Newspaper of The New York Herald, February 9, 1861, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD. j*mmu eoatuoa u mm m mtt, OtTSup ? 'H'-PRIETOR. omom w. v. gokkmk or miTu* uip maamau its. faliM ttvi No. 3? AMUBBIIBM'V HI la KV8NIKO. MBJLO'K UiKDIK, tmawar -Tliilfi Of MAi.AKorr. WINTER QAIirK*, opposite Bond IBOH (!ui: r? I>OK U*A.?B BK liiZA*. BOWERY THBATKB, Bo wery ? v Nioht in Wonoib Would. vrxLUUIt'lt THEATRE. Bioadway.?Old HmOi uu Youact IJsAjm. I, AUK A skene'S THEATRE, n? CM BronlwkJ. Bxvaa Hunu. HEW BOWT.RT theatre, Bo?^ry.?Atterni kid and Evening-J?c* tiABuavia?Nobui .->oloi?b- LAriTTK. Tmn rRK rRAKOAli*, .via Broadway.?L* Oouttttiiit r* li(?l BARNUM'S AMRRH'Af sil'HEl'M. Broadway. -Day and Evening?Th* lui?? ?** Tuorui?Li?u<u Quiuoai ?ISA, AO BRT ANTS' MINSTREL*. M-ctuBW Ball, m Brond way.?lil'i.UtAtULA, HOKO*. l)**a*a. *0 ?4kJ*diiha At Qub nri nOOMTT A C* MMINSTRELS, RIMo'a Saloon. Bnuidnu).?ETRioruK ^nua. Dakckm, ButUauuui. Ac. trnok m*u(1 Hmajia. fMNTFRCRT KC81C hall, tea Broadway.?Tiuh? Koi k, bo.M.s, DaXCXa. Brtti.K anKis Ac MELOPRON, No. W Broanway.?rtOKW, Dajicks, Urs l?QUH>, Ac. ART UNION, No. 497 Broadway.?Bouunwaa, Bonos, Da.ickb, Ac. TEIPLE SHEET. K?\? York, Naiuiday, Iffbraar; V, lmu. The N<hi, The President sent in a menage to the House yesterday, embodying the correspondence between the government and Colonel Hayne, of South <. arolina. The reply of Colonel Hayne to the lust communication of the President was not received in time to l.e laid before the House, bat will be found elsewhere in our columns. Colonel Hayne and Lieuti nant Hall left Washington ycaterdav for Charleston. \dvice- from Montgomery, Alabama, affiim that the Southern Cougresa is about to iuaugurate a system of free trade for the Southern States, and. with ? view to revenue, will levy an export duty of half a cent per pound on ootton. A poll tax will also be levied, so as to produce equality of taxation un the produciug and consuming in terests. Th? Peace Congress at Washington held a short pension yesterday. The ro.nmitree who arc ar ianglng a mode of settlement were, however, en gaged in ont of the day in perfecting their plans. The indications arc that many points of the Crit tenden. Kigler and border States propositions wiil be adopted. One of the mi-tubers of the Conven tion received a communication trom several lead iug bankers and brokers of this city, statin# that utilers measures of compromise were come to the incoming administra-ion would have nothing to expect from these capitalist* in upholding tlie financial credit of the government. In the Louisiana Convention on Thur-dny, a re solution iinitiug all the States, except thom of New England, to join the Sonthern confederacy, was made the special order for Saturday. A full teport of the custom receipts at New Orleans wis made by the Collector of that port. A law was passed by the Convention yesterday continuing the old federal laws relating to Circuit and District Courts. Resolutions w. re also offered modifying the revenue law* ?o as to impone a apecillc duty on Migai and also to admit cotton baggiug fn i? of duty. Polecatps are to be appointed by Texa* to the Montgomery Convention, a- members of the con ference, until a vote is taken on the ordinance of Be cession. The l'loriila legislature will adjourn on the 1 tth Inst. The new postal law has passed one branch of tlie Legislature. The consideration of the bill for the expulsion of free negroes has bein indefi nitely postponed. To-day elections take place in Tennessee to de cide whether the people of that Htate are in fa\or or opposed to holding a Convention, and al.-o for the tie etion of delegates. If the majority of the people vote in favor of ? Convention the delegates elected will meet on the 26th in*t. 1 he proceedings of Congress yesterdav po no features of peculiar interest. In the Iloure Mr. Ktlfogg, of Illinois. broke through the trammels of j arty, and delivered an energetic address in favor of measures of compromise. The tfme of the Eeuaie was principally occupied in a debate on extending the pat?nt for a reaping machine, during w hit h a flsre up occurred between Me-srs. Douglas acd Fessenden. 1 lie committee appointed to investigate the facts in relation to the robbery of the InJian boi.ds, have concluded their labors, and will lav tiuir report before the House on Monday. Commander idward (J. Tilton committed sui ide at his residence in Washington, yesterday ufter tioen, by shooting him-Hf in the head with a pis tol. lie is tuppoeed to have been laboring under mental alienation Considerable business was transacted in our State Legislature yesterday. In the Senate, th? Railroad Toli bill was up, ami received somewhat of an airiig.but no finite disposition. A bill was introduced similar to the one reported in the lower house the day before, in reference to re funding to the national government, by en dorsement of its bonds, the amount of kit plus funds deposit/d with the State in 18^7. A resolution was moved, proposing certain question* to the Governor in ref. rence to the New York Harbor Masters, wh'ch whs laid over to the next cxccuthe session. In the Assembly numnroin pe titions were presented and various reports made. Among ihe latter was one in reference to amending the chatter of New York cisy. The bill passed by the Senate the previous day. appropriating $?}??>,Ow to arm and equip th- militia of the State, w.t* un der consideration. Tbuilow Weed was elected by bolh houses to fill th< place in the Washington < onference Commission ot Addison Gardiner, who has declined to serve. Mr. Weed, on his elc. ti< n being made known to him, ul?o declined to serve in thai pnplir capacity, though it is said that he expresses his iateution to be present in Washing ton during the tdlting of the Conference, and to oik his Influence to promote flic object it ha* in tiew. IT. Ji.Kr, Wakcman Fran^, an rmlitsnt physl cian of this city, and diat.nguinhed lor his contri butions to mritlrai literature, died yesterday, aflt r a painful and proira< ten Mini s. The Fowler defocatl m m ? *?> procecdrd with yeaterday in the United , bittrict Uourt the testimony bavin* bwn taken, the Court a 1 journed no til Monday, who a counsel will -urn nt? The extraordinarj gsl snd ?).? tions of temperature o.i Tinr'^iv a ?.n . .. . j u a* tfl<* extreme cold yesWiUy, hav? jr.^ked ?ucl /omment. A full report n' ihe exier.t. p?e?|,?J featmea, damages and efTV t* <,( <i,.. Ka| |;V i| and sea. wi-h the quv'a'iun* of iho thermometers in various cities, will be found in our news column The Ice fn the Central Park was yesterday visited t.v about eleven thousand peop;>, but the wind was too levere to allow of evrn orditArily com fortable Skating. The fnet ciaokeJ the ice se verely, the "bnnging" I. t. . , onHantly h ard all day,' Laitf.lgnt the j c: I is to be flooded b> ti.ran? of tie Crohn 'H tt t.it? that never."' The "Fuller*" are to skate to-day on Silver Lake, Stateu Island. Hy the steamship Canada, which arrived at Hali fax yesterday, we have European adviees to the 27tli ult., two days later. The advices are interest ing. The siege of Gacta still continued, and the besiegers were doing much damage to the city. The Bardiniana entered the Roman States on the 22d of January, dispersed the revolutionary bands, and burned a convent. The typhoid fever is said to be making ravages in the city of Uaeta. It waB rumored that the French troops at Borne were to be superseded by Sardinians. The mili tary preparations in France still continued. Tien, tsin dates are to the 2lBt of November; but nothing of particular importance from that quarter is given. The rebels were reported to be gaining strength. In the Liverpool market, on the 26th ult., breadstuff^ exhibited a declining tendency, and provisions were dull. In London consols were quoted at the c lose, on the 26th, at 91*^ a 91^ for money, and at 91% for account. On the i'ith, French rentes, on the Paris Bourse, closed firm at C7f. 50c. The mails by the steamship Anglo-Saxon, which arrived at Portland on Wednesday night, reached this city last night. We publish this morning some details of European news of general interest. A very important meeting on the cotton supply question has been held at Manchester. Both the speakers and the meeting appeared to be greatly impressed with the danger which undoubtedly exists that the critical state of affairs in the United States will occasion a great diminution of the sup ply of cotton from this country. The special ob ject of the meeting was to obtain public support for a company which has been established for the purpose of promoting the cultivation of cotton in various parts of the world. The pony express passed Fort Kearney on the 8th inst. It brings no news. The steamship Un | cle Sam left San Francisco for Panama January 21. j She has $1,044,000 on freight. Files of Venezuelan papers have come to hand i from Caracas to the 20th and Laguayra to the j 21st ult. Congress was to meet at Caracas on ! the 20th, where the members were arriving very ; slowly. A dangerous conspiracy was discoverel in Maracnilio on the night of the 7th, the very night the conspirators had fixed on for a demon stration, and nipped before the tellows could do more than commcnce. Most of them made their en-ape under cover of the darkness. According , to advices from Barcelona, dated January 9, Julio Monagas was in that province, deserted by all his followers except a few desperate criminals who have no hope of any mercy in this world, and are afraid to surrender. General Jose Tadeo Mo nagas, who Is in the island of Trinidad, is said to ; be suffering extreme poverty. The Inde : pendiente of Caracas publishes a call on charitable persons to subscribe sufficient to keep the unfortunate man from dying of starvation. The desire that General Paez, at pre I 1 , sent resident Minister to the United States, should i return and take the command in chief of the army ! seems to be very general. The papers arc filled j wiili letters and addresses upon the subject. The exiles to San Domingo, who have lately returned to Venezuela, were furnished gratis, previous to their departure, with everything they needed, by Governor Valverde, of San Domingo City?conduct which merits the gratitude of all Venezuela. The official communication to General Paez, in regard to his recall, will be found in our news columns. The foreign tews received by the Canada, yesterdiy, of dulneai In ihe IJverpool cotton market, hid the effect of rendering it less sti.b'e with us, while prices wore unset tied anil lrr< g'Jjr. the '?ales embraced about 800 biles, in lots from stor*. on the basts of 4'>ont 11 ??<- a ll\'c. Flour was heavy, and common Mid median brands were about fire cents per barrel lower, wliile extra grades were unchanged. W beat was in fair demand, wliile price* favored purchasers, especially for the lower qualitie . Coin wan heavy and lower, while sales were to a fair ex tent. i'oik w.is rather firmer, w bilesalee were moderate, with sales of aces at $17 50 and of prime at $13. Hug irs were in good request, with ir.iles of 1,300 hhus. Coffee was quiet and sales limited Freights to Liverpool wore l>rm t, corn nn<t wheat were engaged, in balk and ship's bags, at ll.'fcd. a 1M-, and four nt 3t. 6d. Cignntlr Cnnnjilrar)- of the Antl-Nlmrry School ?f Mnmmttiaiirtt* to Destroy the lutcu anil EiUbllth a Military l)r? potlim. Senator St ward has iniMd the fiat that " red buttle," shall be the resort to which republicans v. ill appeal, to carry out the " irre pressible conflict" b?tw<en North and South, and to .--weep away, as " moths disappear be fore a whirlwind," 4evt rybody who shall re sist, oppose, or stand in the way of the full fruition by ibolitioni-m of the results of its labors during the last thirty years. Fatally prophetic was tbe hostile thought of Sir Robert Feel, over a quarter of a century since, that the ajrgit"- ive mea-ures thi n germinating in I'nglaiid ngair.pt slavery on this Continent, i ?? would be the btst investment ever made for the overthrow of American iLStitutlons." We sre them, indeed, tottering to their downfall. And how ? By aneb prep iration* for a militury despotism, a1- only the bigotry, fanaticism and ruthless intolerance of Exeter Ilall and the Stafford Houm' could have imported into Mas sachusetts and by such means as only the hor rible school of Phillips, Garrison, Giddings, Seward. Greeley, and Lincoln, would have ever dared to t arry out. One short year ago, the country was at peace. Within a month we have seen the bristling of bayonets, the heavy tread of artillery, an<l the incipient efforts of military It aders preparing the^way for a chaott of ruins, and the wolf like homage which insa t'ate anibition j ay- to blood. Lot sober minded Citizens p;?use and ponder over the e\ents whiffe have been parsing before them, i inee the lust Presidential election, and then pronounce whether tfe Tnitet^States does not bid fair f oon to b?-couie "the Xiobeof nations " with but an empty urn to mark the place which once ronta'md the ou.-t of its dead liberties, unless they intertere promptly to prevent so awful a Catastrophe. When ahundred gun were 9red at Wa<hing ton, a few day ago, to eel bra'e the admi*Bl<>n into thf Union of Kansas, a thrill of terror pusetd through 'he hearts of tho^e were greeted by tbe Miuiid. They f, itred tb*t Civil war had already commenced. They had n puradu'g down Pennsylvania avenue, with all the splendid ostentation of (Uttering arnn and beating drum'", the troops which General Hco't ba<l assembled; they had h-'arti the call of General Wo.l for a hundred thou Fand mrre war hounds to aid in tearing tne ccuMry to pieces; tbr beseeching letmr of Governor Hieks, that b g'on? might be in ?vadl aess for the 4th of March, around the paling* of the White House. Lad been notified to the world; telfR'aph'c despatches bad announced the pnuMge of dragoons, marines and tnfautry 'hrotigh Bal'tmore, Kanras, Lexington, N?w ^ ork, Philadelphia. St Louis and eveo Angii4 ta, G? orgia, on th< ir way to the national capi tal and tl e people felt tnnt they might well bo aUm t d. And thii-is hut n small part of tf?e , Impending ptospo' t of milit-try horrors. Sec retary of tbu Treasury l?iv, true to his old fr*e . soil afBliatlon?, t..M< i^tteii ord. rs to his subor | diiiate* at N-w Orleans to "moot dowo on I 'he spot' at.) actively frr.dltg iniiviriu*!; j Goretnor MorK?n lll^n'ly, uaoonstitntlua* ally and in di fit net of all prevalent, tenders to'tbe President of the United States, the mili tia force of New York, to war upun the South, uh flippantly as though slaughter had been the occupation of hia life, and the bodies and aoula of the people of the State were really at his disposal. Tbe ardent thirst of General Sand ford to emulate tbe honors of Miramon. Alva rez or Buatamente is familiar to ua all. The MasRacbuBotts legislature has just 'ordered a bill to be engrossed, with a clause that the militia of the Bay State shall hold itself in readiness to be placed at the disposal of the President (Mr. Lincoln) "for Bervice outside of Uie Commonwealth, at no distant day.'' Mili tary associations are organizing ia various parts of the Northwest; General Weigh?man ia seeking to discipline the police of Washington; conferences of officers, are held almost d tily at tbe .War Department; and, not contented with this, commerce' itself has been obstructed by our State Executive, in order to weaken the adversary in future conflicts. Can anything be imagined more atrocious more heartrending than this steady roll on ward of a flood which threatens to devonr be fore it every trace of our past prosperity a-> a nation. "The Lord shall spill the blood of those who traffic in tbe souls of their fellow uien," cried out a fan*tic abolitionist, a long while ago. and with such a programme the fir.-t anti-slavery society in England was establish ed, in 1823. British agents, like Thotupsou, seized upon tbe scheme to sow dissension in America, und it required but a short tim<> to impregnate with the poison our Tappans, Garrisons, I'hillipses, Leavitts and Lovejo>s. They complained that the constitution of tbe United States was "a covenant with death and agrei ment with hell," and large subscrip tions from Great Britain, aided the conspira tors in their persistent efforts to obtain u foot bold in the republic tbey were destined to tin dermine, and perhaps ultimately to destroy. Stafford Douse, Exeter Hall, and the tories agreed with Peel, that money so spent was a gra:.d political investment. The movement, however, was unpopular. Until ls;t7, it en gendered only riot*, rebellions, murders, and insuirectiors. A distinct political party of abolitionists. did not succeed iu forcing itself into lv ing until 1P40 Then came tbe nomina tion of Birney and Earle for President and Vice President of the United States. It pared the w?v for the lenoinination ot Birney in 1844, which divided the vote of the State of New York, and secured the election of Polk. This was a thunder clap. It startled the na tion. Demagogues begun to perceive that u new balance of power wus being created, aud when Van Buren. as the ub< lhioniat candidate for the ensuing term, defeated Cass and elect ed Taylor, it became evident that from that tim< ferward old heresies must become gra dually merged in tbe one stupendous treason, which hud insidiously, slowly, but surely, worked itself in'o a dividing line between tLose who cherished the Institutions of th? country and the traiiots who were resolved t,o destroy it. Rapid has been the progress down ward ever since. The reaction which carried Pierce and afterwards Buchanan into the Pre sidmtial chair, has only lasted long enough fcr tbe Massachusetts school to concentrate its energies, prepare its platform, and define clear ly tbe appliarces it would use to accomplish its nefarious, treasonable cuds. Garrison. Giddings, John (^uincy Adatns, Greeley, Sumner, and Seward burn been the several stepping stones that hare led to the Chicago platform, and to the elevation of Abraham Lincoln to the Presidency of the Union. Their bin-is of action is Identical; and, however differently they tnay choose to express their views, their end is the same, and the re sult they have in view equally disastrous to the country. They all avow th*ir coiumou origin Senator Wilson expressed the pride be felt in acknowledging himself a disciple of Garrison Seward declared to the people of Boston that. however he might preraricate in other respect*, it was "his duty to confess that if he hail ever conceived ? resolution to maia tain the interests of the free States, he bid learned it in Massachusetts " From hia pil grimage to confer with the man who boasted that the '-Union could not lust twenty years," he says that lie "derived every resolution, every sentiment" 'bat has sine* "inspired him.'' The perseveringly wicked steadfast ness Willi which abolitionist leaders have con tinued to sow the dissension which is bringing forth such bitter fruits, sufficiently attests the truthfulness of these saying*. Under their guidance, the Northern States first insisted upon putting Southern institutions under a ban, by excluding tbeta from the common territory; then the right was assumed to confiscate South ern property if found at the North; afterwards acts were passed to nullify the constitution, and impede the reclamation of fugitives from sorvict-; uext an active *ys tem of propagaodism was inaugurated among the slaves themselves, and the press was pros tituted and the pulpit desecrated, to incite to insurrection, murder and rapine. Last of all they have fastened the incubus of their power upon th<- necks ot the country: and, unable yet to restore the hangings, burnings, drawings and quarteririgs of bygone ages, they are aft pealing to the capitalist* of New Vork nnd New Kngland to put tecs of millions of money into their hands to enforce their diabolical scIk dk s wiih the biyonet. Under such a rfgimf, it will require but a very short period to sink the nation into the lowest depths of degradation. If th?> good set.se, 'h<' wisdom, the civili/.a'ii n. the hum mi ty of the age, do not rescue us from ?uch a e soit to the ultima ratio of sections, a* Mr. Seward and his associates of the Mas-achuseas school htiTe prepared for us, it will require but a very few months to overthrow tho prosperity which over three-quarters of a century of in dustry and energy have created, and to ex haust ihe means which ft has cost so much tod and labor to accumulate. If peaceful counsel* ?lo not prevail, U will not be enough that the hsnd* of brethren will be imbrued fn each other's blood; but the present military prepara tion* which are paving the way for the inaugu ration ot Mr. Ltucolo, will be bnt the first steps towai ds the uprising of ambitious leaders every w<iete, and Anally of the whole North becom ing M.bmitted t<< a fonl military despotism If the vant masses, who repudiate the coercion sei.|>met.ts which *re hurrying the republic so ; rapMly ti wttrds a precipice, do not rise in their tui^bi to stay the course of those who areab mt to be invested with powiT, "destruction will toon com* to reark what deeds are done" tn COt>M*quei?c?? o' 'beir neglect The strenuo'ts ? fT'ori* of every g"od citizen should be used to atirt ibe ivlls by which we are threatened. If they lire not, the lava will, before the lapse ot many weelis, pour over tbe edge of the orator of ? volcano wbose Area are already rumbling beneath with every element of fiery destruction. t'be Latest Pkin or the Italian War. By the Catuda. at Ualitax, we learn that lhe siege of Gaeta continued, and was occasioning much damage. The Sardinian t roops entered the Koman States on the 22d ulL, wben they dis persed the reactionary bands and set fire to i-ne of the convents. The pro'ectiou which the Bourbon King found in the presence of the French fleet at Gaeta has been withdrawn; yot his determina tion to resist to the last remains. -The un yoked for bravery displayed by the y?aug Kiiig since taking refuge behind the walls of his fortress stands out in singular contrast with the cowardice and indecision which dis tinguished hiui at the time of his inglorious flight with his army from Naples, to make way for the undisciplined volunteers under Gari btildi. Had he taken a firm stand then aad shown a fraction of the courage that be has since, despite the defections among his troops, the utmost efforts of the emancipators of Italy would have been unavailing to resist the Mreugth and precision of the Neapolitan bat talions. liut what was the Bourbon's loss was Italy's gain, and the triumph of Guribaldi be came synonymous with that of liberty. That extraordinary and obstinate resistance which will make the name of Gaeta celebrated in history promises soon to come to an end. Yet it will only succumb to the fearful odds against it, and when no possibility of pro longing it exists. It was bo doubt against the sympathies of the French Emperor that the fleet whi< h prevented the Sardinian siege by water hud to be witudiawu, in order to preserve a s'i pulated neutrality. The feeling in Englaui had become .-o stiongly adverse to this French in terfnence that Louis Napoleon found it im possible to tun with (he hare and hunt with the hounds any longer; to that, however uopleas ant ibe necessity ot withdrawing the fleet, ne found himself in the position of a man com pelled to yield or Buffer worse consequences. Francis II. does not appear to have awaited the attack of the Sardinian fleet, but, with a daring quite in keeping with his general conduct at Gaeta. unexpe< tedly opened aheavy fire upon the fourteen vessels composing it early on the moiningof the 22d of last month, to wnich, of course, the Sardinians were not slow in re sponding, and there was hot work on both widen for some hours. The motives which may inspire the joung King in prolonging this defence of his stronghold can hardly be prompted by the hope of restoration to hit> throne. The probability of royalist reaction in Naples being successful has very much di minified, and grows less and less every day. lhe proi-pect of an Italian-Hungarian war against Austria in the approaching spring is now very remote and indistinct; so that the advantages which would have resulted to him in the event of Austria defeating the Italians in sueh h campaign cannot be looked for; and it is very evident that if any of the European Powers, great or small, meant to espouse his cause, tiiey would have done so already. Francis II. has, then, It would seem, nothing to tiope for but glory, no other object than to show the wot Id that he can act the brave as will as the cowaid. It may be that his Queen has much to do with hit* unflinching resolve to defend Gaeta. With all the graces of person which belong to youth, beauty and exalted rank, she has com bined a power of adaptation to circumstances and a heroic indifference to danger whioh could not tail in their effect as a brilliant example of (!?? voted attachment to the King in his mis fortuu? h, and of bold defiance to his enemies. She t>iu> shown herself on the ramparts in the midst of the enemy's fire; she has visited the sick and w ounded, and cheered them with kind words and hopeful assurances; nhe has appear ed as a guuroian angel in the hour of dauger, and hi i'ai bed comfort and consolation to the dying; she has shown no selfish monopoly of the luxuries to which she had been accus tomed, but dispensed with a willing hand to all, and with a buoyancy of spirits which M?m, to lift her above the perils and dis comfort by which she is surrounded; she sent an older to Naples tlirco weeks ago for h mt new die-ses, to ho made according to the latest French fashions. Thin showed the du-h of the youtig Qne? n. and the will she hid to sharo tbu loriunes of the King to the end, which, by her oruers for new druses, she ap peared sanguine hks rather far off. It U pleasant to meet wiih snch instances of courage and devotion under the most trying circum stances, and we m*y be assured they will not be lust to posterity I5u> all this dues not alter the di siio tilt by all lovers of Italian liberty for the speedy success of the bombardment and the fiual extermination of a dynasty Whuih has been the great scourge ot a people, than whom there are none more capable of enjoying and making the best u.-e of their independence. Timkkr for Oi o Ant's Cabinet.?According to 1be account* from Sprlngfteld and other quarters, Old Ab?? hss m^re difficulty in se lecting proper timber for his Cabinet than he ever had in rsil splitting. lie no soiner picks out what is 'in his judgment promising mate rial 'han he i* met with the objection that it is unbound, rotten and not likely to stand w? ar Why d??e? be not choose some of the tough old Western Inmber which he was for merly accustomed to handle? I'amiso Miikh Ukum FaUM Colors. - "Where there's a will there's a way," says the proverb, and the Rochester Democrat hasjust given us a lair instance of it. A young man in that city was in the habit of aeuding tu his mother, residing in one of the .Southern States, an occasional copy of the New York Tribune, which, however, the pfwtmaster took good care to seize as an "incendiary" publication, and re torn to the place whence (t came. At last the inventive genius of the son hit upon an i expedient whioh recalls to us the aphorism, | '-Neoei-stty is the mother of invention." He cnt the heading from a C 'py of the Nsw Yokk ' IIxrai.d and pasted It ovsr that of the Tribune. When it came into the hands of the Soathern postmaster the bogus title carried the payer | through without delay, and the moth?#* had the i aatiofacuon for once ?f reading a copy si the gospel according to Massa Greeley. Therefore, | postmasters, <hji quod cu/it MiCinnT ron the Whit* HoCWr?We ?e? by our Springfb Id correspondence that Mrs Lincoln has been presented with a sewing ma ! cbine. Why doe* not some ingenious inr.-ntor | ofTer her an Improved wasb'ng machino. We It now no'bit g that will be more w>?nted <t the I Whll House. Thk Chkvai.hsk Webb aa? thk Chkvamkk Wtkoff.?It appear* that the recent brochure of tbe illustrious Chevalier Wikoff has created quite a stir among the sucking ministers and amateur diplomats hereabout*. ' Hume of them declare that the Chevalier Wikoff is a myth, that he does not exist in the flesh a; all, and that he is a standing joke for mischievous jour nalists, who happen at times to be bard up fur a piquant paragraph. The Chevalier Webb is particularly exercised ou this subject. He is evidently afraid that Wikoff will pat his nose entirely out. of joint with the European Powers; that be (Wikoff) will neutralize his (Webb's) influence with Palmerston, and quite destroy his chances for that gold snuffbox from tbe Tinleries. So we find the Chevalier Webb, for getting for the moment all his pet projects and endearing reminiscences, ignoring tbe United btutes Kank, lockit g up the mahogany stock and percussion lock pistols, putting aside his mining, fancy stock and real estate speculations, and devoting himself to the very difficult tank of annibiluting the Chevalier Wikoff, and destroying bis position with Palmerston and the Emperor of tbe French. The Chevalier Webb, wbo can be gay aud lively as the young gazelle, and then change to the fierceness of the lion or the ponderosity of tbe elephant, places Wikoff's pamphlet among the first political satires in the language, and gives us to understand that, like Swift's "Tale of a Tub" and "Gulliver's Travels,'' it will hold its position in the comic literature of the day long after tbe political events of which it treat** shall have been forgotten. This is a high compliment for the Chevalier Wikoff, and will make his pamphlet sell extremely well. Whether or not it will injure him with Pal merston, who dearly loves a joke, or with Louis Napoleon, wbo has a sort of grim humor which lights up his most serious letters aud speeches, remains to be seen. Our own opinion is that Webb's chances for another beefsteak with the British Premier, or that bov from the Tuileries, ate in nowise improved, and that Wikoff still remains master of tbe situation. When two such doughty chevaliers join issue, however, who can predict the result? To use one of Chevalier Webb's favorite fighting ex pressions, "Way Clod defend tbe right." Is thk Ckktiui, Park Commission Consti tttionai.??W e perceive that a resolution was adopted at ?be lact meeting of the Board of Al dermen requiring the opinion of the Corpora tion Counsel as to the constitutionality of the Central Paik Commission. It will be remem bered that tbe Court of Appeals decided in the Metropolitan Police case tlat a commission to execute .my trust of a purely local and muni cipal character should be appointed by local and municipal authority; and the constitution ality of tbe police commission was only main tained by the fact that its duties extended into four counties, namely: New York, Kings, Rich mond and We: tchester; hence its authority was not purely municipal. The Central Park Com mission, however, is confined in tho exercise of ull it? duties strictly to the municipality, and there is, therefore, some force in the argument that it bus not been constitutionally created by the ap pointment of the Governor. The Croton Hoard is appointed by the Mayor,, with the approval of ibe Aldermen, and tbe members of the lioard of Charities and Correction (lute Board of Ten Governors) were appointed by the Comptroller. The Central Park Commissioners. tb*n, are the only officials exercising purely local functions t\ho have r? ceived their appointment Irom Al bany. We await Judge Bronson's opinion upon thl? question, ard we hope to see the matter tested in the courts PROOKK88 OK TDK iRnM'RKSHIRI.K Co.NFMCT in thk Hi.ack Rkitblitam I'auty.?The war bo tween llio Weed and Greeley factious of the black republican parly waxes h itter uud hotter ??very day. They t tlk now of a reconstruction o( their orcaiii/.ution, putting Sew>?rd ?t the hi ad, wi'h Weeii ai the tail, ano Webb to do all the lighting lor the concern As lot Greeley, he ih to be left out in the cold altogether; aiul us a ptool of the truth of ilie obi a lage that inig'Mtutus litver come singly, we pcrc?iv? ihnt. the Sproce street philosopher h?* been ueitirg Into trouble in ibe Wo?t. The o?her il?y he went to Springfield and f?o ifod h.s gricfo in * o AbrcLmii'd boMiui, 111 a contub w hicb la-ted during four or fiv<- hours. On the wa> home Gioeley resolved to combine business with pbaMire, nnd pick up a few dollars by u lecture tn Ht Units. He started for thut city; but, hiaiing that it was probable the Mit-frouiiuna would mob him, he turnel tad and commenced running for dear lite, with the old white cott stnaming < ui behind Utile Raymond, lu his celebrated retreat from SolN nno, did not make bettor tune thun that of bin eonfrrrr. lion Ma-sa Gri e ley. Where he is now w?- cannot say?probably h?' ban not yet stopped in bin "wild career.'' Meanwhile Webb, Reward, Weed A Co. are pieparing to divide the rpoila among their fri< nds, nnd poor Greeley in not to have even a dry b?>nc for his ?hare. He has borne th?* bat <le alio the hint of. the day, and ia to be de prived ot any participation in the fruit* of vic tory; he has planted the vineyard, but other* will enjoy the produce thereof. Such Is the lute of people who put tbelr faith in princes, or place confld* nee in the promises of politi clans. Tut Eiiont lorn, i* Canada.?We have re ri lvc?! a communication from Hamilton, C W? in which the writer ltitoims n? that there Is an o'gutitoed body ot five thousand negroes in ( ariada \N est who only await "the signal ot civil war between the North and South'* before tendering ibeir M-rvicew to the North. We have only to say In comment that the North would t ot, nuder auj circumstances, accept the setvicM ot the worthless vagabond*alluded to in any other Capact'y Him that of boot black". The fugitive slaves who iufe*t Chat ham and other parts of Canada have be come a nuisance, with which we shall be v?r> glad to dispense, whether there be war or no war. A Gram* Mii.itap.y Frit: at Wamunoth*.? The iDaogtirat'on of Mr Lincoln promi ? .1he something entirely new in itu pr1uei)'ul fen tori*. General Fcott nnd the Secretary of War me n akmg cxtenMVe preparations to make It the ncciudoii ol a grand military display. In* d< crt we fr rm ?'? be rap'dly gliding Into a military government, If we can ju'^ from w hat ui going on ?t the capital, uud the nir rivinrtlngs which an- likely to accompany the Installation of the new President. ^ft will h? a line "Icht, we ha** no doubt, for hdles ind others who love to behold grund military sp?c tuclee, and wo suppose quite * large number of this cla?a will go on to Washington to witness the novel scene. The Moithcrn Mtrsllw V?BTealt?i Md It* PrograMuie. While the miftcellani'ous politicians 01* the irresponsible Peace Conference at Washington are slowly elaborating their Unien saving spe cifier, the Federative Convention of the seceded Southern States, at Montgomery, Alabama, is as deliberately engaged in the work of organic ing a Southern confederacy, as if the Northers States had been overwhelmed and reduced to an inland sea by some convulsion of nature. The seceded States are simply beyond the reach of any Union saving compromises, be cause the great controlling idea of this South ern revolution is an independent, homogeneous confederation, resting, politically and commer cially, upon the industrial Institution of Afri can slavery. This idea is not a new one. These revolu tionary movements which are bringing it to ? practical fulfilment, eccentric and spasmodic a* they appear, are the results of deep designs, matured by time, and methodically directed to the great end in view. With the admission of California, in 1850, this scln-me of a separate Southern confederacy be.'an to b? seriously agitated and broadly defined. In 1851, the di rect issue of secession upon this provocation of tlie loss of the Southern equilibrium in Con gress was directly tried before the people of South Carolina, Georgia, Alubawa and Missis sippi. I11 that tiial, in each of those Stated, the secessionists were so signally defeated by the Union coalition raised agaiust them that it was supposed secession would not again, per haps, be submitted to the popular vote, even in South Carolina, within th.? limits of the nine teenth century. liut the particular shape in which the dis union experiment was. in 1851. tried in South Caiolina, was in its teachings to the dhsunionists a substantial victory. A convention was elected in raid Slate to decide between independent and co-operative secession. The co-operation istsCarried the day, upon the plea that South Carolina, standing out alone, would be power less, and would speedily be reduced to snbmis sioi.; whereas, by first securing the co-opera tion of the other Southern States, or even hall of them, they m ght establish their independence. The secession lta<Jt iS, however,soon discovered that the simultaneous secession of several Stales could not be reacted, and that the only way to break the bonds of the Union was first to sow broadcast over the South the seeds of dissolution and a Southern confederacy, and then, by separate State action, on the first fa voiable occasion, "to precipitate the cotton State* into a revolution," South Carolina lead ing off in the movement. All this has been done, and all these startling Scu'hern revolutionary proceedings of the last two months could thus be clearly shown to be the premeditated achievements of ten years of organization and systematic agitation. Thus we can now compreh- nd the "true intent and meaning" ?f the repeal of the Missouri Com promise, solve the mystery of those exploded Southern commercial conventions and Walker's filibustering raids, and can satisfactorily explain the dismemberment of the democratic party at Charleston ami Baltimore. We see it all plainly enough now, and our only astoninh ment is ut the incredulity of Northern anti slaveiy fanaticism, through all these ten years of systematic Southern revolutionary ap proaches to this g<-and climax of a Southern confederacy. The occasion anticipated has come, the cotton States have been "precipi tated into a revolution," and the immediate question before us (low is, what is the form of federative government projected by this Mont gomery Convention? The programme indicated comprehends the fund* mental basi-of oar federal cor-stitution, with such modifications an the paramount in Ktiiuti' n of slavery may suggeat. A pro visional government will be first proclaimed, including a President anc Vice President, and a General in-Chief over the armed forces of the confederation. .Senator Hammond, of South Carollra, and Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, have been named among the highest probabilities for Provisional President, and the selection of either of these men would be a judicious" proceeding. To Jefferson Davis, it is generally supposed, will be assigned the con trol of the armed forces of the new confederacy in tte D*-ld. The provisional government thus put in motion will despatch its commissioners >o Washington, and to the great Powers of Europe, with a view to the recognition of its independence, including overtures to the gov ernment at Washington for the surrender to the South* rn confederacy of all the forts there in, and arsenals, custom houses, and othor United States property, and for the apportion ment between the two confederacies of all the lands and debts of the late copartnership of the United States. In the next place, we evpect that the Southern confederacy will establish ft 'sys tem of free trade or extremely low duties upon foreign import*, a revenue export ftuty upon cotton, discriminating in favor of it* direct shipment from Southern ports, and will encourage the Introduction of homo manu 'actut ii>K ?H?b1lilm?nti, There are already in operation torn* flttecn flourishing cotton mills n South Carolms, Georgia and Alabama, chiefly engaged in the manufacture of coatse undyid goods It has been discovered, how ever, that greatly ent nnred profits to the cot i( ii planter mity be secured from the spinning of his crop intended for exportation, and it is tt us probable that, within a few years the bulk of the cotton t?bipuieut? from the South to Kutope will be in the form of yarn This sin gle item of cotton spinning, it Is conjectured, will give an impetus to Southern manufac turing Industry which will rapidly intioduoe a succNrfnl rtvaliy to the North in all sorts of manufactures. Dut as slave labor and the cotton tjinaopoly ore to b?- the malt' pillars of t.hi? Southern con federacy, we maj safely assort that it aspire* to the early absorption ot Mexico, Central America and the bland of C iba Poubtb-ss th'-se fncipbnt Son'hsrn military organ izations have JMMM direct Connection with this programme of Southern expan sion. II ir ii jwegrammc, as we believe, so thoroughly i?te'woven with all these seces -lon movement* that the States imm<'rtistely interested ui it would refuse any Union saving compromise thutcould bi-inven'ed. Tb^ydonut desire lied will refuse any copartnership wlt.h 'he North, upon any terms, in these anticipated acquisitions to Southern slave labor, Southern products and Southern commercial power,