithstanding, and we succeeded in cheoklag bis first Impetus, the battle raging violently. In a moment, when the Bring ceased, I observed that a battalion ot the eni-my was proceeding by our right flank, to the estate of I'urtalea, in order to take us in tho rear, and out off ourretr-at. To frustrate this object, I ordered the colonel of the 4th battalion of light infantry to take pos session, by a rapid march, of that building, and as I perceived some hssitation. I went personally to bare it properly executed. Tne battalion of the eunmy being re pulsed with great loss, our retreat was sennred. At Porttles I received a despatch informing me that the convent of Churuhusco had surrendered, and that this occurrence had disheartened the trcops who defended the bridge, so that a part were retreating with General Uravo by Mexioaloingo towards the IVnon. anl other* were railing back by the straight road. This turther misfortune occasioned the lose of Immna'e materiel, and convinced me of the necessity of falling back without loan of time on our aeoood line. Thin I did with all the force I could unHe at Portal** arriving at (Jandelaria letaeen five andsix o'olock at night The troop* whom G*n<ral Bravo took with him could not return to the capital un il the next morning. J'he audacity of enme of the enemy's dragoon* went eo far a* to cross at full gallop th* column which wal marching from Portal** to Cand l?ria, and they reached th* parapets of this point, where, b -log recognised, they were lirod upon, and all killed except one officer, who ? -.* made prisoner Thl* officer declared at that moment. with a good dent of oandor, that " having understood from on* of our prisoners that In that troop was tieu.MtntaAnna.be had formed the resolution witti the men who were willing to follow htm, to reach htm and take his life, aa.tf they suooeeded.they would acquire glory, and if they fail?d they would die with houor." Vs soon as I was Informed of the declaration. I ord-red that th* prisoner ehould be treated with consideration, and I declared that far from beiag often led at his buUlncet I admired hisvslor ahd paid bltn the homage due to him. Paring the remainder of the evening and the night nothing ol any Importance occurred; notwi.hstandlng i whioo, I took such steps as I judged nroessary to se- i cure t he defence of our seoond line, which I expected j would b- soou attacked. At f o'clock In the morning of the following day, i every tli'ng was prepared for the combat, in spite of the had condition into whioh we had been placed by the j previous occurrences: but as at II o'olock I received at the causeway of Li Vefca a d??patcb li'oin (fen Scott, ia which h? proposal the arrantlce which is already Ituowtito th? nation, a copy of which I annex marked No 1, aud which I accepted instantly on account of cur desperate situation, as will appear by No. 2. Thn caWmitous events at I'adlema and tba convent of Ciiitruhuaco, the lore of one-hair of our bast artillery, Of so many cannon an<1 muikats, and finally tha loss of mora than one-third of the army, h*d csused such dismay that if the enemy bad rene ?cd his attaok as I exp cud, he would m tat assuredly haveoooupiad the city without much resistance This conviction mads ms con?'(i r as an interposition of Providence this unexpeot- ' ltd occurrence, which came to change the situation in witlih wa were, which it effectually did. Whowil deny thai oa the Htn Sep umber the army of the enemy esped e fortunately trora b?in,f dastroycJ' Alas! but for theoowardlceofsomaofoureol ticra?but for tea lalllahue*.* of so many nitlaans -what a dllTerrnt aspect wont J tha llepublie present at this moment: Noone will esy that the conferences which took piaea | witn tna c >ujmia*<on*r'<( lua waiiou ^t?i?swprn prrju- : Jloial to th? intortata of nation Having b?rn roada public, th?y liavo already maiiif.iti-J to iha world tbe xtravagant and ucjutipiatt-ualona of that Government, whltb, ahuning ita preponderance or good lortune aid ?nr inl?i?rtuo?a, wlah to humiliate ua and to deprive ua >f one-hail of eur territory. But. aa la tha acoeotaaee pf thaeralatlee otlTNun baaa attrlbatad to aeIB* L?? ?i in, i j .' j i jl-m! ..u. IERA 8 jurious to my reputation, I oau no longer keep ssorat what, in thoee days, it would bare been treaeon In me to publish Ae in the annexed report, prerioualy referred to, will be found the erenu subsequent to the armistice, I couolude for the present, adding copies of the oorreapnnd?nce which preceded resumption ol' hostilities, marked No. 8 and 4 Your Exoellenoy will please reoeire the assurance of my particular esteem God and Liberty! ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA. To bis Excellency the Minlstor of War and Marine. In the Mexican papers reoelred by the New Orleans, we do not Had the continuation of Santa Anna's defence or report upon the battles of Mexico, the armistice, Sic , else we would give it Two or three letters from hIra are published, written as late as the'20th of November, from Tehuaoan,but neither of theni possess interest for j readers here An Impression prevail* that by the New Orleans later dates from the city of Mexloo were re- I oaived This Is an error. The Teviot brought us letters and papers from Mexloo Ore days later than the former steamer. ? AT. O Picayune, Dtc. 30. l.Vl'ER FROM CiKN WOOL'S LING. TKrom the New Orleans Picayune, Deo. 30 ] The United States steamship Telegrsph, Capt. Wilson, 1 arrived y-st?rday from the Brazos, whence she sailed on ( Deo 24th. Shs brought orer Messrs. Stephenson and i Shaw with the remains of the late Capt Stephenson, Dr Haley, wife and ohild, and Messrs. Geo Judkins, J. Mau- | ran, and Coudas, Captains Dubs and Stotesbury . and , Messrs. J. Nixon, and J B Kontaine, and forty on deck I The following are the firstgenei ai orders of lien. Wool, i upon assuming the command of the army ol occupation: llr.iimrUTtHi Anar ok OccurzTion ) Mont itiiky, Deo. 0, 1847 ) ORDKR NO I. The order of Msj Gen Taylor. No. 132, planes the undersigned in tho coinaiand of the Army of Occupation ' In nntering upon the important duties assigned him. ho would announoe to his oouimand that noelf>rtsoa his part will be spared to place it iu the most efficient condition. In ordor to be prepared to meet, any move, i ment which may be required In th*se effort", bo antt- > oipates to lie ably sustained by his troops, and especially j by his officers The pontile of the United States are anxiously looking In this direction for an honorable terminal Ion ot the war. The victories so glorious to our arms at Palo Alto. Rnsaca de la Palma, Monterey. Buona Vista, Vera Cruz Cerro Gordo, Contreraa, Churubusoo. and the city ot Mexico, have failed to produce the desired result. Mexican armies, one after ano* her. have been beaten and dispersed, and their capital taken; yet the Mexicans would continue the war As peace, from all we oan learn, appears far in the distance, we are called upon to prepare lor coming events Pleasure must give wav to duty; our whole duty, and no'hing but onr duty Obedience, order, discipline, and instruction must be rapidly enforced, which tho iu erest, honor, and glory of onr oouotry imperiously demands All orders, hitherto issued by MaJ. Gen. Taylor will be enlnrced uutil otherwise directed. The following officers are announced as ohlefs of the staff attached to the vrray of Occupation Bvt Capt Irvln McDowell, assistant adjutant general at headquarters; Capt. W. D Eraser, chief ofengineers, and aid de-camp; Maj. Lewis ('ass. Jr , 3d Dragoons, anting insp->otor general; Maj J M. Wnthington. 3d Artillery,ohliifofartillery at iSiltillo; Capt G.D Ramsay, uruuRDcvu-'pnniucai', oumiui uruii?nun?it av<tu(|u?riHrB; i ol Henry Whiting, Assistant Qr. M. Gen , chief of the quartermaster's department at v'atamorosj^upt. E. 4. Sibley, assistant quartermaster at headquarters; Capt. V B Linnard, ohief of the topographical oorps at Hal tillo; Limit. L Sitgreaveo, corps of topographical engineers at headquarters; Capt. A. B Eaton, oommmary of subsistence, chief of the commissary department at the Brazos; Capt. J. C. Casey, commissary of subsistence at headquarters; Surgeon N. H. Jarvis, chief ol the medical department at headquarters; Msj D Hunter, obief of ths pay department at Matamoros; Msj. W. A Spark, paymaster at headquartsrs. We have the Mutamorat Flag down to the 'Jid of De- ; cember. In the number of the ISth, we And a notice of I several murders of Mexicans committed on the San , Fernando road. Among them was Ramon Fez a noted outlaw Another was Jose Maria Feudey and two of his servants The bodies of several others ware found murdered. The Flag thus speaks of these murders : ?"Nothing positive as to ths oause whioh in ioced the killing of these men, or who were engaged in it has yet transpired, but we infer, from rumors afloat as to the daily occurrence of hostile meetings between ths traders and robbers who Infest the roads for the purpose of plundering them, that the bodies found were of the slain in some suoh meetings " The rancho of Capt. Capeatran, near Matamoros, has keen burned, and, as is alleged by Americans. Colonel Davenport is investigating the case The Flag says that large numbers of Mexicans are emigrating to the Texas side of the Hie Grande, for the purpose of availing themselves of the protection of the American laws, should the Rio Grande be made the boundary between the two countries. The following items are from the Flag of the 18th Inst: " The Monterey Go tette of the 4th instant, publishes a aawapoadiasiii between Col. Joo. W. Tibbatts, military governor of the plaza of Monterey, aud Francisco da Morals* " Col Tibbatts charges Gov. Morales with assisting In i raising guerilla parties against the United States forces ; and besides, that be, Morales, was not legally elected, j aooordlag to the laws aud constitution of the State of j Nuevo Leon. Col Tibbatts further prohibits him from f exercising gubernatorial authority in said State, and all pereone are prohibited from obeying his orders, and any f disobeying this prohibition or order will be considered as enemies of the \J nlted States, and treated accordingly. It appears that Colonel Tibbatts required, in the first | instance, that Morales should take up his residence a* j I Intor-nor >< .innl.ru. " To all of whioh, Gov. Morales replied by deolinlng i the invitation and returning a thousand thanks for such ' a distinguished mark of consideration as the Invitation j evinced?stating, as a reason for not accepting it, that j the Government would bo without energy in the presence , ot an enemy's foroe. " According to the ftfonterey Gazette, ('anales is still j giving escort and receiving tribute from merchants. On the 'id inet , a train of carts load?d with merchants' ' goods, are mentioned ae having entered Monterey from < Camargo, which came through uader escort of Canalet's I troops, and paid him a very considerable sum. '' TUB REMAINS OF DR. SLADE. It has been announced by the press that the remains i of the iste l)r Slade, Surgeon to ths ttlk infantry, ar- | rived h?re on the New Orleans. This proves to be erro neous They were placed on the steamer Portland.which is expected to arrive in a dsy or two.?AT. O. Picayune. Dec 30. ARMY INTBI.MGENCE. We have had information from the six oompanies of volunteers who have msrobed?three under commend of the Colonel, one day's msroh ahead of the three under oommand of our respected citizen. Major Keuule. They were all in goed spirits and well Tarts of four companies yet remain in quarters here, who will march as soon as tilled, under command of the Lt. Col. ? Detroit free Pren, Dec. 29/A. The I'. 8. steamer K.dith arrived yesterday from Vera j Crus and brought over the following passengers: - Lieut Col Fiesoa, Louisiana Battalion; Capt. Kenzte, Texts Cavalry; Lieut. Tegram. Lieut Mhattuok, V s S ; Lieut Ltmphere, Lieut. Wyatt. Dr Campton, IT 8 A; J. W. Williams, Corns. Dep'c ; J A G Kisher, Quarter master's Department; W 11 Miller, with the remains ot late Lieut. vjoClearry, Ift'h Infantry; W Bearneler.sut ler, Kentucky Volunteers; IT N. Swaine, Mr Tevlole, Mr Wilson, Or Hamele, .Mr. Anbrey, Mr Duboo, Mr Mioheii, Mr. M W Gnnegal, Mr Hpskens. Mr. Kgan. Mr K istman and 118 discharged soldiers and team-ters Died on hoard of the KJith privates James W. Mitohell and Manford, of Capt. Stapp's company Illinois Mounted Volunteers, Patrick Curtis. Company G, Hth Infantry; privates John Mundell, William D. Month, Benjamin Hundley, and one other, unknown.?AT. O. Picayune, Dec. il? Law Intelligence. t,OV*T OF UTKB ASP 1 HRHIXxa ? Jail o ?tierora JIMtic* Morse, Alderman Tappan wad Keeks ? Trial of Martin Hire Jar H'gamy. continued ? In oon*"|Uence of the re porn of the trial in the newspapers. this uinrn1 ing, tbe <:?urt room, from an early hour, was crowded to excess Tbe Court, an usual. wanorganised at IDo'oiook; but from the loa* of papers, neglect af witn??a-s to attend and other iucidentnl matters connected with tbe trial, not having been provided for, the public business was delayed from 10 to 1 o'clock in the afternoon It was at length agreed between counsel on b >th sides, to read the notes taken, by the prisoners oonnsei, on a preliminary examination of Miss Kox before Judge Kdmonds. subject to all just exceptions The paper was then read.atiar which the prisoner's oounsel said he had no further testimony to offer Mr Cutting offered to put In aridence a etat-ment ma te by Miss Kox, before II. W Osborne. Special Juatioe, oo tbe'J'il August last, for the purpose of showing that that statement was consistent with her evidence given ou tbe trial yesterday. Objected to, nn the ground that it was never read to, or sUned by, Mise Koi. vv m T. Child*, examined?Was present when she made th? statement, and saw her slgo it; it was first read to her by Justice Osborne. Croti-exmintd? Does not know what tbe motive was for drawing up that psper; it waa drawn up by Mr. Whiting; Justice Osborne was present when the paper was drawn up; it waa done at her father's; she was In the room at the time; there were present, myself, Mary, Mr. Whiting, and Justice Osborne, and no one else; I now remember the purpose for which the paper was drawn np: it waa in consequence cf a demand uiade by Hare's c- unset that it was drawn up U. ? When be was brought before Judge Jones, on habeas corpus, was there any affidavit' A?I am not prepsred to say I think there waa an affidavit made by Daniel Nestle I think It was before her examination before Judge Kdmoods that this affidavit was made Q.?Are you sure it was within aw ek of her examination ' A ?I do not know what lspse of time there was between the adjournment and her exsmlnation ; I am, therefore, not prnpar d to say Dirtcl F.iamin turnII ruimr ,I?The affidavit was drawn up in ooneeonence or a declaration made by the prlfoner'e counatl I'rlaonor'a covin*'I again objected, that declaration* ma Jo out of court cannot lie iD'roduced to ohow that a 1 wtmeaa told the came atory cut of oourt a? that gireu ?? 1 the eland Mr. CuTtmu, for the proaeoiition.oontandedthfitwln n the advarae party iutrodnca evidence to ehow that a wit- 1 neea haa tola a different atory on a former examination from that which ah* told on the aland, the rule of oourt wae to permit other atatemente made by the wltneea, which ware aubetantlally the aame aa the evidence given on trial. to corroborate the latter. The Jveea mid, the Cowl were of opinion that the .'! Jl"." 11 1 LD. Frio* Two Cento evidence was not adtnl?Ml>le. The course now Insisted on w?nt to raise m collateral issue, which was the cm? in the cause of Kob re. Ilacklvy, oited. Objection sustained. The prisoner's counsel then proceeded to rum up, end wm followed by Mr Cutting on the part of the prosecution. Alter Mr Cutting bed finished hit argument, the Court adjourned to to-innrrow (this) morning. HtratMx Coi'ht, January 4?Hpoclat Term?Before iuetiio iiarrie TDicitionn?Slonnn vs Exceptions to master's report upon claims to surplus moneys arising from a sale < f premises, under a ile -ree of foreclosure L)u(T. the defendant, b-lng lod-bted to James Burtfs In the mm of $!)34 94; to Peter Morris, $IHS, and to Mathew Duff #1 6o0 on the 4th December, I H4t> confessed a judgment for these three debts On the flth January, l?47, AlfreltJ Jones recovered u ju Igment against Duff lor 1?I4> 109; both tbe?o ju Igmenta were a lien upon the premises sold, and the piaincilTs la both judgments claimed the surplus moneys The claims on both judgineMs were resisted by the plaintiff Th<i claim on the second judgmsut was resistod on the ground that the judgment ronfeesol to liurtl* included In it an usurious loru The facts In relation to the loan were as f illows:? Burtls kept an exchange often, and was in the habit i f leading anourrnnt money, to be paid in current funds Krom time to time he had leut Duff unourreat money, and the condition of the loan was. tboy should be repaid, in current funds, in a week The money thus loaned would pass curicnt In the way of trade, aod could he c inverted into specie at a discount of about three fourths of one per cent. Held that these facta were not sufficient la taint the transaction with usury; that it might, fairly he regarded as au exchange of cte dlts from which the parties d rived a mu'ual advantage. Duff obtaining the lmm-dlatc use of what was equivalent to specie to hoi and Having a week's Interest, su l Iinrtis receiving money receivable by the New York banks for hie bills, agnin?t solvent specie paying hanks, at less inconvenience. ?ud perhaps lrss expense, than by pr-sentiug the bib fur redemption Kxceptions to master's report allow-d and ordered that surplus moneys b i paid to plaintiff in the tlret judgm-nt Dnnkm vt l.nwr nrr ?Moiioa for reference toMC-rtain the deranges sustainvd hy >he defendant, by reason of the issuing lb- icjuactlnu In this cause. Count?When an Injunction Is dissolved upon the hill alune, it is a Una' dec siou that the plaintiff is not equt bly entitled to the injunction ; but when an In ju otion Is dissolved, uuno tb- coming in of tbe answer, the defendant is not entitled to a reference ui til after the final hearing, on proof, fur It ui> y appexr that llio b II is true, and the answer denying the equity of it ts talHe; and although the li junction had been dissolved upon the answer yet. In fact, tbe plaintiff wss equitably entitled to the Injiinat'ou Motiou gra ted fn Ike nt'ilier of J tin Huiun <i Lunatic ? Motion to set aside the proceedings for the appointment of a ceuiniitteo in this mat's , oo the ground that the Inquisition taken upon the execution of the commission oi lunacy, was insuQlclent The jury fund that Mason w?s so far wmkeued and Impaired in the faculties of bis mind, as to bs mentally inoHpsble of the government of himself, and of the roauag-ment of his Nffairs It was, therefore, contended that, to give the Court jurisdiction of the person and e-tatu f the lunstlo. the jury should have found, In the language of the statute, that he wits " of unbound mind " I'he ' ourt held, that though the return of the jury wss informal, it was sufficient to give the Court jurisdiction. and that the proceedings fi r the appcintineut ofa oommltt.ee we < regular li'otf t'? Hmricki? Motion to s-t aside execution Issued to the Mber.ff of Queens County, and subsequent proceedings In May, IH10 >. suit was commeuued iu tlis New York Common Pl-ne, by plaintiff, sg dtist defendant. and judgment recovered In 1843, wnich was Hubsequcutiy iilflrraed iu the Supreme Court, aud afterwards by the court of Errors. In N >veiub*r, 1846 llenrioks was appointed by tho Duke of Mux* Ailenbnrgh, ?, ln,l,,niin(lunl .1,,. ,.f I r,,.nu hi- IV,.....I .? Now York. It was iiielsti-d th?t by lb" constitution aud lawn of the United States tbe federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction against Amiga IllklipllUI and Consuls, aud that Henriolts was withdrawn from the State Courts, when he received his appointment Tbe Court hrld that the question of jurisdictli n is to be determined by tbe state ol things at the time the suit was commenced ; and as at that time the State Courts bad exclusive jurisdiction, the subsequent appointment of Iienrioksas Consul did not div?st their jurisdiction It was also held that if Henriuks could at all avail himself of his appointment to defeat, the jurisdiction of the Stale l 'ourts, he could only have done so in the ( i mm' u l'lea? that having himself brought a writ ot error aud retnevud the cause Into the Supreme Court., he was exoluded from denyiog its jurisdiction Motion denied Titu$ vi Curtly ?Motion denied, with $'J0 coats, to ha p lid by plaintiff. Judge Harris' written opinions in the above oases.are at tbe offlioe of C. A. Dawson, Esq , .18 Wall street. Suprkmf Cofsr?Gkorrai. Tfrw.?Present, Justices Strong, McCoun, and Edwards. - The I'topl* vs Madam* Ht %t?ll ?The argument of the wilt ot orxor in this cause is fixed for to-morrow (this) morning. The Court then took up the argumuut-callendar, and called the first cause, whiah was iu part argued, it is understood it will take up two or three days. Si'raBM* Cooav?Ucskkal Pbrm.?Present, Justices Strong, McCoun and Edwards.?January i.? In re Madam* Heittll ?An application was made on Tuesday, to the Supreme Court, to admit Madamn Kestell to bail, pendiDg the writ of error to reverse her oonvlot ion The Court gave its d< ci?loa this morning, denying the motion, not on the ground that the ease wws r*t judicata, or that the Court had not power to go behind LhM nonvidfidn hut. fliaf. it. rliil not nnun p h. frtr* them tbat them ru probable cause; and, raoreorar. as the District Attorney bad expressed tbat be wan ready to proceed with the arguiueut of the writ of error at any moment, they therefore held their interference was an. aeoeiisary. The Court soon alter adjourned I'niTRoSrAT?aDi(TRicTCoirRT,Jan. 0.?Before Judge Detta.? Tbe United Staieeea 11-nry UuttlesonLiability oj Mutterj of Vrteeli in cate of not bringing back tb-ir Crrwt.?Thia waa an aotion to reooyer the penalty of a bond given by the defendant to tho United Htatea The defendant waa matter of the bark Anahuac, and Itave the urijrI clearance bond on the departure of the yeaael for Rio do Janeiro. in November. 184d,conditioned that fie would bring back to the United States all the peraona whoae nainea were elgued to hit orew-liat. He did not, however, bring back one Aden Taylor, who went ont aa aecond mate, and the action ia brought to recover the penalty of the bond The defence waa, thai Taylor rlaeerted at Rio, but the evidence failed to establish it. and the jury found a verdict for plaintiff for $400. I' K. Marbury for the U. 8 ; W. R. Beebe for defendant. Court ok Grveral Bustio**?Jan 6?Before Recorder Scott and Alderman Oe Forrest and Kelly. Jonaa B ruilllpa, F.sq . District Attorney.* Sentenced ?Samuel Oppenheimer, who waa convicted yesterday of receiving gooda, knowing the aame to hava been stolen, waa pieced at the bar for sentence, at the opening of oourt thia morning. In oocaxjuence of it having been abowu in tbe course of the trial tbat the acouaed had previously austained an eicellent character, and in eonslder&tlon of tbe jury having recommended him to meroy, the Court sentenced him to be imprisoned in the penitentiary for the brief period of 6u days Trial for receiving nolen g-odt ?Patrick Leonard waa then placid at the bar for trial, on a charge c( having, in the month of October last, received from a lad, about Id years old. named Hugh Donigan. about $60 worth of crockery and glass ware, knowing ihe aame to have been stolen The jury found the prisoner guilty, and reeomm-nded him to the mercy of the Court ?Sentence deferred Trot f?r gt and larceny?John Smith Indicted for grand larceny, in having b?en concerned with Feltus Schneider in stealing a wagon, worth $60, belonging to Baruok H.leu, on the id of ipril las'. Mr Stikv examined ?The wagon In question waa stolen from the front of my house No 101 Seeond-St. In consequence of mfirmatioa obtained, I went to Smith's house with an officer Smith r-fu**d to let tha < fllcer enter his premises without a search-warrant On looking down into Smith's cellar, we discovered tha wagon taken to pieces A search-warrant waa then obtained, and tbe property recovered , it coat me $74 a few months before It was stolen Officer Starchk examined ?I went with Mr. Stlen to the house of Smith in 47th street, where I found the w.?g< n claimed oy .?ir mien a? uie properly arnuu denied baring It. and refused to 1st ma search the hoove. On the part of the d> f-nec, Li Lcn Moom testified that, while at Smith's house, she s?w two urn take tbn wsgon therr Th? prosecution th'n produced several witnesses to show tbr bad oharactrr of th- witn-ss who bad untitled In brhalf ot tbr prlaoorr The jury rendered a Tartlet cf guilty ?Sentence deferred. Thr court then adjoutnad Court o? Gkrirsl Svniows, Jan 6. - Before Rf eord r Scott, and Aldermen DeKoireet and Kelly. Jonas B Phillips. Erq , Assistant District Attorney Smt-ncd ? Patrick Leonard, who was oooTiotad yesterday of purchasing from a lad. a lot of glass and orockary ware, knowing thr saraw to haee Wen stolen, ass brought into court this morning, and sentenced to AO days imprisonment in the peultentiary f'ira ?f (tuiliy.?1 harlrs Dumas, indicted for an assault and battery, ptrad guilty to the indictment, and the court suspended judgment in his case. /Vi'nl far Grand Larceny ? Felt us Schneider wa? then called to trial on an Indictment for gland larceny, in having bee.i concerned with John ,Month, in stealing a wagon Worth #40. thr property ol Burrock Htlen, on the Jd Of April last. 1 he teetlinony ftlduoed I" this case was precisely the same as that elisited on the trial of Smith, yesterday, and also resulted In the conTlation of the prisoner. Sentence deferred Trial for Grand bdrceiiy?.ilsrj Reed was next called to trial on an indictment r >r keep! ng a disorderly bouse at No .10 Orange st On thr part of the people a number of witnesses testified that the house of the accused was the resort of thieves and prostitutes Of the most de t Ala... charuftdr tin naadU.* in anil out of th? hou> ' at alt boon of t!i" night T i? cane will b* ran'imrii to morrow, until whnn the ooutt at thlA (tags adjourned Cottar ( ?Kirduy? Circuit C.'url - 1.1, Wor l. u JyAa tk Hutching*; 14, Draw ra Hoft.uan, 9H, Urndoraoa ti Junta; .10, Lrgraaa ra Koirlty, .11.Uar.ira ?* J?watt, 1.1. Tito tar ta King*Co. Marino Inauruio* Co, 35, t.mmona atla L?t; .IK, Princt ad* Damarr-t; .19. B rton aJa Wnuipla; 19, liurton ada Lm; 40 Wtloo-l.t rr. rarioalro; 41 burton t? Sptar; 41, time r* Drowning; 41 *amt *?. Ilall; 44, Ward vs /Hinaon; 45. SUIuon ra l/Alnrr CommonPl<at,latpirt?11, Mall*ctalra B-tat italj 111, Buih .< Hubbard; 413, Uarlln ra Ingvah to, 11 ', Jonoa ra. the Mayor, St j ; 117, L><tria ra Young; 119, it*r?inn tb. Minin i; m, ?v .4ut*i uutjt ri vmny, i Uriflla va Cawbor; I J.1, Smith va \rmtlia!; 7. B >u.htou va i N'a # V or* It HarU-i.i It. K. Co I pan. - 7??, f) i??nbury va Myrra, so, Barman va Hanaton, OS (Irani n i|o|. ilan: loo, Mannlug va Dtyiou; 8, < haoibrrlain v* McKanalt; 8, Taylor va M< fflt 10, foatvr va Brloa; I J. Fblilipa ?. Nalaon; SW. Li Herts va bowar, 1H Monro r?. Ruaaalj M, I Hay w Oil mora. 7b. Oaaaln ?? onfla